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托福阅读格题解题基本思路托福阅读格题解题基本思路IBT阅读中的表格题是新题型,同时在IBT听力部分也出现了与听力部分不同的是,IBT阅读部分的表格题既包括了对全文重点内容的发问又包括了对全文主题和结论发问它们以对比表格和总结表格的形式出现相对于听力表格题来说,阅读部分的难度系数更大一些在IBT阅读的3篇文章中有两个此类问题,且通常是文章最后一道题目,为2分
一、表格题分为两大类总结表格题和对比表格题
1、总结表格题相对而言,总结表格题的出现频率要高于对比表格题,这是由它们自身特点,出题方式和原文是否具备对比对照关系这三方面的因素决定的
2、题的出题模式有两种一种是针对全文内容出题,答案由全文的主题,细节和重点支持段落的概述三部分组成另外一种是针对文章中的重点支持性段落出题,答案由这些重点支持性段落主题,段落结论,以及重点支持性例子的概述三部分组成这里我们重点看第一种出题模式我们来看一个例子,TheAtlanticCodFisheryOffthenortheasternshoreofNorthAmericafromtheislandofNewfoundlandinCanadasouthtonewEnglandintheUnitedStatesthereisaseriesofshallowareascalledbanks.SeverallargebanksoffNewfoundlandaretogethercalledGrandBankshugeshoalsontheedgeofNorthAmericancontinentalshelfwherethewarmwatersoftheGulfStreammeetthecoldwatersofLabradorCurrent.Asthecurrentsbrusheachothertheystirupmineralfromtheo___anfloorprovidingnutrientsforplanktonandtinyshrimp-likecreaturescalledkrillwhichfeedontheplankton.Herringandothers___llfishrisetothesu______toeatthekrill.GroundfishsuchastheAtlanticcodliveintheo___an’sbottomlayercongregatingintheshallowwaterswheretheypreyonkrillands___llfish.Thisrichenviro___enthasprodu___dcodbythemillionsandon___hadagreaterdensityofcodthananywhereelseonEarth.Beginningintheeleventh___nturyboatsfromtheportsofnorthwesternEuropearrivedtofishtheGrandBanks.Forthenexteight___nturiestheentireNewfoundlandeconomytakingfishbacktoEuropean___rkets.Codlaidouttodryonwoodenflakeswasamonsightinthefishingvillagesdottingthecoast.Settlersintheregionusedtothinktheonlyseacreatureworthtalkingaboutwascodandinthelocalspeechthewordfishbecamesynonymouswithcod.Newfoundland’snationaldishwasapuddingwhose___iningre___ntwascod.Bythenieenth___nturytheNewfoundlandfisherywaslargelycontrolledbymerchantsbasedinthecapitalatSt.John’s.They___rketedthecatchsuppliedbythefishersworkingoutofmorethan600villagesaroundthelongcoastline.Inreturnthemerchantsprovidedfishingequipmentclothingandallthefoodthatcouldnotbegrownintheisland’sthinrockysoil.Thissystemkeptthefishersinacontinuousstateofdebtanddependen___onthemerchants.Untilthetwentieth___nturyfishersbelievedinthecod’sabilitytoreplenishitselfandthoughtthatoverfishingwasimpossible.HoweverNewfoundland’scodfisherybegantoshowsignsoftroubleduringthe1930swhencodfailedtosupportthefishersandthousandswereunemployed.Theslumplastedforthenextfewdecades.ThenwhenaninternationalagreementdecidedtobuildupthemodernGrandBanksfleetand___kefishingaviableeconomicbaseforNewfoundlandagain.AllofNewfoundland’sseafoodpaniesweremergedintooneconglomerate.Bythe1980stheconglomeratewasprosperingandcodwere___ndingex___llentpri___sinthe___rket.Consequentlytherewasasignificantincreaseinthenumberoffishersandfish—pro___ssingplantworkers.Howeverwhiletheoffshorefisherywasprosperingtheinshorefishermenfoundtheircatchesdroppingoff.In1992theCanadiangover___entrespondedbyclosingtheGrandBankstogroundfishing.Newfoundland’scodfishingandpro___ssingindustrieswereshutdowninabidtoletthevanishingstocksrecover.Themoratoriumwasextendedin1994whenalloftheAtlanticcodfisheriesinCanadawereclosedex___ptforoneinNovaScotiaandstrictquotaswerepla___donotherspeciesofgroundfish.Canada’scodfishingindustrycollapsedandaround40000fishersandotherindustryworkerswereputoutofwork.Atlanticcodstockshadon___beensoplentifulthatearlyexplorersjokedaboutwalkingonthebacksoftheteemingfish.Todaycodstocksareathistoricallylowlevelsandshownosignsofimminentrecoveryevenafterdrasticconservationmeasuresandseverelylimitedfishing.Fishermenoftenblamethediminishingstocksonsealswhichpreyoncodandotherspeciesbutscientistsbelievethatdecadesofoverfishingaretoblame.Stu___sonfishpopulationshaveshownthatcoddisappearedfromNewfoundlandatthesametimethatstocksstartedrebuildinginNorwayraisingthepossibilitythatthecodhadmigrated.StillnoonecanpredictwhetherandwhenthecodwillreturntotheGrandBanks.]Anintroductorysenten___forabriefsum___ryofthepassageisprovidedbelow.Completethesum___rybyselectingtheTHREEanswerchoi___sthatexpressthemostimportantideasthatarenotpresentedinthepassageorareminorideasinthepassage.Thisquestionisworth2pointsTheAtlanticcodfisheryhasshapedNewfoundland’seconomyfor___nturies.
1、Codfishingwassosuessfulthatfewpeopleconsideredthepossibilityofoverfishinguntilfishstocksfell.
2、Despiteseverelimitsonfishingcodstocksre___inatlowlevelsandshowfewsignsofrecovery.
3、TheCanadiangover___enttriedtodiversityNewfoundland’seconomyinthe1980sAnswerChoi___s
(1)Atlanticcodstockswereon___plentifulintherichenviro___entaroundtheGrandBanks.
(2)TheAtlanticcodisagroundfishthatpreysonherringands___llfishthateatkrill.
(3)Codfishingwassosuessfulthatfewpeopleconsideredthepossibilityofoverfishinguntilfishstocksfell.
(4)TheCanadiangover___enttriedtodiversityNewfoundland’seconomyinthe1980s.
(5)Despiteseverelimitsonfishingcodstocksre___inatlowlevelsandshowfewsignsofrecovery.
(6)Newfoundlandexportsmillionsofdollarsworthofcrabandothershellfisheveryyear.解题基本思路首先确定这个题目属于总结表格题,其主题为TheAtlanticcodfisheryhasshapedNewfoundland’seconomyfor___nturies.(鳕鱼渔业带动了纽芬兰经济发展已经有好几个世纪)后面三个分论点的内容都是围绕这个论点展开因为渔业的发达人们忽略了过度捕杀来的问题;尽管采取各种限制捕杀政策,鳕鱼的库存还是不断减少而其数量也没有回升的迹象;______从20世纪80年代开始想办法来繁荣纽芬兰的经济通过对上面这些句子和主题的分析,我们已经可以猜出文章的主要内容,人们的过度捕杀导致自己的`经济-鳕鱼数量不断减少根据这个理解然后看答案根据文章内容,我们知道选项A,C,E与文章的内容和题目表格内容相符合其中B内容在文章中有,但是不符合,D的内容也是正确的,但是与E相比,E更合适,而F直接排除掉
3、总结表格题做题三大步骤判断题目类型(全文型还是段落型)--------------根据题目类型找主题、细节和支持性段落/事例--------采用排除法找出正确答案
4、对比表格题对比表格题都会有明确的对比项,也就是在文章中几个不同事物之间相对比这类型的题目相对于总结表格题来说简单只要按照文章题目的要求,返回原文去找和要求意思相近的答案就可以了其具体解题方法和总结表格题相同,所以这里就不赘述了总之,判断题目类型(总结表格题和对比表格题)--------------根据题目类型找主题、细节和支持性段落/事例--------采用排除法找出正确答案是解决这类问题的最佳策略模板内容仅供参考。