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小学英语语法总结
1.人称代词备注I:我you:你、你们he:他she:她it:它we:我们they:他们me:我him:他her:她的us:我们them:他们my:我的your:你的、你们的his:他们的its:它的our:我们的their:他们你的mine:我的yours:你的、你们的hers:她的ours:我们的theirs:他们的
2.形容词和副词的比较级
3.可数词的复数形式
4.不可数名词单复数形式不变如breadricewaterjuice等.缩略形式a/an(an用在元音字母AaEeliOoUu发音的单词前如anapple)abookapeachanegganapple
7.介词on在…上面,in在…里面infrontof在…前面,behind在…后面between在…之间,nextto与…相邻,near邻近,beside在…旁边at在.表示时间atsixoclockatChristmasatbreakfastonMondayon15thJulyOnNationalDayintheeveninginDecemberinwinter基数词和序数词one-firsttwo-secondtwenty-twentiethSome/anysome用于肯定句中any用于否定句和疑问句中Ihavesometoysinmybedroom./Doyouhaveanybrothersorsisters多少Howmany修饰可数名词/Howmuch修饰不可数名词(Howmuch还有多少钱的意思)
11.改否定句:
1.句中有be动词,在be后面加not(nt).句中有canwill后加not(nt).有动词时在动词前面加助动词dontdoesnt(三单)didnt过去式动词保持原形.
12.改一般疑问句用Yes或No回答句中有be动词,isamarewaswere把be动词调到句首,首字母大写.句中有canwill把它们调到句首首字母大写除前面两种外句子有动词时句首加助动词DoDoes(三单)Did过去式动词保持原形.注意人称变化I变youwe变youmy变yourour变your.
13.therebe结构肯定句Thereisa...如Thereisabook.这儿有一本书ThereareTherearebooks.这儿有许多书一般疑问句:lsthereYesthereis./Nothereisnt.ArethereYesthereare./Notherearent.否定句ThereisnotTherearenot.或者ThereisntTherearent„.祈使句(表示请求、命令、劝告或建议等语气的句子)SitdownpleaseDontsitdownplease.一般现在时通常用usuallyofteneverydaysometimes肯定句Igotoschoolonfooteveryday.Shegoestoschoolonfooteveryday.一般疑问句DoyoujumphighYesIdo./NoIdont.DoeshejumphighYeshedoes./Nohedoesnt.否定句WedontgotoschoolonSundays.MymotherdoesnytlikewatchingTVintheevening.
16.“Wh・开头的特殊疑问句.
17.时间先说分钟再说小时英语中始终是小的先说大的后说Itshalfpastone.一点半
18.时态基数词变序数词方法主格1youhesheitwethey放在前面宾格meyouhimheritusthem放在后面形容词性物主名词myyourhisheritsourtheir后面可以加东西名词性物主代词mineyourshishersitsourstheirs后面不可以加东西例子1一般在形容词或副词后+eroldertallerlongerstrongeretc2多音节词前+moremoreinterestingetc.3双写最后一个字母再+erbiggerfatteretc.4把y变为i再+erheavierearlier5不规则变化well-betterbad-worsemuch/many-moreetc.例子在名词后面+sabook-—books名词后有y去除y改iesastory-—stories以sshchorx结尾的名词+esaglass一glassesawatch—watches以结尾的名词+s或+esapiano-amango-pianosmangoes以f或fe结尾的名词去f或fe改vesaknife-knivesashelf-shelvesrm=1amyoure=youareshes=sheishes=heisits=itiswhos=whoiscant=cannotisnt=isnotWhatareyoudoingWhatcolourisitWhattimeisitWhatsthetimeWhosthemanwithabignoseWhosebagisitWhenisyourbirthdayWhydoyoulikesummerWhereismyballpenHowmuchisthetoybearWhichisyourwatchtheyellowoneorthewhiteoneHowmanybooksarethereintheschoolbagHowoldistheyoungmanHowdoyougotoschooleveryday时态过去式现在进行时将来时时态特征动词+ed(除了不规则外)一如cookedbe+动词ing正在一如1amreadingWill+动词原形或begoingto+动词原形句子中最常出现的单词yesterdaylastyearagothennowlooktomorrownextweekintwodaysonMonday例句规则1watchedTVyesterday.不规则1wenttoAmericayesterday.Heisreadingabook.Shewillgotoschooltomorrow.Sheisgoingtogotoschooltomorrow特别提示did后的动词原形如DidyouwatchTV过去式问过去式回答DidyouwatchTV—Yes1did.要注意be动词的正确连接.如1一amshetheyhe-iswe-areityou用will问用will回答如WillhewatchTV—Yeshewill.口诀解说举例子基变序,有规律,后面th加上去在数词后面加thfour—fourth一二三,特殊记,后面字母tddoonetwothree特殊变firstsecondthird八去t九去eo整数中的y要变成ieeight去掉tnine去掉etwenty去掉y变成twentietheighteighthnine一ninthf来把ve替five和twelve的ve要变成ffive-*fifthtweIvc—twelfth若是遇到儿十儿,只变个位就可以两位数或两位以上数字只变个位thirty-three-*thirty-third序数词前要加the我们一定要牢记序数词前必须加the(上述原则中的除外)thefirstday。