还剩2页未读,继续阅读
文本内容:
高中语法专题虚拟语气虚拟语气在条件句中的应用条件句分为真实条件句与虚拟条件句真实条件句所表的假设是可能发生或实现的,从句与主句都用陈述语气IfitdoesntraintomorrowIw山goforapicnic.虚拟条件句所表的假设则是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的,从句与结主句皆用虚拟语气与现在事实相违背Ifitwerenotrainingweshouldgoforapicnic./Ifhecameherehemightbeabletohelpyou.与过去事实相违背Shewouldhavegonetothepartyifshehadbeeninvited.IfshehadntcalledmeIwouldhaveoversleptthismorning.与未来事实相违背IfIweretobetwentyyearsoldnextyearIwouldtakethecourseofFrench.(事实是我现在已经老了,明年我学不了法语了)注意虚拟过去式有时并不表示“不大可能实现的假设”,而是表示一种希望或不希望发生的动作Ifwccaughttheearlytrainwedgettherebylunchtime.(表希望)Ifwemissedthetrainweshouldhavetowaitanhouratthestation.(表不希望)混合型的条件句(从句与主句所表的时间不一致)较多见的是从句用过去完成时(指过去行为),而主句用一般时(指目前状态)Hewouldpassthetestifhehadtakenmyadvice.如果他(之前)听了我的劝告,他现在会通过考试IfIhadspokentohimyesterdayIshouldknowwhattodonow.注意从句如果是IfIwere...主句则可用任何时间的虚拟IfIwerenotbusyIwouldhavecome.假如我不忙,我就会去了(were表过去)IfIwereyouIwouldgo.假如我是你,我会去的«(were表现在)连词if的省略如果虚拟条件句的谓语部分有werehad和should时,可省略if把werehad和should放到从句主语前面去,多见于书面语HadyounothelpedmeIshouldhavefailed.要是没有你的帮助,我就失败了Wereyouinmypositionyouwoulddothesame.假如你处在我的地位,你也会这样干的Shouldtheyattackuswellwipethemoutcompletely假如他们进攻我们,我们就把他们彻底消灭干净含蓄条件句虚拟条件句中的条件从句有时不表出来,只暗含在上下文中,这种句子叫做含蓄条件句含蓄条件句大体有三种情况1)条件暗含在短语中Butforyourhelpwccouldnthavesucceededintheexperiment.(暗含在分词短词butforyourhelp)WhatwouldIhavedonewithoutyou如没有你,我会怎么办呢?(条件暗含在介词短语withoutyou+)2)条件暗含在上下文中Youmightstayhereforever.你可以永远待在这儿(可能暗含ifyouwantedto)Wewouldhavesucceeded.我们本来是会成功的(门J能暗含ifwehadkepttrying)不用if引导的条件从句虚拟条件句中的条件从句除用if引外,还可用whenunlesssupposeasifincase等词语来引导UnlessIwerewellIwouldntbeatschool.除非我好了,否则我不会上学SupposeyouweregivenachancetostudyinAmericawouldyouacceptIncaseIforgetpleaseremindmeofmypromise如果我忘了请提醒我的诺言专项练习enjoyedthemovieverymuch.IwishIthebookfromwhichitwasmade.A.havereadB.hadreadC.shouldhavereadD.arereadingYouarelate.Ifyouafewminutesearlieryouhim.A.come;wouldmeetB.hadcome;wouldhavemetC.come;willmeetD.hadcome;wouldmeet
6.1fthedoctorhadcomeearlierthepoorchildwouldnottodayhewouldgettherebyFriday.A.WouldheleaveB.WasheleavingC.WerehetoleaveD.IfheleavesHisdoctorsuggestedthatheashorttripabroad.A.willtakeB.wouldtakeC.takeD.tookTheBakersarrivedlastnight.Iftheydonlyletusknowearlieratthestation.A.wedmeetthemB・wcIImeetthemC.wedhavemetthemD・wevemetthem
26.1fIyouImoreattentiontoEnglishidiomsandphrases.A.was;shallpayB.am;willpayC.wouldbe;wouldpayD.were;wouldpayWemighthavefailedifyouusahelpinghand.A.havenotgivenB.wouldnotgiveC.hadnotgivenD.didnotgiveThelawrequiresthateveryonehiscarcheckedatleastonceayear.A.hasB.hadC.haveD.willhave3O.HadIknownhernameA.ordoessheknowmineB.andwheredoessheliveC.shewouldbebeautiful.D.Iwouldhaveinvitedhertolunch.3l.Hehasjustarrivedbuthetalksasifheallaboutthat.A.knowB.knowsC.knownD.knew
32.IfIthemoneyIwouldhaveboughtamuchbiggercar.A.possessedB.ownedC.hadD.hadhadHewasverybusyyesterday;otherwisehetothemeeting.A.wouldcomeB.cameC.wouldhavecomeD.willcomeThelibrarianinsiststhatJohnnomorebooksfromthelibrarybeforehereturnsallthebookshehasborrowed.A.willtakeB.tookC.takeD.takesleftveryearlylastnightbutIwishIsoearly.A.didntleaveB.hadntleftC.haventleftD.couldntleavewishthatyousuchabadheadachebecauseImsurethatyouwouldhaveenjoyedtheconcert.A.hadntB.didnthavehadC.hadnthadD.hadnthaveHeinsistedthatweallinhisofficeatoneoclock.A.beB.tobeC.wouldbeD.shallbeHelencouldntgotoFranceafterall.Thatstoobad.Imsureshewouldhaveenjoyeditif.A・shesgoneB.she*11goC・shedgoneD・shedgo条件从句主•句与现在事实相违背过去式(动词是be用were)should/would/could/might+动词原形与过去事实相违背had+过去分词should/would/could/might+have+过去分词与未来事实相违背1)should+动词原形2)were+动词不定式3)过去式(动词是Be也可以用were)should/would/could/might+动词原形。