还剩4页未读,继续阅读
文本内容:
托福综合写作材料范文「TPO3」托福综合写作材料范文「TPO3」 TPO3综合写作的材料围绕伦勃朗的一幅画作展开下面是的托福TPO3综合写作范文和材料原文,希望能帮到大家! ThelecturerevisestheideapresentedinthetextthatRembrandtwasnottheartistwhopaintedthefamouspainting“PortraitofanElderlyWomaninaWhiteBon”. TheinconsistencybetweenthewhitecapwhichidentifiesthewomanasaservantandtheexpensivefurcollarshewearsdissolvesastheProfessorexplainsthatthefurcollarwasapparentlypaintedovertheoriginalpaintingtoincreaseitsworthbydisplayinganaristocraticwoman. Inadditiontheassumptionthatlightandshadowinthepaintingdonotfittogetherisrefutedbythefactthatintheoriginalpaintingthewomanwearsalightcloththatilluminatedherface.ThusthepresentationoflightandshadowwasindeedveryrealisticandaurateasitischaracteristicofRembrandt’spaintings. Finallythemysteryofthepanelconsistingofpatchesgluedtogetherisalsosolvedinthelecture.ActuallythewoodpanelwaslaterenlargedtomakeitmoregrandandvaluablebuttheoriginalpaintingwaspaintedonasinglepanelasRembrandtwouldhavedoneit.FurthermorethewoodisofthesametreeusedinotherRembrandtpaintingslikethe“Self-PortraitwithaHat”. AllthisinformationpointstoRembrandtasthepainterofthecontroversialpainting. Rembrandtisthemostfamousoftheseventeenth-centuryDutchpainters.HowevertherearedoubtswhethersomepaintingsattributedtoRembrandtwereactuallypaintedbyhim.OnesuchpaintingisknownasattributedtoRembrandtbecauseofitsstyleandindeedtherepresentationofthewoman’sfaceisverymuchlikethatofportraitsknowntobebyRembrandt.ButthereareproblemswiththepaintingthatsuggestitcouldnotbeaworkbyRembrandt. 伦勃朗是十七世纪荷兰最富盛名的画家然后,对于有些画作是否确实出自他手却是颇有争议的有一副有争议的画归于伦勃朗名下是因为其风格属于伦勃朗,同时画上女子的面庞也同伦勃朗其他画作中的人物非常类似的然而,这幅画中存在的一些问题却说明这幅画不是伦勃朗的作品 Firstthereissomethinginconsistentaboutthewaythewomanintheportraitisdressed.Sheiswearingawhitelinencapofakindthatonlyservantswouldwear-yetthecoatsheiswearinghasaluxuriousfurcollarthatnoservantcouldafford.Rembrandtwhowasknownforhisattentiontothedetailsofhissubjects’clothingwouldnothavebeenguiltyofsuchaninconsistency. 首先,这幅画上的一个问题就是画中女子的衣着有些不协调她带着一个白色的亚麻帽子,这是一种仆人才会戴的帽子但是穿的衣服却有一个奢华的皮草领子,这样的衣服是仆人阶层所不能承受的以关注作品服饰细节著称的伦勃朗是不会在作品中发这样的错误的 SecondRembrandtwasamasterofpaintinglightandshadowbutinthispaintingtheseelementsdonotfittogether.Thefaceappearstobeilluminatedbylightreflectedontoitfrombelow.Butbelowthefaceisthedarkfurcollarwhichwouldabsorblightratherthanreflectit.Sothefaceshouldappearpartiallyinshadow-whichisnothowitappears.Rembrandtwouldneverhavemadesuchanerror. 第二,伦勃朗是光影大师,但是在这幅作品中光影却是不协调的人物的面庞被下面的光照亮了,但是面部下面却是深色的皮草领子这个深色的皮草领子应该是吸光而不是反光的,所以面部应该呈现的是半明半暗的状态,而不是全部都是亮的伦勃朗是绝不会犯这样的错误的 Finallyexaminationofthebackofthepaintingrevealsthatitwaspaintedonapanelmadeofseveralpiecesofwoodgluedtogether.AlthoughRembrandtoftenpaintedonwoodpanelsnopaintingknowntobebyRembrandtusesapanelgluedtogetherinthiswayfromseveralpiecesofwood. 最后,对于画作背侧的检查发现这幅画的木板是有几块木头粘在一起的尽管伦勃朗常常会在木板上作画,但是尚未发现伦勃朗使用几块拼接的木板作画 ForthesereasonthepaintingwasremovedfromtheofficialcatalogofRembrandt’spaintingsinthe1930s. 因为上述原因,这幅画在1930年代从伦勃朗的官方画作目录中移除了 Everythingyoujustreadabout“PortraitofanElderlyWomaninaWhiteBon”istrueandyetafterathoroughre-examinationofthepaintingapanelofexpertshasrecentlyconcludedthatit’sindeedaworkbyRembrandt.Hereiswhy. 刚刚你读到的关于“戴白帽的老妪”的说法都是真的但是经过专家小组对这幅画彻底的检查,最近确定这幅画确实是伦勃朗的作品原因如下 Firstthefurcollar.X-raysandanalysisofthepigmentsinthepainthaveshownthatthefurcollarwasn’tpartoftheoriginalpainting.Thefurcollarwaspaintedoverthetopoftheoriginalpaintingaboutahundredyearsafterthepaintingwasmade.WhySomeoneprobablywantedtoincreasethevalueofthepaintingbymakingitlooklikeaformalportraitofanaristocraticlady. 首先是皮草领子专家小组用X光检查并分析了画上的颜料,发现这个皮草领子不是原画作的组成局部这个皮草领子是在成画后一百年之后直接画在原画上面的这么做的目的是什么呢可能是有人想让这幅画看起来像是一个贵族女子的正式画像,以为这样可以提高画的价值 Secondthesupposederrorwithlightandshadow.Oncethepaintoftheaddedfurcolorwasremovedtheoriginalpaintingcouldbeseen.Intheoriginalpaintingthewomaniswearingasimplecollaroflight-coloredcloth.Thelight-coloredclothofthiscollarreflectslightthatilluminatedpartofthewoman’sface.That’swhythefaceisnotinpartialshadow.SointheoriginalpaintinglightandshadowareveryrealisticandjustwhatwecouldexpectfromRembrandt. 第二,光影问题只要把这个后加上来的皮草领子移除,我们就能看到原画在原画上,这个女人穿的是一个有这单领的浅色袍子这个带着子的浅色袍子能够把光反射到女人的脸上这是为什么这个女人的脸上没有呈现出半明半暗的状态所以呢,原画上的光影是具备伦勃朗应该具有的写实风格的 Finallythewoodpanel.Itturnsoutthatwhenthefurcollarwasaddedthewoodpanelwasalsoenlargedwithextrawoodpiecesgluedtothesidesandthetoptomakethepaintingmoregrandandmorevaluable.SotheoriginalpaintingisactuallypaintedonasinglepieceofwoodaswouldbeexpectedfromaRembrandtpainting.Andinfactresearchershavefoundthatthepieceofwoodintheoriginalformof“PortraitofanElderlyWomaninaWhiteBon”isfromtheverysametreeasthewoodpanelusedforanotherpaintingbyRembrandthis“Self-portraitwithaHat”. 最后,木板的问题研究发现,在加上皮草领子的同时,木板也是被认为的增大了有人在原画的上边和侧面粘上了木板,以期望可以使这幅画看起来更大和更贵重所以这幅话最初是画在一个单块木板上的,这样就符合我们对伦勃朗风格的期待了同时,研究人员发现这幅“戴白帽的老妪”上所使用的木材同伦勃朗的另一幅画所使用的木板同一颗树这幅画是他的“戴帽子的自画像”,这一点更有力地说明了这幅画是伦勃朗所作。