还剩6页未读,继续阅读
文本内容:
归元寺英文的导游词范文 ChineseBuddhisttemplesareneversinglebuildings.Theyalwaysconsistofagroupbuildingsfollowingafundamentalpatterwhichcanhoweverbemodified.Themainbuildingsandtheirsymmetricallycorrespondingsecondarybuildingsformindividualgroupsandcourtyards.Theentiretempleplexisspacious.Thebuildinginsidetheplexareusuallysingle-storiedandthemainhallsaresometimesdecoratedwithadoubleroof.Thetowerspavilionsandhallscanbemulti-storiedstructures. TheChinesetempleplexhasbeensubjecttogreatstructuralchangesthroughoutthecenturies.ButtemplearchitectsfollowthebasicprinciplesofsecularstructuresfromtheTangDynastyonwards.Theplexesstandonacentralaxisusuallyanorth-southaxis:east-westonlyasanexception.GuiyuanTempleisjusttheveryexception.Themainbuildingsarestrungalongthiscentralaxistheirbroadestsidesfacingsouthoreast. ThemostimportantandmostfrequentlypresentedbuildinginsideaBuddhisttempleplexarethemainentrancegatethebellanddrumtowerstheHalloftheHeavenlyKingstheHalloftheBuddhaandapagoda. BuddhismissaidtobefoundedinIndiainthe6thcenturyBCbySiddathaGautamaBC565–BC486thesonofanoblemanandmemberoftheKshatriyacastenearthepresentbordersofIndiaandNepal.BuddhismadvocatesthatallthepeoplearecreatedequalandturnsagainstthecastesystemofBrahmanismsoitwaspopularwiththemonpeople. ItwassaidthatBuddhismwasspreadtoChinain2BC.Atthebeginningitwasonlyregardedasakindofwitch.About200ADChineseversionofBuddhistscripturesbegantoappearandthusBuddhistdoctrinesbegantoemergewithtraditionalChinesereligiousthought.From2ndcenturytolate6thcenturytranslationandresearchofBuddhistsectswithChinesecharacteristicswerebeingmoreandmorepopularandmanytempleswerebuiltwhichreacheditspeakinSuiDynasty581AD-617ADandTangDynasty618-
907.SomeBuddhistsectswithChinesecharacteristicscameintobeing.BuddhismexertsagreatinfluenceonChinesephilosophyliteratureartandfolkcustoms. WhatispresentedbeforeoureyesisacopperstatueofafamousbodhisattvainHynayanaBuddhism.BodhisattvaisatittlewhichisonlynexttoBuddha.ThisstatueistheimageofAvalokitesvarawhichhasbeenpopularwithChinesepeopleormorethan1000years.SheiscalledtheGoddessofMercycordiallybytheChineseandisregardedasthesymbolofkindnessmercyandbenevolence.WhenwevisittheAvalokitesvaraPavilionafterawhileIwillgiveadetailedintroductionabouther.ThiscopperstatuewassenttoGuiyuanTemplebyTaiwanBuddhistsinSeptember
1990.ItshowsthatallChinesewhetherinthemainlandorinTaiwanareeagerforthereunionofthecountryevenincludingreligionbelievers. ThebuildingweseenowistheBuddhaHallwhereonecertainBuddhaandhistwoassistantbodhisattvasesareworshiped.ThisBuddhaisAmitabhaBuddha.Amitabhameansinparablebrightness.AordingtoBuddhismtimeandspaceislimitlessandthustherearemanymanyBuddhasindifferentspacesandtimes.ButinacertainspaceorinacertainperiodoftimethereisonlyonecertainBuddhawhoisinchargeofinstructingalllivingcreatures.AmitabhaBuddhaistheBuddhawhopresidesovertheLandofUltimateBlissinthewestwhichwilleinthefuture.BuddhistscripturesdescribetheLandofUltimateBlissasawonderlandinwhichnopainexistsandthepeopleenjoytheirlives.Inonewordit’sveryattractive.Somepeoplewillthinkitmustbeverydifficulttoentersuchaworld.HowcanIgotosuchaparadiseMaybeIhavetoworkhardandbearalotofsufferings.Infactit’sveryeasytoentertheworld.Heonlyneedoftenmurmur‘MayBuddhapreserveus’sincerely.It’senough. YouseethestatueinthemiddleistheveryBuddha.OnhisleftistheGoddessofMercy.OnhisrightistheotherbodhisattvawhofollowstheBuddha.Itissaidthathecansaveallthelivingcreaturesfromthreekindsofterribledisasters. Nowlet’sstepintotheBuddhistscripturesPavilionwherethescripturesofBuddhismarekept.ButI‘mafraidwhatattractsourattentionatthefirstsightmustbethissnow-whitestatue.ItisastatueofSakyamunithefounderofBuddhism.Thisstatuewascarvedoutofabigpieceofjadewhichis2-meter-tallandweighs3tons.ItwascarvedbyMyanmarhandicraftsmenanddonatedtothetemplebytheRangoonBuddhistsin
1935. IfwewatchthestatuewemaysensethatthepeacefulexpressionontheBuddha’sfacehasbroughtustoaquietandharmoniousstate. ThelastbuildingwewillvisitistheAvalokitesvaraPavilioninthenorthyard.Whenweenteredtheyardjustnowwesawastatueofher.NowI’dliketointroducehercarefully. AsagoddessshesworethatshewouldnotbeeaBuddhauntilallthelivingcreaturessufferingfrompainsweresaved.SoshebecameabodhisattvawhoismostpopularamongthepeopleandattractsthemostbelieversofallthegodsandgoddessesinBuddhism.Itwassaidthatonewouldbesavedfromtroubleanddisasteraslongasheshechantedhernameandifitwasheardbyher.ThussheiscalledGuanshiyinwhichmeans‘hearingorlookingonthevoicesofthesuffering’.Becauseofherkindheartandbenevolenceshegotanothertitle‘theGoddessofMercy’. AordingtoBuddhismbodhisattvaseshavenodistinctionofsexthatistheyareneithermalenorfemalebecausetheyareimmortals.Butit’sverystrangeandinterestingthatmostofbodhisattvaseswereengravedorcarvedintheimagesofvariouskindsofmeninhumansociety.Changesdidn’ttakeplaceuntilanemperor’smotherthoughtitwasinconvenienttoworshipamalebodhisattvainherbedroom.FromthenonGuanshiyinthebodhisattvasbegantoappearbeforeherbelieversintheimageofabeautifulandelegantlady. We’llpayavisittoaveryserioussacredplace.GenerallytheplaceisregardedasthemostholybyBuddhists.ItistheGrandHallwherethefounderofBuddhismSakyamuniisworshiped.ItisalwaysthecenterofaBuddhisttempleinconstructionandinBuddhists’mind. ThestatueinthemiddleisSakyamuni.AordingtoBuddhismhismothergavebirthtohiminagarden.HebelongedtoKshatreyaCaste.Hemarriedhiscousinwhenhewas16or17yearsold.Attheageof29hewasconfrontedwiththesightsofanoldmanasickmanacorpseandawanderingascetic.Witheyesopenedtoaspectsoflifenewlyrevealedtohimhebrokefromthematerialworldandbecameanascetic.Sixyearslaterhegaveupmysticconcentrationthatatlastbroughthimenlightenmentunderabotree.Hethenfoundedanorderofmendicantsandspenthisnext45yearspreachinghisideasuntilhisdeath. ThesetwostatuebesidetheBuddhaarehistwodisciples.TheoneontherightwassaidtobeSakyamuni’scousinandhehadgoodmemorysothathecouldrememberalltheBuddhatoldhisdisciples.TheoneontheleftwassaidtobethelordofBrahmnismandheoncewasSakyamuni’stutor.ButafterwardshewasconvincedbyBuddhismafterlong-termdebatebetweenBuddhismandotherreligionsandheaeptedSakyamuniashistutor.ThushebecametheeldestoneofallSakyamuni’sdisciples. Nextwe’llpayavisittotheAhratHallinthesouthcourt. TheAhratHallisanimportantstructureinaBuddhisttemple.ButnotalltempleshaveanAhratHallespeciallywell-keptAhratHallsareveryrareinChina.Thisoneisamongthemandwhat’smoreithasitsownuniquecharacteristics. GenerallyanAhratHallisasquarebuilding.Thebuildingissubdividedintofoursmallsquarecourtssothatthehallcangetenoughsunlight.ThiskindofstructureshowsomeluckyimpliesinChineseBuddhistculture. Anothercharacteristicaboutthehallliesinthesesculpturesthemselves.Theywereneithermadeupofwoodnorstonenorclay.Aspecialwaywastakeninmakingthemwhichcouldpreventsthemfrombeingburnedbeingsoakedorbeingeatenbyinsects.AllthesculptureswerefloatinginwaterwhileWuhanwasfloodedin1954butsurprisinglytheyweresoundandsafeafterthefloodhadreceded.Itwasreallyawonder. AhratsaretheimmortalsinBuddhism.Butwhenyouhavealookaroundthesculpturesyoumayfindfromtheexpressionsontheirfacesthattheyaresofamiliartoyou.That’sonlybecausetheyweremoldedonthebasisofthepeopleintherealitysotheyarehumanbeingsinourdailyliferatherthanimmortals. AhratsarethesymbolsofharmonyhappinessandgoodlucksotheWuhannativeshavegotusedtocountingahratssinceancienttimetoprayforpeace.Thereareafewwaysofcountingahrats.Wecancountfromthefirstahratfromlefttorightorfromrighttoleftwhenwejustenterthehall.Wecanalsochooseanyahratasourstartingpointandcountinthesamewaylefttorightorrighttoleft.Weshouldbasecountingonourownageswhateverwetake.ForexampleI’m25soIshouldstopinfrontofthe25thahratfromthestartingahrat.ThesculptureinfrontofwhichIstopismyluckyahrat.Myluckyahratwillaompanymetospendapeacefulandluckyyear.Wouldn’tyouliketohaveatrynowIfyouneedIcanexplainconnotationofsomeahrats. That’sallfortheexplanationtoGuiyuanTemple.Thankyouforyourcooperationandunderstanding.Youwillhaveanother30minutestohavealookaroundthetemple.Ifyouhaveanyproblemsdoletmeknow.IwouldliketorepeatourbusnumberA
3074.Pleasedon’tforget.Seeyoulater.模板内容仅供参考 。