还剩27页未读,继续阅读
本资源只提供10页预览,全部文档请下载后查看!喜欢就下载吧,查找使用更方便
文本内容:
动词在语法填空7个提示词中所占的比重最大,难度最高考查层级二动词的时态、语态以及非谓语动词的题目是学生的失分点在句拉分题目分分抢子复杂、结构难辨时,错填连词的也很多因此,掌握提示词为动词及如何填连词的解题技巧,是确保语法填空得满分的关键第一节如何巧取动词提示题动词是历年高考的必考点,对动词有关知识的掌握是考生在语法填空中得高分的关键动词的变化形式比较多,有谓语形式的变化(如时态语态和主谓一致及虚拟语气)、非谓语形式的变化(如不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词)微技能一I如何确定作谓语和作何种谓语No.l思维定向——先定向是否作谓语解题步骤典例印证(2021-全国甲卷)The XianCity Wallis第一步确定是否作谓语the mostcomplete citywall thathas survived首先,分析句子结构,找出句中是否缺Chinas longhistory.lt少谓语,如果缺少谓语,则该空格应填
61.____________(build)originally to谓语动词protect thecity
62.in theTang dynastyand has第二步确定作谓语的三点注意now been completely restored(修复).
1.根据语境、并列谓语、时间标志词等确定用哪种时态;【分析】
2.根据主语与谓语之间是主动关系还是第一步确定填谓语分析句子成分可知,空处和has nowbeencompletelyrestored(修被动关系,以确定语态;复)作并列谓语
3.根据主语确定谓语动词的数,做到主第二步考虑时态语态和主谓一致有时间状谓一致语in theTang dynasty可知发生在过去,根loud—improves ourmemory of them.Even jus据t s主ile语ntly itm(o tu htehiGnrg et ahteW wa oll r)ds与ma动
6.__________more memorable.One reasonwhy peopleremember thespoken wordsbetter isthat itgives us
7.__________additional basisfor memory.We are
8._____________general betterat recallingevents thatrequire activeinvoivement.For instance,producing aword in
9.___________respond to a questionmakes iteasier toremember.In atime whenour interaction with othersand thelarge amountof informationwe lakein
10.be alltoo transient转瞬即逝的,perh叩s it is worthmaking abit moretime forreading outloud.【语篇解读】本文是说明文,介绍了朗读这一古老的艺术技巧有改善我们的记忆力和加强人与人之间的情感纽带等诸多益处及其原因,并建议人们用更多时间朗读
1.sitting[考查时态分析句子结构可知,空处省略了主语和谓语动词;根据语境可知,此处表示,然而,今天,我们大多数人都像坐在图书馆里一样在脑子里读文字,这里强调动作正在发生,故用现在分词]
2.that[考查同位语从句分析句子结构可知,空处引导同位语从句,补充说明名词evidence的具体内容,故用that引导该从句]
3.to[考查介词“from...to...”为固定搭配,表示“从……到……”]
4.better[考查比较等级根据空后的than可知,空处应用比较级表示人们朗读比默读能更好地记住单词和文章]
5.written[考查词性转换空处修饰名词“words”,故应用形容词written意为“书面的]
6.them[考查代词分析句子结构可知,空处作动词make的宾语,指代该句中的“the words”,故填them]
7.an[考查冠词此处表示“一种额外的基础,故用不定冠词;且additional的发音以元音音素开头,故用ano
18.generally[考查词性转换空处修饰形容词better,故用副词形式]
9.response/responding[考查词性转换in response/responding to为固定搭配,意为回应....o故填response/respondingo]
10.are[考查主谓一致分析句子结构可知,此处为when引导的时间状语从句,从句的主语our interactionwith othersand thelarge amountof informationvve takein为复数概念,故谓语动词用复数形式,故填are]2021-绵阳市第二次诊断The education authority inNortheast ChinasLiaoning Provincehas joineda handfulof othersin
1.______________________ban teachersfrom asking parents to grade students,homework afterthe practiceset offan outcryon socialmedia plalforms.Teachers alprimary andmiddle schools
2.__________________________do notgrade students*homework
3.__________they will not bequalified forpromotion orawards,according to the guidelineissued by the provincialeducation departmenton Tuesday.Teachers willnot
4.__________allow touse theWeChat orQQ messagingapps toassign homework
5.____________assign punitiveor repetitivehomework,the guidelinesaid.In avideo
6._____________post onSina Weiborecently,a fatherin EastChinas JiangsuProvince scoldedteachers foraskingparentstogradechildrens homeworkin aparent—teacher WeChatgroup beforeexiting thegroup.Thc videoquickly gaverise toan angryreaction towardthe teacherand anoutpouring ofsupport
7.________________________________parents,with theheading“All itneeds tobreak agrown—up
8._______________be aparent—teacher WeChatgroup”being viewedmore than760million times.In facton theway to grow up,parents,teachers andstudents should take theirown
9._____________responsible andplay theirown roIes.Only whenparents behavelike parents,teachers liketeachers...,can theeducation be
10.______________succeed.【语篇解读】本文是说明文文章主要介绍了辽宁省教育部门禁止老师要求家长批改作业及新浪微博上一个家长因批改作业一事斥责老师的视频的相关内容
1.banning[考查非谓语动词分析句子结构可知,介词in后面的动词应用动词—ing形式,所以空处需要用banningo]
2.who[考查定语从句分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句,指代先行词Teachers,在从句中作主语,所以空处需要填关系代词who]
3.themselves[考查代词分析句子结构并根据语境可知,此处表示“他们不亲自评阅学生作业,所以空处需要填反身代词themselveso J
4.be allowed[考查语态分析句子结构可知,空处与willnot一起作本句的谓语,又此处表示教师不被允许用微信或QQ来布置作业,应用被动语态,所以空处需要填be allowedo]
5.or[考查连词根据语境可知,此处表示教师不被允许通过微信或QQ来布置作业或布置惩罚性或重复性作业,空处表选择,所以空处需要填or]
6.posted[考查非谓语动词分析句子结构可知,本句的谓语动词为scolded,空处为非谓语动词,与逻辑主语video之间形成了动宾关系,所以空处需要填posted o]
7.from[考查介词根据语境可知,此处表示来自家长们的支持,故空处需要填from]
8.is[考查时态和主谓一致“压垮一个成年人只需一个老师家长微信群是一个标题,由该标题中的“needs”可知,时态应用一般现在时;根据意义一致的原则,谓语动词需要用单数,所以空处需要填iso]
9.responsibilities[考查词性转换根据语境可知,此处表示“家长、老师和学生都需承担自己的责任,空处应用名词,且根据and后的roles可知,responsibility在此处作可数名词,应用复数形式,所以空处需要填responsibilitieso]
10.successful[考查词性转换分析句子结构可知,空处作本句的表语,需要用形容词,所以空处需要填successfulo]微技能二I如何确定作非谓语和作何种非谓语No.l思维定向一先定向是否作非谓语解题步骤典例印证分析句子结构,所给提示(2020-浙江7月卷)Later,they learnedto work词是动词时,若句中已有谓语with theseasons,planting at the righttime and,in dryareas,动词,而又无连词(并列连词连__________________(make)use of annual floodsto接并列句或并列谓语,从属连irrigate(灌溉)their fields.词引导从句)时,则要考虑填非【分析】分析句子结构可知,句中已经有谓语动词谓语动词learned,故此处需用非谓语动词make useof和逻辑主语they之间表示“主动关系所以此处用现在分词形式doing作状语[尝试解答]making No.2解题规则——再确定具体用何种非谓语N判断非谓语动词的2个基本原则思维定向典题试做解题原则
1.2020-全国卷II Orangetrees aremore thandecoration;they area symbolof goodfortune andwealth.They make great gifts and you see them many times________________decoratewith red动词一ing形式与动词一ed envelopes and messages of goodfortune.形式的区别
1.判断主动
2.2021-成都市毕业班第二次诊断检逻辑主语与非谓语动词是主还是被动测The WorldHealth OrganizationWHO谓关系时,用动词一ing形has decidedthat the novel coronavirus新式;是动宾关系时用动词—型冠状病毒outbreak isconsidered as an ed形式international publichealth emergency,____________________________set offthe globalaction toprevent thespread of the virus.
3.2021•福州一中第四次适应性考试A birdhabitat canbe anatural orman1非谓语动词表示正在进—made area________________行,用动词一ing形式;
2.判断时间先provide birdswith anenvironment that2表示己经完成,用动词后关系supplies foodand water.—ed形式;3表示将来发生的动作,用
4.2021-焦作市第四次模不定式to do形式拟According toa study_____________publish in the magazineScience,the changesin thesounds ofour oceans,seas,and otherwaterways affectmany seaanimals.答案
1.decorated[考查非谓语动词分析句子结构可知,句中已有谓语动词make及see,故空处应作非谓语动词又因句中them指代前句中的orange trees,与decorate之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,此处作宾语补足语]
2.setting[考查非谓语动词句意世界卫生组织世卫组织决定将新型冠状病毒的爆发视为国际公共卫生紧急事件,触发了全球行动来抵制病毒的传播分析句子结构可知,本句已有谓语,分句之间无连词连接,此处应用非谓语动词形式;结合语境可知,此处应用动词一ing短语作结果状语,表示自然而然的结果故填setting o]
3.providing[考查非谓语动词句意鸟类栖息地可以是一个自然或人为的区域,为鸟类提供食物和水的环境area后跟定语,area与provide是逻辑上的主谓关系,且provide表示正在进行的动作]
4.published[考查非谓语动词句意根据发表在《科学》杂志上的一项研究,海洋和其他水域的声音变化影响了许多海洋动物动词publish意为“发表”,和逻辑主语study构成被动关系,且动作已完成所以应用过去分词作后置定语]宣判断非谓语动词的5种妙法妙法1非谓语动词作主语和表语——成分分析法思维定向典题试做解题原则
1.(2021-江西省红色七校第二次联
1.句中缺少主语,找到句子考)__________(track)down more的谓语部分,确定用动词一than1billion Chinesecitizens isby noing形式还是不定式作主语
1.非谓语动means easy.This year,about7million
2.掌握用动词一ing形式/词作主语staff will be neededto visithomes for不定式作主语的句型registration work.llt is/was+形容词for/of
2.(2019-全国卷III)On ourway tosb+to do sth theho use,it wasraining sohard that we couldnthelp wonderinghow longit wouldlake____________get there.2It isno use/good doing sth
3.2021-全国甲卷It ispossible3It takessb sometime to do sth___________walk orbike the4Its worthwhileto do/doing entire14kilometers.sth非谓语动词中能作表语的有现在分词、过去分词、动名词和不定式
4.全国卷1111quickly lowermyself,1现在分词作表语,意为ducking myhead toavoid lookingdirectly“令人感到……的”;into hiseyes sohe doesntfeel
2.非谓语动词2动名词作表语,表示对主_______________challenge.作表语语内容的进一步说明和解
5.2021-辽宁省“名校交流3月联释;考Bioprinting may be arelatively new3过去分词作表语,意为field butthe resultsso farare encourage.“本身感到……的”4不定式作表语,表将来或目的答案
1.Tracking[考查非谓语动词句意追踪1亿多中国公民绝非易事分析句子结构可知,track在句中应用非谓语动词形式,本句缺少主语,故应用动名词短语作主语,句首单词首字母要大写]
2.to get[考查非谓语动词此处是Tt takessb sometime to do sth”句型,意为“花费某人多长时间做某事”O]
3.io walk[考查非谓语动词分析句子可知,此处是固定句型“Itis+s+for sbtodosth”,It是形式主语,动词不定式短语是真正的主语]
4.challenged[考查非谓语动词根据句子结构可知,空格处作系动词feel的表语,主语为he,故要用challenged,表示“受到挑战的]
5.encouraging[考查非谓语动词句意生物打印可能是一个相对较新的领域,但迄今为止的结果令人鼓舞根据上文are可知应填形容词encouraging,作表语,表示“令人鼓舞的”,修饰物]妙法2非谓语动词作宾语——关键词语法思维定向典题试做解题原则
1.____________________________2021•全国甲卷After_______________spend sometime lookingat allthe介词和带介词t的固定搭配defensive equipmentat thewall,we后一定跟动词一ing形式作宾
1.作介词的宾decided it was timefor someaction and语,但介词but/excepl后接不语用动名词what betterthan toride on a pieceof定式作宾语,且前面有实义动history!词d时,不定式就要省略tOo
2.2021-西安中学第六次模拟1wont callmyself themost accomplishedperson when it comes to___________________
3.2021-攀枝花市第二次统考He hadhold chopsticks.•喜欢考虑不避免enjoy,been considering_____________jump consider,escape,avoid•不禁放from abridge.He laterfound theGood弃太冒险cannot help,give up,Samaritan andthanked himfor hisrisk kindness.He mayone dayfind away topay•感激承认很值得appreciate,him backin kind—though thatsnot theadmit,be worth
2.只能跟动名point.•介意想象莫推延mind,词作宾语的动
4.全国卷II Thisincluded digging up imagine,delay,put off词和短语the road,_____________lay thetrack•允许完成是期望allow,permit,and thenbuilding astrong roofover thetop.finish,look forwardto
5.2021-武汉市4月质量检测We•建议继续勤操练suggest,go pacedaround toavoid_____________on,practise•致力原谅要坚持be devotedto,get frostbite冻伤as thetemperature excuse,insist onstayed closeto—30°C andour drillbatteries becametoo coldto work.•继续成功不错过keep on,
6.2021-江西六校联考The guidedog succeed in,miss beingdenied____________board isjust thetip ofthe iceberg,compared to the variousdifficulties facedby thecountrys visuallyimpaired populationevery daywhen theyleave theirhome.
7.2021•全国乙卷Activities thererange fromwhale watchingto hiking远足and accommodationsaim havea lowimpact on the naturalenvironment.
8.2021-珠海市模拟二At onepoint,someone offered____________trade
3.只能跟不me analcoholic beverage饮料and a定式作宾golden featheredheaddress formy camera.语的动词
9.2021-长沙市第五次适应性考试While Chinahas overcomethe worstof thiswave ofthe pandemic大流彳亍so far,and mostschools arefully prepared___________________open within—person classes,Canada isstill facingnew caseshere andthere everyday.•三个希望两答应hope,wish,expect,agree,promise•两个要求莫拒绝demand,ask,refuse•设法学会做决定manage,learn,decide/determine•不要假装在选择pretend,choose/select•计划提出俩打算plan,offer,intend,mean•申请失败负担起apply,fail,afford•准备愿望又碰巧prepare,desire,happen
4.既可跟动名词作宾语,又可跟不定式作宾语但
10.浙江6月卷remember,forget,regret,stop,go1still remembervisit afriend whodlived herefor fiveyears andon,need,try,mean等注意它I wasshocked when I learntshe hadnt们含义的不同之处cooked oncein allthat time.•remember表达含义
11.2021-攀枝花市第二次统考Most〃to do sth记着去做某事(未做)不同的动people,al onetime oranother,have beenondoing sth记得做过某事词和短语the receivingend ofa randomact of(已做)kindness—that momentwhen acomplete meanstranger stops____________________to doslh打算做某事doing sth•offer aid,generosity orsympathy.意味着做某事•stop Vto do sth停下来去做某事doing sth停止做某事regret to do sth遗憾做某事doingsth后悔做了某事答案
1.spending[考查非谓语动词空前的After为介词,后应接动词的一ing形式故填spendingo]
2.holding[考查非谓语动词句意说到拿筷子,我不会称自己为最有成就的人在whenitcomes to...这一固定句型中,to是介词,后接名词或动名词]
3.jumping[考查非谓语动词句意他一直在考虑从桥上跳下去consider doingsth“考虑做某事,用动名词作宾语]
4.laying[考查非谓语动词设空处作include的宾语,应用动名词形式o laying和句中的diggingup,building并列]
5.getting[考查非谓语动词句意由于温度保持在零下3()°C附近并且我们的钻机电池变得太冷而无法工作,因此我们四处走动以避免冻伤avoid doing“避免做某事,用动名词作宾语]
6.boarding[考查非谓语动词deny doingsth是固定用法,所以空格处需用动名词作宾语]
7.to have[考查非谓语动词aim to do sth力求做某事为固定搭配故本空用不定式to have]
8.to trade[考查非谓语动词句意有一次,有人提出用一杯酒精饮料和一个金色羽毛头饰换我的相机offertodosth“主动提出做某事是动词习惯用法,不定式作宾语]
9.to open[考查非谓语动词句意虽然中国已经克服了这次流行病浪潮中最严重的一波,并且大多数学校已经为开学做好了充足的准备,但是加拿大仍然每天都有新病例出现固定搭配be preparedto do sth准备好做某事”]
10.visiting[考查非谓语动词分析句子结构可知,remember作谓语,且空处不作并列谓语,故应填非谓语动词,此处考查remember doingsth表示“记得做过某事”,故填visiting o]
11.tooffer[考查非谓语动词句意大多数人,曾经都接受过随意的善举一那个时刻,一个完全的陌生人停下来提供帮助、慷慨或同情stop to dosth“停下来做某事”,根据句意,空格处用不定式作目的状语]妙法3非谓语动词作定语——关系分析法思维定向典题试做解题原则
1.2020-全国卷II Theyrepresent theearth____________come backto life1动词一ing形式作定语表and bestwishes fornew beginnings.示主动、正在进行;
2.2021-成都市一诊Even today,2若表示被动且正在发生
1.动词一ing形people____________suffer under的动作用being done结构式作定语COVID—19arc stillinspired byDu Fus3表示心理状态的动词poems.—ing形式的形容词,意为
3.2021•日照市5月校际联考Ifs a“令人……的very_____________worry pictureof riskand urgentneed foraction.1动词一ed形式作定语表
4.2021•蚌埠市第四次质量检查The示被动、完成national voluntarytree—planting campaign,
2.动词一ed形2动词一cd形式的形容______________________launch in式作定语词,意为“人感到……China in1981,has seenvolunteers plant76的”,也可修饰体现内心感billion treesacross thecountry since then.受的look,expression,build之间是被动关系,故用一般过去时的被动语态[尝试解答]was builtNo.2解题规则——再确定作何种谓语■技法一提示词为动词时,确定时态的4根据思维定向典题试做解题原则
1.2021•江西省九校联考In the first认清常考时态的标志性时间century,many peoplein RomanEmpire状语__________________work1看到often,usually,always,underground inmines tosupport theirevery time,sometimes等时间families.状语,要想到用一般现在时
2.2021•渭南市高三教学质量检2看到yesterday,last year,in测At theedge ofthe TibetanPlateau,2020,the otherday,two daysSichuan_____________attract aago,-段时间+later等时间状large number of travelersover theyears.语,要想到用-•般过去式
1.慧眼识别
3.2021-江西省红色七校第二次联3看至lj tomorrow,next year,标志词考This isfor theseventh nationalin aweek,in thefuture,soon等population census人口普查.China时间状语,要想到用一般将conduct anational surveyevery10来时years since the1990s.4看至I]at thismoment,at
4.2021-辽宁省“名校交流”3月联present,now等时间状语,要考That promisemaybeyears away from想到用现在进行时realization butrapid typingenabled by5看到since,recently,lately,bioprinting atpresent pushmedical already,in the last/past fewadvances forwardat pace.years,so far/up tonow,for+时
5.2021-河南省高考适应性练间段,ever since...等时间状习Since December2001,it语,要想到tears,smile,voice等名词
5.2021•泰安市高考全真模拟A video___________postonline showsthree tourists,two womenand aman,are scrawlingon thewall ofBadaling sectionoftheGreat Wallat around1pm.
6.2021-河南省高考适应性练习As darknessfalls,the bestplace witnessthecity ison thewall,where onecant helpbut imaginethe distantpast.1看到由序数词或形容词
7.2021•山东潍坊二模Frcud was one最高级修饰的名词代词常ofthe first scientists_____________用不定式作定语make seriousresearch ofthe mind.The2看到由the only,the last,mind isthe collectionof activitiesbase thenext等修饰的名词代in the词常用不定式作定语
3.不定式brain thatinvolve howwe act,think,feel3看到被修饰的名词代作定语and reason.词是ability,attempt,
8.2020-天津7月卷Vinnic confirmedchance,desire,eagerness,her ability____________make a full potential,reason»right,—length statueby highlightingthe heavysomething,anything,time,labor shehad donebefore.way,wish等词时,常用不
9.
2021.南昌市二模COVID-19has定式作定语the potential____________wipe outdifferent kindsof apesif humansdont takesteps toprevent itsspread.答案
1.coming[考查非谓语动词句意它们代表着大地的复苏和对新开端的美好祝愿句中谓语动词为represent,所以空格处为非谓语动词逻辑主语earlh与come backto life之间为逻辑上的主谓关系,所以用现在分词作后置定语]
2.suffering[考查非谓语动词句意即使到了今天,遭受着新冠的人们仍然受到杜甫诗歌的启发本句已有谓语are inspired且无连词,其它动词用非谓语形式,名词people和动词suffer是逻辑上的主谓关系,用现在分词doing表主动,做名词people的后置定语]
3.worrying[考查非谓语动词句意这是一幅非常令人担忧的风险景象,迫切需要采取行动修饰后文名词picture,应用一ing结尾的形容词worrying,作定语]
4.launched[考查非谓语动词句意1981年中国发起了全国性的自愿植树运动,自那时以来,志愿者们在全国植树760亿棵分析句子结构可知此处用作定语,因其所修饰的名词campaign与launch之间是被动关系,所以应用过去分词作定语]
5.posted[考查非谓语动词句意网上发布的一段视频显示,下午1点左右,三名游客两女一男正在长城八达岭段的墙上涂鸦句中有谓语动词show,post发布是非谓语作后置定语,posl和vide是被动关系,用过去分词]
6.to witness[考查非谓语动词分析句子结构可知此处用作定语,因其所修饰的名词前有最高级修饰,所以应用不定式作定语]
7.to make;based[考查非谓语动词句意弗洛伊德是最早对思维进行认真研究的科学家之一思维是大脑活动的集合,涉及我们的行动,思维,感觉和推理方式分析句子结构可知,空格处应填非谓语动词由空前的the first可知,应用动词不定式作定语,故填to make;第二空格base与activities之间为被动关系,故用过去分词作定语]
8.to make[考查非谓语动词句意Vinnie通过强调她以前做过的繁重的劳动来证实她制作全身塑像的能力抽象名词ability后常用不定式作后置定语]
9.to wipe[考查非谓语动词句意如果人类不采取措施阻止COVID-19的传播,COVID-19有可能消灭各种类人猿表示“有可能做某事为have thepotential todosth,所以空处为动词不定式作后置定语,修饰potentialo]妙法4非谓语动词作状语——逻辑关系法思维定向典题试做解题原则
1.2019-全国卷III Onthelastday ofour week-long stay,we wereinvited toattend a句子的主语是分词动作的private concertonabeautiful farmon the发出者,就用动词一ing形North Shoreunder thestars,listen to式doing
1.动词一ing musiciansand meetinginteresting locals.⑴表伴随、时间或条件等形式作状语
2.2021-云南师范大学附中适应性考试要用现在分词;Music hasno obviousadaptive function,2自然而然的结果用现在make scientistswho studymusic wonder分词what forcesoriginally gaverise toit.
3.2021-江西省重点中学盟校第一次联考____________compare withtodays bestsupercomputers,Jiuzhang cancalculate句子的主语是分词动作的100,000billion timesfaster.
2.动词一ed承受者,则要用动词一形式作状语
4.2021-山东高考模拟ed形式doneo卷___________follow bya weddingphotographer,the couplemade asurprise visit to thehospital beforeheading to the reception.
5.2021•江西省九校高三下学期联考Due1不定式可以用作目的状totheoutbreak ofthenovelcoronavirus语pneumonia NCP,people allover theworld2only todosth为不定式作
3.不定式are wearingmasks__________________结果状语,表示出乎意料的作状语reduce the risk ofinfection.结果
6.He gotup earlyand hurriedtothebus3形容词或动词一cd形式station,only_____________find the作表语时,后接不定式early trainhad gone.作状语常见词有:happy,
7.2019-全国卷I Modemmethods oflucky,anxious,proud,tracking polarbear populationshave beendisappointed,surprised,employed onlysincethemid—1980s,and arcdelighted,foolish,pleased,expensive________________perform fortunate等consistently overa largearea.4牢记“主语+系动词+表
8.全国卷II Thegovernment encourages语形容词+todo”句式,不定式的主动形式表示被farmers togrow corninstead ofrice improve动意义water quality.答案
1.listening[考查非谓语动词分析句子结构可知,此处应填非谓语动词形式与and后面的现在分词meeting并列,主语we与listen之间是主动关系,故用现在分词短语作状语]
2.making[考查非谓语动词句意音乐没有明显的适应功能,这使得研究音乐的科学家们想知道是什么力量最初导致了音乐的产生分析句子结构可知make在句中应用非谓语动词形式,与上文整个句子构成主动关系,故应用现在分词形式作结果状语]
3.Compared[考查非谓语动词句意与当今最好的超级计算机相比,九章的计算速度快了10万亿倍分析句子可知,句中有谓语动词“calculate且句中无连词,故应用compare的非谓语动词,主语Jiuzhang与compare之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,故应用过去分词作状语]
4.Followed[考查非谓语动词分析句子结构可知,句中已经有谓语动词made,逻辑主语the couple与follow之间是被动关系,故用过去分词作状语]
5.to reduce[考查非谓语动词句意由于新型冠状病毒肺炎的爆发,世界各地的人们都戴口罩,以降低感染风险分析句子结构可知reduce在句中应用非谓语动词形式,此处作目的状语应用不定式]
6.to find[考查非谓语动词find是意料之外的结果,故应用动词不定式作状语]
7.to perform[考查非谓语动词此处是“主语+be+形容词+不定式结构,用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义]
8.to improve[考查非谓语动词句意为了提高水的质量,政府鼓励农民种植玉米而不是水稻此处为不定式作目的状语]妙法5非谓语动词作宾祠-----固定搭配法思维定向典题试做解题原则
1.2020-浙江1月卷Something significantis happeningtotheworld population一it isaging.The median中常用不定式作宾语补足语的位数的age ofan Americanin1950was动词有tell,order,allow,
1.不定式作宾30—today it is41and is expected permit,enable,persuade,语补足语___________increase to42by
2050.force,warn,encourage,
2.2021-海南中学高三第五次模inspire,expect等拟What thescientists didon Change—5paid off at last,which inspiresmore and more Chinesepeople devotethemselves tofurther spaceresearch.
3.天津卷改编1need anew passportso Iwill haveto havemy photograph•have sb/sth doing让某人/___________take.某物一直做
2.have的固
4.During theQin Dynasty,to keepthe•have sthdone让某事被做定用法enemy outof hisempire,Emperor Qin•have sbdosth让某人做某Shihuang hadall walls_____________事join up.
5.2020-全国卷II Theymakegreat1动词一诅8形式作宾语giftsandyouseethemmanytimes
3.分词作宾语补足语表示主动、进行;___________decoratewith red补足语2动词一cd形式作宾语补envelopesandmessagesofgood足语表示被动、完成;fortune.常用动词一ed形式作宾
6.2020-全国卷III改编Instead,one语补足语的动词有have,activist,dressed inafull—body make,get,find,see,notice,monkey suit,had arrivedwith a sign watch,hear,feel,want,like___________praise thefilm makers.等
7.At theparty,the prettygirl worea veryattractive skirtto makeherself___________notice.答案
1.to increase[考查非谓语动词分析句子结构可知,句中已有谓语isexpected,且空格处不作并列谓语,故此处应用非谓语动词be expectedtodosth“被期望做某事是固定用法,不定式作宾语补足语]
2.to devote[考查非谓语动词句意科学家们在嫦娥五号上所做的最终得到了回报,它激励着越来越多的中国人致力于进一步的太空研究结合句意表示“激励某人做某事”可知短语为inspire sbtodosth]
3.taken[考查非谓语动词句意我需要一个新护照,因此我得照张相片宾语my photograph与take之间为被动关系,have sthdone“让某事被做”为固定用法,因此用过去分词作宾语补足语]
4.joined[考查非谓语动词句意在秦朝时,为了御敌于国门之外,秦始皇下令将所有的城墙修筑起来宾语all walls与had之间为被动关系,have sthdone“让某事被做为固定用法,因此用过去分词作宾语补足语
15.decorated[考查非谓语动词句中them指代前句中的orange trees,与decorate之间为被动关系,所以用过去分词作宾语补足语]
6.praising[考查非谓语动词asign作介词with的宾语,sign与praise之间为主谓关系,故用现在分词作宾语补足语]
7.noticed[考查非谓语动词句意在晚会上,那个漂亮的女孩穿了一条很吸引人的裙子以引起注意make sbdone“使某人被……,为固定用法,故用过去分词作宾语补足语][对点练]即学即练巩固•练透练全练通2021-湖北省武汉市五月供题A totalof32short videoswon awardsat the finals ofthe secondForeigners on China contcst.Thc globalshort videocompetition
1.__________________________highlight foreignersperspectives角度onChinasaw thesubmission ofmore than400,0entries fromover100countries andregions.
2._____________________sponsor bythe ChinaInternational PublishingGroup,the competitionhad sevencategories andaccepted submissionsbetween July2019and August2020on suchthemes asmy favorite Chinese city
3.discovering Chinafrom outsideits borders.A selectionof2,673videos madeit tothe finalstage,following fourrounds ofassessment by18domestic andoverseas professionalsfrom
4.______________________________differ fields,including film and television production as well as
5.________________________communicate.A totalof50videos,filmed by42institutions andindividuals from21countries andregions,
6.____________________choose inthe finalleg ofthe competition.Gao Anming,editor—in—chief ofthe publishing group,
7._______________praise thevideo creatorsfor effectivelyconveying storiesabout Chinato overseasaudiences.The participantsdiscovered elements
8._______________can representcharacteristics ofChinese cultureand helpedpromote culturaland people—to—people
9.______________exchange,Gao said.Through thepublishinggroup,the award-winning videoswillbecovered byseven mediacompanies
10._______________________ten languages.【语篇解读】本文是新闻报道第二届Foreigners onChina大赛总决赛共有32段短片获奖文章对此次大赛进行了报道
1.highlighting[考查非谓语动词句意此次全球短片大赛突出了外国人对中国的看法,共有来自100多个国家和地区的40多万人参赛动词highlight意为“突出,强调,和谓语动词saw之间没有连词,所以应用非谓语形式,和主语competition构成主动关系,所以应用现在分词作后置定语]
2.Sponsored[考查非谓语动词句意本次大赛由中国国际出版集团主办,共分七个类别,于2019年7月至2020年8月接受了“我最喜爱的中国城市和“从境外发现中国”等主题的参赛作品动词sponsor意为“主办”,和谓语动词之间没有连词,所以应用非谓语形式,和主语the competition之间构成被动关系,且动作已完成,所以应用过去分词作状语]
3.and[考查连词句意同上题myfavoriteChinesecity和discovering Chinafrom outsideits borders”属于并列关系,所以应用连词and]
4.different[考查词性转换句意经过18位来自影视制作和传播等不同领域的国内外专业人士的四轮评估,2673部影片最终进入决赛阶段修饰名词fields应用形容词形容词different意为“不同的]
5.communication[考查词性转换句意同上题根据filmandtelevisionproduction”可知,此处应用名词作宾语名词communication意为“传播,交流”]
6.were chosen[考查时态语态和主谓一致句意来自21个国家和地区的42家机构和个人共拍摄了50段视频,最终入选决赛根据“A selectionof2,673videos madeittothefinalstage n可知,此处讲述过去的事情,应用一般过去时动词choose和主语“A totalof50videos构成被动关系,且主语“A totalof50videos为复数]
7.praised[考查时态句意出版集团总编辑高安明称赞视频创作者有效地向海外观众传达了有关中国的故事根据“The participantsdiscovered elements、参与者发现了元素可知,此处描述过去的事情,应用一般过去时]
8.that/which[考查定语从句句意高安明说,参与者发现了能够代表中国文化特色的元素,有助于促进文化和人文交流在定语从句中缺少主语,且先行词为elements,指物,所以应用关系代词that或whicho]
9.exchanges[考查名词的数句意同上题名词exchange意为交流,为可数名词,此处为泛指,应用复数形式]
10.in[考查介词句意通过出版集团,获奖视频将由7家媒体公司以1种语言进行报道表示用某种语言应用介词in1B2021-厦门市第三次质量检测When itcomesto being fitand healthy,we,re oftenreminded
1.________________aim towalk10,000steps perday.This canbe afrustrating targetto achieve,especially whenwe rebusy withwork andother
2._____________commitment.However,recent researchfrom HarvardMedical Schoolhas shownthat,
3.__________average,approximately4,400steps aday isenough tosignificantly reducetherisk of deathin womcn.This was
4.______________itwascompared toonly walkingaround2,700steps daily.The moresteps peoplewalked,the
5._______________low theirriskofdying was,before levelingoffataround7,500steps perday.No
6.__________addition benefitswere seenwith moresteps.Although itsuncertain whethersimilar resultswould beseen inmen,its oneexample ofhow moving
7.__________little bitmore dailycan improvehealth andreduce riskof death.If youthink sittingatthedesk allday isbad and
8._________________simple wantto movemore,one easyway todo thatis toadd about2,00steps toyour currentstep count.Walking towork,
9._________________________take partin anonline exerciseprogram ormeeting withfriends fora walkalso
10.________________work toeasily getmore physicalactivity.【语篇解读】本文是说明文文章认为多走路对身体有好处,哈佛医学院最近的研究表明,平均每天大约4400步足以显著降低女性的死亡风险
1.to aim[考查非谓语动词句意当谈到身体健康时,我们经常被提醒每天步行10000步remind sbtodo意为提醒某人做某事,为固定搭配,此处用todo不定式作宾语补足语故填to aim]
2.commitments[考查词性转换句意这可能是一个令人沮丧的目标,尤其是当我们忙于工作和其他事情的时候commilment意为“不得不做的事”,为可数名词,在lher后应用名词复数形式]
3.on[考查介词句意然而,哈佛医学院最近的研究表明,平均每天大约4400步足以显著降低女性的死亡风险on average意为“平均,为固定搭配]
4.when[考查名词性从句句意这是与每天只走2700步相比的时候表语从句中不缺少主语、宾语或表语,根据句意可知,此处是指这是与每天只走2700步相比的时候,平均每天大约4400步足以显著降低女性的死亡风险所以应用when引导表语从句]
5.lower[考查比较等级句意人们走的步数越多,他们的死亡风险就越低,然后以每天7500步的速度平稳下来“the+比较级,the+比较级”意为“越……越……,为固定句式根据“The more”可知,此处应用比较级]
6.additional[考查词性转换句意没有看到更多步数带来的额外好处修饰名词benefits应用形容词形容词additional意为额外的]
7.a[考查冠词句意虽然不确定男性是否也会出现类似的结果,但这是一个例子,说明每天多运动一点可以改善健康,降低死亡风险根据“can improvehealth andreduce riskof death可知,此处是指每天多运动一点,所以应用固定搭配a littlebit表示“一点”o]
8.simply[考查词性转换句意如果你觉得整天坐在办公桌前不好,只是想多动一下,一个简单的方法就是在你现在的步数基础上增加大约2000步修饰动词want应用副词副词simply意为仅仅,只]
9.taking[考查非谓语动词句意步行上班、参加在线锻炼计划或与朋友见面散步也可以轻松地获得更多的体育活动根据“Walking towork”可知,此处应用动名词作主语]
10.works[考查时态和主谓一致此处描述客观事实,应用一般现在时并列主语用or连接时,主谓一致遵循就近原则meeting withfriends fora walk为动名词,所以谓语动词应用第三人称单数]___________beon theUNESCO用现在完成时World CulturalHeritage list.6看到by then,bytheend
6.2020-浙江7月卷By about6000BC,of...等时间状语,要想到用people_______________________过去完成时discover thebest cropstogrowand animalsto raise.1可根据并列连词and,
7.2020-江苏卷改编There,he not only but,or,rather than,did wellasastudent but also becomean neither...nor...,not only...but accomplishedpublic speaker.also...等前后的谓语动词形式
2.瞻前顾后
8.2020-全国卷IIIWhcn/As heasked确定所填谓语动词的时找并列the villagerson thebanks ofthe rivero wherehe couldfind thelegendary传奇2同一个主语的两个或两个的artist,they smiledand pointdown以上的并列谓语,谓语动词时the river.态要一致
9.2021-沈阳监测This was the first掌握常用句式也是解决时态time I____________experience问题快速且行之有效的方sandstorms andI dontever wanttobein式,因此平时要积累并熟记one again.一些常用句式如
10.天津卷1____________drive1was/were doingsth whensb downto LondonwhenIsuddenly founddid...
3.通过“常用that Iwasonthe wrongroad.2had justdone sth when+一句式”法
11.2021-梧州一模1say tohim with般过去时a cheerfulsmile,“Go toexercise andyou3This/It/That was the_______________feel better.first/second...time thatsb haddone...
12.2021-济宁模拟Therefore,itis high time thatwe____________4祈使句+and/or+陈述句,take effectivemeasures toimprove the陈述句用一般将来时current situation.th5at I.f.s.di hdi/g shh outilm ded
13.(2020-浙江7月卷)This styleof farminglasted forquite along timc.Thcn,分析句子结构,发现提示词with therise ofscience,changes作谓语,且没有标志性的时began.New methods(mean)that间状语和其他参照物都不明
4.通过“语境fewer peopleworked infarming.显的情况下,通过正确理解语暗示“法
14.(2021-江西省重点中学盟校第一境即通过题干中的语境暗示次联考)As aresult,asthenumber of解题,也是解决时态问题的qubits(量子位)__________一条行之有效的方法(increase),the computingability ofquantum computersrises too.答案
1.worked[考查时态句意在公元一世纪,罗马帝国的许多人为了养家糊口都在地下矿井里工作结合上文“In thefirst century”可知,应用一般过去时]
2.has attracted[考查时态和主谓一致句意四川地处青藏高原的边缘,多年来吸引了大量游客分析句子结构可知,空处为本句的谓语动词,结合时间状语over theyears可知,时态应为现在完成时,结构为have/has done,主语Sichuan为第三人称单数,谓语动词用单数形式,故填has attractedo]
3.has conducted[考查时态和主谓一致句意自上世纪90年代以来,中国每10年进行一次全国性调查根据后文sincethe1990s可知,应用现在完成时,主语为China,故助动词用has]
4.is pushing[考查时态和主谓一致句意这一前景可能还需要数年时间才能实现,但目前生物打印带来的快速打印功能正在推动医学进步的步伐表示动作目前正在进行,应用现在进行时,主语为rapid lyping,谓语动词用单数]
5.has been[考查时态和主谓一致根据句中的时间状语“since December2001可知,应用现在完成时;主语it是单数概念,谓语动词应用单数]
6.had discovered[考查时态分析句子成分可知,简单句中除了提示词外无其他谓语动词,且主语和提示词之间为主动关系,本句中时间标志词By about6000BC为“by+过去时间点结构,意为“到……为止,句子应该用过去完成时]
7.became[考查时态分析句子结构可知,not only与but also连接的是两个并列谓语,not only后用了一般过去时did,but also后也应该使用一般过去时became o]
8.pointed[考查时态分析句子结构可知,and连接并列谓语,根据上文they smiled,可知此处应用一般过去时,故填pointed0]
9.had experienced[考查时态此题为固定句式This wasthefirsttime thatsb haddone sth”因此,从句用过去完成时]
10.was driving[考查时态句意我正开车去伦敦,这时突然发现自己走错了路此题考查固定句式“be doingsthwhen...”,表示“正在做某事时突然……]
11.will feel[考查时态此题为固定句式祈使句+and/or4-陈述句,陈述句用一般将来时]
12.took/shouldtake[考查时态句意因此,采取一些必要措施来改善这种情况已经是当务之急的时候了此处考查固定句式It,shightimethat...did/should dosth”o]
13.meant[考查时态结合句意可知,New methods与mean是主谓关系,同时前两句的时态为一般过去时,故填meanto]
14.increases[考查时态和主谓一致句意因此,随着量子位的增加,量子计算机的计算能力也随之提高根据句意可知,句子为as引导的时间状语从句,句子陈述的是客观事实,应用一般现在时,increase意为增加”,句中uthe numberof意为……的数量”,后接名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数,故应填increaseso]■技法二提示词为动词时,明确逻辑关系定语态确定谓语动词的语态,分析语境,弄明白所给动词与其对应的主语之间的逻辑关系是确定谓语动词语态的关键如果所给动词的主语是这个动词动作的执行者,该动词就用主动语态;若所给动词的主语是这个动词动作的承受者,该动词就用被动语态思维定向典题试做解题原则
1.依据逻辑关
1.(2021-成都市一诊)Bom in712,Du动词的语态一般和时态放Fu livedthrough theviolent fallof Chinas系,辨析主动在一起进行考查做好此类brilliant TangDynasly.He hadthe desireto或被动试题,考生需要掌握以下几serve hiscountry,but his life destroyby点the An1分析句子结构,发现提Lushan Rebellionof
755.示词作谓语,若与主语之间
2.2020-浙江1月卷People tendto是主动关系,应考虑用主动focus onthefirstfactor.However,greater语态,若是被动关系则考虑attention shouldplace onlongevity长用被动语态寿.2被动语态的基本形式
3.2021-湖北省黄冈市4月调为bc+过去分词,情态动词+be doneo研Moreover,knowledge hasbecome more3做题步骤一般分为两andmorecomplicated andit cant步先考虑语态,再考虑时___________understand ifwe donot态practice itagain andagain.4主谓一致常和动词的时
4.2020-浙江7月卷Farming produced态、语态放在一起考查more foodper personthan huntingand gathering,so peoplewere ableto raisemore children.And,as morechildren wereborn,more food__________________need.
5.The bookwhich werewritten byZhou Meisen,a famouswriter in提示词作谓语,且表示的是
2.牢记主动表Jiangsu,_____________sell well.主语所具有的特征时,应考被动含义句式
6.The bookswhich werewritten by虑用主动形式表示被动含结构Zhou Meisen,a famouswriter in义Jiangsu,_____________sell outhere.答案
1.was destroyed[考查时态语态和主谓一致句意他有报效祖国的愿望,但755年的安史之乱毁了他的生命此处缺乏谓语,由时间状语the AnLushan Rebellionof755可知,时态用一般过去时,主语his life和谓语destroy是被动关系,用一般过去时的被动语态was/were done,主语hislife是单数,谓语也用单数形式]
2.be placed[考查语态由短语place greaterattention on可知,attention与place之间是被动关系,故用被动语态]
3.be understood[考查语态和主谓一致句意此外,知识已经变得越来越复杂,如果我们不一次又一次地实践它,它是不可能被我们理解的此处主语与谓语动词构成被动关系,且can、后跟动词原形故填be understoodo]
4.was needed[考查时态语态结合句意出生的孩子越多,需要的粮食就越多”可知,more food与need构成被动关系,且文章的基本时态为一般过去时,故填was needed®]
5.sell[考查语态和主谓一致根据句意可知,sell在此处表示事物所具有的特征,意为“卖得好,畅销应用主动形式表示被动含义,同时,本句主语books是复数形式,故填sello]
6.have beensold[考查时态语态和主谓一致根据句意可知,sell在此处强调动作,指书“已经卖完,应用现在完成时的被动语态又因主语books是复数形式,故填have beensold]■技法三提示词为动词时,确定主谓一致的三原则思维定向典题试做解题原则1由分数、百分数或者
1.2019-天津卷改编Amy,as wellas hersome,a part of等修饰时,要brothers,________give awarm根据所修饰的名词确定谓语welcome whenreturning tothe villagelast动词的单复数
1.语法一week.2分析句子结构,发现提示致原则
2.2020-新高考卷I Often»only asmall词作谓语,看到主语后跟有part ofa museums collection beonwith,together with,as wellas,display.Most ofitisstored awayor usedfor like,but,except,along with,research.rather than,including,in additionto等引导的短语时,要考虑谓语动词的数与前面的主语保持一致1分析句子结构,发现提示
3.2021-咸阳市高考模拟Evcn though词作谓语,看到主语由there_____________be moreor,either...or...,opportunities togo outand dofun thingsinthecity,it maytake focusawayfromyour neither...nor...,not only...but studies.also...,not...but...等连接时,
2.就近一致
4.Not onlythe studentsbut alsotheir要考虑就近原则确定谓语动原则teacher____________move deeplyby词的单复数the movingstory.2分析句子结构,发现提示
5.As amatter offact,not onlythe students词作谓语,看到there,here引but alsothe teacherwish fora relaxing起的主语不止一个时,谓语holiday.动词的数通常和最邻近的主语保持一致
6.2021-湖北省黄冈市4月调1由连词and连接的并列成研Practicing,to sumup,_____________分指的是同一概念,兼具身be ofgreatest importancefor thosewho are份或匹配出现不可分割的整
3.意义一determined tolearn knowledgewell.体时,谓语动词用单数致原则
7.Our schoolis carryingonareform in2非谓语动词、名词性从句education and each boyand eachgirl作主语时,谓语动词一般用have accesstoatable computeraswell单数astheInternet.答案
1.was given[考查时态语态和主谓一致句意埃米和她的兄弟们上周回到村里时受到了热烈的欢迎°AaswellasB作主语时,谓语动词的数由A,也就是本题中的Amy决定;由last week可知give表示的动作发生在过去,且Amy与give是被动关系,故填was givenoJ
2.is[考查时态和主谓一致根据时间状语often可知该句应用一般现在时,设空处为谓语动词,主语为only asmall partofamuseumscollection,是单数形式,故填iso J
3.are[考查时态和主谓一致句意即使在城市里有更多的外出和做有趣的事情的机会,这可能会分散你学习的注意力陈述的是客观事实,用一般现在时,根据there be句型中的主语more opportunities可知应用are]
4.was moved[考查语态和主谓一致句意不仅学生,老师也被这个故事深深地打动了□notonly...butalso...并列主语时根据就近一致原则确定谓语动词用单数,move与主语their teacher是被动关系,故填was moved]
5.wishes[考查主谓一致句意事实上,不仅仅是学生,老师也希望有个放松的假期根据就近一致的原则,应该填wisheso]
6.is[考查时态和主谓一致句意总之,对于那些决心学好知识的人来说,实践是最重要的句子陈述客观事实用一般现在时,主语为Practicing,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式]
7.has[考查时态和主谓一致句意我们学校进行教育改革,每个男孩和女孩都有机会使用电脑以及互联网根据并列句的时态可知,此处应用一般现在时;根据意义一致的原则,each boyandeachgirl作主语,谓语动词用单数,故填has][对点练]即学即练巩固•练透练全练通A2021-唐山市二模For muchof history,reading wasa fairlynoisy activity.Today,however,the majorityof usread thewords inour headsas if
1.___________________sit ina library.Recent studiesprovide ampleevidence
2._______________the ancientartofreading aloudhas anumberofbenefits,from helpingimprove ourmemories
3.________________strengthening emotionalbonds betweenpeople.According tothe researchontheimpacts ofreading onmemory,people consistentlyremember wordsand texts
4._______________________well if reading themaloud thanifreading them silently.This phenomenonhas beennamed theproduction effect,which meansthat producing
5.___________________write words一namely,readingthemout。