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二轮拔高卷04-【赢在高考•黄金20卷】备战2022年高考英语模拟卷上海专用解析版I.Listening ComprehensionSection A1分Directions:In Section A,you willhear tenshort conversationsbetween twospeakers.At theend ofeach conversation,a questionwill be asked aboutwhat wassaid.The conversationsand the questions will be spokenonly once.After youhear aconversation and the question about it,read the four possibleanswers onyour paper,and decide which one is diebest answer to thequestion you have heard.
1.A.By car.B.By subway.C.By shuttlebus.D.By air.【答案】C【听力材料】M:Would youlike meto giveyou aride to the airportThe subwaysystem hasbroken down.W:Its verykind ofyou,but there is ashuttle service.Q:How willthe womanmost probablygel to the airport
2.A.The mansuniversity tour.B.The mansuniversity life.C.The manstour to a lake.D.The mansimpression of a university.【答案】A【听力材料】W:I heardyou madea lourof PearlLake universitylast Sunday.M:Yes,wc arrivedat8oclock,and thentwo seniorstudents showedus aroundthe campus.Wc weredeeply impressed.Q:What arethe speakers mainly talking about
3.A.The womanwants togo hikingagain.B.The womantook herpet to the hiking.C.The womanskitchen neededcleaning.D.The womanscat wasill.【答案】D【听力材料】W:1missed hehiking Iasiweek.I had to lakemy kittento heclinic.M:What apity!Is sheall rightnow Q:What can be learnedfrom theconversation
4.A.He willgraduate froma universityin Nantong.B.He comes from Nantong.C.He has got a job in Nantong.D.He has been seekinga jobinNantong.【答案】B-J【听力材料】W:Are yougoing backto Nantongafter graduationnext monthM:I thinkso.After Igraduate.Til goback homeand tryo getajobthere.Q:What canbe learnedabout the man
5.A.Pitiful.B.Relieved.C.Indifferent.D.Grateful.【答案】B【听力材料】M:Have yougot anynews about the mountainclimbers W:The rescueteam foundthem Thankgoodness.They survivedthe cold.sec thisWigner crystal.In anSTM,a metaltip hoversabove thesurface of a sample,and an55causes electronsto jumpdown from the tip,creating an electric current.
41.A.conditions B.situations C.environments D.circumstances
42.A.item B.thing C.material D.article
43.A.cube B.solid C.structure D.dimension
44.A.occasionally B.surprisingly C.indirectly D.directly
45.A.scientist B.theorist C.predictor D.fantasist
46.A.potently B.absolutely C.definitely D.convincingly
47.A.observing B.containing C.watching D.undertaking
48.A.significantly B.obviously C.tiny D.inconspicuously
49.A.magnetic fieldB.force C.attraction D.repulsion
50.A.interrelations B.arrangements C.requirements D.pairs
51.A.sphere patternB.cylinder patternC.honeycomb patternD.corn pattern
52.A.heating B.cooling C.speeding D.slowing
53.A.within B.between C.among D.through
54.A.speed upB.stop C.settle downD.calm down
55.A.light B.voltage C.energy D.ion【文章大意】这是一篇说明文文章介绍了物理学家发现的物质内部电子结构以及其运行方式
41.【答案】A【解析】考查名词词义辨析句意如果条件正确的话,•些物质内部的电子将会自己形成一个整洁的蜂巢状结构一就像固体中有一个固体A.conditions条件;B.situations情况;C.environments环境;D,circumstances情况分析文章内车可知,物质内部的电子要形成一个稳定的蜂窝状结构的前提是要有一个正确的条件,故选Ao
42.【答案】C【解析】考查名词词义辨析句意如果条件正确的话,一些物质内部的电子将会自己形成一个整洁的蜂巢状结构一就像固体中有一个固体A.item项目B.thing事情C.material物质;D.article文章根据“some of the electronsinside”内容可知,只有物质的内部才有电子,故选C
43.【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析句意如果条件正确的话,一些物质内部的电子将会自己形成一个整洁的蜂巢状结构一就像固体中有一个固体A.cube方块;B.solid固体;C.structure结构;D.dimension尺寸根据上文arrange themselves into a tidy honeycomb pattern(蜂巢状结构)以及常识可知,蜂窝状结构出现在蜂窝中,而蜂窝是•个固体故选B
44.【答案】D【解析】考查副词词义辨析句意物理学家们现在已经直接成像了这些“维格纳晶体,以匈牙利出生的理论家尤金•维格纳的名字命名,他在大约90年前第一次想象了这些晶体A.occasionally偶尔地;B.surprisingly惊讶地;C.indirectly间接地;D.directly直接地前文提到,如果条件正确的话,在物质内部的电了将形成蜂窝状结构由此判断现在的物理学家己经能够直接将这种结构形成图像,故选D
45.【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析句意物理学家们现在已经直接成像了这些“维格纳晶体,以匈牙利出生的理论家尤金•维格纳的名字命名,他在大约90年前第一次设想了这些晶体A.scientist科学家;B.theorist理论家;C.predictor预言家D.fantasist幻想家后文提到“Eugene Wigner,who firstimagined themalmost90years ago.”(他在大约90年前第一次设想了这些晶体),由此判断90年前,并有没有办法形成现实由此判断尤金•韦格纳是-名理论家故选B
46.【答案】D【解析】考查副词词义辨析句意研究人员已经令人信服地创造出了维格纳品体,并测量了它们的性质,但这是第一次有人真正地拍下这个模式的快照,研究合著者,加州大学伯克利分校的物理学家王峰说A.potently有说服力地;B.absolutely绝对地;C.definitely肯定地;D.convincingly令人信服地后文提到this is the first time that anyone has actually taken a snapshot of thepattems,,(就是第一次有人真正地拍卜•了这个模式的快照)通过拍摄出来的照片一事可知,维格纳晶体己经被创造出来的,这一点是可以令人信服的故选D
47.【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析句意为了制造维格纳晶体,王的团队制造了一个设备,其中包含原子薄层的两种类似半导体:二硫化钙和二硒化鸨A.observing观察;B.containing包含;C.watching注视;D.undertaking承担后文提到两种半导体分别为二硫化物和联俩化物,由此判断,这两种类似半导体是存在于这个设备中的故选B
48.【答案】D【解析】考查副词词义辨析句意在普通材料中,电子的旋转速度太快,以至于它们的负电荷之间的排斥力很难对其产生难以察觉到的影响A.significantly显著地;B.obviously明显地;C.tiny极小的;D.inconspicuously难以察觉地后文提到“But Wignerpredicted that if electionstravelled slowlyenough,that repulsionwould beginto dominatetheir behavior.”(但维格纳预测,如果电子运动足够慢,这种排斥力将开始主导它们的行为)由此判断电子运动的快的话,这种排斥力将无法主导他们的行为,即无法对他们产生难以察觉到的影响,故选Do
49.【答案】D【解析】考查名词词义辨析句意在普通材料中,电子的旋转速度太快,以至于它们的负电荷之间的排斥力很难对其产生难以察觉到的影响A.magnetic field磁场B.force力量:C.attraction吸引力;D.repulsion排斥力后文提到But Wignerpredicted thatif electronstravelled slowlyenough,that repulsionwould beginto dominatetheir behavior.(但维格纳预测,如果电了运动足够慢,这种排斥力将开始主导它们的行为)由此判断电子运动过程中会产生排斥力故选D
50.【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析句意然后,电子会找到使总能量最小的排列方式,例如蜂窝状结构A.interrelations相互关系;B.arrangements安排排列;C.requirements请求;D.pairs一双;一对第一段第一句提到some of the electronsinside a...will arrangethemselves intoa tidyhoneycomb pattern(一些物质内部的电子将会把它们自己排列成为蜂窝状结构),由此判断,电子有自己的排列方式故选B
51.【答案】C【解析】考查名词词义辨析句意然后,电子会找到使总能量最小的排列方式,例如蜂窝状结构A.sphere pattern球型;B.cylinder pattern圆柱型;C.honeycomb pattern蜂窝型;D.corn pattern玉米型第一段第一*句提到“some of the electronsinside a...will arrangethemselves intoa tidyhoneycomb pattern(一些物质内部的电子将会把它们自己排列成为蜂窝状结构),由此判断,电子在物质内部会形成蜂窝状结构故选C
52.【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析句意因此,Wang和他的同事们通过将电子冷却到绝对零度以上几度来减慢电子的速度A.heating加热;B.cooling冷却;C.speeding加速;D.slowing减慢根据后文“a fewdegrees aboveabsolute zero”提到温度达到了绝对零度以上,由此判断需要使用降温冷却的方式才能达到故选B
54.【答案】C【解析】考查动词词组辨析句意这种重复的模式产生了能量稍低的区域,这有助「电子稳定下来A.speed叩加速;B.stop停止;C.settle down稳定;D.calm down镇定下来第三段最后两句提到The electronswould thenfind.....it toa fewdegrees aboveabsolute zero.(然后,电子会找到使总能屈最小的排列方式,例如蜂窝状结构因此,Wang和他的同事们通过将电子冷却到绝对零度以上几度来减慢电子的速度)电子排列成整齐结构时的能量需求较少,且物理学家会通过降温冷却的方式来减慢电子的速度从而电子稳定下来故选C
55.【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析句意在STM中可以观察到,一个金属尖端悬停在样品表面上,电压使电子从尖端跳下来,产生电流A.light光;B.voltage电压;C.energy能量;D.ion离了后文提到“creating anelectric current.”(产生电流),由此判断只有在有电压的情况下才能产生电流故选B SectionB(共11题,每小题2分,满分22分)Directions:Read the following threepassages.Each passageis followedby severalquestions orunfinished statements.For each of themthere are four choicesmarked A,B,C andD.Choose theone thatfits bestaccording to the informationgiven in the passageyou havejust read.A Revealingthe sourceof Jupitersx-ray auroralflares AbstractJupiters rapidlyrotating,strong magnetic field providesa naturallaboratory thatis keyto understandingthe dynamics(动力学)of high-energy plasmas(等离子体).Spectacular auroral(极光的)X-ray flares(耀斑)are diagnosticof the most energeticprocesses governingmagnetospheres butseemingly uniqueto Jupiter.Since their discovery40years ago,the processes that produce Jupiters X-ray flareshave remainedunknown.Here,we reportsimultaneous(同时的)in situsatellite andspace-based telescopeobservations thatreveal theprocesses thatproduce Jupiters X-ray flares,showing surprisingsimilarities toterrestrial ion aurora.Planetary-scale electromagneticwaves areobserved tomodulate(调节)electromagnetic ioncyclotron waves,periodically causingheavy ionsto precipitateand produceJupitersX-ray pulses.Our findingsshow thation auroraeshare commonmechanisms acrossplanetary systems,despite temporal,spatial,and energeticscales varyingby orders of magnitude.INTRODUCTION Aurorae,observed fromplanetary polarregions acrossthe solarsystem,arc displaysof lightthat areproduced whenenergetic particlesprecipitate alongmagnetic fieldlines andtransfer theirenergy to the atmosphere.Jupiters softx-ray auroraearc producedby energetic(MeV)(电子伏)]heavy ions(S andO),originally from the moonIo*s(木卫一的)volcanic activities.The dynamicX-ray emissionsoften pulsewith aregular beatofa few tensof minutes.The spectacularquasi-periodic准周期性A勺auroral pulsationsat Jupiterhave alsobeen obsenedin ultravioletUV,infrared,and radio emissions.The X-ray auroraeare predominatelyconfined主要局K艮于to theregion polewardof Jupitersmain aurora,connecting toJupiters outer magnetosphere viamagneticfieldlines.The mappingof theemissions leadsto thesuggestion that the particleprecipitations weredriven bymagnetic reconnection.However,observations showthat the x-ray pulsationslast for several Jupiterdays orlonger,evidencing that the drivermay not be atransient processlike magneticreconnection.To date,40years aftertheirdiscovery,the mechanismsthat causethese X-ray auroraeremain unknown.Simultaneous measurementsof themagnetospheric environmentand the auroral emissionsare criticalto revealingtheir drivingmechanisms.Here,we presentobservations of Jupiters uniquex-ray auroraewith simultaneous in situ measurements from the magnetosphere.In thisstudy,wc reveal the physicaldriver fbrJupiters pulsatingx-ray emissionsby analyzingsimultaneousin situ measurements from Junoand remotespectroscopic imagingby XMM-Newton telescopeXMM,牛顿卫星during16and17July
2017.XMMs EuropeanPhoton ImagingCamera EPIC-pn andMOS instrumentsprovided spatial,spectral,and timingdata of Jupiter for a continuous26-hour~
2.6Jupiter rotationsobservation from18:26UT on16July to22:13UT on17July,which wasshifted toaccount for the~46-min lighttravel limebetween Jupiterand Earth.This XMMobsen-ation wasplanned tocoincide with the timewhen NASAsJuno spacecraftwas movingfrom62to68RJ1RJ=71492km radiallyaway1romthe planet in the SouthernHemisphere in the predawnsector between~400and0430magnetospheric localtime MET.Ionosphere-magnetosphere电离层mapping fromprevious observationssuggested that the originsofJupitersX-ray auroral pulsations occurredat thesedistances fromthe planet.Juno providedcontemporaneous同时发生白勺in situmeasurementsfromthe plasma sheet onlywhen Jupitersnorth magneticpole tiltedto Earth.Therefore,we focus on thenorthern aurora,for whichJunos in situmeasurementsdetail whatwas happeningin theplasmasheetduring the X-ray pulses.At Jupiter,the analysisof thesecomparisons betweenin situand remotesensing observationsis morecomplex thanat Earth.At Earth,during the time scale of anauroral event,typically tensof minutes,a spacecraftin theterrestrial magnetosphereusually travelslittle e.g.,hundreds ofkilometers incomparison to the spatialscaleofa magnetosphericevent e.g.,several Earthradii thatwould causea largeauroral brighteningso thatthis in situ spacecraftcould bemagnetically connectedto theaurora regionover thefull aurorallifetime.This is not truefor Jupiter,because thefootprint of theaurorawhich isrotating withJupiter withrespect toJunos locationchanges substantiallyduring anobservation.There arealso substantialtravel times a fewlens ofminutes alonghe magneticfield expectedfromtheoutermagnetosphereto theJovian aurora.Therefore,the correlationbetween a single outermagnetosphere eventin Jupitersinsitumeasurements and a singleauroral pulsecannot beexpected on a one-to-one levelbasis.Instead,a seriesof successiveevents arerequired to draw reliablecareful correlations,with the regular periodicity of the x-ray flares,providing aninvaluable diagnosticsignature of the sourceprocess.{Adaptedfrom anessay onScience.)
56.What doesthe essayfocusonA.The X-ray pulseshappening on Jupiter.B.The formationof theaurora in the poleofJupiter.C.The waysto teachpeople how to appreciateauroras.D.The processof detectingtheX-ray pulseson Jupiter.
57.What willthe authorpresent in the nextcontent of the essayA.Their conclusions.B.Their measureto dothe research.C.Discussion ofsome problemsof preciseness.D.Their acknowledgements.
58.The word^infrared5is underlinedand inItalics.What is the meaningof theword A.辐射B.红外线技术的C.太阳风D.红外线
59.Which of the followingsis NOTTRUE aboutthe auroralflares on Jupiter A.The strongmagnetic is a goodbreakthrough pointto researchthe auroralflares.B.The X-ray pulseswil]last forseveral days onJupiter.C.The softX-rays arecaused byhigh-energy ions.D.The X-ray pulsesbeat regularonJupiter.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文主要揭示了木星X射线极光耀斑的来源
56.【答案】A【解析】推理判断题根据文章“Abstract^摘要)部分的介绍Here,we reportsimultaneous(同时的)insitusatellite andspace-based telescopeobsenations thatrevealtheprocessesthatproduceJupitersX-ray flares,showing surprisingsimilarities toterrestrial ion aurora.(在这里,我们报告同时在现场卫星和太空望远镜的观测,揭示了木星x射线耀斑的产生过程,显示出惊人的类似于地球上的离子极光)可知文章主要介绍了发生在木星上的X射线脉冲故选Ao
57.【答案】A【解析】推理判断题根据文章最后一段Therefore,the correlationbetween asingle outermagnetosphere eventin Jupitersinsitumeasurements andasingleauroral pulsecannot beexpected on a one-to-one levelbasis.Instead,a seriesof successiveevents arerequired todraw reliablecareful correlations,with(heregularperiodicityof thex-ray flares,providing aninvaluable diagnosticsignature of the sourceprocess/(因此,在木星的现场测量中,单个外部磁层事件与单个极光脉冲之间的相关性不能被期望一对一的基础上相反,需要一系列连续的事件来绘制可靠细致的相关性,X射线耀斑有规律的周期性,为源过程提供宝贵的诊断特征)可知作者将在文章的下一段内容中提出他们的诊断结论故选A
58.【答案】D【解析】词义猜测题根据文章第二段The spectacularquasi-periodic(准周期性的)auroralpulsationsat Jupiterhave alsobeen obsenedin ultraviolet(UV),infrared,and radioemissions.(木星上壮观的准周期性极光脉动也可以通过紫外线(UV)、_______和无线电发射观测到)可知划线处和ultraviolet(UV)(紫外线)、radioemissions(无线电)并列,可推知划线处同为射线故选D,
59.【答案】B【解析】推理判断题根据文章第二段However,observations showthat(hex-ray pulsationslast forseveral Jupiterdays orlonger,evidencing that the drivermay not be atransient processlike magneticreconnection.,,(然而,观测结果显示,x射线脉冲在木星上持续数天或更心时间,这表明驱动因素可能不是像磁重联那样的瞬态过程)可知x射线脉冲在木星上持续数天或更长时间B项The X-ray pulseswill lastforseveraldaysonJupiter.(X射线脉冲将在木星上持续数天)表达不符故选B BOnline coursesoffer peopleabundant opportunitiesto learn.Try some of theHarvard onlinecourses abouthumanities.The Pathto HappinessFrom Confucianismto Daoisni,the philosophiesdeveloped overtwo thousand years agoare among the mostpowerful inhuman history.This coursebrings voicesfromthe past intomodern contextsto explorethe pathtoagood lifetoday.Duration:June16,2021-February I,2022Fees:Free ofcharge Pace:Self-paced Difficulty:Introductory Introduction to the Ancient Greek World Thiscourse isabout ancientGreece withits uniqueplaces,ways oflife and historical changes.We surveythe most important socialinstitutions andcultural traditions.We alsostudy everydayfeatures such as foodand dress.Duration:June.21-November9,2021Fees:$3400+Pace:Insiructor-led Difficulty:Introductory Biotechnology and the Human GoodBiotechnology offersexciting andpromising prospectsfor healingthe sickand relievingthe suffering.In this course weconsider possiblefunctions beyondmedical treatmentslike makingpeople lookyounger,perform betterand becomeperfect.Duration:June21-August6,
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60.Which coursecan youtake if you arefree inDecember,2021A.The Pathto Happiness.B.Introductionto theAncientGreekWorld.C.Biotechnology and the HumanGood.D.SuperheroesandPower.
61.What doesBiotechnology andthe HumanGood dealwith A.Powers ofsuperheroes.B.Ways toincrease happiness.C.More usesof biotech.D.Clinical practicesof biotech.
62.What dothefourcourses havein commonA.They areof thesame level.B.They arefree ofcharge.C.They arcinstructor-lcd.D.They belongtothesame subject.【文章大意】这是一篇应用文文章介绍了哈佛大学的一些人文学科的在线课程
60.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题根据The Pathto Happiness部分Duration:June16,2021-June14,2022”可知,如果2021年12月你有空,你可以上“幸福之路”课程故选A
61.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题根据Biotechnology andthe HumanGood部分“Biotechnology offersexciting andpromising prospectsfor healingthe sickand relievingthe suffering.(生物技术为治愈病人和减轻痛苦提供了令人兴奋和有希望的前景)可知BiotechnologyandtheHumanGood研究的是更多地使用生物技术故选C
62.【答案】D[解析】细节理解题根据第一段“Online coursesoffers peopleabundant opportunitiesto leam.Try someof theHarvard onlinecourses abouthumanities.(网络课程为人们提供了大量的学习机会试试哈佛大学的一些人文学科的在线课程)结合四个课程的介绍,可知这四门课程的共同点是它们属于同一个学科故选D CDeo hadgrown upbarefoot inBurundi,but for a peasantboy he had donewell.He wastwenty-four.Until recentlyhe had been amedical student,for threeyears ator nearthe topof hisclass.But he had spentthe pastsix months on the run.He hadone friendwho hadseen moreof the world thanEast CentralAfrica,a fellowmedical studentnamed Jean.And itwas Jeanwho haddecided thatNew Yorkwas wherehe shouldgo.Deo wastraveling on a commercialvisa.Jeans Frenchfather hadwritten aletter identifyingDeo asan employeeonamission to America.He wassupposed to be going to New York tosell coffee.Deo hadread upon coffeebeans incase he was questioned.Jeairs fatherhad alsopaid for the planetickets.A fatbook letof tickets.He hadheard ofFrench soldiersbehaving badlyin Rwanda,and hadeven caughtglimpses of them trainingmilitiamen(民兵)in thecamps,but wakingup andseeing awhite personin thenext scatwasnt alarming.No onecalled hima cockroach(蝉螂).No oneheld amachete(大砍刀).A voicewas speakingto him.He tumedand sawa policemanwho seemedfriendly.Deo spoketo him in French,but the man shookhis headand smiled.He askeda questionin whatDeo guessedwas English.Then awoman who had beensitting nearbygot upand walkedover French,at longlast French,coining out of hermouth.Perhaps shecould help,the womansaid inFrench.Deo thought:God.Im stillin yourhands.She arrangedto sitnext to him on(he flightto New York andasked himlots ofquestions.Deo wantedto payher backfor helpinghim.So hetried toanswer herquestions.They talkedmost of the wayto New York.After suchlong solitude(独处),it feltwonderful totalk.When hereached Immigration the agentstared atDeos documents,then startedasking questionsin whathad to be English.There was nothing to do exceptsmile.The agentwent offand cameback with another man.He introducedhimself toDeo inFrench.His namewas Muhammad.He said he camefrom Senegal.Muhammad askedDeo the agents questionsand alsosome questionsof his own.For the agents,he askedDeo,Where areyou comingfiom WhenDeo saidhehadcome from Burundi,Muhammad madea painedface andsaid tohim inFrench,How didyou getout Therewasnotime evento attemptan answer.The agentswere askinganother question:Deos visasaidhewas hereon business.What businessSelling coffeebeans,Deo(old themthrough Muhammad.Just keepsmiling,Deo told himself.How muchmoney didhe haveTwo hundreddollars,Deo saidwith pride.The cashhad beena giftfrom Jean.Exchanged forBurundian francs,it couldhave boughta lotof cows.But neitherMuhammad northe agentslooked impressed.Where washe stayingJean hadtoldhimhed beasked this.A hotel,he said.The agentslaughed.A weekin ahotel ontwo hundreddollars In1994,airport securitywasnt what it soonwould be.Muhammad saidsomething inEnglish totheagents.His wordsmust have been the right ones,because aftera fewmore questions,theagentsshrugged ateach otherand lethim through,into America.He hadno ideawhat heddo next.After six monthson therun,hewasin thehabit ofnot lookingahead.And whatwas thereto fearWhat couldthe manin thebooth upahead dotohimWhatever itmight be,hed alreadyseen worse.God hadtaken care of himso far.And stillwas takingcare ofhim,it seemed.As thisserious-looking stranger.Muhammad,walked himout ofCustoms,he saidthat Deocould staywith himin NewYork City.But Deowould have to waithere forthree hours.Muhammad workedattheairport asa baggagehandler.He hadto finishhis shift.Could Deowail three hours Onlythreehourssaid Deo.Of course!
63.Which of the followingis thereason whyDeo lefthis hometownA.Jean persuadedhim togo to NewYork.B.Jeans fatherpaid for theplanetickets for him.C.He wasan employeeona business missiontoAmerica.D.He wantedto fleehis homeown to seek shelterin NewYork.
64.How didthe womanhelp DeoA.She arrangeda seatfbr him.B.She didthe interpretingforhim.C.She askedthe policemanto show mercy tohim.D.She talkedwith himwhich madehim feelless lonely.
65.What doesthe underlinedsentence inParagraph4most probablymean A.God is toying withhim.B.God istaking himunder hiswing.C.He is at themercyof God.D.He cantbreak awayfrom God.
66.Hearing thatDeo camefromBurundi,Muhammad felt__________.A.happy B.sympathetic C.terrified D.relieved【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文文章介绍了Deo移民的故事Deo在同学Jean的帮助下离开Burundi,坐上前往NewYork的飞机,期间得到了一位女士的帮助到达移民局后,代理们向Deo询问相关的问题,Deo又认识了Muhammad,并顺利进入了美国
63.【答案】D【解析】推理判断题根据第-段中But hehad spenthepastsixmonthson therun.但在过去的六个月里,他一直在逃亡以及第二段中And itwas Jeanwhohaddecided thatNewYorkwas wherehe shouldgo.是Jean决定了他应该去纽约可知,他去美国是想逃离家乡到纽约避难故选D项
64.【答案】B Q:How doesthe womanmost probablyfeel
6.A.He prefersa smallerhouse.B.He preferswarm days.C.He maylike a garden anda garage.D.He maylike abalcony.【答案】D【听力材料】W:Do you have anyidea ofour futurehouse Forme,I dontparticularly carewhether it hasgotagardenoragarage.M:Me,neither,I needjust alittle bitof spaceto sitout inwhen itswarm.Q:What docsthe manmean
7.A.Her sonreads fast.B.Her sonreads slowly.C.Her sonloves reading.D.Her sonoften visitsthe libraiy【答案】C【听力材料】M:So youwant toturn thisroom intoa minilibrary W:My sonisakeen reader.Q:What canbe learnedabout hewoman son
8.A.The mancan buythe model car withno worries.B.This model car hassome newfunctions.C.The mancan havehis moneyback ifthe modelcar isundamaged.D.The manwill definitelylike themodelcar.【答案】A【听力材料】M:I amwondering whetherI shouldbuy hismodelcar.I alreadyhave avery similarone.W:I seeno reasonnot to.You arcentitled toa refundwithin aweek if you dontlike it.Q:What doesthe womanimply
9.A.The projectis actuallyessential tohe company.B.Their effortswont payoff.C.It tookthem eightmonths tofinish the project.D.The drainagesystem oftheir companyhadto be upgraded.【答案】B J•-【听力材料】W:You knowwhat!The bossannounced thattheprojectweve beenworking onwill beabandoned.M:So,our8months hardwork justgoes downthe drain.Q:What doesthemanmean
10.A.He hasleft somefood for his daughter.B.His daughtershouldnt havecome backlate.C.There isntmuch forhis daughterto eat.D.He hasset asidesome butterforhisdaughter.【答案】A-【听力材料】W:Sorry,dad,Im homelate.M:Weve allhad oursupper,but Iveset asidea bitefor you.Q:What docsthemanmean SectionB15分Directions:In SectionB,you willhear twoshort passagesandalonger conversation,and you will beasked severalquestions oneachofthem.The passageandtheconversation willbe readtwice,but thequestions willbe spokenonly once.When youhear aquestion,read thefour possibleanswers onyour【解析】推理判断题根据第四段中Then awoman whohadbeensitting nearbygot upand walkedover French,at longlast French,coming outof hermouth.Perhaps shecould help,the womansaid inFrench,这时,坐在附近的一个女人站了起来,从她嘴里吐出法语,终于是法语了也许她能帮忙,那个女人能说法语可知,这个女士帮Deo翻译故选B项
65.【答案】B【解析】词义猜测题根据第四段中Perhaps shecould help,the womansaid inFrench.Deo thought:God.Im stillin yourhands.She arrangedto sitnext tohim on the flighttoNewYork andasked himlots ofquestions.Deo wantedto payher backfor helpinghim.So hetried toanswer herquestions.也许她能帮忙,那个女人用法语说托认为________________________________________________”飞往纽约的航班上,她安排坐在他旁边,也问了他很多问题De想报答她对他的帮助所以他努力回答她的问题由Deo想报答她对他的帮助,可推断这个女士帮助了Deo,Deo认为这是上帝对他的眷顾,因此划线句意为‘上帝在庇护他”故选B项
66.【答案】B【解析】推理判断题根据第五段中Muhammad askedDeo theagents questionsand alsosome questionsof hisown.For theagents,he askedDeo,“Where arcyou comingfVom WhenDeo saidhehadcome fromBurundi,Muhammad madea painedface andsaid tohiminFrench,How didyou getout”Muhammad问了Deo关于代理人的问题,也问了他本人的一些问题他问Deo你从哪里来?当Deo说他来自Burundi时,Muhammad做了个苦脸,用法语对他说,你是怎么出来的?可知,听到Deo来自Burundi,Muhammad对他感到同情故选B项Section C(共4题,每小题2分,满分8分)Directions:Choose fromthe sentencesA-F tocomplete the passage.There areextra sentenceswhich you do notneed to use.Most ofthe people who appearmost oftenand mostgloriously in the historybooks arcgreat conquerors and generals,while the people whoreally helpedcivilization forwardare oftennever mentioned.Wc donot knowwho firstset abroken leg,or launcheda seaworthyboat,or calculatedthe lengthoftheyear butwe knowall aboutthe killersand destroyers.People thinkso much ofthemthat onall the highest pillarsin thegreat citiesofthe world you will findthe figureofaconqueror ora general.67It ispossible theyare,but theyare notthe mostcivilized.Animals fight,so dosavages(里予蛮人);so tobe good at fightingis tobe goodin theway in which ananimal ora savageis good,but it is nottobecivilized.
68.People fightto settlequaiTels.Fighting meanskilling,and civilizedpeoples oughttobeable tofind someways ofsetting theirdisputes otherthan byseeing whichside cankill offgreater number oftheother side,and thensaying thatthe sidewhich haskilled mosthas won.And notonly hasit won,but alsobecause ithas won,ithas been in theright.For thatis whatgoing towar means;it meanspower isright.This iswhat thestory ofmankind has been like.But wemust not expect too much.After al],the raceof menhas onlyjust started.
69.Scientists assumethat therehasbeenlife ofsome sorton the earth for about twelvehundred million years;but therehave beenmen foronly onemillion years,and therehave beencivilized men for abouteight thousand years.
70.Taking manscivilized pastat aboutseven oreight hours,we mayestimate hisfuture at about onehundred thousandyears.Thus mankindis onlyal(he beginningof itswhole a pretty beastlybusiness,abusinessof fightingand killing.We mustnotexpecteven civilizedpeoples notto havedone thesethings.All wecan askis that they willsometimes havedone somethingelse.A.Even beinggoodatgetting othersto fightmost efficientlyis notbeing civilized.B.Most peoplebelieve those who haveconquered themost nationsarc thegreatest.C.However,every yearconflict betweencountries andnations stillclaim thousandsof lives.D.From thepoint ofview ofevolution,human beingsare veryindeed,babies ofa fewmonths old.E.So therehasbeenlittle timeto learnin,but(here willbe oceansof limeinwhichlo leambetter.F.People dontfight andkill eachother in the streets,but nationsstill behavelike savages.【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文,主要论述了推动人类发展的是文明而不是武力征服
67.【答案】B【解析】根据上文Most ofthepeople who appearmost oftenand mostgloriously in the historybooks aregreat conquerorsand generals可知,历史书中出现最频繁、最显赫的大多数人都是伟大的征服者和将军由此推知,此处继续说明人们崇尚武力的想法,选项中的conquered呼应上文的conquerorsandgenerals,故B项(大多数人认为那些征服了大多数国家的人是最伟大的)符合语境
68.【答案】A【解析】根据上文so tobe goodat fightingistobe goodin theway inwhich ananimal ora savageis good,but it isnottobecivilized「可知,善于战斗就是像动物或野蛮人那样善于战斗,而不是文明,此处承接上文,进一步说明善于战斗并不是文明,故A项(即使善于让别人最有效地战斗,也不是文明)符合语境
69.【答案】D【解析】根据空后Scientists assumethat therehasbeenlife ofsome sorton theearth for about twelvehundred millionyears;but therehave beenmenforonly onemillionyears,and therehave beencivilized menforabouteight thousandyears.可知,科学家们说地球上某些生命己经存在了大约一亿两千万年;但是人类只存在了一百万年,文明人己经存在了大约八千年,这说明从生命起源角度来讲,人类存在的时间还很短,故D项(从进化的角度来看,人类确实是几个月大的婴儿)符合语境
70.【答案】E【解析】根据空后Taking manscivilized pastataboutseven oreight hours,vve mayestimate hisfuture atabout onehundred thousandyears.”可知,以人类文明的过去为例,大约
七、八个小时,我们可以估计,人类的未来大约需要十万年,这说明人类文明的短暂过去只是人类漫长发展史的沧海一粟,人类还有很长的时间去学习不再争斗,变得更好,故E项所以可以看到,人类只学习了极少的时间,还有更多的时间有待于人们去学习得更好一点符合语境IV SummaryWriting满分10分
71.Directions:Read the following passage.Summarize themain ideaandthemain pointsofthe passagein nomore than60words.Use yourown wordsas faras possible.Caves areimportant inmany areasof science.Earth scientistsstudy howrock formsand changesin caves.Biologists visitcaves,too,to learnabouttheunusual speciesthat livein them.However,caves areimportant foranother reason.On the walls ofsome cavesare paintings.They weremade bypeoplewho lived thousandsof years ago.Some ofthe earliestpaintings,like theones inEL CastilloCave inSpain,are fortythousandyearsold.Some areoutlines ofhands orsimple designs.Others showanimals orpeople hunting.They werepainted usingnatural red,orange,white andblack minerals.These worksof artconnect uswith peoplewholivedlong ago.Interestingly,most of these cavepaints were not found by scientists.They were found bypeople exploringcaves forfun.For example,the cavepaintings inLascaux,France,werefoundin1940by agroup ofboys.They hadno ideathatthepictures theyfound on thewalls ofthecave wereover seventeenthousandyearsold.Over theyears,people havefound thesetypes ofamazing paintingsin sitesall overthe world.You canexplore thesecaves,too.Some havebecome verypopular touristsites.They areeasy tovisit andhave undergroundtours for the public.However,exploring othercaves canbe moredifficult.You mustbe careful,and you need tobe preparedfor cold,darkness anddanger.And youmight have to walkthrough mudor water.Dress warmlyand bring special equipment,such ashelmet witha light.But theseunderground worldsare sofascinating that it isworth thetrouble.【答案】Scientists learnabout cavesby studyingthe rocksand unusualspecies insidethem.Some cavesalso havepaintings.Some aresimple designsmade thousandsof yearsago.Most ofthem werefound bypeople exploringcaves forfun.You canexplore caves,too.Some haveunderground loursorthe public.Other cavesare moredifficult tovisit.They canbe dangerous,so youhavetobring special equipment,such ashelmet witha light.【解析】本文是一篇说明文文章介绍说,洞穴在许多科学领域都很重要地球科学家研究岩石在洞穴中的形成和变化生物学家也会造访洞穴,以了解生活在其中的不同寻常的物种然而,洞穴之所以重要还有另一个原因在一些洞穴的墙上有绘画
1.要点摘录1Caves areimportant inmany areasof science.2On thewallsofsome cavesarc paintings.3They weremade bypeoplewholived thousandsof yearsago.4They werefound bypeople exploringcaves forfun.
(5)And youmight haveto walkthrough mudor water.
(6)However,exploring othercaves canbe moredifficult.Dress warmlyand bringspecialequipment,such ashelmet witha light.
2.缜密构思将第
2、3两个要点进行重组,将第
3、4两个要点进行整合
3.遣词造句Scientists learnabout cavesby studyingthe rocksand unusualspecies insidethem.Some cavesalso havepaintings.Some aresimple designsmade thousandsof yearsago.Most ofthem werefoundbypeople exploringcaves forfun.They canbe dangerous,so youhavetobringspecialequipment,such ashelmet witha light.V Translation(共4题,共15分)Directions:Translate thefollowing sentencesinto English,using the words givenin thebrackets.
72.她认为,消除数字鸿沟、确保每个人都能使用互联网并且知晓如何运用新技术,是非常重要的(汉译英)【答案】She believes(hatit is highly important to bridge the digital divideand make sure(hat everyone has access tothe Internet and knows how to use new technology.【解析】考查动词、名词、形容词、时态和宾语从句结合原文,分析句子可知,全句描述现在的情况,应使用一般现在时态;“她认为‘‘是主句,用she believesthat...表示,其中that引导宾语从句;“消除数字鸿沟、确保每个人都能使用互联网并且知晓如何运用新技术,是非常重要的是主句,可用固定句型it is highlyimportant lo do...表示,其中it是形式主语,动词不定式作真正的主语,主语消除数字鸡沟、确保每个人都能使用互联网并且知晓如何运用新技术”用不定式表示,其中消除数字鸿沟与“确保每个人都能使用互联网并且知晓如何运用新技术是并列关系,用并列连词and连接,“消除数字鸿沟”用“tobridge thedigital divide表示,确保每个人都能使用互联网并且知晓如何运用新技术用“makesure that everyonehas accesstotheInternet andknows howto usenew technology表示,其中“that everyonehas accesstotheInternet andknows howtousenew technology为宾语从句综上,全句译为She believes(hatit ishighlyimportantlobridgethedigitaldivideand makesurethateveryonehasaccesstotheInternetandknowshowtousenewtechnology.
73.虽然卡森的研究成果很有说服力,而且得到了大多数评论过她的作品的科学家的支持,但这本书很快就成了农药行业评论家攻击的目标(who引导定语从句)(汉译英)【答案]Though Carsons research wasstrong andwas supportedby most scientists who reviewed her work,the bookquickly becamea targetfor criticsin the pesticide industry.【解析】考查定语从句表示虽然应用though,引导让步状语从句;表示“卡森的研究成果应用Carsonsresearch表示“是”应用be;表示有说服力的”应用strong表示“支持”应用s叩port,此处使用被动语态;表示“大多数科学家应用mostscientists;本句陈述过去的事实,因此要用一般过去时,主语为单数名词,be动词用was,表示“被支持应用was supportedby;表示“大多数评论过她的作品的是定语从句,修饰科学家,因此用who引导的定语从句,whoreviewed herwork但这本书很快就成了农药行业评论家攻击的目标”是主句,表示“这本书”应用the book;表示“很快地应用quickly;表示“成为”应用become,其过去式为became;表示农药行业评论家攻击的目标”应用a targetfor criticsin(hepesticide industryo故整句翻译为Though Carsonsresearch wasstrong andwas supportedby mostscientists whoreviewedherwork,the bookquickly becamea targetfor criticsinthepesticideindustryo
74.因为除非我们真的听从蕾切尔•卡森的警告,否则有一天我们可能会在奇怪、安静而又充满恐惧的另一个寂静的春天醒来(do强调谓语动词)(汉译英)【答案】For unlesswe dolisten toRachel Carsonswarning,one daywe maywake uptothestrange andquiet horrorof anothersilent spring.【解析】考查do强调谓语动词因为除非我们真的听从蕾切尔•卡森的警告,这是原因状语,用For引导,表达真的听从,用de强调谓语动词,unless引导条件状语从句,故从句翻译为For unlesswe dolisten toRachel Carsonswarning;否则有-天我们可能会在奇怪、安静而又充满恐惧的另一个寂静的春天醒来这是主句,故翻译为one daywe maywake叩tothestrange andquiet horrorof anothersilent springo
75.他珍视自己的正直,不为任何人所动摇,无论提供给他多少免费衣物或远程航班(“no matter+疑问词”引导让步状语从句)(汉译英)【答案】He valued his integrityand would notbe bought by anyone,no matterhow manyfree clothesor flightsto farawaydestinations hewas offered.【解析】考查时态、短语、状语从句句子陈述过去是事情,应用一般过去时;’珍视他的正直表达为valuedhis integrity,不会被任何人动摇表达为wouldnotbebought byanyone,这两者用and连接;无论多少免费的衣物或远程航班”表达为no matterhow manyfree clothesor flightsto farawaydestinations,no matterhow many引导让步状语从句,“给某人提供某物”表达为offer sb.sth,主语he和offer之间为被动关系,应用一般过去时的被动语态结合其他汉语提示,故翻译为He valuedhisintegrityand wouldnotbeboughtbyanyone,no matterhow manyfree clothesor flightsto farawaydestinations hewas offered.VI GuidedWriting满分25分)
76.Directions:Write anEnglish compositionin120-150words accordingtotheinstructions givenin Chinese.近期,我校学生会对高中生在家做家务的情况做了•个调查,调查结果如下请简要描述调查结果,并谈谈你对高中生是否应该做家务的看法你是否会帝助家K做力所能及的家务?【答案】Recently,the Students*Union ofour schooldid asurvey on the situationof highschool students doing houseworkat home.The resultsare as follows.55%ofthe students neverdo houseworkat home,while10%ofthe students do.12%ofthestudentsdochores occasionally,namely oneor twotimes aweek.And thepercentage ofthestudentswho dohousework threeor fourtimes aweek is23%.In myopinion,itis good for students to do some housework.Reasons are as follows.Firstly,doing sonichousework canmake youindependent.You cantdepend onothers allyour life.Secondly,doing somehousework cankeep youhealthy andstrong.Some hardhousework canbe regardedasakind ofphysical exercise.Finally,doing somehousework canshare yourparents work.They mustbe happyifyoushoulder somehousework voluntarily.So I think itis good forstudents to do somehousework.【解析】本篇书面表达属于说明文,要求考生简要描述对高中生在家做家务的情况的调查结果,并谈谈白己对高中生是否应该做家务的看法【详解】
1.词汇积累调查:survey—»invcstigation有用的useful—helpful偶尔:occasionally—*from timeto time在我看来in myopinion—as faras Iam concerned
2.句式拓展合并简单句原句:In myopinion,itisgoodforstudentsto dosomehousework.Reasons arcasfollows.拓展句In myopinion,the reasonswhy itisgoodfbr studentstodohouse workareasfollows.【点睛】[高分句型l]And thepercentage ofthestudentswho dohousework threeor fourtimesaweek is23%.(运用了who引导的定语从句)[高分句型2]They mustbe happyifyoushoulder somehousework voluntarily,(运用T if引导的条件状语从句)paper anddecidewhichoneis the bestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13are basedonthefollowing passage.1l.A.Negative effectsof eatingtoo manysnacks.B.The differencesbetween snacksand meals.C.Strategies ofavoiding eatingtoo manysnacks beforemeals.D.Healthy waysof havingmeals.
12.A.Avoid eatingthings betweenmeals.B.Eat asmuch fruitas possible.C.Eat foodlike toastshorty before dinner to help withdigestion.D.Have a cup of yogurt inthe afternoon.
13.A.To controlthe amountof snacksyou eat.B.To makeit healthier.C.To helpyou focusonthemain event.D.To helpyou knowwhat exactlyyou are eating.【答案】
11.C
12.D
13.A【听力材料】Cant resistpicking fromthe fridgeor cupboardbeforedinnerA littlechccsc,some biscuitsand apple.It neverseems likemuch.Yet,by the time dinnercomes around,you arefull.If thisis you,here arewo strategiestohelpyou out.Think aboutwhat youare eatingearlier inthe day.If youarc havinga lightlunch,then tryingto lastuntil dinner,you maybe doingharm toyourself.By leavingit toolong betweenfood stops,youwillget toohungry andovereat atdinner.Instead,try havinga sliceof toastorapiece offruit andacupofyogurtal about3:30pm.This shouldkeep yougoing untildinner.So youcan resistthe pre-dinner snacking.The otherstrategy isthatifyoudohave asnack beforedinner,put itonaplate,instead ofpicking andpaying noattention towhat youareeating,arrange somefood properlyonasmall plate,then sitdown toeat yoursnack.Simply bydoing this,youwilleat alot lessand stillbe readyforthemain event.Questions
11.What is the speakermainly talkingabout
12.What doesthe speakersuggest youdo ifyouhavea lightlunch
13.According tothe speaker,why shouldyou putapre-dinner snackonaplate Questions14through16are basedonthefollowing passage.
14.A.About400billion.B.Over3,000billion.C.Over5million.D.Over15billion.
15.A.Man willlose treesin about300years.B.Issues withtrees arekind ofoverestimated.C.Climate changewillbeoutofcontrol.D.It willbe toolate toplant treesafter severalyears.
16.A.Spread someknowledge abouttrees importance.B.Arouse peoplesinterest intree research.C.Make peoplemore consciousofthepotential threatcaused bycutting downtoo manytrees.D.Offer someadvice onhowtoprotect hetrees ontheearth.【答案】
14.B
15.A I
6.C【听力材料】How manytrees arethere inthe worldUntil now,scientists couldonly guessthe estimateof globaltree numberis approximately400billion.In thetree surveyproject,by usingsatellite imagesand onsite countingin more than50countries,researchers atan Americanuniversity countedmore than3,000billion treesintheworld,roughly7times morethan previouslyestimated.Among allthe countries,Russia isranked firstinthetree number.But researchersalso warnedthe numberof trees on earthhas fallenby46%since thestart ofcivilization.Due todemand forwood andfarmland,humans cutdown morehan15billion treeseach year,replanting only5billion.At thatrate,treeson earth willbe gonein aboutthree centuries.The projectsgoal istodrawattention tothe importanceof treesintherole inreducing thegravity ofclimate change.The projectslead researchersays:Trees storehuge amountsof carbon.They areamongthemostimportantand criticalliving thingsonearth.Questions
14.According tothe survey,how manytrees arehere inheworld
15.Which ofthefollowingisthemost probableprediction basedonthesurveys findings
16.What isthe purposeoftheproject introducedinthe passage Questions17through20are basedonthefollowing conversation.
17.A.Their opinionsonaMexican restaurant.B.Planning awelcoming ceremonyfor Jerry.C.Planning avisit tothe Shanghai Museum.D.Their planforthenext fewdays afterJerry comes.
18.A.He willstay hereforaweek.B.He willarrive inthe morningon Thursday.C.He likesMexican foodthemost.D.He willprobably bein Nanjingon Tuesday.
19.A.She knowsa waiterthere.B.She madea reservationin advance.C.She paidsonic deposit.D.She isa frequentcustomer there.
20.A.Having a picnic.B.Watching an exhibition.C.Relaxing athome.D.Going oShanghaiMuseum.【答案】
17.D
18.D
19.B
20.A【听力材料】M:Helen,when isyour brotherJerry gettinginto ownI haventseen himfor ages.W:This Thursday,I willpick himup around8:00pm.M:Are yougoing todo anythingtogether thatnight W:No.Ithinkhell betoo tiredand willprobably justwant ogo tobed early.M:Thats true.Its along flightfrom Sanya.How longis hegoing tostay W:Only tillMonday,then hegoes toNanjing tosee ourparents.M:Do youhave anyspecial plansfor FridayW:You bet.He canrelax inhe apartmenton Fridaymorning andthen inthe afternoonwe aregoingtothe forestpark withsome friendsto haveapicnic.M:And thenintheevening W:I havebooked atable inDe Mingos,that Mexicanrestaurant.Do youknow itM:Yeah,one ofthe waitersI knowtold meitisextremely difficultto booka tabicthere.W:Not ifyou callthem earlyenough,say amonth earlier.M:What aboutSaturday W:In themorning wcarc goingto ShanghaiMuseum.Theyve gotanexhibition.Jerry willbe interestedin.After lunch,well bedoing someshopping.M:So Immeeting youguys onSaturday eveningat8oclock.W:Oh.yes.The partyisatClaires house.Come roundhere justbefore eight,and wccan takea taxiover toClares together.M:All right.Questions
17.What arehe twospeakersmainlytalkingabout
18.What canbe learnedabout Jerry
19.Why wasthe womanable toreserve atable inDe Mingos
20.What willJerry mostprobably bedoing onFriday afternoonII.Grammar andvocabulary共20题,每小题1分,满分20分Section ADirections:After readingthepassagebelow,fill inhe blanksto makethepassagecoherent andgrammatically correct.For theblanks witha given word,fill in each blankwith theproper formofthegivenword;fortheother blanks,use one word thatbest fitseach blank.Charles DickensIt hasbeen150years sinceCharles Dickensdied,184years sincehis firstwork wasreleased tothepublicand156years sincehis lastcompleted bookcame out.In allof thistime,these novelshave neverbeen outof print.Dickens mayhave leftus,but his work remainstimeless,21fascinate themajority ofthosewhoopen theirpages.Most peoplehave read,watched orat leastheard ofDickens stories,but whatmakes himand hiswork sopopular Sincehe begannovel writingin his20s,Dickens constantlyproduced qualityclassics.Year afteryear hisawaiting fanswerenotleft22disappoint astheir mindswere fedwith complextales ofromance,crime,hope anddespair.In theVictorian erahe livedin,muchofthe workDickens produced23model onthe literaturebefore him.He wasone ofthe firstwriters ofthetime24portray honestexamples ofworking-class people,giving manysomething torelate to.He focused on unfoldingthe goodand badqualities ofcharacters whichallowed hisreaders ofollow theirjourneys andunderstand25they mayhave actedintheunusual orshocking waysthattheydid.Any Dickensfans willknow thediverse andoutrageous耸人听闻的characters coiningto lifebetween thepages.26was specialabout thisnovelists abilityin imaginingthese characters5stories isthat itcomesfromhisownlifes path.27a youngboy leftto takecareofhimself in a workhouse tothe wealthyfigure hebecame throughhis writingsuccesses,he knewwhat itwas liketoseein differentlights.This deepunderstanding ofhis charactersgave hisfictional storiesthe strongelement ofbelievability28is neededinagood novel.Over acentury anda halflater,Dickens themescanberelevant totodays worldproblems.His wordsand imageryhavebeentransformed furtherinto themedia ofmodern film,television andeven musicaladaptations.29set ina timeunfamiliar toreaders today,hisworkstill enableseveryone torelate tothe love,hardship andsense offamily thatpours fromthe narratives.Il isthis aspect30has carriedCharles Dickensinto the21st century.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文文章主要内容是关于英国大文豪查尔斯•狄更斯,介绍了他的作品风格形成,写作素材来源,作品中所展示的思想以及他的作品带给读者的影响
21.【答案】fascinating【解析】考查非谓语动词句意狄更斯也许巳经离开了我们,但他的作品仍然是永恒的,吸引着大多数打开他们的页面的人阅读他的书籍的人本句己有谓语动词remains,动词fascinate应用非谓语动词形式,且与主语之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词表主动,作状语,故填fascinatingo
22.【答案】disappointed【解析】考查形容词句意年复一年,等待他的粉丝们并没有失望,因为他们的脑海里充满了复杂的浪漫、犯罪、希望和绝望的故事空处作系动词felt的表语,应改为形容词,且主语fans为人,所以用-ed形式的形容词,故填disappointedo
23.【答案】was modelled【解析】考查谓语动词句意在他生活的维多利亚时代,狄更斯作品中很多部分都是模仿他之前的文学作品空处为本句谓语,且model与主语work之间为被动关系,应用被动语态结构be done,结合状语“In theVictorian era”可知此处时态为一般过去时,主语work在这里为单数,故填was model⑴cd
24.【答案】(o portray【解析】考查非谓语动词句意他是当时第一批描绘工人阶级诚实的例子的作家之一,给出了许多与之相关的东西句子己有谓语was,portray应用非谓语动词形式,结合“one ofthe first+n+todo”表示“第一批/最早做......之一”的固定搭配可知,此处应用动词不定式,作后置定语,故填to portrayo
25.【答案】why【解析】考查宾语从句句意他专注于展现人物的好与坏,让读者了解他们的旅程,并理解他们为何会以不同寻常或令人震惊的方式行事分析句子可知,此处包含一个宾语从句,结合句意可知,从句缺少原因状语,所以用why引导该从句,故填why
26.【答案】What【解析】考查主语从句句意这位小说家想象这些人物故事的能力的特殊之处在于,它来自于他自己的人生道路分析句子可知,此处包含一个主语从句,由句子结构和句意可知,从句缺少主语,表示“特殊之处在于什么,应用what引导该从句,作从句的主语,故填What
27.【答案】From【解析】考查介词句意从一个在生活在济贫院里的小男孩,到他通过成功的写作成为一个富有的人物,他知道从不同的角度看是什么样的由句意和to可知,此处表示“从......到......,应用固定搭配“from...to...”,故填From
28.【答案】which/lhal【解析】考查定语从句句意这种对人物的深刻理解使他的小说具有了一部好小说所需要的强烈的可信因素分析句子可知,此处包含一个定语从句,先行词为believability,指物,且从句缺少主语,可以用关系代词which或that代替先行词,引导该从句,作从句的主语,故填which/thato
29.【答案】Though/Although/Whiic【解析】考查让步状语从句句意尽管他的作品所处的时代对今天的读者来说并不陌生,但它仍然让每个人都能感受到故事中倾泻出来的爱、艰辛和家庭感由句意和still nJ知,此处包含一个让步状语从句,空处位于句首,可用though,although或while引导该从句,故填Though/Although/Whileo
30.【答案】that【解析】考查强调句句意正是这一方面把查尔斯•狄更斯带入了21世纪分析句子结构结合句意可知,此处为“It is+强调部分+that/who+从句”的强调句式,强调部分为“this aspect”,指物,所以本句用that引导从句,故填lhato SectionB Directions:Complete thefollowing passageby usingthewordsinthebox.Each wordcan onlybe usedonce.Note thatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.overall B.flooding C.secure D.invested E.concentrated F.consisted G.expense H.prospects I.narrowly J.stood K.factor Bysome measures,South Korea isthemost educatedcountry in(heworld.Observers,however,have describedKorean societyas havingan“almost cult(邪教)-like devotionto learning.Studying longhours athagwons(辅导机构)has becomeso ubiquitous(普遍存在的)and excessivethat Koreanauthorities inthe2000s deemed(认为)it necessaryto imposecurfews(宵禁令),usually at10p.m.,and patrolprep schoolsin areaslike SeoulsGangnam district,where manyoftheseschools are
31.However,that onlydrives nighttimecram classesunderground behindclosed doors.This extremecompetitiveness hascreated anumberofsocial problemsSuicide,for instance,istheleading causeof deathamong teensin Korea,which hasthehighestsuicide rate32intheOrganization forEconomic Cooperationand Development(OECD).Student surveyshas shown(hat poorgrades andfears ofdefeat aremajor reasonsfor suicidalthoughts,while Koreasimultaneously hasa growingteenage drinkingproblem.Social pressuresto succeedinthelabor market»meanwhile,have givenrise toa phenomenoncalled employmentcosmetics-one ofthe drivingfactors behindKoreas boomin cosmeticsurgery,since jobapplicants arecommonly requiredto submitan IDphoto,and manyemployers33physical attractivenessinto theirhiring decisions.In anothersign ofcompetition atany cost,private householddebt inKoreaissoaring,driven inpart bysurging expenditureson educationand privatetutoring.Social pressuresarc furtheramplified byKoreas relativelyhigh youthunemployment rate,which34at
11.2percent in2016—a recordnumber notseen sincethe Asianfinancial crisisofthelate1990s.Despite allthetime,finances,and emotionalresources35in theireducation,Korean youthfind itincreasingly difficultto36desired quality,socially prestigiousjobs.The countrysobsession withhigher educationcontinues tosustain acollege educationinflation(贬值),37the Koreanlabor marketwithasupply ofuniversity graduatesthat holddegrees ofdeflated valuewhose earnings38are decreasing.While auniversity degreeused tobeasolid foundationfor socialsuccess inKorea,observers havenoted thatmany currentgraduates lackthe skillsneeded foremployability ina moderninformation society,and thatthe educationsystem istoo39focusedonuniversity education,while under-emphasizing vocationaltraining.Koreas Confucian-influcnccd systemhas alsobeen criticizedfor relyingtoomuchon rotememorization anduniversity entranceprep atthe_____40_____of creativityand independentthought.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文主要介绍了韩国过于专注大学教育的现状,大学文凭贬值,青年失业率以及自杀率高
31.【答案】E【解析】考查系表结构句意在补习学校K时间学习已经变得如此普遍和过分,以至于在2000年代,韩国当局认为有必要实施宵禁,通常是晚上10点,并在首尔江南区等地区的预科学校巡逻,许多补习学校就在江南区定语从句中的系动词后缺表语,concentrated表示“集中的,符合句意,故填入E
32.【答案】A【解析】考查副词句意例如,自杀是韩国青少年的最大死因,总体而言占据经济合作与发展组织中最高白杀率分析句子可知,此句不缺主要成分,可填入副词修饰整个句子,再根据句意,overall意为“总体上,总的说来”符合语义逻辑,故填入A
33.【答案】K【解析】考查动词句意这是韩国整容热潮背后的一个驱动因素,因为求职者通常需要提交身份证照片,许多雇主在招聘时考虑外貌吸引力熟词生义,factor把...因素包括进去”,符合句意故填入K
34.【答案】J【解析】考查动词句意2016年青年失业率处于
11.2%非限制性定语从句缺乏谓语动词,根据句意,stand处于(某种位置、状态、情形)符合条件,故填入J
35.【答案】D【解析】考查后置定语句意尽管在教育上投入了时间、金钱和情感,年轻人发现找到想要的高质量的社会地位高的工作越来越难了分析句子可知,空格部分充当中心词resources的定语,D选项的invested-被投入的符合句意,故填入D
36.【答案】C【解析】考查动词句意年轻人发现找到想要的高质量的社会地位高的工作越来越难了考查句型“itis+adj+(for sb)todosth”(对某人来说做某事是...的),此处填动词原形,secure作动词表示“获得,取得,符合句意,故填入C
37.【答案】B【解析】考查非谓语动词句意国家对高等教育的痴迷继续维持了“大学教育贬值现象使韩国就业市场涌入了大量的拥有贬值的收益前景在不断下降的文凭的大学毕业生短语flood with-涌入”,符合句意,由主语毕业生与flood存在主动关系,故用现在分词作结果状语,故填入B
38.【答案】H【解析】考查名词句意使韩国就业市场涌入了大量的拥有贬值的收益前景在不断下降的文凭的大学毕业生定语从句缺乏主语,须填名词,此处考查名词修饰名词,prospect意为“前景”,earnings prospect收益前景”,符合句意,故填入H
39.【答案】I【解析】考查副词句意大学教育系统过于狭窄地专注于大学教育分析句子结构可知不缺主要成分,此空格应使用副词修饰动词focus,narrowly意为“狭隘地”,韩国教育过分集中在大学教育,符合句意,故填入I
40.【答案】G【解析】考查固定搭配句意韩国的儒家思想影响下的教育系统一直因为过于依赖记忆以及以牺牲创造力和独立思考能力为代价的大学考试而被批评考查固定搭配atthecost of以为代价,符合句意,故填入G“III ReadingComprehension满分45分)SectionA(共15题,每小题1分,满分15分)Directions:For each blank inthefollowingpassage therearefourwords orphrases markedA,B.C andD.Fill ineachblankwiththeword orphrase thatbest fitsthe context.If the41are justright,someofthe electronsinside a42will arrange(hemselvesintoatidyhoneycombpattern(蜂巢状结构)—like asolid withina
43.Physicists havenow44imaged theseWigner crystals,named afterthe Hungarian-born45Eugene Wigner,who firstimagined themalmost90yearsago.Researchers had46created Wigner crystals andmeasured theirproperties before,but thisisthefirsttimethatanyonehas actuallytakenasnapshotofthe patterns,says studyco-author FengWang,a physicistattheUniversity ofCalifornia,Berkeley.If yousay youhave anelectron crystal,showmethe crystal,he says.The resultswere publishedon29September inNature.To createthe Wignercrystals,Wangs teambuilt adevice47atom-thin layersof twosimilar semiconductors:tungsten disulfide(二硫化物)and tungstendiselenide(联硒化物).The teamthen usedanelectricfield totune thedensity ofthe electronsthat movedfreely alongthe interfacebetween the twolayers.In ordinarymaterials,electrons zoomaround tooquickly tobe48affected bythe49between theirnegative charges.But Wignerpredicted thatif electronstravelled slowlyenough,that repulsionwould beginto dominatetheir behavior.The electronswould thenfind5()that minimizetheir totalenergy,suchasa
51.So Wangandhiscolleagues slowedthe electronsin theirdevice by52it toafewdegrees aboveabsolute zero.A mismatch53the twolayers inthe devicealso helpedthe electronsto formWignercrystals.The atomsineachof(hetwosemiconductor layersare slightlydifferent distancesapart,so pairingthem togethercreates ahoneycomb moirepattern(蝶纹结构),similar tothat seenwhen overlayingtwo grids.That repeatingpattern createdregions ofslightly lowerenergy,which helpedthe electrons
54.The teamused scanningtunnelling microscope(STM)to。