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英语必修IV译林牛津版Unit2单元实用学案【目标要求】重
1._____ad j,单独的;________vt.vi.
8.__________n.要求;_________vt.要求点单分开
9._________vt陈述__________n.叙述词拓
2.____n.运动;活动;______vt.vi.移
10._________n.不在,缺席;____________展动adj.缺席的
3.________n.vt.尝试;努力
11.________vt.使…兴奋;_____________
4.______adj.主要的,重要的;adj.兴奋的
12.___________________________vi.比赛;_____vt.vi.引导;带领_____________n.竞赛
5.________n.吸引力;___________vt.吸
13._______n,贡献;_________vt.vi.贡献引
14._________n,支持者;_________vt.支
6.adv.和平地;_________adj.;持_____n.和平重
71..pla_y_a__ro_l_e_/p anr.重t__要__性_在;_…__起__作_用ad j.重要的
18.a_______of多种多样的点短
2._______time节省时间
19.in the________在将来语归
3.________part in参加
20.____on to do sth.继续做某事纳
4.in________of为了纪念
21.______the dream实现梦想
5.side____side肩并肩
22._________the Olympic主办奥运会
6._____the goalmedal赢得金牌
23.live____________平静地生活
7._______around the world从世界各地
24.make atravel______制定一个旅行计划
8.look_________to盼望着
25.at the_________ceremony在开幕式上
9.would like_________sth.愿意做某事
26.share sth._______sb.和某人分享某物
10.feel________感到自豪
27.make___________to为...做出贡献
11._____transportation公共交通
28.___ones sparetime在某人的空余时间
12.be______to...有联系29e toones________引起某人的注意
13.be recognized____被看作
30.______the worldrecord打破世界记录
14.____the time一直
31.keep under___________控制
15.__________join sbsth和某人一起做某事
32.make_____possible for sb.to dosth.使的
16._______the firstplace获得冠军某人有可能做某事
17.______out for当心,注意重
1.1am delighted to have been invited to your点句school totalk to you about...型
2.Today,athletes fromaround theworld can
3.His dreamwas that the Olympic Games wouldtake part,no matter what languagesthey speak.make itpossible forcountries andpeople to live peacefullyside by side.
4.1hope this information will be ofuse to you.
5.1advise that you watchless TVat night.功
3.To masterthe ModalVerbs能较为熟练地掌握
1.To learnabout the Olympics andother sporting能情态动词用法events了解奥运的历史和其他运动项目;
2.To describesporting eventsand famous
18.At the2004Athens OlympicGames,Liu Xiangexcited peopleall overAsia whenhe became the firstAsian to win the gold medal in the mens110-metre hurdles.2004年雅典奥运会上,当刘翔成为第一个赢得男子110米栏金牌的亚洲人时,全亚洲人民都无比兴奋to win thegoldmedalin themens110-metre hurdles:Here the to-infinitive is used asattribute.这里是动词不定式用作定语,当名词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰时,常用不定式作定语而不用其它非谓语形式He isthe lastman to be consideredto do the iob.他是最后一位被考虑去做这个工作的人.excite sb.使人激动/兴奋The newsexcited everybody.消息鼓舞了每个人adj.excited激动的兴奋的The excitedchildren wereopening theirpresents.孩子们兴奋地打开他们的礼物exciting使人激动的令人兴奋的What hetold usis anexciting story.他告诉我们的是一个动人的故事
19.attempt vn努力,尝试,企图The boysattempted togcamping butwere stoppedby theirparents.男孩子们想去野营但被他们的父母们拦住了He attemptedthe exambut failed.他试图通过考试,但失败了She madnan attemptto cookthe dinner.她试着做这顿饭After repeatedattempts theyfinally succeeded.经过反复尝试,他们终于成功了
20.limit nv.限制;限定There is a limit to theamount ofmoney hecan afford.他能付得起的钱数是有限的The bankhas writtento savIve goneover mvcredit limit.银行写信来说我己经超过信用限额了The speedlimit isthe fastestspeed thatyou areallowed todrive acar at.限速是允许驾车的最快速度My motherlimits theamount offood thatI eat.我母亲限制我的饭量Surely thereisa limit towhat anyonecan bear.(令人无法忍受的)set alimit to限制to thelimit到了最大限度There isalimit/are limitsto-----------------------------是有限的
21.movement n.动作,运转,乐章,趋向;潮流;动向Movement can be painfulwhen youvehurt yourback..当你伤了背部时,动一动就可能感到疼痛n.姿势She watchedthe dancerand triedto CODVher movements.她观察那个跳舞的人想模仿她的动作Downward movementis muchfaster thanupward one.向下移动比向上移动快得多We wereamused athis funnymovements indoing morningexercises.他做早操时的滑稽动作使我们觉得好笑调动Troop movementscan beobserved fromspace bva satellite.借助卫星可以观察到部队的调动动向,趋向,倾向He couldnot yettell wherethe movementof histhought wouldtake him.他还不敢说他的思想发展趋势会把他引向何方开展运动的团体The tradeunion movementis[are]concerned withworking conditions.工会运动关注工作条件乐章This isa beautifulmovement.这是一篇优美的乐章政治运动Many greatpeople devotedtheir livesto themovement forihc nationalliberation.许多伟人为民族解放运动献出了生命
21.He does not expecthis audienceto actuallyanswer thequestion;however,he doeswant to get theirbrains working.他并不期望听众真的来回答这些问题,而是他想要听众动脑get+名词/代词+doing表示“使......处于某种状态”=keepsth./sb.Doingo Can you gottho clockgoing你可以让钟走起来吗?The repairmangot themachine runningagain.那机修工使机器又转动起来了get+done为系表结构,表示“进入或变为某种状态”get married/lost/hurt/burnt/excited etc.The boygot hurton hisway toschool.Cleaning women in bigcities usuallyget paidby thehours.get+名词/代词+to doI triedto getthem tobring downthe price.Who didyou get to repairyour bike
22.I think it willbe convenientP26我认为这样比较方便convenient Theopposite is inconvenient.adj.suitable foryour purposesand needsand causingthe leastdifficulty合适0勺,方便的Our localshop hasvery convenientopening hours.A bikesa veryconvenient wayof gettingaround.[+that]Its veryconvenient thatyou livenear theoffice.[+to infinitive]I findit convenient to be able to do mybanking byphone.What timewould it be convenient for meto comeround Willitbe convenient foryou togive mea replytomorrow明天给我答复方便吗?near oreasy togettoor use便利的a veryconvenient busservice Ournew flatis veryconvenientfor=near to the kidsschool.If it is convenient,please fetchmetheparcel from the postoffice.convenience n.[U]when sth.is convenient:I likethe convenienceof livingso nearwork.Just forconvenience,Im goingtoliveat mymothers placeuntil mynew houseis ready.Come losee meal yourconvenience.在你方便的时候来看我Lets lookinto thematter tomorrow,if itsuits yourconvenience.如果对你方便的话,我们明天来调查这件事相关高考试题2005天津If it is quite_________toyou,I willvisit younext Tuesday.A.convenient B.fair C.easy D.comfortable2003北京Come andsee mewhenever_____________.A.you areconvenient B.you willbe convenientC.it isconvenienttoyou D.it willbeconvenienttoyou
23.1hope thisinformation willbe ofuse toyou.我希望这信息将对你有用处be+of+n.=be+adj.可以和help,importance,value,age,size,color,weight,shape,height等名词连用,表示具有某方面的特征.The meetingis ofRrcat iniDortanco.=The meetingis veryimportant.会议很重要A collegeeducation is of great value in ones life.=A collegeeducation isvery valuablein oneslife.高等教育在人生中很有价值
24.Entering asport into the Olympicscanbea longprocess.使一个体育项目进入奥运会有时会是一个很长的过程can:Here canisused to describe the characteristicsof sb./sth.这里can用来描述特有的行为或情形,常译为“有时会”Children cansometimes be very tiring.孩子有时会很讨厌.It canbe verycold here,even inMay.即使在五月,天气有时会很冷.enter into:参与We shouldenter intopublic life.我们应当参与公共生活开始At thattime Ientered intocorrespondence withher.那时我开始和她通信包括Does thatenter into the costof theticket票价中包括这项吗?考虑,研究This possibilitynever entered into ourcalculations.我们从未考虑到这种可能性缔结协议Thev haveenteredintoa contract.他们己签订合同process n.过程,进程Adolescence isthe processof goingfrom childhoodto maturity.青春期是从少年到成年的过渡期工序,制作法They adopteda newprocess formaking steel.他们采用了新的制钢工艺vt.加工;处理The factoryprocesses leather.这个厂加工皮革vi.列队行进The congregationprocessed into the church.教徒们排着队走进教堂
25.meet vt.vi.1达到要求、满足条件meet/satisfy peoplesneeds/demands/hopes.To join the army,one mustmeet certainphysical standards.2应付、适应They wereat aloss asto howto meetthe situation.他们手足无措,不知该如何应付这一局面3迎接遇见、见面、认识The organizerof the conference ismeeting one of the speakers at the airport.Men maymeet,but mountainsnever greet.山与山不相碰,人与人常相逢4开会The membersof theboard meetevery Monday.5遭遇、受到meet withfailure/some difficulties...He metwith asmall accidenton theway to work.
26.practise vt.~+doing sth.练习;实习He keepspracticing playinglhe pianofor twohours everyday.(练习弹钢琴)积极从事The manis justbe£innin£to practiselaw.此人刚刚开始从事律师业put sth.into practice使某事付诸实施out ofpractice疏于练习in practice勤于实践勤丁•练习practical a.实践的,切实可行的The planis practical.
27.association in association withsb.与某人做生意/联盟[u]联合、结交I amin association with himin business.我与他合伙做生意I benefitedmuch frommy associationwith him.我与他结交受益HE浅[c]联想、协会、工会an associationof ideas联想Womens Association妇女协会The associationis havingits annualconference nextweek.该协会在下个星期举行年度会议联合,结合,交往Our Ion旦associationwithvour companyhas broughtRreat benefits.我方和贵公司的长期合作带来了巨大的利益associate vt.vi.联想,联系associate...with...-*be associatedwith...We associateEgypt with the Nile.Red isoften associatedwith danger.
28.current adj.n.现在的,现行的,当前发生的;常作定语current issues/problems/prices/Americas currentpresident/the currentissue of a magazine通用的,通行的,被普遍接受的current opinions/beliefs普遍的看法、信仰;These wordsare nclonger current.这些词现在不通用了[c]水流、趋向、倾向;[u]电流turn on the electriccurrent接通电流They suggestedmeasures toovercome currentdifficulties.他们提出了克服目前困难的措施The swimmerwas sweptawav bv the current.那个游泳的人被激流卷走了电流This buttonswitches thecurrent on.这个电钮接通电流The adventurechanged the whole currentof hislife.那场奇遇改变了他人生的方向
29.This helpsensure that the IOCcan keepthe Olympicsunder control.这个有助于国际奥委会管理奥运会ensure vt.to make sure;guarantee确保,保证,保护I canlensure Lhalhe willbe therein lime.我不能确定他会及时到达那里How doI ensuremyself fromrisks我怎样才能使自己免于危险呢?This pi11will ensurehim agood nightssleep.这颗药丸保证他一个晚上睡得好ensure sb.against/from danger确保…免于危险相关链接make surethat+clause确保...make sure of sth弄清楚makesureto dosth....确信Make surethatyou dont upsetany of them.He madesureofLhe ti meand place.他弄清了时间和地点Make sureto turnoff theradio beforeyou goout.你出去前一定要把收音机关了辨析sure/certain两个词都可以作表语,表示“确信,有把握”,但sure的主语只能是人,而certain的主语是人或物皆可,还可用it作形式主语Im surethat Ivemet him.我确信我遇到他了Are youcertain of/abouL lhaL你确信那件事吗?Its certainthat yourteam wi11win.你们队肯定取胜.keep...under control(状态动词)使处于控制之下;控制住bring/get...under control(瞬间动词)使-----------置于控制之下be/get out of control不受控制/失去控制The childrenare/have gotoutofcontrol.be in control ofsth/sb.=be incharge ofsth./sb.管理/掌握----------be in/under the control ofsb.=be in/under thecharge ofsb.被/由-------管理/掌握The situationisin thecontrolof thecurrent government.The currentgovernment isincontrolcf thesituation.现政府控制着形势control vt.克制(情感等),抑制control onesanger抑制愤怒:control oneself克制自己、抑制自己
30.remove vt.移走;排除He removedthe pictureand putit in the drawer.他把画取下来,放到抽屉里开除Thev removedhim fromhis position.他们撤销了他的职务vi.迁移;移居Our officehas removed.我们的机关迁移了take...away移到别处,搬动They allcame tohelp removethe stones.take off月兑掉Come andremove yourwet coat.Remove yourgloves whenshaking handswith others.与别人握手时脱掉手套.get ridof除掉,消除Its difficultto removethe unpleasantimpression.
31.make way for...给----让路/让位make ones way to/across/through...(辛苦地)前进,行走give wayto...给-----让路/向----屈服、让步We should_make wayfor/give wayto anambulance whendriving.As isknown toall,all traffichas to make wayfor fire-engine.Wc shouldntmake wayfor theirdemands.我们不能屈服于他们的要求When oldermen retire,they makewayforyounger mento take their places.(让位于)all theway一路上,一直;大老远by theway顺便说一声;在途中by wayof经过,经由find ones way找到路,设法到达in away在某种程度上;有点,有几分in noway决不inthe/onesway挡路lead theway领路,带路lose onesway迷路make onesway(辛苦地)前进,行走no way没门on the/onesway(to)在途中;渐趋于under way(月壮只)航行中,(计划)进行中
32.supporter n.支持者Are youa supporterof thenew law你是新法律的支持者吗?support vt.支撑;托住These postssupport theroof.这些柱子支撑着房顶资助;鼓励;帮助She supportsher husbandon themoney sheearns fromteaching.她用教书挣的钱资助丈夫拥护;支持Which footballteam do you support你支持哪个足球队?branch n.树枝The branchesof the trees arecut offto gothrough winter.树上的树枝被砍去过冬分支;支流A branchof theChangjiang riverflows throughour hometown.长江的一条分支流经我们的家乡The companyshead officeisinthe city,but ithas branchesall over the country.公司的总部在这个城市,但它的分公司遍布全国各地
33.maintain vt.保持;维持The twocountries havemaintained friendlyrelations formany years.两国多年来一直保持着友好的关系坚持;主张She maintainsthattheaccusation isgroundless.她坚持该指控是毫无根据的供给;赡养He hasto maintain his wifeand twochildren.他必须养活妻子和两个孩子He hasworked hardto maintainhis familv.他努力工作来养家The carhas alwaysbeen properlymaintained.这汽车一直保养得很好
34.balance n.平衡a balanceddiet(营养)均衡的饮食
(1)天平、秤weigh sth.on the balance
(2)(收支、借贷等)相抵、结存I have a balance of$5000in myaccount....(帐户有...余额)His bankbalance isntvery large.他的银行存款不多
(3)[u]平衡,均衡;平静,镇定,调和常见短语如下break the balanceofpower打破(尤其指国家间的)势力的均衡keep one#s balance保持平衡,保持直立;保持镇定(=keep calm)lose onesbalance失去平衡;慌乱,心绪紊乱(=be nervousand upset)He wassurrounded byso manydangers thathe losthis balance.平衡,均衡I foundit hardto keepmv balanceon theicv path.我觉得在冰滑小道上走路要保持身体平衡是相当困难的天平,秤Wei^h thatloaf ofbread on thebalance,please.把那块面包放在秤上称一称The chemicalmust beweighted on thebalancebefore theexperiment.实验前化学品要在天平上称一下vt.vi.(使)平衡,(使)均衡When youlearn toride abicycle you must learnto balance.你学骑脚踏车时必须学会保持平衡You have to balancethe advantagesof livingdowntown againstthe disadvantages.你必须权衡住在市中心的利弊
35.revise vt.校阅;校订revise thefigures/the dictionary/the contract(合同)We arebusv revisingproposals.修正方案He wasrevising what he hadwritten.他正在修改他所写的东西修正;改变Ill have to revisemv ideasabout Tom.我必须改变对汤姆的看法温习;重温Ive beenrevising mylessons allweek.我整个星期都在复习功课
36.involve v.包括,涉及(常与in连用)使陷入Dont involveother peoplein yourtrouble.别把别人牵涉进你的麻烦中去All the children wereinvolved inthe schoolplay.所有的孩子都参加了学校排的戏剧This lessoninvolves a lot ofwork.这一课需要做的工作有很多The demonstrationinvolved200students.有200名学生参加了这次示威游行involve with与某人有密切关系Dont involvevourself withthose people.不要和那些人混在一起语法点津情态动词情态动词有cancould,maymight,mustmust,have to,shallshould,will would,needneed,daredared,ought to,情态动词无人称和数的变化,它与其后面的动词原形合成谓语情态动词的具体用法如下~can和could的用法
1.表示能力或客观可能性,还可以表示请求和允许例如Can youfinish thiswork tonightMan cannotlive withoutair.Can Igo nowYes,you can.©could也可表示请求语气委婉.主要用于疑问句.不可用于肯定句,答语应用can即could不能用于现在时态的简略答语中例如Could Icome tosee youtomorrow Yes,you can否定答语可以用No,Tm afraidnot.
②can表示能力时,还可用be able to代替例如Ill notbe ableto comethis afternoon.can只能用于一般现在时和一般过去时could的句子中,be ableto可以用在任何时态中,另外can只表明具备某种能力.但不一定做了,可be ableto不仅具备了某种能力.而且还实际实施了
2.表示惊异.怀疑,不相信态度主要用在否定旬、疑问句或感叹句中Can thisbe trueHowcan you be socareless!This cannotbe doneby him.
3.can could+have+过去分词”的疑问或否定形式表示对过发生的行为怀疑或不肯定例如He cannot havebeen to thattown.Can hehave gotthe book*注意can习惯用法
①cannot but不得不I cannotbut admirehis courage.我不得不佩服他的勇气
②cannot couldnthelp+doing情不自禁;如When Iheard whatthe littlegirl saidI couldnthelp laughing,当我听见小女孩所讲的,不禁大笑起来
③can but只好,We canbut agreewith him.我们只好同意他
⑤表示经过努力才能完成之事不可用could,而只可用beableto.如Because heworked hardhe wasabletopass theexam.
⑥可表示轻微的怀疑如His storycouldn tbe truebut I really thinkitis.Well,I couldntdo thejob today,but Idrather putit offuntil Saturday.我今天是可做这件事.但我宁愿拖到周六(-)may和might的用法
1.表示许可表示请求、允许时,might比may的语气更委婉一些,否定回答时要用mustnt表示“不可以”、“禁止、“阻止”之意例如You maydrive thecar.Might Iuse your pen No,you mustnt.用May I...征询对方许可在文体上比较正式,在口气上比较客气在日常用语中,用can
1.征询对方意见在现代口语中更为常见
2.表示推测、可能(疑问句不能用于此意)He maybeverybusy now.
3.用于析使句中表示祝愿例如May yousucceed!
4.表示请求或规劝例如You mightpay moreattention tome.
5.“may(might)+have+过去分词”表示对过去发生的行为的推测例如He may not havefinished thework.注意may的其他用法
①maynot表示一种礼貌的“不可”如You maynot leave the thinghalf done.
②用于祝愿的句子中May yousucceed.
③might可表示忠告责备如Yon havebroken twodishes.You mighttry to be morecareful.
④may well+原形理所当然You maywell sayso,你当然可以这样讲
⑤may aswe11二had better最好We may as wellstay wherewe are.我们最好是留在原处@mayas well+原形+as+原形与其....不如;最好.....不要;如You mightaswellthrow yourmoney awayas lenditto him.你要借给他钱,不如把钱扔了
(三)can和may的用法
1.表示可能时may仅用语肯定句;而can可用于各种句式如You maybe right.你可能是对的(may用于肯定句)You canbe right.你可能是对的(can用于肯定句)Canyoube right你可能是对的吗(can用于疑问句)You cannotbe right.你不可能是对的(can用于否定句)contemporary people.能描述运动项目和当代运动名人;语Modal verbs情态动词法答案重点单词拓展
1.separate;separate
2.movement;move
3.attempt
4.leading;lead
5.attraction;attract
6.peacefully;peaceful;peace
7.significance;significant
8.requirement;require
9.state;statement
10.absence;absent
11.excite;excited/exciting
12.compete;competition
13.contribution;contribute
14.supporter;support重点短语归纳l.in
2.save
3.take
4.honor
5.by
6.win
7.from
8.forward
9.to do
10.proud
11.public
12.related
13.as
14.all
15..in
16.take
17.watch
18.variety
19.future
20.go
21.realize
22.host
23.peacefully
24.plan
25.opening
26.with
27.contributions
28.in
29.attention
30.break
31.control
32.it【重点突破】
2.Many peopleenjoy playingdifferent sportswhile othersjust enjoywatching them.许多人喜欢玩各种运动,然而另一些人仅喜欢观看运动while用法小结conj.1)在……期间,当……时候相当于when(从句接延续性动词)He fellasleep whiledoing hishomework..他做着做着功课就睡着了While inVienna,he studiedmusic,他在维也纳时学习音乐2与....同时相当于atthesame time,as.While Marywas writinga letter,the childrenwere playingoutside.玛丽写信时孩子都在外面玩儿He listensto theradio whiledriving towork.他去上班一边开着车一边听音乐3)而,但是用以表示对比或相反的情况I drinkblack coffeewhile heprefers ilwith cream.我爱喝清咖啡而他喜欢加奶油的You1ike tennis,while Idrather dosome reading.你爱打网球,但我爱看书4)虽然相当于although,.2表示允许时,二者意义相同,只是may较正式而can较口语化如May1smoke inhere我可以在这儿吸烟吗Can Iuse yourpen我可以用你的钢笔吗?
(四)must和have to的用法
1.must表示必须,强调的是一种主观看法也表示责任或义务,而have to表示必须时强调的是客观需要have to可以用在更多的时态中如You musttake your doctors advice.(主观看法)你必须采纳医生的建议You have to takeyourdoctorsadvice.(客观需要)你必须采纳老师的建议You mustobey therules.(责任或义务)You willhave to do it again.你将不得不再做一次回答must引出的问句时.如果是否定的回答.不能用mustnt,而要用neednt或dont havetOo Mustwe handin ourexercise bookstoday Yes,you must.(No,youdont,have to.)
2.“must be+表语〃的结构表示推测它的否定或疑问形式用can代替must Thismust beyourpen.
3.“must+have+过去分词”的结构常用在肯定句中.表示对过去发生的行为的推测它的否定或疑问形式用can代替musta Hemust havebeentoShanghai.
4.have to的含义与must相似.两者往往可以互换使用,但have to有各种形式随have的变化而定must与have to有下列几点不同Dmust表示的是说活人的主观看法,而have to则往往强调客观需要例如The playis notinteresting.Ireallymust gonow.I hadtoworkwhen I was yourage.2)must一般只表现在,have则有更多的时态形式3)二者的否定意义不大相同,must的否定式表“禁止”例如Yon mustntgo.你可不要去You don,thaveto go.你不必去4)询问对方的意愿时应用musto例如Must Iclean all the room
(五)dare和need的用法
1.need表示“需要或必须”作情态动词时仅用于否定句或疑问句中在肯定句中一般用must,haveto,ought to,或should代替例如You needntcome soearly.-Need I finish thework today--Yes,youmust.注意needn,t+不定式的完成式表示本来不必做某事而实际上做了某事例如You neednthave waitedfor me.
2.dare作情态动词时主要用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中,一般不用在肯定句中例如How dareyou sayIm unfair.He darentspeak Englishbefore such a crowd,dare he
3.dare和need常作实义动词有时态、人称和数的变化所不同的是作实义动词时在肯定句中dare后面常接带to的不定式在否定和疑问同中,dare后面可接带to或不带to的不定式例如I dareto swimacross thisriver.He doesnot dare(to)answer.Dont youdare(to)touch it!I wonderedhe dare(to)say that.He needsto finishit thisevening.
(六)shall和should的用法
1.shall用于第一人称表示征求对方的意见What shall we donext
2.shall用于第
一、第三人称疑问句中.表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示例如Shall webegin ourmeeting Whenshallweleavethehospital
3.shall用于第
二、第三人称,表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁例如You shallfai1if youdont workharder.(警告)He shallhaveabook whenIfinishreading(允诺)He shallbe punished.(威胁)
4.表示推测或可能例如They shouldfinish thework by now.
5.should表示劝告、义务、建议、命令,其同义词是oughtto;在疑问句中通常用should代替ought to例如We shouldlearn someEnglish.You shouldgo toclass rightaway.Should Iopen thewindow注意should的含义较多,用法灵活现介绍三种其特殊用法请看下面句子I shouldthinkitwould bebetter totry it again.我倒是认为最好再试一试You aremistaken.I shouldsay.依我看,你是搞错了I shouldadvise younot to do that我倒是劝你别这样做This issomething Ishould haveliked toasked you.这是我本来想问你的°从以上例句可以看出情态动词should用于第一人称时可以表示说话人的一种谦逊、客气、委婉的语气should还可以用在引导的if条件从句中,表示一件事听起来可能性很小,但也不一定是完全没有可能相当于“万一的意思,从句谓语由should+动词原形构成,主句谓语却不一定用虚拟语气例如Ask herto ringme upif you should seeher.你万一见到她,请让她给我打电话If youshould changeyour mind,please letme know.万一你改变主意,请通知我Should I(If Ishould)be freetomorrow I will come.万一我明天有时间,我就来此外Why(or How_+should结构表示说话人对某事不能理解,感到以外、赞叹、愤怒、惊异等感情,意思为“竞会”例如Why shouldyoubeso latetoday你今天怎么来这么晚?-Where is Betty livingBetty住哪儿?-How shouldI我怎么会知道?I dont know whyyoushouldthink thatI didit.我真不知道你凭什么认为这件事是我干的
6.should表示允许例如:It should be readyat noon.
7.should+have+过去分词表示应该做而实际上没有做到,(虚拟语气)You shouldhave startedearlier.
(七)Will和would的用法
1.表示请求、建议等,would比will委婉客气例如Would youpass methe salt
2.表示意志、愿望和决心例如Iwillnever do that again.They askedus ifwe woulddothat again.
3.表示习惯动作例如Fish willdie withoutwater.I.表示预言例如Oil willfloat onwater.
5.用“willbe”和“will十have十过去分词”的结构表示推测,主要用于第
二、三人称前者表示对目前情况的推测,后者表示对已经完成的动作或事态的推测例如This willbethebook youwant.He willhave arrivedbynow.
6.Would可表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向would表过去习惯时比usedto正式并没有“现巳无此习惯”的含义例如The woundwould notheal.During thevacation he would visitme everyweek.
7.表料想或猜想例如It wouldbe aboutten whenhe lefthome.What wouldshe bodoing there1thought hewould havetold youall aboutit.
8.would还可用于虚拟语气例如If Iwere you,I wou1d tryitagain.While Iadmit thatthere areproblems,I dontagree thatthey cannotbe solved.尽管我承认有问题存在,但我不同意说这些问题不能解决While thegrandparents lovethechildren,they arestrict withthem.虽然祖父母们都爱他们的孩子,但却对他们要求严格n.意为—段时间a periodof timeShe workedin abank fora whilebefore studyinglaw.她学法律之前在银行工作过一段时间It tooka longwhile todothework.做这份工作花了许多时间相关链接while awayvt.消磨时间I whiledthewholeday awayreading,我借看书消磨了一整天worth whileadj.值得花费时间The workis worthwhile.once ina while有时;偶尔after awhile过了一会儿inalittlewhile不久
3.Why do you thinksport isso popular你认为运动为什么这么流行?复合特殊疑问句疑问词+套语+主语+谓语套语为doyou think/believe/imagine/guess/suppose等Who doyou thinkis fillor lhejob你认为谁适合这份工作?When doyou thinkthe accidenthappened你认为并故什么时候发生的?What doyouthinkhas happenedtohim你认为他发生了什么事?Where doyou suggestwe shouldgo你建议我们应该去哪儿?Whom doyou supposehewouldgo with你猜想他和谁去相关链接I think/believe/guess/imagine/find/understand/trust/know/say/hear等可用作插入语,置于句中或句末,通常用逗号隔开但若置于定语从句中,可不用标点It wasfortunate,he thought,thatthe rain had stopped.=It wasfortunate thattherainhadstopped,he thought.The book,I think,isofgreatvaluetotheyoung people.
4.honorable adj.可敬的,荣誉的,光荣的ex:Though itis honorableto bea cleaner,many peoplewouldnt like todothat虽然做一个清洁工是受人尊敬的工作,许多却不愿做n.敬重,尊敬;被引以为荣的人物,荣誉,名誉;信用All the athletes triedtheir besttowin honor for their motherland所有的运动员都竭尽全力为祖国争光Hes anhonor tohis parents.他的父母以他为荣Its mvhonour to be invitedto contribute to vourpaper.承蒙贵报约稿,不胜荣幸vt.受到尊敬He washonored forhis couragein battle.他因在战斗中的英勇表现而受到尊敬inhonor of/inoneshonor为纪念,为庆祝;We helda specialDartv inhonorofour visitors.我举行了•个特别晚会向我们的来客表示敬意相关链接show honor to对某人表示敬意;have thehonortodo很入荣幸地feel honoredtodo因做.....而感到荣幸;on onezs honor以某人的名誉担.保
5.games n.game指有一定规则的,双方竞争的游戏或运动,既可以是体力运动,也可以是脑力运动,以输赢为主要目的而sport指户外游戏或运动,仅限于体力锻炼,包括娱乐性的及竞赛性的;不以胜负为目的o sports和games都表示“运动会”,但有大、小之分,如school sports(校运会),the AsianGames(亚运会),the OlympicGames(奥运会)
6.1am delightedto havebeen invitedto your school totalk toyou aboutthe historyand significance of theOlympicGames.我很高兴能够被邀请到你校跟你们谈谈奥运的历史和它的重要意义=Having been invitedtoyourschool...,I amvery happy.to havebeeninvited是动词不定式的完成被动式不定式完成式表示不定式的动作在谓语表示的动作(状态)之前完成e.g.:/am sorryto havekept youwaiting forsuchalong time.She seemsto haveread thebook before.He issaid to have writtena newbook aboutbusiness English.相关高考试题
1.Charles Babbageis generallyconsidered_____the firstcomputer.(1993NMET)A.to inventB.inventing C.to haveinvented D.having invented
2.Robert issaid___abroad,but Idontknowwhat countryhe studiedin.(1999NMET)A.to havestudied B.to studyC.tobestudying D.to havebeen studying
3.—-Is Bobstill performing_____the stagealready ashe hasbecome anofficial.(2005江苏)B.to leaveC.to havebeen leftD.tobeleft
4.AIDS issaid_the biggesthealth challengeto bothmen andwomeninthat areaoverthepast fewyears.(2006湖北)A.that itisB.tobe----Im afraidnot.He issaid A.to haveleft答案:CAAD C.that ithas beenD.tohavebeen delight n.乐趣;喜悦;欣喜The childrenwere madeto lau^h withdelight孩子们被逗得高兴地大笑adj.delighted欣喜的,快乐的Iwasdelightedtobe invitedto herparty.我很高兴被邀请参加她的晚会vi.(常与in连用)热衷于;引以为乐She delightsin cookinglovelv meals.她以烹饪美食为乐significance n.重要;意义;价值This facthas littlesignificance forus.这一事实对我们没有什么意义They failedto appreciatesignificanceofthe precautions.他们没有意识到这些预防措施的重要性What isthe significanceof thismeeting这个会议有什么意义?adj.significant有意义的,重大的,重要的This meetingis significant.这个会议有意义.意味深长的He gaveher asignificant look.他意味深长地看了她一眼
7.every fouryears每四年This isa setexpression toindicate timebetween twoacts orspace betweentwo points.这是一个表达时间或空间间隔的结构结构模式为every+基数词/few+复数名词;every+序数词/other+单数名词.To dealwiththecase,I hadto flyto Franceevery otherday/every threedays/every thirdday/every fewdays.为了解决那个事件,我不得不每隔一日/每隔三日/每隔几日就飞往法国一趟
8.At theancient games,theathleteswere allmen andthey hadto competewearing noclothes.在古代奥运会,运动员都是男性,他们不得不光着身子比赛compete v竞争,匹敌compete with“与.....竞争”compete in参与......竞争”compete for“为......竞争”a competetodosth.竞争做......”The studentscompeted witheach otherfor theprize.学生们为了获得奖赏而互相竞争Nobody cancompete with himin speech.演讲上没人能与他匹敌Several advertisingFirms arecompeting togel lheconlract.几家广告公司相互竞争要得到那项合同competition n比赛,竞争There wasa fiercecompetition amon£the journaliststogetthe news.记者们为获得那消息进行了激烈的竞争He isin competitionwith someworld-class runners,他和•些世界级的选手赛跑They believethat competitionin businessbenefits theconsumer.他们认为商业竞争对消费者是有好处的相关链接competition n.竞争;竞赛competitive adj傥争的;竞赛的competitor竞争者;对手
9.Unmarried womenwere allowedto take part intheir owncompetition ata separatefestival inhonour ofthe wifeoftheGreek godZeus.未婚女子被允许参加她们自己的、在一个单独的节日里的比赛,该节日是为了纪念希腊神宙斯的妻子separate在本句中为形容词,意思是“单独的,分开的”The childrensleep inseparate beds.孩子都睡在各自的床上They leadseparate lives.他们各自单独生活separate还可用作动词,意思是“(使事物或人与人)分离,分开”,separate...from...把......与分开This patientshouldbeseparated fromthe others.这个病人应该隔离The branchhas separated fromthetrunk ofthetree,这个树枝巳从树干上脱落了England isseparatedfromFrance bya channe
1.英国和法国之间隔着海峡相关链接separation[U][C]分离,隔离after along separation在长久分离之后the separationofariver河流的分支处the separationof infectiouspatients fromother patients.传染病人与其他病人隔离separately adv.We wantto payforthetwo coffeesseparately.这两份咖啡我们要各自付帐
10.Today,athletes fromaround theworld cantake part,no matterwhat languagethey speak.今天,来自世界各地的运动员都能参加奥运会,无论他们讲什么语言“take part in”的意思是“参加(某个大型的活动)”°How manyof youare goingto lake pari inlhe comingsports meeling你们中多少人准备参加即将召开的运动会?辨析take part in/join/join in/attend take partin多指参加大型的群众性活动并在活动中发挥一定作用,part之前出现修饰词时要用不定冠词join加入党派、团体或组织,成为其中一员°join后还可以接表示人的名词或代词,指加入到这些人中参加某活动.join the army参军join aclub参加一个俱乐部jointheparty入党join aunion参加工会join insth.参加(活动),相当于takepartin attend指参加会议、仪式、婚礼、葬礼、上课、上学、听报告等,有“出席,到场”的意思The oldman tookpartinthe May4th Movement.那位老人参加过五四运动He joinedthearmylast year.他去年参军(We arcgoing shopping.Would youliketojoin us我们要去买东西,你和我们一起去吗?The managerwil1join usin ourdiscussion.经理要参加我们的讨论She wasi11so shedidnt attendher classes.她病了,所以没有上学The partywas wellattended,那次聚会有很多人参加考考你用takepartin/join in/join/attend填空:
1.Eight millionpoop1e.joined inthe battleagainst drought.
2.In thefollowing yearhe joinedthe CommunistParty.
3.He decidedto attendtheconferencein person.
4.They gavehim thechance lo lakepari in designingnew iterns.
5.They weresent tohospitals toattend short-term trainingcourses.no matterwhat languagethey speak引导让步状语从句,等于whatever Whateverhappens,I mustbe calm,无论何事发生,我必须保持平静Whatever no matterwhat your jobis,its usefulto knowa foreignlanguage.无论你的工作是什么,懂得一门外语是非常有用的Whatever youdo,dont belate.无论作什么,不要迟到辨析no matterhow/when/where/what/who等只引导状语从句;等于疑问词十ever而whatever/whoever等既能接状语从句,也能接名词性从句,引导名词性从句不能用no matter…No matterwhat=Whatever thepapers print,some peoplealways believeit.不管报纸上说什么,总有人相信它She leavesher bedroomdoor open,nomatterhor cold=however colditis.无论多冷,她都让卧室的门开者Whoever comesfirsl willreceive apresent.谁先到,谁就会收到礼物You IIhavetogo on,whatever difficultiesyou meetwith.无论你遇到什么困难,都得坚持下去Whatever Ihave isatyourservice.我的-切都听你调配Howovor latoho is,Mother willwait forhim tohave dinnertogether.无论回来多迟,妈妈都等他吃晚饭
11.make/find/feel/think/consider itadj/nforsbtodosth Hemakes ila rulelolakepariinphysical labor.他把参加体力劳动作为一项规矩.He feelsitaduty tohelp others.We findit impossibleto finishthe taskin sucha shorttime.
12.side by side并肩地,并排地Alices dollswere linedup sidebysideonthebench.Thoy arewalking sidebysideinthepark.他们并排走在公园里类似的短语shoulder toshoulder,heart toheart,mouth tomouth,year afteryear handin hand,face toface,arm inarm13etoones attention:become theobject noticedby sb.成为某人注意的对象attention n.notice,thought orconsideration:Ladies andgentlemen,could Ihave yourattention,please Theyreorganizing acampaign todraw peoples attention tothe environmentallyharmful effectsof usingtheir cars.I knockedonthewindow toget/attract/catch herattention=make hernotice me.我敲敲窗户以引起他的注意.Many countriesare startingto turntheir attention to=to considernew formsof energy.To mydisappointment,no attentionwas paidto myadvice.When givinga lecture,thespeakershould dowhathecan tohold theattention ofthe audience.Fixing hisattention onthe noticeonthewall,the manalmost raninto thecar infront ofhim.He cameto ourattention whenhe madethe surprisingdecision.当他做出这一令人惊讶的决定时,他成了我们注意的对象.What theydidnt knowwas that their meetinghad cometotheattention ofthe USmilitary.It hasrecently cometo myattention thatsome ofthe boysare notworking hardattheirlessons.近来我己经注意到有些孩子不用心学习.attract/catch/draw/get onesattention吸引某人注意focus/f ixone*sattention on/upon,devote onesattention to专心于dircct/turn onesattentionto将注意力转向pay/draw attentionto注意hold onesattentionon将某人的注意力集中于
14.lightn光,日光,发光体,灯The sungives uslight duringthe day.白天太阳给我们光亮adj.轻的,发光的,明亮的,浅的The basketis vervlight;I caneasilv pickit up.篮子很轻,我可以很容易地拿起来vt.点燃,照亮We lit,1i^hted the candle andthecandlelit lightedthe room.我们点着了蜡烛,蜡烛照亮了房间两者作谓语,没有区别.lighted可作定语,而lit不可.The oldman cameintothehouse,with alighted candleinhishand.那个老人进了屋子,手里拿着一根点燃的蜡烛.
15.distance n.距离;间隔距离,间距Oil paintingis tobe appreciatedata distance.油画要在一定的距离外欣赏远处,远方You cansee themountain inthe distance.你可以看见远处的山I couIdsee thebus cominginthedistance.我看见公共汽车从远处开来了(时间或空间的)相距We spottedthem ata distanceof twohundred yards.我们在相距200码处就看到他们疏远,冷淡Keep yourdistance fromhim.你不要和他太亲近What distancedoyouhavetowalk toschool你到学校要走多远的距离?keep adistance保持一定距离Americans liketo keepadistancewhen speaking.美国人说话时喜欢保持一定的距离
16.record履历,档案,诉状,最高纪录,报告,录音,拍摄His voicedoesnotrecord well.他的声音录下来不好听显示;自动记下The thermometerrecorded37°C.温度计显示摄氏37度记录,记载Some recordsof ancientcivilization werediscovered recently.最近发现了一些古代文明的记录纪录He brokea recordin running.他打破了一项赛跑的纪录经历,履历;功过His recordis againsthim.他的履历对他不利The doctorkeeps arecord ofalltheserious illnessesinthevillage.这个医生保存着这个村庄所有严重疾病的记录The reporterrecorded whatthe actorsaid atthe newsconference.记者记录了演员在新闻发布会上讲的话The songswere recordedbvtheradio companv.这些歌曲是由广播公司录下的