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英语必修III译林牛津版Unit3语法精练精析学案主谓一致一.学前诊断
1.The blind______in specialschools.A.is studyingB.studies C.study D.has studied
2.Look!The teacher,together withhis students,________________now workingin thelab.A.is B.are C.were D.was
3.The museumI havevisited____________at theend of the street.A.stand B.stands C.is standingD.are standing
4.Three weeks_______not enoughfor meto writethe report.A.is B.are C.has D.have
5.Three-fourths of the homework_________today.A.has finishedB.has beenfinished C.have finishedD.have beenfinished
6.Either heor I______to goto Beijingon business.A.is B.be C.are D.am
7.More than70percent of the books_____________in English.A.is writtenB.has writtenC.are writtenD.have written
8.Large quantitiesof water__________needed forcooling purpose.A.is B.are C.has D.have
9.“All__present and all_________going well.Said theboy.A.is;is B.are;are C.are;is D.is are
10.How onetreats his parents__________great influenceon hischildren.A.have B.had C.having D.has在英语句子里,谓语受主语支配,其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致,这就叫主谓一致
1、以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句做主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式;主语为复数时,谓语动词用复数形式如His fatheris workingon thefarm.To studyEnglish wellis noteasy./What hesaid is very importantfor usall.The childrenwere in the classroomtwo hoursago./Reading in the sunis badfor youreyes.注△由what引导的主语从句,后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式,但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时,主句的谓语动词用复数形式如:What Ibought werethree Englishbooks./What Isay anddo isare helpfulto you.
2、由连接词and或both...and连接起来的合成主语后面,要用复数形式的谓语动词Lucy andLily aretwins./She andI areclassmates.The boyand thegirl weresurprised whenthey heardthe news.Both sheand heare YoungPioneers.注△
①若and所连接的两个词是指同一个人,物或同一概念时,它后面的谓语动词就应用单数形式如The writerand artisthas come.Trial anderror isthe sourceof ourknowledge.
②由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有no,each,every,many a等修饰时,其谓语动词要用单数形式如:Every studentand everyteacher wasin the room../No boyand nogirl likesit.
3、主语为单数名词或代词,尽管后面跟有with,together with,except,but,like,as well as,rather than,more than,no lessthan,besides,including等引起的短语,谓语动词仍用单数形式;若主语为复数,谓语用复数形式(就前原则)如Mr.Green,together withhis wifeand children,has cometo China.Nobody butJim andMike wason theplayground./She,like youand Tom,isverytall.
4、either,neither,each,every或no+单数名词和由some,any,no,every构成的复合不定代词,都作单数看待如Each ofus has a newbook./Everything aroundus ismatter.△
①在口语中当either或neither后跟有“of+复数名词(或代词)〃作主语时,其谓语动词也可用复数如Neither of the textsis(are)interesting.
②若none of后面的名词是不可数名词,它的谓语动词就要用单数;若它后面的名词是复数,它的谓语动词用单数或复数都可以如None ofus has(have)been toAmerica.
5、在定语从句时,关系代词that,who,which等作主语时,其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致注在one of+ns+who/that/which引导的定语从句中,从句的谓语用复数如He isone ofmy friendswho are working hard./在the only/very one of+ns+who/which/that引导的定语从句中,从句的谓语用单数如He isthe only one ofmy friendswho is working hard.
6、如果集体名词指的是整个集体,它的谓语动词用单数;如果它指集体的成员,其谓语动词就用复数形式这些词有family,class,crowd,committee,population,audience等如The classconsists of25boys and20girls./The classare doingexperiments.The populationof Chinais
13.6billion and70%of the population arepeasants.A people,police,cattle等名词一般都用作复数如The policeare lookingfor thelost child.
7、由“some,/half,/a lotof,/lots of,/plenty of,/the restof,/the majorityof+名词”构成的短语以及由“分数或百分数+名词〃构成的短语作主语,其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定如There area lotof peoplein the classroom./The restof thelecture iswonderful./50%of the students in our classare girls.z/A anumber of许多”,作定语修饰复数名词,谓语用复数;the numberof*...的数量”,主语是number,谓语用单数
8、由kind/type/series/quantity of等修饰的主语,其谓语形式取决于这些词的单复数而不是它们后面所跟的名词如:Large quantitiesof waterare neededfor wateringthe flowers.A newtype ofbus isnow onshow.
9、在倒装句中,谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致如There comesthe bus./On thewall aremany pictures./Such isthe result./Such arethe facts.
10、Many a+单数名词(许多);more than one+单数名词做主语时,谓语用单数形式如;Many apage inthis bookis missing./More than one studenthas failed in the exam.注:more than+名词复数或more+名词复数+thanone做主语时,谓语用复数形式,如More than20students areplaying basketball./More peoplethanoneare againstyour plan.11what,who,which,any,more,all等代词可以是单数,也可是复数,主要靠意思来决定如:Which isyour bag/Which areyour bags/All is going well./All havegone toBeijing.
12、表示“时间、重量、长度、价值〃等的名词的复数做主语时,谓语动词通常用单数形式,这是由于做主语的名词在概念上是一个整体,如Thirty minutesis enoughfor thework.
13、若英语是书名、片名、格言、剧名、报名、国名等的复数形式,其谓语动词通常用单数形式如“The ArabianNights isan interestingstory-book.
14、表数量的短语“one anda half,后接复数名词做主语时,其谓语动词可用单数形式也可用复数如:One anda halfapples isare lefton thetable.
15、一些学科名词是以-ics结尾,如mathematics,politics,physics以及news,works等,都属于形式上是复数的名词,实际意义为单数名词,它们做主语时,其谓语动词要用单数形式如The paperworks wasbuilt in
1990./I thinkphysics isnteasy tostudy.16trousers,glasses,clothes,shoes,chopsticks,scissors等词做主语时,谓语用复数,但如果这些名词前有a thepair of等量词修饰时,谓语动词用单数如My glassesare broken./The pairof shoesis underthe bed.
17、“定冠词the+形容词或分词”,表示某一类人时,动词用复数如:The oldare takengood careof here.
18、1当两个主语由either...or,neither...nor,whether...or not only...but also,not...but...连接时,谓语动词和邻近的主语一致就近原则如Either the teacher orthe studentsare ourfriends./Neither theynor heis whollyright./Is neither he northey whollyright Asfar asI know,notonlyhisparentsbut alsohis brothertreats thegirl verywell.2there be句型be动词单复数取决于其后的主语如果其后是由and连接的两个主语,则应与靠近的那个主语保持一致如There aretwo chairsandadesk intheroom.Practice
1.填空1His SelectedPoems_______________be firstpublished in
1965.2Twenty dollars_______________be enoughfor thecoat.3The poorwoman withher twochildren____________________see,begin astreet corner.4—Is thereanybody intheclassroom—No,the teacheras wellas the students_________________goto theplayground.5Three-fourths of the land________________coverby forestand grass.6—Have youheard about the newschool—No,when andwhere tobuild thenew one______________________not decide7E-mail,as wellas telephones,_______________________playan importantpart indaily communication.8The workerand poet_________________inviteto theparty theother day.9This morningI sawMr.Lee_________________kill achicken.10When Iwas herelast year,the bridgewas seen_________________buildby theworkers.
2.句型转换
1.Both hisfather andmother arefond of light music.改为否定句
2.We findthat itis importantto learna foreignlanguage well.改为简单句
3.If you can keepstill,you cansit on this end of the boat andyou canalso siton that end.用either...or改变句型
4.Helen is not good at Frenchand Johnis notgoodat French,either.用neither...nor改变句型
5.We believethat heis honest.(改为简单句)
3.单句改错
1.This isone of the mostinteresting questionsthat has been asked.
2.Many aship have been damagedinthestorm.
3.Neither Ior heam infavor ofher marriage.
4.Tom as wellastwo ofhis friendswere invitedto theparty.
5.About onethird of the booksis worthreading.
6.The numberof studentsfrom thenorth aresmall.
7.What maysurprise youare thatIm goingto theUS thisJuly ona summercamp.
8.More thanone workerhave beenfailedintheexam.
9.Each boyand eachgirl have a beautifuldream.
10.Maths areone ofthe mostimportant coursesin middleschool.
4.选择填空
1.Each ofyou_________responsible for the accident.A.am B.be C.is D.are
2.Each manand woman____________the samerights.A.has B.have C.had D.is having
3.Every means_________tried butwithout muchresult.A.has beenB.have beenC.are D.is
4.The manageror hisassistant_________planning togo.A.were B.are C.was D.be
5.Not onlyI butalso Davidand Iris_______fond ofplaying basketball.A.am B.is C.are D.was
6.Neither Tomnor hisparents__________at home.A.is B.are C.has D.was
7.Either thedean orthe principal_________the meeting.A.attends B.attend C.are attendingD.have attended
8.______was wrong.A.Not the teacher but the studentsB.Both thestudents andtheteacherC.Neither theteacher notthestudentsD.Not thestudents buttheteacher
9.The committee_________over theproblem amongthemselves fortwo hours.A.has arguedB.has beenarguing C.have arguedD.have beenarguing
10.Tom isthe onlyone ofthe stallmembers who__________to bepromoted.A.is goingB.are goingC.has beengoing D.have beengoing
11._____is toattend ourevening.A.both thesinger andthe dancerB.Either thesinger or dancers C.The singerordancersD.The singerand dancer
12.Interest,as wellas prospects,_______important whenone looksfor ajob.A.are B.were C.is D.was
13.The president,together withhis assistants,_______.A.have arrivedB.are arrivingC.had arrivedD.has arrived
14.A numberof cars________in frontofthepark A.is parkedB.was parkedC.are parkedD.has parked
15.The numberof articlespublished onsmoking___________amazing.A.is B.are C.were D.have been
16.Most ofthe doctors_________smoking isharmful tohealth.A.are believedB.had believedC.has believedD.believe
17.The majorityofthedamage_________easy torepair.A.is B.are C.were D.be
18.Not onlythe wholenation,butthewhole Europe,indeed thewhole humansociety_________________to changeits attitudeto racialproblems.A.need B.needs C.hasaneed D.haveaneed
19..When andwhere togo forthe on-salary holiday______________________yet,(03上海)A.are notdecided B.have notbeen decidedC.is notbeing decidedD.has notbeen decided
20.The fatheraswellas histhree children______________skating on the frozenriver everySunday afternoonin winter.(06辽宁)A.isgoingB.go C.goes D.are going
21.He isthe onlyoneofthestudentswho____________a winnerof scholarshipfor3years.(02上海)A.is B.are C.have beenD.has been
22.A poetand artist________coming tospeak tous aboutChinese literatureand paintingtomorrow.A.is B.are C.was D.were(06江苏)
23.With moreforests beingdestroyed,huge quantitiesof goodearth_______________________each year,(05山东)A.is washingaway B.is beingwashed awayC.are washingaway D.are beingwashed away
24.We liveday byday,but inthe greatthings,the timeof daysand weeks______________________so smallthat aday isunimportant,(07湖南)A.is B.are C.has beenD.have been
25.A surveyoftheopinions experts_____________that3hours ofoutdoor exercisea week___good for ones health.(07江西)A.show;are B.shows;is C.show;is D.shows;are
26.Most ofwhat hasbeen saidabouttheSmiths_______________also trueoftheJohnsons.(06安徽)A.are B.is C.to be
27.Professor Smith,along withhis assistants,________________ontheproject dayand nightto meetthe deadline.(05上海)A.work B.working C.isworkingD.areworking
28.(10湖南)Listening toloud musicat rockconcerts_________caused hearingloss insome teenagers.A.is B.are C.has D.have
29.(10四川)Such poetsas Shakespeare__________________________widely read,of whoseworks,however,some____________________difficult tounderstand.A.are;are B.is;is C.are;is D.isare
30.(10全国II)Barbara iseasy torecognize asshes theonlyoneofthewomen who___________evening dress.A.wear B.wears C.has wornD.have worn
31.Nowadays,the numberof peoplewho_______________hungry____been greatlyreduced.A.goes;have B.goes;has C.go;has D.go;have
32.Though there_______only asmall quantityof foodand waterleft,they managedto arriveat thedestination safeand sound.A.is B.was C.were D.are
33.Twenty-five thousanddollars____________the averageincome fora medium-sized familyintheUnited States.A.is B.was C.will beD.be
34.Every teacherand everystudent______________contributed to_________the schoola betterplace tostudy in.A.has;make B.have;making C.have;make D.has;making
35.Its notyou butMr.Anderson who_____________to answerfortheaccident.A.are B.were C.is D.was
36.______eitherheor Ito hostthe annualTalent Showinourschool A.Is B.Am C.are D.Be
37.Nobody exceptBill andJenny____________entered thesecond roundoftheinterview.A.have B.has C.havebeenD.hasbeen
38..Over80percent ofthepopulationof China________________peasants.A.was B.is C.would beD.are39The populationof China___________larger thanthat ofany othercountry inthe world.A.is B.are C.has D.have
40.He toldme thathe hadmailed partofthesamples andthat therest_______________________in afew days.A.has followedB.Have followedC.Was followedD.Were followingKeys:1was2is3was seenbegging4has gone5is covered6isnotdecided7is playing8was invited9killing10being built
1.Neither hisfather norhis motheris fondoflightmusic.
2.We findit importantto learna foreignlanguage well.
3.If youcan keepstill,youcansit eitheronthisendoftheboatoronthatend.
4.Neither Helennor Johnis goodatFrench.
5.We believehim tobe honest.1-5CAACC6-10BADDA11-15DCCDC16-20ADABA。