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高考英语语法解析一时间状语从句全解时间状语从句
一、从属连词的分类
一、从属连词的分类
1.表示当时候〃或*每当”的从属连词:when,while,as,whenever Donttalk whileyoure eating.吃饭时不要说话Vegetables arebest whenthey arefresh.蔬菜新鲜时最好吃He camejust asI wasleaving.我正要走时他来了Id liketo seeyou wheneverits convenient.—有方便的时间,我就去看你
2.表示在......之前(或之后)的从属连词before,after Tryto finishyour workbefore youleave.离开前设法把工作做完After wehave finishedtea,we willsit onthe grass.喝完茶之后我们将坐在草地上
3.表示自从或直到〃的从属连词since,until,till Shesbeen playingtennis sinceshe waseight.她从八岁起就打网球了Hold onuntil Ifetch help.坚持一下,等我找人来帮忙时间状语从句
二、名词短语作从属连词
二、名词短语作从属连词l.the+瞬间名词the moment,the minute,the instant,the second表示一就〃Telephone methe momentyou getthe results.一有结果,马上给我打电话The minutehe saw her hefell inlove.他对她一见倾心I wasso tiredthat Ifell asleepthe instantI closedmy eyes.我彳艮累,一合上眼就睡着了She putdown thereceiver the second sherecognized myvoice.她一听出是我的声音,马上就放下电话听筒【比较】一听到这个消息,我马上就来了
①I camehere assoon asI heard the news.
②I camehere immediately/directly/instantly I heardthe news.
③I camehere themoment/the minute/the instantI heardthe news.
④On hearingthenews,I camehere.
⑤At thenews,I camehere.
2.the+季节名词the spring/summer/autumn/winter表示在的那年春/夏/秋/冬天His wifeleft himthe springhe wentabroad.他出国的那年春天,他的妻子离开了他He soldhis houseand went to thesouth thesummer helost hisjob.在他失业的那年夏天,他卖掉房子去了南方She gotmarried theautumn shegraduated fromcollege.她大学毕业的那年秋天就结婚了He wassent toprison thewinter histhird daughterwas born.在他第三个女儿出生的那年冬天,他被关进了监狱
3.the+时间名词the hour/day/night/week/month/season/year表示在......的时候/那天/那晚/那周/那月/那个季节/那年The hourhe wasin heroffice,he feltvery sad.当他在她办公室的H寸4矣,他感到很伤心The dayhe returnedhome,his fatherwas alreadydead.他回家的那一天,父亲已经去世了The nightI wentto seeher,she had left forBeijing.我去看女也的另|3晚,她去了北京The yearhe livedin thecountry,he learneda lot.在乡下的那一年,他学到了不少东西Mr Smithdidnt goto workthe weekhis wifewas ill.史密斯先生在他妻子生病的那个星期没去上班
4.the+序数词+time the first time/thesecondtime/the nexttime/the lasttime第一次/第二次/下次/上次My girlfriendbeat meat chessthefirsttime weplayed.我头一次和女朋友下棋,她就把我打败了The secondtime I sawher,she lookedlike anold woman.我第二次见到她时,她看上去像一个老太婆The thirdtime Iwent there,I foundall ofthe officeswere allempty.我第三次去那儿时,发现所有的办公室都是空的Next timeyou comein,please closethe door.下次你进来,请关门The lasttime wetalked hesaid heneeded anothertwo days.上次我们谈话时他说他还需要两天
5.不定代词+time everytime/each time/any time每次/每次/随时Every timeI ringher,the phoneis engaged•我每次给她才丁电话,电话者K占线He feltnervous eachtime shespoke tohim.每次女也和他讲话,他都感至U紧张Any timeyou cometo Londondo cometo seeme.无论什么时候来伦敦,你一定要来看我时间状语从句
三、时间从属连词的用法
三、时间从属连词的用法l.when1when引导的时间状语从句中,既可用短暂性动词也可用延续性动词I boughtthe carwhen Ireceived myfirst salary.我是在领第一笔薪水的时候买的车短暂性动作Dont getexcited whenyou talk.说话的时候不要激动延续性动作2when引导时间状语从句时,要遵循主将从现原则I shalltell herthe goodnews whenshe comes.她来时,我将告诉她这个好消息When Igrow up,III bea nurseand lookafter patients.我长大后要当一名护士,照顾病人3whenever表示过去或现在的习惯动作,意为每当......的时候〃We shallgo wheneverwe arefree.我们一有空就去They werescolded wheneverthey werelate forschool.每当他们上学迟到都要挨骂
2.while1while引导的时间状语从句中,只能用延续性动词They arrivedwhile Iwas sunbathing.当我正在进行日光浴时,他们来了While wewere talking,he camein.我们正在谈话时,他进来了2while表示在......过程中,强调某一段时间内主句与从句的谓语动作同时发生Keep aneye onmy littlesister whileI amaway.我不在时,请照看一下我的小妹妹While youare young,you mustwork hard.趁年轻的时候,你要努力工作
3.as1as引导时间状语从句时,多强调主句和从句中的动作或状态同时发生As Iwaited atthe stop,Ihearda bignoise.在车站等车时,我听到一个很大的声响She roseup ashe entered.他进来时,她站了起来2as意为随着......”,表示随着时间的变化而变化We getwiser aswe getolder.我们随着年龄的增长而变得越来越聪明As thesun rosethe frogdispersed.太阳出来雾就消散【比较】日子一天天过去,天气越变越坏©As theday wenton,the weathergot worse,as弓[导时间状语从句
②With theday goingon,the weathergot worse,with短语作主语
4.till,until1till和until一般可以互换,意为直到......为止They waitedtill/until Ireturned.他们一直等到我回来I shallwork till/until elevenoclock.我要工作到11点2短暂性动词用于not...until”句式;延续性动词则用肯定式She workeduntil one oclock in the morning.她——直工作至U凌晨——点延续性动词She didnot stopworking untiloneoclockinthemorning.她一直工作到凌晨一点短暂性动词3not until…〃置于句首时用倒装形式Not until1998did hereturn tohis hometown.直到1998年他才回到家乡Not untilFather cameback didwe beginto havesupper lastnight.昨晚直到父亲回来,我们才开始吃晚饭4not...until”句式的强调形式It wasnot untilyesterday thatI noticedit.直到昨天我才注意到此事It wasnot untilIsawMary thatI felthappy.直到见到玛丽我才高兴起来
5.since1sinee引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时,主句用现在完成时,意为自从......以来〃Since Ileft schooltill now,I havewritten tohim twice.自从我离开学校到现在,我给他写过两封信Since hewenttoShanghai,I havenot heardfrom him.自从他去了上海以后,我就没有接到过他的信2It is+一段时间+since〃句式It isa longtime sincehe left.自从他离开,已经有很长时间了It isthree yearsalready sincehe cameto studyin thisuniversity.自从他到这个大学来学习,已经有三年了
(3)sinee引导的时间状语从句中,谓语动词用短暂性动词和延续性动词意义不同Since hebegan tolive here,I havenot seenhim.自从他住到这里,我就没有见过他(短暂性动词)Since helived here,I havenot seenhim.自从他离开这里,我就没有见过他(延续性动词)It istwo yearssince Iserved inthe army.自从我复员以来已经两年了(延续性动词)It istwo yearssince Ibegan toserve inthe army.我参军已经两年了(短暂性动词)
6.before
(1)表示在......之前〃We dowant tobuy somethingnow beforeprices goup.在物价上涨之前我们的确想买点东西The trainhadleftbefore Iarrived atthe station.在我到达车站之前火车巳开走了
(2)表示在......之后才......〃It wasmidnight before he cameback.他半夜以后才回来The AmericanCivil Warlasted fouryears beforethe northwon inthe end.美国南北战争持续了四年,北方才最终取得胜利
(3)表示还未来得及......就......Someone calledme up,but theyhung upbefore I could answerthe phone.有人给我打电话,可是我还没来得及接,电话就挂断了He jumpedinto thewater beforeIcouldstop him.我还没有来得及阻止他,他就跳进了水里
(4)表示趁着......〃We canset offearly beforeit getshot.我们可以趁着天不热早点出发Youd betterwrite thephrases downbefore youforget them.趁着你还没有忘记,赶紧把这些词组写下来.Please putthem awaybefore theyare missing.趁着还没有丢,把它们收好吧
(5)表示不知不觉多少时间已经过去了Time passedquickly andthree yearswent by beforeheknew it.时间飞快地流逝,不知不觉中三年已过去了Several weekshad gonebybeforeI realizedthe paintingwas missing.几周过去了,我才意识到这幅画不见了It was...before过了(多长时间)才...It willbe...before要用(多长时间)才....It wasnt...before没过(多长时间)就....It wontbe...before用不了(多长时间)就会...。