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Developing ideasI.阅读理解A Animalscan movefrom placeto place,but plantscannot.When an animal isunder attack,it canrun awayor fightback.Plants certainly cannot runaway,and theylack teethand claws.But plantscan defendthemselves byusing both physical and chemical means.Some plantshave theirown waysto keepanimals away.For example,the leavesof theholly planthave sharpspines(刺)that discouragegrass-eating animals.Holly onlower brancheshave morespines thanleaves onupper branches.This isbecause the lower leavesare easierfor most animals toreach.Some plants,such as the oaktree,have thickand hardleaves thatare difficultfor animals to eat.Some grassmay contain a sandymaterial;eating suchgrass wearsdown theanimals teeth.Many plantsalso havechemical defenses.Some plantsproduce chemicalsthat tastebitter orcause anunpleasant reaction.Some plantsmay fight against an attack byincreasing theproduction of these chemicals.When acaterpillar(毛虫)bites atobacco leaf,the leafproduces achemical messenger.This messengersends theroots theinformation toproduce morenicotine.The higherlevels ofnicotine discourage the caterpillar.Many plantsdepend onbothphysicalandchemicaldefenses.A certainplant inChina,for instance,has prickly(多刺的)leaves,and eachprickle containspoisonous venom(毒液).A singleexperience withthis kindof plantwill teachananimalto stayaway fromit in the future.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文文章介绍了不能移动的植物是如何保护自己的,有些植物采取了物理方法,有些采取了化学方法
1.The leavesof theholly planthave morespines on the lowerbranches becausemostanimals.A.are nottall enoughB.like thelower leavesonly C.are notclever enoughD.can getthelower leaves easily解析选D细节理解题根据文章第二段中的This isbecause thelowerleavesare easierfor mostanimalstoreach.可知,冬青树底部叶子上的刺比上部多的原因是动物更容易够到底部的叶子
2.To defendthemselves,oak treesuse.A.chemical meansB.physical meansC.bitter chemicalsD.sandy materials解析选B细节理解题根据第三段中的Some plants,such asthe oaktree,have thickand hardleaves thatare difficultfor animalsto eat.可知,橡树的叶子又厚又硬,很难被动物吃掉所以橡树使用的是物理方法来保护自己故B项正确
3.How doestobacco protectitself againstanattackfrom acaterpillar A.Its leavesfightagainstthe attackby physicalmeans.B.Its rootssend amessenger todiscouragethe caterpillar.C.Its rootsincrease theproduction ofnicotine whenit is attacked.D.Its leavesproduce poisonoussand todrive thecaterpillar away.解析选C细节理解题根据第四段中的When acaterpillar(毛虫)bites atobacco leaf,the leafproduces achemical messenger.This messengersends theroots theinformation toproduce morenicotine.The higherlevels ofnicotine discouragethecaterpillar.可知,当毛毛虫叮咬烟叶时,烟叶会产生一种化学信使,这个信使会把信息传送到树根以分泌出更多的尼古丁来驱赶毛毛虫
4.What would be thebest titlefor thispassage A.Plants andAnimals B.How PlantsDefend ThemselvesC.Attacks andDefenses D.How AnimalsEat PlantsLeaves解析选B标题归纳题本文主要讲述了不能移动的植物是如何保护自己的,有些植物采取了物理方法,有些采取了化学方法B There is apicture:A polar bear islying lifelesson abeach.On theshore,in thebackground,stand threeguards,talking toeach other.One of them has a deadlyweapon hangingcasually onhis shoulder.This powerfulimage hasmade peoplequestion themotivation forthis kindof tourism,or ecotourism.Does ourproximity(接近)to largeanimals in the wild,frequently fueledby adesire forexciting images,lead tosuch animalsbecoming accustomedto humancontact Ifthat isthe case,surely thelosing sidewill endup payingthe ultimateprice forsuch proximity.To mysorrow,I haverecently returnedfrom atrip toSvalbard,and indeedstood twoweeks agoon thevery beachwhere thebear wasshot.The bearsdeath should neverhave happened.Was thebeach examinedbeforehand Wasthere accessto flares(照明弹)to scareoff abear thatappeared suddenlyThese arestandard measuresfor anyoperator.The incidentis probablythe resultof aterrible systematicfailure.Nevertheless,the incidentshould notnegate thevalue ofecotourism.In itsbest form,this kindof travelhas verylittle impact,or indeedhasapositive effect,ontheenvironment whereit takesplace.This canbe bymaking financialdonations toconservation groups,providing income to localcommunities,or ensuringprotection ofcertain areasor animals.In Svalbard,visitors becomeambassadors forthe endangeredpolar bear,increasing awarenessofthefact thatthe fargreater dangerthey arefacing isthe seaice meltintheArctic Ocean.Ecotourism isan expandingmarket thatbrings benefitsas wellas challengesto theregions aroundthe worldin whichit perates.Simp1yc1osing offthese regionsis notthe answer.语篇解读本文是一篇议论文文章通过分析管理人员将闯入生态旅游区域内的北极熊杀死这一事件发生的可能原因,告诉人们不要因此否定生态旅游的价值
5.Why wasthe polarbear deadA.It wasprobably huntedfor itsfur bytourists.B.It wasprobably frightenedto deathby flares.C.The properprocedures weren,t probablyfollowed.D.The beachwasn,t probablyequipped withsafety devices.解析选C推理判断题根据第二段第二句以及最后一句可推知,作者认为北极熊本来不应该被射杀,而悲剧的最终发生可能是因为海滩的管理者没有遵循应有的处理方法及程序
6.What isthe thirdparagraph mainlyabout A.Ecotourism couldbe developedproperly.B.Financial donationsshould bestrongly advocated.C.Environmental awarenesshas greatlyincreased.D.Visitors havea guiltyconscience aboutecotourism.解析选A段落大意题根据第三段第一句可知,作者认为该事件不应否定生态旅游的价值,然后该段其他部分阐述了生态旅游对当地环境以及当地经济的积极影响由此可知,第三段主要讲了生态旅游可以适当发展
7.What doesthe underlinedsentence inthe lastparagraph suggestA.More challengeshaven,t yetbeen accepted.B.Better measuresfor conductingecotourism area goodchoice.C.The environmentalbenefits fromecotourism arevery obvious.D.The positiveeffects ofprotecting touristshaven,t yetbeen felt.解析选B句意理解题根据第四段第一句可知,生态旅游是一个不断扩大的市场,给当地带来了益处和挑战,并结合画线句可知,仅仅关闭这些生态旅游的区域来保护环境并不是一个很好的解决方法,由此可知,实施生态旅游的更好措施是一个不错的选择
8.What isthe purposeofthetext A.To causereaders tofocus onpolar bears.B.To stimulatereaders toreflect onecotourism.C.To stressside effectsthat ecotourismhas caused.D.To analyzethe reasonwhy thepolarbearwas killed.解析选B写作意图题文章第一段描述了一幅图片,图片中一头北极熊被猎杀;第二段分析了北极熊可能被猎杀的原因;第三段说明不能因此次事件否认生态旅游的价值并表述了生态旅游的积极影响;第四段对生态旅游作进一步的总结由此可知,本文是为了引发读者对生态旅游的思考II.阅读七选五If anyonehad toldme threeyears agothat I wouldbespending mostof myweekends camping,Iwouldhave laughedheartily.Campers,in myeyes,were peoplewho enjoyedinsect bites,ill-cooked meals,and uncomfortablesleeping bags.They hadnothing incommon withme.]The friendswho introducedmetocamping thoughtthat itmeant tobe apioneer.2We sleptin atent,cooked overan openfire,and walkeda longdistance totake theshower anduse thebathroom.This briefvisit withMother Naturecost metwo daysoff fromwork,recovering froma badcase ofsunburn andthe doctor,s billfor myson,s foodpoisoning.I was,nevertheless,talked intogoing onanother fun-filled holidayinthewilderness.―3Instead,we hada pop-up camperwith comfortablebeds andan airconditioner.My nature-loving friendshad rememberedto bringall thenecessities oflife.4We havedone a lot ofit since.Recently,we boughta twenty-eight-foot traveltrailer completewith abathroom anda built-in TVset.Thereisa separatebedroom,a modernkitchen witha refrigerator.The trailereven hasmatching carpetand curtains.5It mustbe truethat sooner or later,everyone findshis orher wayback to nature.I recommendthat youfind yourway instyle.A.This timethere wasno tent.B.Things aregoing tobe improved.C.The tripthey tookme onwas arough one.D.I wasto learnalotabout campingsince then,however.E.I mustsay thatI havecertainly cometo enjoycamping.F.After thetrip,my familybecame quiteinterested incamping.G.There wasno shadeasthetrees wereno morethan3feet tall.语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文作者讲述了自己近三年来逐渐改变了对野营的看法,最后表达野营将逐渐成为人类回归自然的很好方式
1.选D上文They hadnothing incommon withme.说明作者原来认为他不会成为野营者,而下文主耍描述了作者从最开始进行rough travel到有了pop-up camper再到有了trailer的过程,在这个过程中作者对野营的爱好逐步增加,对野营的相关知识也在逐步增长,上下文呈转折关系,D项(然而,在那之后我将会学到关于野营的很多知识)起到转折作用,引出下文,符合语境
2.选C根据下文We sleptinatent,cooked overan openfire,and walkeda longdistance totake theshower anduse thebathroom.可知,作者的野营条件非常艰苦,C项(他们带我去的旅途非常艰苦)引出下文,符合语境
3.选A根据卜文Instead,we hada pop-up camperwith comfortablebeds andan airconditioner.可知,空处是与下文形成转折的内容,作者此次旅行用了展开式营房,A项(这一次没有帐篷)与下文形成转折,符合语境
4.选F根据第三段第一句中的going onanother fun-filled holiday可知,作者对这次旅行非常满意,再根据下文We havedone alot ofit since.可知,作者一家人都爱上了野营,F项(从这次旅行后,我全家都对野营产生了巨大的兴趣)承上启下,符合语境
5.选E根据下文soonerorlater,everyone findshis orher wayback tonature可知,作者希望每个人都能找到回归自然的方式,形成这一观点的前提是他自己已经爱上了野营,E项(我必须承认我已经开始享受野营了)引出下文,符合语境°III.应用文假定你是李华,你的美国朋友John写信邀请你在即将来临的寒假一同去非洲旅游,请你用英语给John写一封回信,告诉他你愿意前往并谈谈你对行程的建议内容包括
1.交通方式;
2.观光项目自然风光、野生动物、当地风俗等;
3.邀请他拜访自己的家乡注意L词数80左右;
4.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
5.开头及结尾已给出,不计入总词数Dear John,r mglad toreceive yourletter!Looking forward to your early reply.Yours,Li Hua参考范文Dear John,r mglad toreceive yourletter!And Imso excitedto travelwith youon wintervacation becauseI dobelieve Africaisaplace fullof magicand worthvisiting.First,we canmeet inHong Kongand thenfly toAfrica together.Maybe itsa goodidea torent acar thereand drivethrough thetropical rainforest,across thegrassland andthe Saharadesert.This way,we canappreciate theunique naturalscenery andexperience thelocal customsin Africa.In ourjourney,we mightas wellget closetonatureand seea varietyof wildanimals,such asgiraffes,elephants andlions.After thetrip,would youlike tovisit myhometown Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.Yours,Li Hua。