还剩26页未读,继续阅读
本资源只提供10页预览,全部文档请下载后查看!喜欢就下载吧,查找使用更方便
文本内容:
Unit1Topic1L重点词组
1.take photos照相
2.learn…什om…向...学习
3.in detail详细地
4.in orderto为了
5.give supportto...为......提供帮助
6.see sth.oneself亲眼所见某物
7.keep intouch with与......保持联系
8.sorts of各种各样的
9.make progress取得进步
10.draw up起草,拟定
11.thanks to由于II.重点句型
1.In oneplace Isaw childrenworking for a cruelboss.在——处我看至U了孩子为残忍的老板干活
2.1felt sorryfor them.我对他们深表同情
3.Where have you been,Jane你去过哪里,简?
4.She has gone toCuba tobe avolunteer•她去古巴当志愿者了
5.There goesthe bell.铃响了
6.Though Ihad notime totravel,I stillfelt veryhappy.虽然我没有时间去旅行,但是我仍然感到很开心
7.Now our country hasdeveloped rapidly.现在我们国家发展迅速III.语法
1.现在完成时态的构成助动词have/has+动词的过去分词e.g.You havejust comeback fromyour hometown.
2.现在完成时态的句式e.g.1I havebeen toMount Huangwith myparents.32I haventseen himfor along time.3Where haveyou been44-----Have youever cleaneda roomYes,I have./No,I havent.注意1主动、被动互转时,时态不变2主动句的主语是代词的主格形式,变成被动态by的宾语时,要用宾格形式如1People growrice in the south.Rice isgrown bypeople in the south.2She takescare of the baby.The babyis takencare ofby her.四.交际用语谈论英语的广泛使用
1.——Youll have a good chance topractice speakingEnglish there.…Youre right.
2.—But Tmnot goodat English.I5m alittle afraid.---Dont worry.
3.—Is Spanishsimilar toEnglish—Not really.Topic2一.重点词语Lbytheway顺便说一下
1.1epend on取决于......;依靠....
4.succeed in成功,达成
1.2ake yourselfunderstood表达你自己的意思
1.3n onesway to在某人去.....的路上
7.see sb.Off给......送行
1.4eave for...tifft^Wleave...for...i...
1.5n twentyminutes二十分钟之后
10.written English笔头英语/oral English英语口语
11.generally speaking一般说来,大致上说
12.as for sb./sth.至于某人/某物
13.be closeto…靠近......
14.in person身体上,外貌上;亲自
16.be forcedto do sth.被迫做...../force sb.to do强迫某人做某事
17.even worse更糟的是二.重点句型
1.1s AustraliaEnglish thesame asBritish English澳式英语和英式英语一样吗?
2.English isspoken differentlyin differentEnglish-speaking countries.不同的国家使用不同的英语
3.For example,there aredifferences betweenBritish Englishand American English.例如,在英式英语和美式英语之间有些不同点4I cant believe thatIm flyingto Disneyland.我简直不敢相信我就要飞往迪斯尼乐园了
1.1hope Iwont have any difficidty.我希望不会遇到什么困难
6.Whenever you need help,send mean-mail ortelephone me.无论何时你需要帮忙,给我发电子邮件或打电话
7.Not onlychildren but also adultsenjoy spendingtheir holidaysin Disneyland.不但青少年而且成年人也喜欢到迪斯尼乐园度假
三、语法学习用现在进行时表示将来现在进行时表示将来时,常有“意图”、“安排”(但不是固定不变的)或“打算”含义它表示最近或较近的将来,所用的动词多是位移动词如come,go,arrive,leave,fly,start,begin,return,open,die例Im going,我要走了When areyou starting你什么时候动身?Don Jt worry.The trainis arrivinghere soon.另U着急,“Q车马上就至【J了表示将来的现在进行时除了用于位移动词外,亦可用于某些非位移动词如:My uncleis meetingus tomorrow.我叔叔明天会见我们She isbuying anew bikesoon.她不久将买一辆新自行车四,交际用语谈论不同国家英语的不同点并了解交际中的身体语言
1.1cant followyou.Can youspeak moreslowly,please
2.Oh,it soundsinteresting.
3.If youwant tosucceed inmaking yourselfunderstood,youneedto knowsome ofthese differences
4.—Whats up—The foreigneris askingfor aride.
5.Generally speaking,AmericanEnglish is differentfrom BritishEnglish inpronunciation andspelling.Topic3
一、重点词语Un public在公共场所
2.at times=sometimes有时
3.feel likedoing=would liketo do想要做......
4..give upsth./doing sth.放弃
5..turn tosb.for help求助于某人
6..give sb,some advice on/about…给某人一些有关.......的建议
7..be weakin在.....方面很差/be goodat在.....方面很好
8..be afraid of doing sth.害怕做某事
9.make mistakes犯错误W.take adeep breath深呼吸
11.the besttime to do做某事最好的时间
12.do somelistening practice做些听力训练
13.reply to=answer回答
14.advise sb.to do建议某人做某事(名词advice)
二、重点句型
1.Could youmake yourselfunderstood in the U.S.A在美国,别人能懂得你的话吗?
1.1dont know what to do.我不知道该怎么办?
3.At timesI feellike givingup.有时我想要放弃
4.Try toguess themeanings ofthe newwords,and getthe mainidea ofthe article.尽量猜测生词的意思,理解文章的大意
5.I darenot answerquestions inclass,because Imafraidofmaking mistakes.我不敢在课堂上回答问题,困为我害怕犯错误
6.lfs anhonor totalk withall ofyou.与在座的各位交谈是我的荣幸
7.But rememberto choosethe onesthat fityou best.但是记住要选择最适合你的一种
8.I insistthat youpractice Englishevery day.我坚持认为你们每天都应该练习英语
9.Believing inyourself isthe firststep on the roadto success.自信是通往成功的第一步
三、语法学习wh-+to dowh-是指when,where,which,whom及how等连接词,它们和动词不定式连用,即为wh-+tod结构这种结构在句中常作主语、表语和宾语,作宾语时可以转换为宾语从句(对于谓语动词来说,wh-+to do不定式动词的动作是个尚未发生的动作,所以在转换成宾语从句时,通常须加情态动词或用将来时表示未来)如I dont know whatto do.=l don5tknow what I should do.She cantdecide whichto buy.=she cantdecide whichshe willbuy.反之,如果主句中的主语与宾语从句中的主语一致时,宾语从句(由疑问词引导)通常可以与“疑问词+不定式”互相转换如I dontknow whatIshoulddo.=l dontknowwhatto do.如果不一致就不能转换I want to knowwhat Marywill(:
10.(不能说:1want toknowwhatto do.)
四、交际用语谈论如何学习英语1but Ihate to speak Englishin public.---Youd betternot.
2.—I knowit5s veryimportant tolearn Englishwell.But ifsdifficult forme.-Me,too.
3.Have youever hadany difficultiesin studyingEnglish couldyou giveus someadviceonhow tolearn Englishwell---Youd betterfollow thetape anddo somelistening practice.I thinkthe besttime toremember newwords isin themorning.Unit4Topic1
一、重点词汇
(一)词形转换
1.successful(副词)
2.proper(副词)
3.completely(动词)
4.leader(动词)
5.succeedC名词)
6.hero(复数)
7.physics(形容词)
8.fix(同义词)
9.introduce(名词)
10.far(比较级)
(二)重点词组
1.go around环绕
2.send...into...二send up...into...才巴.送入
3.congratulations onsth祝贺某事
4.be proudof为...而自豪
5.be movedby为...而感动
6.Thanks/Thank youfor+n./ving sth感谢某人做的某事
7.have physicalexaminations做体检
8.in good/bad health处于好(不好)的身体状态
9.cant helpdoing情不自禁做...
10.take turnto(do sth)轮流(做某事)
11.no doubt无疑地
13.for instance/example例如
14.work on做......(方面)的工作
15.depend on/upon依靠,依赖
16.turn on打开
17.turn of关掉
18.turn up开大
19.turn down关小
20.click on用鼠标点击
21.look forwardto doing sth期待做某事
二、重点句型:
1.Now bigplans are being madeto sendup moresatellites andeven builda spacestation.现在中国正在计划发射更多的卫星,甚至建造一个空间站1句子arebeingmade是现在进行时的被动语态,结构be being+过去分词2主动句中的宾补如果是不带t的不定式时,变成被动句后,成为主补的不定式必须带to,常见跟不带to的复合宾语的动词有see、feek hear、make等
2.Tm movedby whatYang Liwei did.我被杨利伟所做的事感动了
(1)What YangLiweidid是介词by的宾语从句,意为“杨利伟所做的事”2be movedby为......而感动如The studentsare movedby theold mansstory.同学们为那位老人的故事而感动
3.Generally speaking,we arein goodhealth now.一般来说,我们现在的健康状况良好1generally speaking一般来说、大体上、大概”2in good/bad health处于好不好的身体状况如He has a cold,he isalways inbad health.他感冒了,他的身体状况总是不好
4.We couldnt help lookingat the earth again and again.我们忍不住再三地看着地球1can/couldnthelpdoing sth.忍不住做某事,不能停止做某事如I canthelp crying.我忍不住哭了2again and again一再,屡次,如The teacherhas toldhim again andagain.老师已屡次和他讲过了
5.1was ableto fallasleep assoon asI gotinto thesleeping bag.We tookturns to havea rest.一进入睡袋我就睡着了我们轮流休息take turns to do sth.轮流做某事o TheBrowns taketurnstolook afterthe baby.布朗一家轮流照看这个婴儿
6.It hasproved thatChina hasmade greatprogress in developing itsspace industry.这证明了中国航天业的发展已取得了巨大的进步It hasproved that...这证明了....
7.There isno doubtthat computersare widelyused byworkers inbusiness andtechnology.毫无疑问,电脑被商业,科技工作者广泛地应用.There isno doubtthat...译为“毫无疑问”如There isno doubtthat we should protect the environment.毫无疑问我们应该保护环境
8.Computers havemade the world smaller,like a“village”.电脑使得世界变小了,就像一个“村庄”make+宾语+形容词使......怎样如Well tryour bestto makeourcountrymore andmore beautiful.我们将尽全力使我产的国家越来越美丽.
三、日常交际用语Congratulations!Thanks foryour introduction.Pleased tomeet you.二Nice tomeet you.Its anhonor tointerview younow.What doyou thinkof ShenZhouVI=What areyour thoughtsabout ShenZhouVI
四、重点语法宾语补足语宾语补足语用来补充说明宾语,与宾语一起构成复合宾语可作宾语补足语的有名词、形容词、副词、介词和动词不定式等
(一)、名词、形容词、副词、介词短语作宾语补足语如
1.We callhim Jim.(名词)我们叫他吉姆
2.We mustkeep ourschool cleanevery day.(形容词)我们必须每天保持校园清洁
3.Call himin,please.(副词)请叫他进来
4.Leave iton thedesk.(介词短语)把它留在课桌上
二、动词不定式作宾语补足语可分为三种情况
1.跟带to的不定式作宾语补足语常见的这类动词有ask,tell,get,teach,want,invite,like,allow,wish,encourage等如Tell Janeto singus asong.叫简给我们唱支歌
2.跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语常见的这类动词有“一感feel、二听listen to,hear,三让make,let,have,四看look at,see,watch,notice如Lets havearest.让我们休息一会儿但这种结构变成被动语态时,to必须加上如He wasseen toleave theroom witha bookin hishand,有人见他手拿着一本书离开这个房间
3.跟带to或不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语这类动词只有help如Can youhelp me to washmy clothes你能帮我洗衣服吗?
三、分词作宾语补足语可分为两种情况
1.现在分词作宾语补足语,经常表示正在发生的动作可跟这类补足语的动词有see,watch,hear等如I hearsomebody singingin thenext room.我听见有人在隔壁唱歌
2.过去介词作宾语补足语,经常表示被动如You needtohaveyour haircut.你需要理发了Topic2
一、重点词汇
2.come true实现
3.Ifs saidthat据说
4.during/in oneslife某人一生
6.know/say forcertain确切知道/肯定地说
7.all thetime一直、总是
8.no longer=not...any1no more,not...any more
9.as longas只要
10.as faras就.....,尽...
11.make agreat contribution对…作出巨大贡献
12.the restofthetime在其余地时间里
13.at anytime在任何时候
二、重点句型
1.Because Imnot allowedto playcomputer games.因为我不可以玩电脑游戏allow允许、准许”的意思常用于以下几种形式1allow+n./prep如We cantallow sucha thing.我们不容许这种事情发生⑵allow sb.to dosth允许某人做某事如She allowedmeto go fishing.许我去钓鱼3allow+doingsth允许做某事如We dontallow smokingin thereading-room.我们不允许在阅览室吸烟4be allowedto dosth如被允许做某事The studentsare allowedto playgames on the playground afterschool.放学后学生们被准许在操场上做游戏
2.How doyou saythis in English这用英语怎么说?其意思与Whats thisinEnglish相同
3.Its made from wood.它用木材做的lbe made in在..・・・,地方制造,后接表示地点的名词2be made of用.....制造的,表示原材料未经化学变化,仍可看得出原材料3be madefrom用....制造的,表示原材料经过化学变化,已看不出其原样
3.have/has been与have/has gone的区别have/has been to sp,表示曾经到过某地----have/hasgone tosp.表示已经去了某地e.g.1I havebeen toMount Huangwith myparents.2She hasgonetoCuba tobe avolunteer Unit1Topic
21.重点
1.get lost迷路
2.each other彼此
3.at least至少4take place发生5because of因为
6.be strictwith sb.对某人严格要求
7.carry out实行
8.be shortof缺乏
9.take measuresto dosth.采取措施做某事
10.be knownas...作为.....而著名
11.work wellin doing...在...方面起作用
12.a coupleof一些13keep upwith赶上,跟上H.重点句型
1.Have youfound himyet你已经找到他了吗?
2.------1really hatetogoshopping.我的确讨厌购物-----So doI.我也如此
3.But itseems thattheir livingconditions werenot verygood.但是彳以乎他们的生活条件不太好
4.But greatchanges havealready takenplace inChina recently.但是近来中国已发生了巨大的变化
5.Because ofthe one-child policy,now mostfamilies haveonly onechild.由于我国独生子女政策的实行,现在大部分家庭只有一个孩子
6.They willno longerwanttobe ourservants,but ourmasters.它L等不再愿意做我们的人,而要做我们的主人no longer(通常在动词前),not…any longer;not…any more(用于非正式文体中)都可表示“(过去曾……)现在不再……”如She nolonger liveshere.She doesntlive hereany longer(或any more).她不在这儿住了(过去她曾住这儿)
7.This methodworked wellat nightas longas theweather wasgood and the starscou Idbe seen.在夜间只要天气晴朗,能看见星星,这种方法就能很好地发挥作用work well有效as longas只要
三、日常交际用语Whats it madeoffrom When/where wasit madeIt wasinvented in
1879.What willour futurebe likeI hopeyour dreamwill cometrue.
四、重点语法
1、一般过去时的被动语态谓语部分的基本形式是be的过去式was/were+及物动词的过去分词如When wasitmade它是什么时候制造的?It wasmadein
1980.它是1980年制造的When was the digitalcamera invented数码像机是什么时候发明的?It wasinvented in
1975.它是1975年发明的
2、时间前所用介词的速记歌年月周前要用in,日子前面却不行遇到几号要用on,上午下午又是in要说某日上下午,用n换in才能行午夜黄昏须用at,黎明用它也不错at也用在时分前,说“差”可要用上to说“过”只可使用past,多说多练牢牢记,莫让岁月成蹉跖Topic3
一、重点词汇
1.travel byspaceship乘宇宙飞船旅行
2.in thefuture
3.in orderto为了
4.ontheradio通过收音机
5.take partin参力口
6.grow up成长、长大
8.Whafs worse更为糟糕的是
9.be worthit有好处,值得一干
10.at a distance of相隔1l.send sba message给某人发送信息
二、重点句型
1.1dont thinkaliens canbe foundin space.我认为外星人不可能出现在太空里⑴当think,believe,suppose,imagine,expect等动词后的宾语从句含有not的否定词时,该否定应移至主句,即否定主句的谓语动词如I dontthink itwill raintomorrow.我认为明天不会下雨如果主句的主语是第
二、三人称,否定式一般不转移如He supposesthey wontwin thegame.他猜想他们赢不了比赛2can+be+过去分词,是情态动词构成的被动语态如This can5tbedone ina shorttime.这不是短期内能完成的
2.It has been twodays since we landedon Mars.自从我们登上火星以来已经两天To it用作主语谈论时间,常与since连用如It is或hasbeenthree yearssinceweleft school.自从我们离开学校以来已经三年了
3.Whafs worse,our watersupplies werevery low.更糟糕的是,我们的水供给是非常有限的Whats worse更糟糕的是类似结构还有Whats more更有甚者;更为重要的是
4.Its aquarter asbig asthe earth.它是地球的四分之一大倍数表示法倍数+as+形容词/副词+as如This boxis threetimes asheavy asthat one.这只箱子是那只箱子的三倍重
5.Mars goes around thesun at adistance of about228million kilometers.恒星在相隔大约228000000千米的地方绕着太阳转动1at adistance of相隔2at adistance在远处如The moongoesaround the earthat adistanceof380000km.月球在距地球38万千米的地方绕地球旋转The policefollowed himatadistance.警察远远地跟着他
三、日常交际用语Sound great!What isit aboutWhat fun!I cant wait.You thinkman canlive inspace one day IThink so.I hopeI canlive thereone day.
四、重点语法情态动词的被动语态:是由“情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词”构成如Aliens cannot beseen onthe earth.在地球上不可能见到外星人Other planetsmay bevisited sooninthefuture.将来其他的星球也会有人登陆Scientific researchshould bedone carefully.应该认真地进行科学研究These treesmust bewatered intime.这些树应该及时浇水
7.Whats more,the populationindevelopingcountries isgrowing faster.So it is.而且,发展中国家的人口在更快地发展的确如此
8.Our government has takenmany measuresto controlthepopulation.我们的政府已采取了许多控制人口的措施HI.语法常用于现在完成时的时间状语already,just,yet,ever,never,recently.e.g.
1.I havejust calledyou.
2.------------Have youever beento France---------No,Ive neverbeentoany Europeancountries.
3.------Have youseen himyet----------Yes,I haveseen himalready.Unit1Topic
2.as amatter offact事实上
3.break out爆发
4.live ahard life过着艰难的生活
5.in needof需要
6.provide sb.with sth.=provide sth.forsb.提供某物给某人
7.ones successin doingsth.成功完成某事
8.obey strictrules遵守严格的规则
9.take drugs吸毒
1.aim to dosth.目的是
11.inthepast sixteenyears在过去的十六年里
12.at homeand abroad在国内外
13.pay for付款
14.thousands of成千上万的IL重点句型1You mustcome fora visit.请你一定来参观2Well,once theyfind people in deed,they decideon suitableways tohelp them.他们一旦发现有人需要帮助,就选定适当的方式来帮助他们31think itis importantfor thesepeople tofeel goodabout themselves.我认为对于这些人来说,自我感觉良好是重要的4The worldhas changedfor thebetter.世界变得更加美好5With themoney,it hasbuilt thousandsof schoolsand trained2,300teachers.它用这钱修建了数千所学校和图书馆并且培训了2300名教师m.语法
1.现在完成时常与for或since引导的时间状语连用,表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在e.g.You havebeen inNew Yorkforalong time.The cityhas improveda lotsince Icame herea fewyears ago.
2.构词法合成词home+work=homework派生词:use---useful,happy-------unhappy仁爱英语九年级Unit2语言点归纳Unit2Topic
11.重点词组
1.chemical factory化工厂
2.pour...into...把......排放到....
3.inabad mood处在不好的情绪中
4.manage to dosth.设法去做某事
6.quite afew相当多
8.in pubic公开地
9.all sortsof各种各样的
10.in manyways在许多方面H.重点句型
1.Look,there areseveral chemicalfactories pouringwaste waterinto thestreams.看,有几家化工厂正往河里排放废水.
2.Everything haschanged.一切已发生了变化.
3.How longhaveyoubeen likethis你像这样多长时间了?
4.Tm alwaysinabad moodbecause I cant standthe environmenthere.我的情绪总是很差因为我受不了这里的环境.
5.However,not allpeople knowthat noiseis alsoa kindof pollutionand isharmful tohumans9health.然而,并非所有的人都知道噪音也是一种污染,而且有害于人类健康.
111.语法直接引语和间接引语
1.Granny saidJTm feelingeven worse.”Granny saidthat shewas feelingeven worse.
2.Do youstill wantto livehere,Granny the journalist asked.The journalistasked Grannyif shestill wantedto livethere.3・“How isthe environmentaround thisplace”thejournalistasked.The journalistasked howthe environmentaround thatplace was.Topic2L重点词组
1.asaresult结果
2.here andthere至U处
3.inthebeginning一开始
4.in danger处于危险中
5.cut down砍倒
7.prevent from防止
8.greenhouse effect温室效应
9.refer to提到
1.deal with处理
11.take up占据
12.cutoff中断II.重点句型
1.As weknow,none ofus likespollution.众所周知,没有人喜欢污染
2.Humans havecome torealize theimportant ofprotecting animals.人类逐渐意识到保护动物的重要性
3.Trees canalso stopthe windblowing the earth away.树木也能防风固土
4.Cutting downtrees isharmfultohuman beings,animals andplants.砍伐树木对人类、动植物都有害
5.Some thingsweve doneare verygood forearth whilesome arenot good.我们所做的,有些对地球很好,而有些不利
6.They canalso preventthe waterfrom washingthe earthaway.它们也能阻止水土流失
7.When itrains orwhen thewind blows,theearthis takenaway.天一下雨或刮风,土就会被冲走或刮走III.语法不定代词
1.定义指的是那些不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词
2.用法在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语等something,somebody,anything,anybody等作主语时,通常视为单数当形容词修饰它们时,要放在其后e.g.But thegovernmenthasdone somethinguseful toprotecttheenvironment.Topic
31.重点词组
1.not only...but also...不仅.......而且....
2.be supposed to应该
3.ought to应该
4.turn off关掉
5.instead of彳弋替
6.on time
7.make sure确保
8.push forward向前推
9.push down向下lO.pull up向上拉IL重点句型
1.For example,weshoulduse bothsides ofpaper andreuse plasticbags.例如,我们应该用纸的两面,并且重新使用塑料袋
2.Everyone issupposedtodo that.每个人都有义务那样做.
3.First,you oughtto turnoff thelights whenyou leavea room.首先,你离开房间时应该随手关灯
4.Easier saidthan done.说起来容易做起来难
5.Well,actions speaklouder thanwords.嗯,百说不如一做
6.There willbe alot ofhard worktodotomorrow,so makesure yougo tobed earlytonight.明天有许多繁重的活要干,今晚一定要早睡III.语法并列句由两个或两个以上并列而又相互独立的简单句构成结构为简单句+并列连词+简单句常用的并列连词有and,or,but,while,not only...butalsoe.g.
1.The riveris dirtyandthetemperature oftheearthis rising.
2.They workwell,but theyare slowand cantrun forlong.Unit3Topicl一.重点词语
1.be ableto=can能够,会
2.can,twaittodosth,迫不急待地做某事
3.haveagoodchancetodosth.有好机会做某事
4.practice doingsth.练习做某事
5.be madeby...被.....制做;be madeof/from...由.....制成;be madein...在某地制造
6.on business出差
7.be similarto…和....相似
8.translate.・.into..・把..翻译成...
9.have no/some troublein doingsth,做某事没有/有些困难
10.once ina while=sometimes/at times偶尔,间或11,whenever=no matterwhen无论何时
12.as wellas以及
13.mother tongue母语
14.take theleading position处于领先地位
15.encourage sb.todosth.鼓励某人做某事
16.call for号召二.重点句型
1.Disneyland isenjoyed bymillions ofpeople fromall overthe world.世界上数以百万的人们都喜欢迪斯尼乐园
2.I hopeIcango thereoneday.希望有一天我能去那儿
3.English iswidely spoken around the world.英语在世界上被广泛使用
4.It isalso spokenasasecond languagein manycountries.在许多国家它也被用作第二语言
5.It ispossible thatyou willhave sometrouble.你可能会遇到一些麻烦
6.lt5susedasthefirst languageby mostpeopleinAmerica,Canada,Australia,Great BritainandNew Zealand.它被美国、加拿大、澳大利亚、英国和新西兰的大多数人用作第一语言
7.And twothirds oftheworld5s scientistsread English.并且世界上三分之二的科学家用英语阅读三.语法学习一般现在时的被动语态英语语态有主动语态和被动语态两种主语是动作的执行者,叫主动语态如We cleanthe classroom,我们打扫教室主语是动作的承受者,叫被动语态如The classroomis cleaned(by us).教室被(我们)打扫
1.被动语态的构成助动词be+及物动词的过去分词+(by+宾语)其中by意为“被……;由……”,表动作的执行者如The glassis brokenby thatboy.玻璃杯是那个男孩打破的be有人称、数和时态的变化,其肯定式、否定式、疑问式的变化规则与be作为连系动词时完全一样如English iswidely spokenaround theworld.(肯定式)Englishisnot widely spokenaroundtheworld.(否定式)Is Englishwidelyspokenaroundtheworld(疑问式)Yes,itis./No,it isnt
2.被动语态的用法
(1)在没有指明动作的执行者或者不知道动作执行者的情况下可用被动语态如This coatismadeof cotton.这件大衣是棉制的
(2)要强调动作的承受者而不是执行者时,用被动语态如Her bikeis stolen.她的自行车被偷了
3.主、被动语态的转换主动语态主语+及物动词谓语动词+宾语(+其它)被动语态主语+be+及物动词的过去分词+by+宾语(+其它)。