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高中英语常用短语及句型归纳1.高考高频动词短语
(1)act短语act as担任……职务,起……作用act for代理(某人职务),代为(处理某事)act out表演(对话、故事等)act up捣乱,出毛病例如I actedas aninterpreter whileI was in Xiamen.Mr Blackis actingfor theold manin hiscase.布莱克先生代那个老人处理他的案件The childrenwere actingout thestory of the birthof Jesus.He’s atough kidand heacts up a lot.
(2)break短语break away摆脱,脱离break awayfrom…脱离……,奋力挣脱……break down出故障,坏掉,中止,累垮,分解break in打断,插话,闯入,强行进入break into…闯入……,破门而入break sth off(使某物)折断,中断某事物,突然停止break out(战争、火灾)突然发生,爆发break outin tears突然大哭break therule违反规定break through突围,冲跨break up分解,分裂,拆散,碎开例如:The thiefbroke awayfrom thepolice,but waslater caught.If youkeep onworking like that,you’ll break down sooner or later.The carbroke downjust onmy wayhere.If anyonetries to break in,the alarmwill go off.If anyonetries tobreak into the building,the alarmwill go off.She brokeoff a bit ofbread anddipped itin thesoup.I brokeoff theconversation andanswered thephone.Does everyoneknow whatto doif afire breaksoutIt maytake along timetobreakthrough the problem.In springthe icebergsbegin tobreak up.
(3)bring短语bring about引起,导致,使发生bring along把……带来,领来bring back拿回来,使恢复bring sb back送回某人bring sth/sbback to life使……生动/活泼,使……苏醒(比较sth/sb come back tolife复苏,苏醒)bring down使……降低,减少,使……倒下,使……落下bring down/up the price降价/提价[比较thepricego down/up价格下降/上涨]bring in引进(技术),赚钱,带来(收入),吸收bring on发展,引起,导致,使前进bring out拿出,出版,生产,揭露,阐明,使表现出bring to使苏醒bring…to use=put…to use对……加以利用bring/carry sthto/into effect实施……(比较sth come/go intoeffect开始实施)bring up抚养,培养,哺育例如A hugeamount ofenvironmental damagehas beenbrought aboutby thedestruction of therainforests.You’re welcome to bringalong a friend.The governmenthopes thesemeasures willhelp tobring down inflation通货膨胀.American countrymusic bringsin more than$10billion eachyear.This newkind oftechnology wasbrought inin theearly1980s.Stress canbring on=lead to/result inheadaches andother illnesses.Jenny openedthe cupboardand broughtout a couple ofbottles.He wasbrought upby hisgrandparents.
(4)call短语call at sp访问(某地),拜访(某地)[比较call on sb拜访(某人),访问(某人)]call back回电话call for提倡,号召,要求,需要,去接某人,接走某人call/shout for help呼救call in请来,召集,来访,打电话call off取消call on/upon号召call out大声呼喊,叫喊call sb…for short简称某人……call sbnames谩骂某人call up给……打电话,使人想起,号召例如We calledat Mike’s houseyesterday.All shipssailing on the oceans call forhelp byradio in English.I’ll call for myuncle atBeijing RailwayStation.Let’scall in adoctor for the little girl.Many of these songscalled on/upon theworkers totake up the struggle.I shallcall onhim tomorrow.I heardsomebody callingout to me fromdownstairs.Call meup tomorrow;my numberis
536291.Your lettercalls up the dayswhen weworked togetherfifteen years ago.Due to the badweather,the sportsmeeting has been calledoff.
(5)come短语come about发生,产生come across偶然相遇come along来,随同,进展,加油come at…向……袭击come back回来,想起来,复活come down下来,下落,传下come down to…到达,从一处来到另一处come for…来拿,来取come from…来自,出生于come in进来,进入come into being形成,产生come into use使用起来come off脱落,从……离开come on过来,跟我来,加油,来吧,赶快come on/upon sb/sth偶然遇见,偶然碰上,偶然发现come out露出,出来,出现,出版,发(芽),(花)开come overto…过来,顺便来访,从一个地方来到另一个地方come round/around(非正式)来访,串门come to…来到,出现,提及,达到,共计,结果是,苏醒come to an end结束,终止come to know逐渐地知道come tolife(变得)活泼,苏醒过来come tolight显露,为人所知come to oneself苏醒过来,恢复知觉come to/into power当权,上台come/go to ruin=fall intoruin变成废墟come toterms with…甘心忍受come true变为现实,成为事实come up被提出,上来,走来,上升,抬头,长出来come up to sb朝某人走来come up with…提出,想出(主意),找出(答案),赶上例如Anumber ofeducational reforms have come about as a result of thereport.I cameacross anold friend of minein thestreet the other day.Your Englishis comingalong reallywell.Come along/on!Don’t give up yet!Come along/on!We’re allwaiting for you!Suddenly,he cameat mewith aknife.Now,let’s come backtowhat I was sayinga momentago.It isimpossible for a deadanimal tocomeback.Snow wascoming downso thicklythat Icould hardlysee through the window.The airplanecame downin thatfield.Where does the filmstar comefrom,do youknowMr Smithcame inin ahurry,book inhand=with abook inhis hand.The lawfirst came into beingin
1912.By the time hecame to/into powerin1951,he was already seventy.How longis itsince theelectronic computercameintouseThe buttoncame off,but hedidn’t noticeit.There isno doubtthat the truth will come outone day.The trees turn greenand flowerscome out.This magazinecomes outonce amonth.Why don’t youcome around/round forlunchSome dayyou’ll come toknowthe mistakesyou havemade.If theydon’t cometoadecision bymidnight,the talkswill beabandoned.I’ve forgottenher name,but maybeit’llcometomelater.The billcame to£480in total.His dream of becominga filmstar cametrue at last.Achild cameup tome andshowed methe way.The sameproblems cameup at the meetingyesterday.They cameup with the sameproblems at the meetingyesterday.Searching throughthe drawer,I cameupon theletter I’d beenlooking for.
(6)cut短语cut away切除,剪去cut down砍倒,砍下,削减cut in插嘴,加塞,插入cut inline插队cut…into pieces/halves把……切成碎片/切成两半cut off切断(线路),中断(供应)cut out删除,剪下来cut thecost of…降低……的成本cut up切碎,剪碎,剁碎,齐根切掉例如He cutaway somebranches,making itlook morebeautiful.Alot oftrees therewere cutdownin the past.The electricitywas cutoff because of thestorm.He wassentenced to death andhad hishead cutoff the next day.Could youcut thepizza up,please
(7)do短语do about处理,应付do anddon’t要与不要do a good deed做一件好事do a lot ofwalking走很多路do a test做实验,做化验do a word puzzle猜字谜do an experiment/experiments做实验do awaywith废除do body-building做健身操do chores处理琐事,干家务do housework做家务活do make-up化妆,打扮do observations观察do one’s best尽某人最大努力do one’s homework做作业do researchon…从事……研究工作do sba favour帮某人一个忙do sbhonor=do honorto sb礼遇某人,对某人表示敬意do sbthe favourto do sth帮某人一个忙做某事do somereading读书,阅读,看点书do someshopping=go shopping购物,买东西do sports=have/play sports=take exercise进行体育运动,做运动,进行锻炼do sthin turn/by turns=take turnsto do sth/in doing sth轮流做某事do telephoneinterviews进行电话采访do thelaundry洗衣服do up打扮,梳妆,收拾,把(衣服,鞋子等)扣/系好do upone’s shoes/hair系好鞋带/梳好头do up the button扣纽扣do well/better in…在……方面干得好/更好do with处理,处置,对付do wrong做坏事,做错事(比较do right=do theright thing做得对)例如To tell thetruth,I don’t knowhow to do with him.I’ll have nothing to do withhim from now on.What didyou do with thatcamera youfoundThe poisonouswaste maydo greatharm to the thingsaround us.Eat morefruit;it willdo goodto you.I thinkI cando betterin Englishthis yearthan last year.Liszt said,“You’ve donewrong,but I can seeyou aretruly sorryabout it.”I’m going to domy bestthis year.I was only tryingto doa gooddeed.
(8)get短语get abetter understandingof China更好地了解中国get afull mark/full marks得满分get a lot ofsatisfaction得到满足get at意指,本意是get around=get about四处走动,活动get away移走,拿走,逃脱,逃离get awayfrom逃脱,逃离get back回来,回家,取回,找回,退还get close to接近get down下来,降下get downon one’s knees跪下get downto doing sth开始(做)某事)get in进入,收获,达到get in a word插话get into…进入……get sbinto…使某人陷入get it接(电话),应(门),理解,懂得get off下车,脱下(衣服等)get on上车,过活get on/along with…进展,与……相处get on one’s feet(艰难地)站立起来get out离开,出去get out of逃避,避免get over克服,恢复,原谅get up起床,起身get across理解,度过get through接通(电话),完成(工作),通过(考试)get to到达,抵达get to sleep入睡,设法睡着get/gain/take possession of占有,拥有,占领get readyfor为……做准备(比较be readyfor=be wellprepared for=be inpreparation for为……做好了准备)get ridof除掉,去掉get sb to do让某人做get theidea for…想到……的主意get the message across传播信息get together相聚,碰头,联欢get/be used to sth习惯于……,适应于……(比较be usedas sth被用作……be usedfor sth被用于……,用来做……be usedto do sth被用于做……usedto do sth过去常常做)get/be dressed穿衣服get/be engagedto sb(与某人)订婚get/be lost丢失了,迷路get/be marriedto sb=marry sb(与某人)结婚get/be stuck陷进去,被困住,被难住,遇到困难get/be tiredof对……感到厌倦,对……失去兴趣(比较get/be tiredfor因……而感到疲倦)例如I’m gettingon well with myclassmates now.How areyou getting along withyour EnglishHe got thebook awayfrom her.The bankrobbers useda stolencar to get away.When didyou getback fromthe countrysideHaveyou gotback thebook youlent him“Get downon yourknees,”said theGenie,“for I am going to killyou.”The dusthas gotinto myeyes.This mistakemay gethim intodifficulties.Before Icould get in aword hehad measuredme,and wasgiving ordersfor eveningsuits.If youknock intosomeone,or get into his way,you shouldsay,“Excuse me.”or“I’msorry.”When you are inLondon,you might get in touch withafriend of mine.The conductorgot offand checkedthe rails.She goton herbicycle andcycled off.You worktoo hard!You shouldget outa bitmore.If you don’t want to go,I supposeI canget ridoftheticket.We alltry to get togetherat leastonce ayear atChristmas time.It tookus onlyfour minutestogetthroughtheCustoms海关.I telephonedhim,but Ijust couldn’t getthrough tohim.She feltso coldthat shegot closeto hermother.It’s timewe gotdowntowork.The theatrewas alreadyfull,and wecouldn’t getin.The peasantsare busygetting in the crops.We didn’tgetup untillunch time.Hegotup andwalked overto the window.
(9)give短语give away赠送,给予,背弃,泄露,分发give back归还,送回give in投降,让步,屈服give off释放,发出,放出烟、光、热等give out用完,耗尽,分发,发放give over=hand over转交,移交giveup放弃,辞去give aconcert开音乐会give adescription of…描述……give/make aspeech演讲,讲话give atalk演讲,做报告give birthto生婴儿,生产,造成give closeattention to密切关注give medical care to sb对某人进行治疗give shadein summer夏天时遮阳give/lend sba hand给某人帮助give sba message=give amessage to sb给某人捎个口信give sba secondlook再看某人一眼give sba warmwelcome热烈欢迎某人give sbsome adviceon sth/doing sth/how to do sth就……向某人提出建议/忠告例如In thosedays,he usedto give away apart ofhis incometo helphis friend.Remember not to giveit awayto anyoneelse;it’sasecret.Both sidesargued withreason,and neitherwould give in.If they are burned,they will give offpoisonous gases.When theymade readyto climbthe nextridge山脊,they foundthat theiroxygen hadgivenout.Our Englishteacher isgiving out the testpapers.Both theman and the horsegave outafter the long ride.All hope of findingthe missingaircraft wasgiven up and thesearch stopped.Mary hadto giveup herjob afterher marriage.Mr Blackwillgive us atalk onhow tolearn Englishwell this afternoon.Could yougiveussome adviceon readingIf you won’t have it changed,please givemy moneyback.
(10)go短语go abroad出国go about四处走走,开始做,着手干go aboutfrom houseto house挨/逐家拜访go against违反,违背go ahead说吧,干吧,领先,走在前面go/walk around四处走走go away走开,离去go back回去go beyond超越go by走过,经过,(时间)消逝,过去go down下来,落下,倒下go downon one’s knees跪下go for为……去,努力获取,主张,适用于go for a hike=go hiking去徒步旅行go for a jobinterview去面试找工作go fora walk/walks散步go for sb对某人也一样go in for参加,喜欢go into详细调查go intodetails细说go off走开,离去,(闹钟)闹响gooffto=be offto=leave for动身去gooff the air停止广播(比较go on the air开始广播)go on发生,进行,继续go/be ondiet在节食go on a holiday去度假go on a tourto去……观光(游览)go ona visit to去……访问(参观)go ondoing sth继续做某事(同一事)[比较go on to do sth继续做某事(另一事)go on with sth继续某事]go out熄灭,出去,外出go over复习,过一遍,仔细检查,审阅go past从……的旁边过去go up上升,上涨,增长,攀登go with…与……相配go without忍受没有……之苦,没有……也行,没有……也能勉强应付go shopping/fishing/sailing/camping/skating去购物/钓鱼/驾船航行/宿营/滑冰go straightalong沿着……一直往前走go through通过,经受,浏览,仔细检查go throughwith完成go to bed(上床)睡觉go toschool/work上学/上班go tosea当水手go tosleep入睡go totown进城go toa movie去看电影go to the countryside下乡go home/there回家/去那儿go tosee adoctor去看病,去看医生go bad变坏go wrong出毛病,不对头,做错事,误入歧途go Dutch各付各的帐,平摊费用例如No onedared to go against the rules.—Do youmind if I openthewindow/Do youmind myopening thewindow—No,go ahead.I wentaway/off wonderingifI’d saidanything wrong.I’m afraidthe fishhas gonebad.Things willget easieras timegoes by.He wentby quickly,taking nonotice ofus.Ifyoureally wantthe job,go forit!Close all the doorsand lockthem whenyou goout.The samegoes forwindows.I goinforall thecompetitions.After ashort pause,Maria wentonwithher story.Suddenly thecandle wentout.Once againI wentover exactlywhat Ineeded tosay.Let’s goover whatwe learnedlast period.Do youwant metogothrough thisand checkyour spellingsUnemploymentin thatcountry has gone upby amillion.It ispossible togo withoutfood fora few days.Something’sgonewrong withmy watch;I must haveitrepaired.
(11)have短语have a break休息一下have abright future有一个灿烂的未来have gota cold/cough/headache/fever感冒/咳嗽/头疼/发烧have aconversation with sb与某人交谈[比较have adialogue with sb与某人对话have atalk with sb aboutsth(就某事)与某人进行交流have aword with sb=would likeaword with sb和某人谈几句,跟某人说句话]have agift for…对……有天赋(比较have areputation for…有……名誉/名声)have a good flight(坐飞机)旅途愉快have a good knowledgeof…对……很熟悉,通晓……have agood laugh over…对……笑了个够have agood/great/wonderful time=have greatfun玩得(非常)高兴,过得愉快have a/the habit of…=be in a/the habit of…有……的习惯(比较get into/form thehabitof…养成……的习惯get sbinto thehabitof…使某人养成……的习惯)have ahit风靡一时have a large population人口众多have/take a look看一看have ameeting/party开会/举行晚会have anice/pleasant trip/journey祝旅途愉快have gota painin the…(身体某部位)痛have apart-time job做兼职工作have agood rest休息have/take aseat坐下(比较have/take one’s seat坐某人的座位)have astomachache胃疼,肚子疼have asweet tooth喜欢吃甜食have aswim游泳have atable tennismatch举行一场乒乓球比赛have atest进行测验have atry试一试have/show anappetite for…有……的欲望或爱好have/make anappointment with sb和某人有预约,和某人有约定have aneffect on/upon…对……有影响,对……产生作用(比较influence…=affect…对……有影响have no effect/influence on…对……没有影响have agood/bad effecton…对……有好/坏影响have a great/little effecton…对……有很大的影响/影响不大have astrong influenceon…对……有很大影响)have/take anexam参加考试have aneye for有眼力,有眼光have anincome of…有……的收入have accessto…使用(接近……的)权利或机会have breakfast/lunch/supper吃早饭/午饭/晚饭have lessons/classes上课have mercyon…宽恕……,对……仁慈,对……表示怜悯have nochance ofsurviving没有生存的可能性havenochoice butto do sth别无选择,只好做某事have noneof…根本不理睬……have on穿着have sthon sb某人身上带着某物have/take one’s medicine服药,吃药have somedifficulty/trouble/problems with…在……有困难/麻烦事[比较have somedifficulty/trouble/problems indoing sth做某事有困难/麻烦]have something/nothing in common with…(与……)有共同点/没有共同之处(比较have much/a lotin commonwith…与……有许多相同之处have littlein commonwith…与……几乎没有相同之处)have something/nothing to do with…与……有关/无关have to=have gotto不得不,必须例如Class isover.Let’shave abreak.I’ve gota cough.Dad andI hadagoodlaughoverthat.They arehaving agood time.He stoppedto have alook.We aregoing tohave atable tennismatch tomorrowafternoon.Are wegoingtohave ameeting thisweekHere isa tree.Let mehave arest.Are yougoingtohave aswim?We’ll haveatesttomorrow.Where isPeter Iwanttohaveawordwithhim.Does shehave lunchat home?Then ithas nochoice butto lie down andsleep.He knewabout theorder,he knewwhy thesoldiers werethere,but hewould havenone ofit.We havefour lessonsin themorning andtwo in the afternoon.Most ofhis questionshave nothingto dowith hislessons.I noticedthat hehad onbedroom slippers.Please comehere andhave myseat,Granny.He hasn’t hadany medicine.At threefifty in the afternoonwe havesports.
(12)hold短语hold ameeting/party开会/举行晚会hold back退缩,踌躇,阻挡,控制住hold one’s breath屏息,不出气hold on等一等,不要挂电话hold onto抓住,保住hold out伸出,坚持下去,维持hold up阻挡,使停顿,举起,拿起,阻滞hold together连在一起,团结一致例如Anger floodedthrough her.She couldn’t holdit back.—Could Ispeak toMr Smith—Hold on,please.The littleboy heldout his hands.I thinkwater supplieswon’t hold out muchlonger.Sorry,I’m late.Iwasheld upat work.
(13)keep短语keep awayfrom避开,别靠近keep back隐瞒,忍住,阻止……向前,留下keep down控制keep off勿踏,勿踩keep offsb/sth不接触或不接近某人/某事物keep on继续进行keep out不得入内keep…out把……挡住,把……留在外面keep out of…不进入……keep up继续,保持,坚持,使(情绪等)不低落keep up with…=catch upwith…跟上,赶上keep adate赴约keep a healthy diet保持健康的饮食keep arecord/records保持记录keep aneye on注视,留心,注意,照顾(比较keep aneye outfor注视,留心,注意)keep busydoing忙着做某事keep fit保持健康keep…in mind=learn…by heart=remember…把……记住keep ondoing sth继续不停地做某事[比较keep sbdoing sth使某人一直/继续做某事keep…from doing阻止……做,不让……做stop/prevent…from doing妨碍/预防/阻止……做,不让……做]keep one’s appointment守约(比较break one’s appointment违约)keep one’s balance保持平衡keep one’s words遵守诺言keep safe保持安全keep silentover…对……保持沉默keep the same look保持原貌keep watch保持警戒,站岗例如I wouldhave beenhere sooner,but the rainstorm keptmeback.Every weekthere was a rebellion(造反)somewhere,andtheAustrian soldierswere keptbusyhurrying from one townto anotherin orderto put down therebellions.While Leonovwas outsidethe ship,he keptintouchby telephonewith hiscompanion andwith the earth.He kepton tellingus the same storyover andover.You maydepend onhis doingwhat hesays,forheisaperson whoalways keepshis words.Danger!Keep out!Will thisovercoat keeptherainoutIt isalso badmanners tokeep silentwhen theteacher asksyouaquestion.The rainkept upall night.I seeyou aregettingalongwellwithyour Englishstudies.Keep upthe goodwork.The goodnews keepsour spirits up.He walkedso fastthat Icould hardlykeep upwithhim.Every fewhundred metersalong thewall thereare watch-towers,where soldiersused tokeepwatch.There isa signthere saying,“Keep offthe grass.”
(14)knock短语knock at/on敲打(门、窗等)knock down把……撞倒,击倒knock into撞到,撞上某人,偶然碰见knock sbout of sth淘汰某人knockover撞翻,撞倒例如We knockedat/on thedoor butthere wasno onethere.He wasin hospitallast nightafter beingknocked downby acar.Tom enteredthe classroomhurriedly andknocked intoMr.White.He almostknocked intome beforehe realizedit.If noone answersthe frontdoor,try knockingat theback door.
(15)look短语look at看着,注视,检查look at oneself in the mirror=admire oneselfin themirror照镜子look after照顾,照料,照看look ahead向前看,展望未来look around/about四处看看,四下环顾look back回首,回忆,回顾过去look backon…回顾……,回忆……look forwardto sth/doing sth盼望,期盼某事物/做某事look for寻找,找look in来访,参观look into…往……里面看,浏览,调查,研究look rightinto sb’s eyes直视着look like…看起来像……(比较look the same看起来像)look on旁观,观望look out=be careful=take care留神,当心,注意,警惕,提防look outfor警惕,留心,找出来look over…翻阅,(仔细)检查look through看透,仔细查看,浏览,翻阅,温习look up仰视,往上看,(在字典或参考书中)查阅,查寻look up to sb敬仰,仰望,尊敬(比较look downon/upon sb瞧不起,鄙视,轻视)look/be worried看上去/感到担心例如The boyis oldenough to look afterhimself.He spenttwo weeksin Shanghai,looking around/about thecity.We arelooking forwardto hearingfrom yousoon.Join us.Don’t justlook on.They alllooked onhim as a memberof theirfamily.Look out!There isdanger ahead.I shalllook outthat Idon’t trusthim again.He lookedthrough hisnotes beforewriting thereport.Look throughthese photographsand try to pick outtheman yousee.I mustlook upthetimeof yourtrain.Afox cameto thetree andlooked upat thecock.I’ve alwayslooked upto Billfor hiscourage anddetermination.
(16)make短语make into制成,作成(后面跟产品,制成品)[比较be madein在……生产/制造be madeof由……组成/构成,用某种原材料制成(物理变化)be made from由……组成/构成,用某种原材料制成(化学变化)be made up of=consist of由……组成,由……构成]make out理解,看清楚make up化妆,打扮,和解,配制,编造,虚构,构成,组成make up for弥补,补充,补偿made upone’s mind下决心make achoice做出选择make acommitment承诺,保证make acomment/comments on/upon…(对……)发表评论make a great contributionto…为……做出(巨大)贡献,为……捐款make adecision做出决定make ano difference(没)有关系/影响make aface/faces扮鬼脸make afire生火make afilm/blockbuster/follow-ups拍电影/巨片/续集make afool of sb=fool sb愚弄某人(比较make foolof…愚弄)make/leave/create agood impressionon sb(给某人)留下好印象make amistake/mistakes犯错误make anoise制造噪音,发出令人不愉快的声音make anote/notes of…记录,做笔记,记下来make a plan for…(为……)制订计划,制订一个(……的)计划make apoint of doing sth认为做某事重要或有必要make apromise承诺make arecord录制唱片,做记录(比较record asong录一首歌set a world record创造世界记录)make asuggestion on…提出(关于……)的建议make atelephone call打电话make/take a trip/journey to…去某地旅行make conversation交谈make bothends meet使收支相抵make friendswith sb与某人交朋友make fun of…取笑,嘲笑,和……开玩笑make it(事业上)获得成功make jokesabout sb拿某人开玩笑,以某人为笑柄make mistake about…犯了……错误make/earn money挣钱make oneselfat home不拘束,别客气make oneselfknown使/让自己出名make one’s wayto…往……走去make progressin…(在……方面)取得进步make sense有意义,有道理,讲得通make sense of…弄懂……的意思make sthto one’s own measure(按自己的尺寸)定做make sure确保,确认,查明make theadjustment to…适应……make the/one’s bed整理床铺make fulluse of…=make themost/best of…充分利用例如Bamboo isalso madeinto paper.Our desksand chairsare madeof wood.The paperfor booksand newspapersalso is madefromwood.This engineismadeup of490parts.The actormade himselfupfor the partof anold man.These daysmany girlsmake upwhen theyare stillquite young.She madeupagood lunchfrom bitsand pieces.There isn’t anylittlegirlcalled Kittyhere.He hasjust madeher up.Hard workcan oftenmake upfor lack of intelligence.Everyone shouldmake fulluseof time.But waittill yousee whatwe’ll makeforyouto yourownmeasure.I havemadeupmy mind,and nothingyou saywill changeit.They madefunofmy mistakeswhen Itried tospeak English.
(17)pass短语pass away去世,死(委婉说法)pass by通过,从旁边经过pass down传下来,流传,使世代相传,一代一代传下去pass onto sb转交给某人,传给某人pass onfrom onegeneration to the next一代代流传下来pass out失去知觉,昏厥pass through穿过,越过pass sthfrom oneto another把某事物从一人传到另一人手上pass theexamination通过考试例如Dr Johnsonpassed awaylast night.They allwaved tous asthey passedby.The traditionhas beenpassed downfrom fatherto sonfor generations.She saidshe’d passthemessageontothe otherstudents.I nearlypassed outwhen Isaw theblood.
(18)pay短语pay attentionto…对……注意,留心……pay a visit to sb/a place访问,拜访(某人),参观(某地)pay back偿还(借款),报答,报复pay for付款,付费,付代价(比较pay ahigh pricefor…付高价)pay off还清(欠款)pay sbavisit拜访某人pay thebill买单,付帐单例如He promisedto paythe moneyback byFriday.The oldin ourcity don’t needto payfor transport.After tenyears ofhard workhe paidoff allhis debtsat last.
(19)pick短语pick out挑选,认出pick up拾起,接收,学会(语言),开车去接,康复,购买(便宜商品)例如His storywas pickedout asthe bestby thejudges.The phonerang andI pickedit up.I’ll pickyou upat thestation.I managedto pickup anAmericannews broadcast.After ashort break they pickedupthetopic theytalked aboutearlier.I pickeduptheunusual stampby accident.I pickedupa few wordsof Greekwhen Iwas therelastyear.
(20)put短语put away将某物收拾起来,存钱,储存,存起来put down扑灭,平息,镇压,记下put forward提出,建议,推荐put off延期,拖延put on(戏)上演,放(唱片),穿戴put ona performance演出put out扑灭,熄灭,使……停止燃烧,伸出,出版,生产put up挂起,张贴,举起,抬起,搭起,建立put upwith忍受,容忍put into使进入,输入,投入put/translate…into把……译成put one’s heart into…全神贯注于……put sbin/into prison把某人关进监狱put…touse使用……,运用……put adate to sth注明日期(比较set/fix thedate确定日期to date到目前为止)put anend to…结束……put…together把……放在一起例如We put away thetools beforewe leavethe workshop.All themedical workersin theregion helpedto putdown theinfluenza epidemic(流感).Never putoff untiltomorrow whatyou cando today.We areputting theplay onagain nextweek owing to itssuccess.The firemensoon putthe fireout.The doctortold meto put out mytongue.It’s timethat weput upthe Christmasdecorations(装饰物)in theliving room.Drop yourweapons andput yourhands up.Another supermarkethasbeenput upnear ourhouse.I can’t put upwitha lotof noisypeople whenIamworking.The governmentis puttingmore moneyinto educationthis year.As students,we shouldput ourheartintostudies.
(21)send短语send away让走开send for sb派人去请某人,请某人来send in寄送某处进行处理send out派遣,发出(信号、通知等)send up发射,射出,往上送send sbtosleep让某人睡觉send signalsby…通过……发送信号例如Get backinto bed.I’ll sendfor thedoctor.The shipis in danger;it issending outan SOSsignal.The rocketwill besent uptomorrow morning.
(22)set短语set about doing sth着手,开始set aside留出,搁/放在一边set down放下,记下set off出发,起程,引起爆炸,激起,引起set outfor…出发往(……),动身去(……)set out to do开始做,着手做set up创立,设立,开办,竖起,支起set/giveagood example to…为……树立(好)榜样set agoal设定目标set fireto sth=set sthon fire纵火,放火烧set footon/in…踏上……,到达,进入set one’s mindto do sth一心想做set sailfor起航去……set sailfrom从……起航set sbagoodexample in…在……为某人树立榜样set sbfree释放某人,解放某人例如As soonas shearrived,she set about tidyingup(整理)the room.Try toset asidesome timeeach dayfor exercise.They’ve setoff onatripround the world.Together thefour menset outtolook for thelost animal.He set outtowrite ahistory ofcivilization(文明).We’ll certainlyset upa completemodern industrialsystem.Afew scarecrows(稻草人)were setup in the field.Let’s setupthetent first,and buildthe firelater.The policeare tryingto find out whoset firetothebuilding lastnight.He wasset freeafter threeyears inprison.Comrade LeiFeng setagoodexample tous all.
(23)stand短语stand bysb=support sb=take sb’s side支持某人stand for代表,表示,象征,容忍,支持/拥护,为……的候选人stand out突出,显眼stand up起立,站起来stand still=stay still站着不动例如CPC standsfor theCommunist Partyof China.Stand still,and letme take a pictureof you.
(24)take短语take after与某人相像take along带领,携带take…apart=separate…把……分开take away拿走,拿去,使离开take awayfrom…从……带/拿走take back退回,拿回,收回take down拿下,记下,记录take for…当作……,误以为是……take in吸收,接纳,上当take off(飞机)起飞,脱掉(衣帽/鞋),成名,成功,很快上升,开始流行/畅销take on呈现take out拿出,取出take over继承,接管,接替take up从事,开始,专注于,占去(时间、空间、地位等)take abank loan向银行贷款take abath洗澡take achance/chances碰运气,冒险take acritical attitudetowards…对……持批判态度take afew deepbreaths深呼吸take/haveadegree in…取得……学位take ahands-on approachto education通过动手实践的方式来进行接受教育take amessage to sb(给某人)捎个口信比较leave amessage to sb(给某人)留个口信take aphoto of…(给……)照相,拍(……)照片take arisk/risks冒险take ashower沐浴,洗澡take asip呡一小口take ataxi to...=go to...by taxi乘出租车takeawalk/ride/holiday散步/兜风/休假take aninterest in…对……感兴趣(比较be into=be interestedin对……感兴趣have/show interestin对……感兴趣)take advantage of对……加以利用take…by surprise对……突然袭击,出乎……意料take care小心,注意take careof照顾,照看take effect生效,奏效take exercise运动,活动take…for example以……为例take/get/catch holdof握住,抓住take iteasy放心好了,别着急,从容,不紧张take...into consideration顾及,考虑到,体谅(比较under consideration在考虑中,在研究中)take lessons上课take notes做笔记,做记录take noticeof注意take one’s seat就座,坐在自己位子上(转义为就职)take one’s time从容,不急,慢慢行动[比较take time花费(时间)]take part参加(比较take partin…=join in…=participate in…参加……take an active partin…积极参加……)take place发生,出现,举行[比较take theplace of…=take sb’s place取代,代替(某人的位置)]take pridein…=be proudof…对……感到自豪take responsibilityfor…=be responsiblefor…对……负起责任take sbin thearms拥抱,搂抱take/hold/keep sbprisoner囚禁/俘虏某人(比较sb betaken/held/kept prisoner某人被囚禁/俘虏)take sbseriously看重某人take sbsome timeto do sth花费某人……时间去做某事take sb’s temperature给某人量体温take sthalong with sb随身携带某物take shelter躲避take sideswith sbin sth在某事上支持/偏袒某人take steps/measures/action to do sth采取措施做某事,采取(……的)行动take turnsto do sth/in doing sth轮流做某事例如I’m sorry.I’ll take back whatI said.Take care!The caris coming.My planetakes offat11:00sharp.We can’thavesuch abig tablein thissmall room.It takesup too much room.
(25)think短语think about思考,考虑(是否去做)think of想到,想起,认为,对……有看法/想法think out想出think over仔细考虑think through…思考……直到得出结论think up提出,想出,设计出think twice再三考虑,仔细考虑think highly/well of=speak highlyof=sing highpraise for对……高度评价例如I’m sorry.I can’t thinkout yourname.When Iwasin the States,I oftenthought ofmy friendLi Hua.Think itover,and you’ll finda way.
(26)turn短语turn against转而反对,背叛turn around/round转身,转过来turn…away赶走……,辞退……,把……打发走turn on打开(灯,气,水,电器等)turn off关掉(灯,气,水,电器等)turn up把音量开大,卷起,翻起,发生,出现,到达turn down关小/调低(音量/热度),拒绝turn over把……翻过来,翻动,犁翻(土地),细想turn in交进,上缴,归还turn into变成turn…into…把……变成……,转变成turn to…转向……,向……求助,查阅turn out结果是,生产turn outto be被证明是,结果是turn right/left向右/向左拐turn writer=become awriter成为作家例如Those whowere oncefor himhave turnedagainst him.Turn ineverything captured(缴获的).I’m goingto turnmy garageinto aplayroom for the children.Be sureto turnoffthelights whenyou leavethe room.Shall Iturn on the bathwater foryouHe turnedthe meatover in the pan(平底锅).They alwaysturn tome whentheyarein trouble.His attentionturned tothe prettyyoung girl.Turn theradio downa little.Icanscarcely hearthe program.He turnedthe coatcollar(衣领)up because ofthewind.Something willturn uptogetyou out ofthedifficulty.2.以介词或副词为中心的动词短语(便于强化记忆)(l)动词+aboutspeak/talk about谈论think about思考care about关心,对……有兴趣bring about引起,使发生setabout着手,开始comeabout发生hear about听说worry about为……担心
(2)动词+ataim at向……瞄准,旨在run at冲向,向……攻击call at拜访地点tear at用力撕look at看,注视work at干……活动(研究)come at向……袭击shout at冲某人嚷嚷stare at凝视glare at怒视glance at匆匆一瞥laugh at嘲笑knock at敲(门、窗等)point at指向smile at冲(某人)笑strike at向……打击shoot at向……射击wonder at惊讶
(3)动词+awaydie away逐渐消失putaway收拾起来,存起来pass away去世wash away冲走take away拿走give away背弃,泄漏send away让走开turn away把……打发走wear away磨掉,消耗throw away扔掉blow away吹走carry away拿走,使入迷clear away清除掉,消散break away摆脱
(4)动词+backkeep back隐瞒,忍住hold back控制住give back归还call back回电话takeback拿回,收回look backon回顾
(5)动词+downcut down削减,砍倒putdown记下,写下,镇压take down记下,记录turn down调小,拒绝slow down慢下来pass down传下来calm down平静下来burn down烧毁tear down拆毁,拆除come down下落,传下breakdown坏了,垮了,分解bring down使……降低,使倒下settle down安家
(6)动词+fromdie from因……而死hear from收到……来信learn from向……学习differ from与……不同suffer from受……苦result from由于separate…from把……分离开keep/stop/prevent…from不让……做date from=date backto始于……时期,追溯到
(7)动词+forrun for竞选ask for要求得到beg for乞求wait for等候lookfor寻找callfor需要,要求hunt for寻找long for渴望care for关心,喜欢seek for寻找come for来拿,来取apply for申请stand for代表,表示search for查找change…for用……换charge…for收费,要价take…for误以为……是hope/wish for希望得到
(8)动词十inget in收获,进入fill in填写cut in插入join in参加look in来访,参观hand in上交drop in拜访givein让步take in接纳,吸收call in召集,来访bring in引进,使得到收入break in强制进入,插话result in导致succeed in在……获成功persist in坚持
(9)动词十intorun into碰到look into研究,调查,往里面看burst into闯入,进发turn into变成change…into把……变成divide…into把……分成put/translate…into把……译成(l0)动词+ofdie of死于talk of谈到hear of听说think of想到dream of梦到speak of谈到consist of由……组成approve of赞成complain of抱怨become of发生……情况,怎么啦(l1)动词+outgo out熄灭setout出发,着手try out试用,试验putout扑灭run out用完let out泄漏,发出声音pickout选出holdout坚持下去wear out穿破,使……疲劳make out理解,看清楚keep outof使不进入,挡住find out查出,弄明白work out算出,想出办法等send out发出,派遣give out散发,分发,用完look out当心,提防hand out散发,分发help out救助turn out结果是,生产come out出版,出来cross out划掉burst out进发carry out执行break out爆发point out指出figure out算出bring out阐明,使表现出leave out省略,删掉speak out大胆讲出(l2)动词+overgo over审阅,检查,研究get over克服run over压死,看一遍take over接管,接替turn over翻倒,细想fall over跌倒,摔倒roll over翻滚look over翻阅,检查think over仔细考虑watch over看守,照看(l3)动词十toadd to增添get to到达see to处理,料理turn to向……求助,查阅cometo共计,苏醒lead to导致,通向reply to答复refer to谈到,涉及,参阅bring to使苏醒agree to同意object to反对point to指向write to写信给relate to理解,同情,涉及,(与……)有关attend to处理belong to属于supply…to为……提供devote…to贡献给stick/hold/keep to坚持,忠于compare…to与……相比,把……比作(l4)三词以上的短语动词do wellin在……干得好make upfor弥补look downon/upon轻视break awayfrom摆脱keep awayfrom避开,别靠近do awaywith废除putupwith忍受catch upwith=keep upwith赶上fill upwith用……装满go onwith继续get on/along with和……相处look forwardto盼望look upto仰望,尊敬add upto总计live upto依据……行事;做到;不辜负(期望)get closeto接近get downto认真开始set fireto放火烧pay attentionto注意pay avisitto访问take/get/catch holdof握住run out of用完get out of逃避,避免take noticeof注意takeaphoto of拍……照片take theplace of取代set anexampleto为……树立榜样
3、其他常用短语(按字母表顺序)
(1)Aaa balancediet均衡饮食a best-seller畅销书a bit=a little=a littlebit少许,一点儿,有点儿,稍微a bitof一点,少量(修饰不可数名词)[比较afew一些,少量(修饰可数名词)a greatdeal of许多(修饰不可数名词)agreat/good many=scores of许多,大量(修饰可数名词)a handfulof一把,少量的,少数(修饰可数或不可数名词)a large/great amountof=large amountsof许多(修饰不可数名词)a largequantity of=large quantitiesof许多(修饰可数或不可数名词)alotof=lots of许多(修饰可数或不可数名词)a massof=masses of大量,许多(修饰可数或不可数名词)a large/great numberof=large/huge numbersof大量的,许多(修饰可数名词)plenty of大量的,很多,足够的(修饰可数或不可数名词)a bunchof flowers一束花a cloudof一团a coupleof一对/双,两三个,一些,几个acoupleof days/weeks两三天/周a cupof一杯a dayor two=one ortwo days一两天a desertedisland荒岛ahealthydiet=a dietof healthyfoods健康的饮食a highly-developed country高度发达的国家a kind of一种,一类a laid-off worker下岗工人alargesum ofmoney一大笔钱a lengthof…长……a listof一张……的清单a liveconcert现场直播的音乐会a naturaldisaster自然灾害a packetof一盒,一捆,一包a pairof一双,一副a pieceof一件,一块,一张a rowof一排,一行a seriesof一系列的,一连串,一套a setof一套,一副a shortageof teachers教师资源的缺乏a thirdof=one thirdof三分之一a totalfailure一个彻底的失败者a totalof总数(量)为a two-day trip一次两天的旅行a varietyof=varieties of=various种种的,种类繁多的a wasteoftime白费时间,浪费时间a manof name知名人士aworldof magicand wonders充满魔力和神奇的世界after all毕竟,终究after ashort while不久以后,没多久after a time一段时间以后after class/work/school下课/下班/放学之后all alone=all by oneself独自,独立all at once=all ofa sudden突然,忽然all day=all daylong全天,终日allin all总共,总的来说all kinds/sorts of各种各样的all nightlong整夜,通宵all one’s life终身,一生all over到处,遍及,结束all over theworld/country=throughout theworld/country整个世界/全国all right好吧,行了,(病)好了all thebest祝一切顺利,万事如意all thesame一样,同样的all thetime一直all the way一路上,一直all together一起,总共allthe year round=all throughtheyear=throughout theyear一年四季,一年到头an invitationto…一张……的请柬/请贴an experton………方面的专家asaconsequence/result结果,因此asaconsequence/resultof作为(……的)结果,由于……的结果asawhole普遍来说,作为整体as…as像,如同as…as possible=as…as onecan尽可能……地as faras(表示程度,范围)就/尽……(=so faras),远至as faras Iknow就我所知,据我所知as follows如下(用以列举事项)as if=as though好像,似乎,仿佛(比较even if=even though虽然,即使,尽管)as longas只要(=so longas引导条件状语从句),长达as much/many as多达as soonas一……就……as soonas possible尽快,尽可能早地as to/for至于,关于,就……而言as usual像往常一样as well也/还有=too,同样地,例外as wellas=together with=and也,以及,和,还,而且as with...也一样,就像……at all根本(否定句),到底(疑问句),竟然(条件从句)at aloss茫然,不知所措at anearly age年轻时at anymoment/time随时[比较after a moment=after a while/minute过了一会儿a momentago=just now刚才,不久以前amomentlater片刻之后at the moment=at thetime此刻,现在,在那时at thevery moment就在那一刹那foramoment=forawhile/minute一会儿for themoment=for thetime being暂时,目前in amoment=in awhile/minute/second过一会儿,立刻,马上themoment/minute that...一……就……]at anyrisk不顾一切[比较at risk处于危险中at therisk of doing sth冒着(可能做某事)的危险take/run arisk/risks冒险risk one’s lifeto do sth冒着生命危险(做某事)risk doing sth冒险做某事)]at birth出生时,一生下来就at breakfast在吃早饭at hand近在手边,在附近at home在家at homeand abroad在国内外at last终于,最后at length最后,终于,详细地at midnight在半夜at night在夜里,天黑时at noon在中午atonce=right away=right now马上,立即at onego一口气at present=at thepresent time现在,目前at sea在海上,航海中,茫然(比较by sea乘船by thesea在海边in thesea在海里on thesea在海面上)at stake在危险中at suchagreatheight在如此高的高度at table在吃饭(比较at thetable在桌前)at times偶尔,有时(比较at thattime那时at thesame time=meanwhile同时at thecorrect/wrong/best timeof year在一年里合适/不合适/最佳时候)at variousacademic levels不同的学术层次at war处于战争/交战状态at work忙于工作at theageof...在……岁的时候at theart festival在艺术节上,在艺术节期间at thebase在底部at thevery beginningof...在……开始时,在……之初at thebottom of在……下端/底部at thecost of以……为代价at theendof在……末端,到……结束时at thefoot of在……的脚下at thefront desk在前台,在服务台at thehead of在……最前面at ahigh/low price以高/低价at thelatest最迟at theleast至少[比较at themost最多]at themercy of任由……摆布/控制,在……的掌握中at theopening/closing ceremonyof...在……开/闭幕式上at therate of以……的比率at theside of在……的旁边at thespeed of以……速度(比较at full/high speed高速)at thetop of one’s voice大声地attheweekend在周末accept…as…认为……是……,承认……是……,把……当作……[比较regard…as…认为……是treat…as…把……当作recognize…as…认为……是……view/see/know…as…认为……是……consider…as…/consider…to be…认为……是……look on…as…视……为refer to…as…把……视为think of…as…/think…to be…认为……是……]accept sb’s apology接受某人的道歉accuse sbof sth/doing sth指控某人为……/做某事achieve one’s goal达到目的achieve success获得成功act as担任,充当adapt to(改变以)适应adapt oneselfto使自己适应于adapt tothe newenvironment适应新环境add to增加,添加add…to…把……加到……上add up加起来add upto总计达到adjust to(调整以)适应adjust tothese extremeconditions适应极限条件admire sbas…钦佩某人是……admire sb for…钦佩某人的……,因……钦佩某人advance thedeadline提前最后期限advance towards…朝……前进advise sbto do sth建议某人做某事agree with sb/sb’s opinion/sb’s idea同意某人(意见,看法),与某人看法一致[比较agree on sth对……达成共识agree tothe plan同意(计划等)]aim at向……瞄准,旨在,针对allow for顾及,为……做准备answer for…对……负责apologize to sb for sth=make anapology to sbfor sth(因某事)向某人道歉appeal to有吸引力,呼吁,上诉appeal totheir emotions投合他们的喜好apply for申请,请求apply to应用,适用appoint sbas…任命某人当……approve of赞成argue about争论某事argue with sb aboutsth因某事和某人争执/争论arrive in/at到达某地ask aftersb问候某人ask for要求得到ask fora day off请一天假ask fora leave请假associate…with…把……与……联系起来attach to加在……之上,使喜爱,使依恋,参加,附着attempt to dosth试图做某事attend school/university上学/上大学attend themeeting出席会议attend to处理,照顾,关照,倾听attract/draw/call sb’s attention吸引某人注意above all首要的是,尤其是according to根据action film/movie动作片advanced mathematics高等数学again andagain一次又一次,一再,反复againstthewall靠着墙ahead of…优于,超过,比……早,在……的前面alarm clock闹钟along with…和……一起and soon等等and thingslikethat……之类的东西another day改天any more再,又apart from除……都,除……以外around thecorner在拐角处,即将来临(比较on the way=in store即将来临draw near即将来临,就要来临,逼近)
(2)Bbbe after寻找,追踪,追求be/act against违背,违反,反对be from从……来,是……人be next to在……隔壁,紧挨着……be off/leaving离开be out(灯火)熄灭,(人)外出be out of没有,用完be up起床be upagainst面对be upto sb由某人决定be upto sth忙于某事,从事于be upon逼近,临近be anxiousabout…为……而忧虑/着急/担心(比较be anxiousfor…渴望,非常希望be concernedabout/for…为……而忧虑/着急/担心be concernedabout/with…对……关切/关注/感兴趣)be carefulabout/of/with sth注意,留意,当心[比较be carefulnotto dosth小心(不)做某事]be clearabout对……清楚be crazyabout对……着迷be curiousabout=have thecuriosity about对……感到好奇be excitedabout对……感到兴奋be particularabout对……挑剔be amazedat为……感到惊讶be experiencedat对……有经验be presentat出席be shockedat对……感到震惊be commonfor对……来说是很普通的be eagerfor…=long for…=be dyingfor…渴望得到……(比较be eagerto dosth急着想做某事)be famousfor因……而闻名,由于……而出名(比较be famousas作为……而闻名be famousto对……来说很出名)be fitfor=be suitablefor适合be good/bad forsb对……有好处/坏处(比较be goodat善于……,擅长于……,在……方面做得好be goodto sb对某人友好do goodto sb=do sbgood对某人有好处do harmto sb=do sbharm=harm sb=be harmfulto sb对某人有害,伤害某人)be honoredfor…因……受到尊敬be intended for为了be latefor迟到(比较be latewith sth某事做得晚)be toblame for因……受到责备be carvedin rock被刻在岩石上be caughtin arain/a trafficjam/the earthquake突然/偶然遇到(雨/交通堵塞/地震)be confidentin在……方面自信be effectivein在……方面有效be fluentin alanguage在(某一门语言)方面很流利be lostin=lose oneselfin沉浸于,沉醉于be poor/low in在……方面不足be quickin mindand action思维敏捷行动迅速be rich/high in在……方面丰富be setin以……为背景be strongin heart and mind意志坚强,头脑聪明be trappedin被困在……(比较be trappedby被……所困)be afraidof=be terrifiedof害怕,恐惧(比较be afraidto do害怕去做,不敢做)be ashamedof为……感到羞愧/惭愧be awareof意识到,知道be fondof=care for=like=enjoy爱好,喜欢be fullof=be filledwith充满了,装满be jealousof嫉妒be shortof=be lackingin缺乏,缺少be sureof/about对……有把握be uncertainof/about对……没把握be accustomedto doing sth习惯于……be addictedto沉溺于be loyalto=be faithfulto=be devotedto忠诚于be openedto向……开放be reducedto30%减少到百分之30%(指最后的结果)[比较be reducedby30%减少了百分之30%(指与原来相对而言)]be similarto与……相似,与……相像be angrywith sbfor sth因某事生某人的气be armedwith以……武装be burdenedwith为……所累be busywith sth忙于某事(比较be busydoing sth忙于做某事be occupiedwith sth忙于某事be occupiedin doing sth忙于做某事)be coveredwith/by被……所覆盖be crowdedwith挤/塞满了……be diagnosedwith被诊断为be equippedwith具有,装有……设备,为……做好准备be facedwith面临……,面对……be familiarwith对……很熟悉be fedupwith对……感到厌倦be honestwith对……诚实be meanwith对……吝啬be pleased/satisfied with对……感到满意(比较be contentwith对……感到满意,满足于……be contentto dosth愿意做某事)be popularwith受到……的欢迎be pressedwith被刻印/铸压上be strictwithsb对某人严格要求(比较be strictin sth对某事严格要求)be surroundedwith/by被……围绕be aboutto dosth正要做某事be delightedto dosth高兴做某事be determinedto do=determine/decide to dosth决心做……be due to dosth预定/到期应该做某事(比较due to sth因为/由于……)be forcedto dosth被迫做某事be freeto dosth任意去做,悉听尊便be likelyto dosth很有可能做某事be supposedto do被认为/被期望/应该做某事be willingtodo=like todo愿意做某事be abletodo能,会be absentfrom缺席,旷课be asleep睡着(比较be awake醒着)be awardeda NobelPrize获得诺贝尔奖be badlyoff潦倒,贫困(比较be welloff富有)be badlytreated受到虐待be born出生,出世be/become endangered频临危险be incontact with与……有交往(比较make contact with与……联络lose/break contactwith与……失去联系lose touch with=be out of touch with与……失去联系be intouch with=stay/keep intouchwith与……保持联系getintouchwith=getintocontactwithsb与……取得联系bring…into touchwith使……接触,使……认识keep trackof…与……保持联系,了解……的动态,记录……)be inpossessionof=take possessionof持有,拥有,占有,占领(比较be insb’s possession=be in the possessionofsb被某人占有/拥有come into sb’s possession被某人占有/拥有)be in the charge of在某人的掌管下,由某人经营/照顾(比较be inchargeof掌管,管理,照顾)be mentallydisturbed精神失常be ofbenefit有利的,有好处的be ofnoeffect有(无)效be ofdifferent sizes/weights/shapes大小不一/重量不同/形状各异(比较be ofthesamesize/weight/shape大小/重量/形状相同)be ofgreat importance/value非常重要,有重要性be ofhigh/good quality高质量的(比较be ofpoor quality质量糟糕的)be ofno use有(无)用be ongood termswithsb与某人关系好be stressedout紧张的,有压力的be upset沮丧,伤心be wellreceived很受欢迎be wellworth doing(很)值得做[比较be worthyof sth/of beingdone/to bedone值得(做)……]by accident=by chance偶然地,碰巧,意外by air/boat/bus/train乘坐飞机/小船/公共汽车/火车by andby不久以后,逐渐地by appointment按约定by choice出于选择(比较for choice要选就选)by day/night白天/晚上by fax通过传真by force靠武力by hand=with one’shands手工by law根据法律by mail通过邮寄by means ofdoing sth通过,借助于……手段(比较by allmeans=in allways不惜一切by nomeans=in noway决不,一点也不by thismeans=in this way用这种方法)by mistake=in error由于错误或疏忽,错误地by weight按重量计算(比较by thehour/day按小时/天计算)by theendof到……结束为止,到……底为止by thenearest exit从最近的出口出去by theside of在……附近by thetime到……的时候(后接状语从句)by theway顺便说,顺便问一下[比较by way of…经由,经过,通过……的方法in away=in oneway=in someway在某种程度上in noway决不,一点也不in the/sb’s way挡道,妨碍in this/that way以这种/那种方式,这样/那样in…way=in thewayof以……的方式this/that way这样/那样(直接做状语)on one’s wayhere/there/home adv.在(到这里/去那里/回家)的路上on one’s wayto doingsth即将做某事on one’s wayto someplacen.在去某地的路上on theway在路上,在来/去的行进中on theway home在回家的路上,即将来临out oftheway不挡道feel one’s way摸索着道路(前进)fight one’s way挣扎着前进,经(奋斗或努力)开路或获得(某事物)find one’s wayto设法找到去……的路lose one’s way迷路make one’s wayto朝……走去push one’sway挤过去struggle one’sway艰难地行进]base on sth以……为基础(比较be basedon/upon以……为基础)beg for乞求become of发生……情况,怎么啦believe in信赖,信任,信仰真理,宗教,原则,支持,赞成bend over弯腰,俯身benefit from=profit by/from从……吸取教训,从……中获益blow away吹走blow out吹灭blow thefire off熄火,把火吹灭brush one’s teeth刷牙build up逐步建立,增进,增加,加强,扩大burden sb/oneself with sth加负担于某人/自己burn down烧毁,烧成平地burn down…totheground把……烧成平地burn up消耗,烧掉burst into闯入,突然破门而入burst into sth=burst outdoing迸发,突然而猛烈地产生某种情况(比较burst intolaughter=burst outlaughing突然大笑起来burst intotears眼泪夺眶而出burst intocheers突然欢呼)burst outdoing迸发出来,突然开始(做)bed time就寝时间Beijing Opera京剧before long不久以后(比较long before很久以前)belong to sb/sth属于某人/某事below/above zero零度以下/上body building健美body language身势语boiled water开水both…and…两个都,既……又……business hours营业时间bus station/stop汽车站/公共汽车站but for如果不是,倘若不是Better latethan never.迟做总比不做好
(3)Cccalculate thedistance between…计算出……的距离calm down平静,镇定can’t helpbut dosth忍不住做某事can’t helpdoingsth禁不住做某事,情不自禁做某事carbon dioxide二氧化碳card games纸牌游戏care about对……感兴趣,关心,担心(比较care for喜欢,关怀,照顾,照料care forsbtodosth愿意某人做care todosth愿意做)carry away拿走,使入迷carry off夺走,携走carry on继续进行,坚持下去carry onresearch进行研究carry outanexperiment/aplan/an order/a survey开展或执行(实验/计划/命令/调查)cast away抛弃catch aglimpse of瞥见catch fire=be onfire着火,开始燃烧catch/find sbdoingsth发现/发觉某人正在做某事cause damageto…对……造成破坏cell phone移动电话,手机centre on/upon…将……当做重点或中心(比较centre/concentrate/fasten/fix/focus one’s attentionon把注意力集中于)chain stores连锁店changeAfor B用A换BchangeAinto B把A变成B,把A转换成Bchange one’s mind改变主意charge…for收费,要价charge sthwith…使某事物充满……(情感)(比较be chargedwith充满……)chat online网上聊天check in登记,报到check out查明,核查,结帐check information审核情况cheer sbon为某人加油cheer sbup使某人高兴起来,使某人振作起来chemical factory化工厂child laborer童工Christmas card/tree/Eve圣诞卡/树/前夕classical music古典音乐classify…into…把……分类成……clean out清除,打扫干净clear away清除掉,消散,清除打扫,整理clear up打扫卫生,梳理整齐,(天气)放晴,露出喜悦的表情close friends密友close down倒闭close up(尤指暂时)关闭,使靠近closeto靠近,接近combine…with…把……和……结合起来comment on/upon…对……进行评论commit the/a crime犯罪common sense常识,情理communicate sthto sb使某事物被人知晓,传送某事物给某人communicate with…与……交流/联络compare notes交换意见,交流看法compare…to…把……比作…compare with…与……相比compete against…与……相对抗compete for…为……而竞争compete in参加(竞赛)compete with…与……竞争/比赛complain of抱怨……computer/video games电子游戏congratulate sbonsth祝贺某人某事connect to连接,相连(比较be connectedto与……有关系)connect with…与……相连接contribute to有利于,贡献,捐款给,为……投稿cool off变凉,冷却,冷copy sb’s example仿照某人,照某人的样子做cover anentire continent覆盖整个大陆cover theevents采访事件,报道事件create apositive/negative effect产生积极/消极的作用/影响cross out划掉crowd around(许多人)围着cultural relics/sites文化古迹current affairs时事Cheer up.振作起来提起精神Come on!来!快呀!
(4)Dddance tothe music伴随音乐起舞date from=date backto始于……时期,追溯到day afterday日复一日(强调重复)day byday一天天地(强调逐渐变化)day andnight日日夜夜地deal with=dowith处理,解决,对付depend on/upon=rely on/upon依靠,依赖,信赖,靠……来决定develop alifelong friendshipwithsb与某人成为终身朋友develop thephotos冲洗照片devote…to…把……贡献给……,献身于……,专心于……[比较be devotedto doingsth投身于be devotedto sb喜欢某人]die away逐渐消失,减弱(以至感觉不到),淡化die down逐渐降低,减弱,消失,平息die from因……而死,死于(除了疾病或情感以外的原因,及某种具体疾病)die ofillness,hunger,grief,etc.因……而死,死于(疾病,饥饿,悲伤等情感内因)die off一一死去,先后死去die out=become extinct灭绝,绝迹,消失differ from=be differentfrom与……不同,区别于dig up挖出,掘起dining room餐厅dip intosth把……放入液体中,浏览,翻阅display one’s deepsympathy表达某人深切的同情distinguishAfrom B显示A和B(两者)的差别,使A和B有所不同(比较distinguish betweenAandB区别/辨别A和B)divide…into把……分成,使……分隔开divide up分配double one’s efforts加倍努力dozens of几十draw aconclusion得出结论draw attentionto对……表示注意draw back后退draw up起草,拟定dream of梦到dreamof/aboutdoingsth梦想做某事dress up化装打扮,乔装打扮dress upas…打扮/装饰成……drink atoast祝酒drink to sb/sth为……而干杯或祝福drive off击退,把(车)开走drop by访问,拜访drop in顺便走访,拜访drop inonsb顺便拜访某人drop in atsp顺便拜访某地drop off放下(某物),下车drop out of…(从竞赛、活动等)退出,辍学drop sba line给某人写短信during the day在白天during/in the1980s/1980’s20世纪80年代during/in/throughout one’s lifetime在某人的一生中
(5)Eeeach other互相,彼此(比较one another相互,彼此)earn/make/gain a/one’s living谋生earn/make money挣钱,赚钱eat up吃完,吃光either…or…或者……或者……,要么……要么……[比较neither…nor…既不……也不……not…but…不是……而是……not only…but also…不仅……而且……(前句用于句首时,须倒装)]end upwith…以……结束/告终(比较begin/start with以……开始close with以……结束/告终end up结束,告终,最后得到……的结局/下场end infailure/prison以失败/坐牢而告终.end in a tie以平局结束)engage tosb与某人订婚English-speaking countries说英语的国家enjoy equalrights享有平等权利enjoy oneself过得愉快,玩得开心escape from免于/逃脱……,从……泄露出every day每天everyday use日常使用every fewyears每隔几年(比较every fouryears=every fourthyear每四年,每隔三年every twoyears=every secondyear=every otheryear每两年,每隔一年every now and then不时地ever since从……以来,从那时起except for除了……之外exchange student交换生exist in存在于……experience life体验生活experiment with进行实验,进行试验explain sthtosb=explain tosb sth向某人解释某事express oneself表达自己的意思Excuse me.对不起Everything/All goeswell.一切顺利
(6)Ffface toface面对面比较hand inhand手拉手,密切关联fail in doingsth没做成某事fail todosth无法做某事fall asleep入睡(比较fall ill病了,患病,病倒fall behind(成就,成绩)落后于fall down摔下来,倒塌fall inlove withsb爱上某人(比较be inlove withsb与某人相爱)fall into陷入,落入fall off跌落,下降fall over跌倒,摔倒fall to/into pieces垮台,崩溃,解体,倒塌fairy tale童话family name姓氏family tree家谱fax machine传真机far away遥远,很远far from…远离……fasten/tie…to…把……栓/别在……上feast onsth宴饮,尽情地享受……feed…on喂养,饲养(比较feed on/upon…以……为食)feel down感到闷闷不乐feel likedoingsth想做某事feel well/terrible/better/weak感觉好/糟/好些/虚弱fight against与……作斗争/打架/打仗fight for sth为……而斗争,争取获得某事物fight over为……而战,因……而争吵/争斗fight sb/sthoff抗击某人/某事物,击退某人/某事物fight with与……并肩作战figure out理解,想明白,算出fill in填空,填写fill out把……填好fill with用……填充fillAwith B把B装进A里,把A装满Bfill upwith…用……装满findout获知,查明,查出,弄明白,发现,了解fire escapes安全梯fire exit安全出口first aid急救fish farms渔场fit in被他人接受,相处融洽fit inwithsb/sth与(某人/某事物)相适应/相协调fix atime/date for为……确定时间/日期fix up搭起,安装,修理,修补folk song民歌follow customs随俗,按照习惯follow sb’s instructions遵从某人的指示follow/take sb’s advice听某人的劝告follow therules按照规则去做forget about忘记了foraperiod ofseveral weeks/months在几周/几个月的一段时间里for ever=for good永远for example=for instance例如比较such as…例如……,像……这样for free=free ofcharge=without payment免费(比较atone’s owncharge/expense自费)for once就这/那一次for onething…,for another首先……,其次……forthe first time第一次,初次,首先[比较at first=in/atthebeginning起初,首先at firstsight第一眼,乍一看,初见之下first ofall第一,首先,最重要in thefirst place(用于列举理由时)首先,第一,原先thefirsttime第一次,初次(后接状语从句)]forthereason因为forthesake of由于,为了……的利益,为了……起见free from不受……的影响,没有……的fromnowon从现在开始,今后from thenon=from thatmoment on从那时起from…to…从……到……from timeto time有时,不时,偶尔from onecountry toanother=from countryto country从一个国家到另一个国家fromonegeneration toanother一代接一代地full dress盛装further education进修,深造
(7)Gggain weight=put onweight发福,增加体重,增肥(比较lose weight减肥)gas station加油站generally speaking总的来说,一般来说gift money压岁钱given/first name名字glance at匆匆一瞥glare at怒视graduate from…毕业于……greenhouse effect温室效应green tea绿茶grow up生长,长大grow uptobe…长大后成为……Good luck!祝你好运!Good morning/afternoon/evening!早上/下午/晚上好!
(8)Hhhad betterdo最好(做)hand down流传下去hand in交上去,提出,面交hand out散发,分发,发放hang on等一等,别挂电话hang up挂断电话hang out(俚语)闲逛harmony withothers与其他人和睦相处,与其他人相处和谐hear about/of听说,知道hear fromsb收到某人来信heartandsoul全心全意地here andthere各处,处处,四处help sbout救助,帮助某人解决困难,帮助某人摆脱困境help sbwith sth帮助某人做某事high school中学,高中hit sbon thehead/in theface打某人的头部/脸部hold/keep/stick to坚持,忠于hold together连在一起,团结一致home cooking家常做法home village家乡hope/wish for希望得到,对……怀着希望host the Olympic Games主办奥运会hour afterhour一小时又一小时how many/much多少(可数名词)/多少钱(或不可数名词)how far多远how long多久how often多久一次,多常how old几岁human being人,人类hundreds of几百,成百上千的hunt animals狩猎hunt for=search for搜寻,寻找hurry up赶快,快点Hands up.举起手来Help oneselftosth请随便吃How areyou你(身体)好吗?How doyoudo!你好!How isit going情况怎么样?Here youare.给你(比较There youare.你来了)
(9)Iiice cream冰淇淋iced tea冰茶ice skating滑冰ID card身份证if necessary=if itis necessary如果需要的话if only要是……就好了(常用于虚拟语气)impress onsb给某人留下好印象(比较be impressedby/with对……留下印象)in afew days=in afewdays’time几天后in aflash立刻,很快,立即in agood mood心情好in ahurry=hurriedly匆忙地in arow一个接一个地,连续不断地in aslightest一点也,根本ina…state处在……的状态/情况下inastraight line沿着直线inavery shortwhile马上,立刻inawhisper小声地inaword总之,简言之,一句话(比较in otherwords换句话说,换言之in one’s ownwords用自己的话说)in anact ofrevenge作为报复in all=in total=altogether总共,总之in class在课堂上incommon共同,共有in condition=in goodhealth身体好,身体健康(比较out ofcondition=in poorhealth身体不好in bad/good condition处于坏的/好的状态)in darkness处于一片漆黑in danger处于危险中(比较out ofdanger脱离危险indangerof面临……的危险)in debt欠债in demand有需要的in detail详细地in disorder混乱inEnglish用英语(表达)in fact=in reality=asamatter offact事实上,实际上in general一般说来,通常in history在历史上in hospital/prison/church住院/坐牢/做礼拜in…order=in orderof按顺序in ordertodo=so astodo以便,为了,为的是(so astodo不置于句首)in peace=peacefully安静,宁静in public当众,公开地,公然,在公共场所in return作为回报(比较in turn转而,反过来,轮流)in silence安静地,无声地in society在社会上in space在太空(比较in outerspace在外层空间,在外太空)in store贮藏着,准备着,就要来到in style流行的,时髦的(比较out ofstyle=outoffashion=outofdate过时的come intofashion=be infashion流行的)in surprise/astonishment吃惊,惊讶地in time及时(比较on time准时)in trouble处于困境中in use在使用中in vain徒劳,白辛苦in chains(指囚犯)用链锁住的,不自由,被囚禁in ruins成为废墟in tears哭泣,掉泪in otheraspects从其他方面(比较in termsof就……而言in largeamounts大批地,大量地in theeyes of在……看来in anxietyof担心,担忧in caseof假使,以防(比较in case万一,以免in thatcase既然那样,假若是那样的话)in front of在(某人/某物)前面(比较in thefrontof在……的前部in front在前方,在正对面)in honourof出于对……的敬意,为庆祝/纪念……in praiseof称赞,赞赏in searchof寻找in spiteof=despite=regardless of尽管,不管in viewof鉴于,考虑到,由于in want/need of…需要,缺少……in agreement with与……意见一致in conversationwith与……谈话中in harmonywith与……协调in relationto与……有关的in reply to回答,答复,回应in exchangefor交换,互换in thedirection of朝……的方向(比较in alldirections四面八方)in theform of以……的形式in theheart of在……的中心/核心部分in thehopeofdoingsth抱着(做某事)的希望in thename of以……的名义,代表(比较name…after给……取名,命名)in theprocess of在……的过程中in the day/daytime在白天intheend=atlast=finally=eventually最后,终于inthefuture在未来,将来(比较in future以后,今后)in/during/over thelast/past tenyears在过去的十年inthepast=intheold days在过去in/during therush hour在交通高峰期in ancient/modern times在古代/现代intheair在空中intheopen air在户外intherain在雨中,冒雨intheshade在阴凉处inthesun在太阳下inthewild在野外,在自然环境下in one’s personalopinion依某人之见in one’s teens十几岁时in one’s youth年轻时information desk问讯处instead of…代替……,而不是……,作为……的替换(比较rather than而不是)insist onsth/doingsth坚持某事/坚持做某事intend todosth打算做某事intend sthfor…把某物供给……用(比较sth beintendedfor…供……用)involve sbin…使某人参加,使某人陷入……(困境),使某人牵涉到……(比较be involvedin…参与,有关联,忙于某事)It depends.=That/It alldepends.要看情况而定I daresay….我认为……我估计……I’m sorry.对不起
(10)Jjjoin hands携手,联手,合伙join in参加,加入join sbin doingsth和某人一起做某事join theline排队join up联合起来judge sbby sth依据某事物判断某人,断定,认为(比较be judgedby靠……来判断)junk food垃圾食品just as恰如just now刚才,现在just so-so一般just then正在那时
(11)Kkkick thehabit戒除某嗜好kindof稍微,有点儿know about对……了解know of听说过
(12)Llabor force劳动力lackofsleep缺少睡眠later on后来,随后,以后laugh at嘲笑,讥笑lay downone’s life献出生命lay off解雇,不理会,使下岗lay thetable摆桌子lead/have/live acosy/anactivelife过着舒适的/活跃的生活lead sbtodosth=cause sbtodosth使某人做某事lead to=result in通往,导致learn about…了解,学习有关……知识learn…all by himself=teach…oneself自学……learn from…向……学习,从……中学习leave alone不管,不打扰,不理会,随……去leave behind忘带,留下leave out省略,删掉,不考虑leave sbbyhimself把某人独自留下leave sbwhere he/she is把某人留在原地leave school离开学校,辍学,毕业less than少于,不足let down不支持,使失望,使沮丧let in放进,让……进来let out放掉,泄露,发出声音liedown躺下lie in在于,位于lie tosb对某人撒谎light bulb电灯泡light afire点火light up照亮,使放光彩,点上(烟)吸起来limit…to…把……限制在……listen to听……little bylittle逐渐地live inpoverty生活在贫困线上live lifeon thego过着忙碌的生活live on以……为主食,靠……谋生,继续存在,继续活着live one’s dream=trytorealize one’s dream努力实现梦想live through活过,经过(困难,危险)之后仍旧活着live upto依据……行事,做到,不辜负(期望)live uptosb’s expectation=meet sb’s expectation不辜负某人的期望live with忍受,与……一起住lock sbup将某人监禁起来,将某人锁于某处不得进出lose control=be outof control失去控制lose heart失去信心,泄气,灰心lose one’s life牺牲某人的生命lose one’s sight/voice失明/失声Let mesee.让我想想
(13)Mmmajor in主修,专研match…with…把……和……相配main course主菜man-made satellite人造卫星meansoftransport交通方式medicalcare医疗保健midfield player中场球员Middle East中东millions of成百上千万miss one’sturn错过mistake/takeAfor B错把A当成B mixup混合在一起mix…with…把……和……混合mobile phone可移动电话morning paper晨报movie stars电影名星more andmore越来越多more orless或多或少morethan=not only不仅,不只,多于,十分(比较moreAthan B与其说B,不如说是Ano morethan=only仅仅,只不过not morethan不超过,至多)most of大多数multiply…by………乘以……musical styles音乐风格My goodness!天啊!
(14)Nnnative language=mother tongue母语neck andneck并驾齐驱,不分上下,不相上下next time下次nextto紧接着,相邻,在旁边,次于nine outof ten=nine inten十分之九no doubt无疑地no longer/more=not…any longer/more不再,已不no matter不论……,无论……not as/so…as不像,不如not atall=not abit一点也不,绝非(比较not alittle=very much很,非常)not laterthan不迟于not…till/until…直到……才……nowandthen偶尔,时而now that既然Nice tomeet/meeting you.很高兴见到你
(15)Ooobey/breaktherules遵守/违反规定obey/observe thelaw遵守法律object to反对occur tosb使某人突然想到offer adviceabout/on…提出关于……的建议of course当然of late=lately最近,近来ofone’s own属于自己的(比较on one’s own=byoneself独自,单独地)onalarge scale大规模地,大范围地onateam在一队/组,加入一队/组on an/the average平均,按平均计算on anopen fire露营on allsides在各方面,到处on andon不停地,不断地on conditionthat=if如果on board在(船/飞机)上on business出差on display展览,陈列[比较on show展出,在上演(放映)]on duty值日,值班on earth在地球上,究竟on end直立,竖立on foot步行on holiday在度假on purpose=by accident故意地on sale上市,出售,廉价出售,减价on watch值班,守望on theair正在播出的on thecontrary相反地,反之on thefront page在头版on thego奔波,忙忙碌碌的,四处奔走on theInternet在互联网上on themarch在游行on thephone在通话,用电话交流on thepoint of就在……的时候on/overtheradio通过收音机onthetop of在……的顶端onone’s arrival/return(某人)一到达/回来ontheone hand…,onthe other hand…一方面,另一方面once inawhile偶尔,有时once more/again再一次once uponatime从前,很早以前one day(过去/将来)有一天,某一天one afteranother一个接一个one byone一个一个地,逐一one-child policy独生子女政策opera house歌剧院,艺术剧院open up打开,开启,开创,开辟,开设,开放operate onsb给某人动手术opposite to在……对面or else否则,要不然or rather或者or so大约,……左右ought to应当,应该outof由……里面向外,在……之外outofbreath上气不接下气outofdanger脱离危险outoforder运转不正常,出毛病outofwork失业outofone’s reach够不着over andover again多次,反复地,一再over there在那边owe sbsth=owe sthtosb把……归功于,感谢,欠(债)owe thanks tosbforsth因为某事感谢某人
(16)Ppparking lot停车场pay phone(投币式)公用电话pen friend/pal笔友pencil case文具盒,铅笔盒pencil sharpener转笔刀,削笔刀people withdisabilities=disabled people残疾人personal affair隐私persist in坚持phone number电话号码physical education体育pile ofhomework一大堆(作业),一大批,一大团places ofgreat interest名胜pop music流行音乐post office邮电局play against…同……比赛play/act therole ofsb=play sb扮演某人的角色play apart/role in…在……中起作用play atrick onsb开某人的玩笑,耍弄某人play football/basketball踢足球/打篮球play thepiano弹钢琴play with玩耍,游戏primary school=elementary school小学point at指示,指向point to指向point out指出,使注意prefer Ato B相比B更喜欢A preparesth准备prepare forsth为某事做好准备prepare sbforsth使某人为某事做好准备produce/make electricity发电protect sbfrom/against…保护某人免受……伤害等provide sbwith sth=provide sthforsb为某人提供某物(比较supply sbwithsth=supply sthtosb给某人提供某物offer sbsth=offer sthtosb为某人主动提供某物)pull down拆毁,拆除,摧毁,推翻pull on随便穿上pull outof从……中退出,(火车)驶离车站,从……拉出来pull sbup把……往上拉,把……拉上来push open推开push sthover(使车船等)闪到一边pros andcons赞成与反对,正面和反面pretty well相当好,几乎,差不多
(17)Qqquarrel withsb aboutsth(因某事)和某人吵架/争吵quite afew许多,大量quite alot/abit许多,大量
(18)Rrraise moneyfor goodcause为(做好事)而筹款rank high/low排名高/排名低rank third位居第三rather than宁可,而不是,非,与其……宁愿……raw material原料record card成绩单record holder记录保持者reach outforsth伸手去(拿,碰)reach outtosth伸出手以触到或抓到、拿到某物read about读到有关……receive/get one’s doctor’s degree获得博士学位recommend…tosb向某人推荐……refer to提到,查询,参阅,指的是,谈到,涉及,有关relate to理解,同情,涉及,与……有关(比较be relatedto与……有关联/关系)remind sbof sth使某人想起某事replyto答复respond to回应,反映,响应result in产生某种作用或结果,导致[比较result from由于,(因而)发生,产生,出现]return tonormal恢复正常ring back给某人回电话ring off挂断电话,停止讲话ring upsb=ring sbup给某人打电话rise/cometofame成名roll over翻滚,倒转round up使集合在一起,使聚拢rock band摇滚乐队roller skating滑旱冰running water自来水ruin sth=bring sthtoruin使……变成废墟run after追赶,追求,追逐,在……之后跑run at冲向,向……攻击run away流失,逃跑,逃走,失控run awayfrom school=drop outof school逃学run for竞选run into/across=come across=meet…by chance=happen tomeet偶然遇见run off跑掉,迅速离开run outofsth用完……[比较sth runout耗尽,用光,用完]run over压死,看一遍,跑过去run abusiness做生意run/start arestaurant开餐馆rush sboff one’s feet使某人忙得不亦乐乎,使某人忙得不可开交rush out冲出去rush through掠过,快速通过
(19)Sssatisfy/meet theneeds of…满足……的需要save money存钱save sb’s life挽救某人的生命say“no”to…拒绝,否认,不同意say thanksto…向……表示感谢say to oneself心里想,自言自语school day学校上课时school play校园剧school things学习用具school/fieldtrip郊游search for搜查,寻找,查找self rescue自救see foroneself自己去看,亲眼看see sboff为某人送行(比较meet sb接某人)see to处理,料理,照顾see toit that…=make surethat…确保,务使seek after追求seek for寻找sell out卖完,出卖senseofresponsibility责任感sentence/beat sbtodeath判处某人死刑/把某人打死separate…from…把……和……分离开serve as作为,当作serve inthe army服役serve thedishes上菜serve thepeople为人民服务settle anargument about…解决关于……的争论settle down定下心来,安家落户,定居,平静下来settle for勉强同意,接受settle in(使)习惯(环境等),定居settle up付清,结账shake handswithsb和某人握手share insth分享share sthwithsb与某人分享……shop assistsant售货员short wave短波shoot at向……射击shout atsb冲某人嚷嚷[比较smile atsb冲(某人)笑]show off炫耀show up出席,露面show respectforsb对某人表示尊敬show sbhow todosth教某人做某事show sbout/in送某人出去/迎某人进来show sbtothedoor带某人到门口shut down关闭,把……关上shut up闭嘴silver screen银幕sign anagreementwith…与……达成协议sit down=be seated坐着,坐下sit up熬夜side byside肩并肩,一起,相互支持social problems社会问题soft drink清凉饮料,软饮料solar system太阳系soup opera肥皂剧,连续剧so far=up tillnow到目前为止some day将来某一天,来日some…,others…一些……,另一些……soonerorlater迟早,终归sound like听起来像……space/train station太空/火车站speed skating速滑speak about谈论,交谈speak against发表抨击speak of谈到speak out大胆讲出speak to谈话,与……通话speed by飞驰而过speed up加快速度(比较slow down减缓,减速,慢下来)spend…in doingsth花(钱,时间)做某事spend…onsth在……花费(钱,时间)spread out伸开,铺开stage name艺名standing room立足之地stone bystone一块石头一块石头地straight away立刻地,毫不犹豫地stare at凝视,盯着看start afire引起火灾starve todeath饿死stay away不在家,外出stay awayfrom…与……保持距离stay thesame=remain thesame保持不变stay up挺住,站立,开夜车,醒着,不睡,熬夜stick to粘住,坚持,忠于stick with继续支持,保持联系stop doingsth停止做某事[比较stop todosth停下来做某事stop…from doingsth阻止……做某事]strike at向……袭击/打击struggle against…同……做斗争struggle toone’s feet挣扎着站起来struggle todosth挣扎着(竭力去)做某事succeed in…在……获成功(比较succeed indoingsth=be successfulindoingsth成功地做了某事)suffer from…受……苦suit…to…使……适合于……support/raise thefamily养家surf theinternet上网冲浪sweep away(风)吹走,(浪)卷走sweep down吹倒,席卷,冲倒sweep thefloor扫地switch on/off开/关(电灯、机器等)swimming pool游泳池Say“Hi”tosbfor me.=Give myregards tosb=Remember metosb代我向某人问好Say goodbyetosb向某人告辞/告别See yousoon/later.再见
(20)Tttable manners餐桌礼节,用餐规矩table tennis乒乓球(运动)talent show天才表演tape recorder磁带录音机talk show访谈节目talk about谈论,交谈,议论talk of谈到talk…through(充分)讨论,详细讨论talk to与某人交谈/谈话talk with和……交谈telephone booth电话亭telephone number电话号码tennis racket网球拍tear at用力撕tear down拆毁,拆除tear sthinto pieces把某物撕成碎片tear up撕毁,取消(合同)tell alie说谎tell…apart识别,辨别,区分开tell…from…把……和……分开tell thetruth说真话tellthedifference betweenAandB说出/分辨A和B的区别tend to趋于,朝某方向test on在……做实验test theblood验血Thanksgiving Day感恩节thanksfor…因为……而感谢thanksto…多亏了,幸亏,由于,因为(比较dueto=owingto=becauseof由于,因为)than usual比平常……theAntartic南极[比较the South/North Pole南/北极]theArctic Ocean北冰洋(比较theAtlantic Ocean大西洋the IndianOcean印度洋the PacificOcean太平洋theYellow River黄河)the butterfly蝶泳the CapitalStadium首都体育馆[比较the GreatWall长城the PalaceMuseum故宫(博物馆)the People’s Republicof China中华人民共和国(简称PRC)]thedayafter tomorrow后天thedaybefore yesterday前天the entranceto……的入口thelong/high jump跳远/高the MaglevTrain磁悬浮列车the majority/minority ofpeople大多数/少数人the more…,the more…越……,越……thenextmorning第二天早上theotherday前几天,某日theotherway around相反地,用相反方式theOlympicGames/the Olympics奥林匹克运动会theproblemwith…关于……的问题thesameas与……同样的thesameto对……也一样the UnitedKingdom英国the UnitedNations联合国the UnitedStates美国thewaytodosth/ofdoingsth做……的方法the workingpeople工人,劳动人民the WorldChampionship世锦赛this verynight就在这个晚上thousands of成千上万Three GorgesDam Project三峡大坝工程three metersdeep=three metresin depth三米深through thickand thin不顾艰难throw lightupon/on阐明某事,使某事显得很清楚throw about四处乱扔throw at向……扔去throw away扔掉throw up吐出(事物),呕吐tieAto B把A绑在B上tie…up系,栓,捆tie upone’s hair=do upone’s hair(头发)扎起来tire out筋疲力尽tire oneselfout使自己疲惫不堪time andtime again=over andover again多次,不断地,反复time area时区toast tothe NewYear为新年干杯to beginwith=to startwith首先,作为开始,第一点tobehonest=honestly speaking老实说,说实在的to makematters/things worse=worse still使事情/情况更困难/危险,更糟糕的是to…degree达到……程度toone’s knowledge据某人所知toone’s regret/sorrow/surprise/joy使某人遗憾/悲伤/惊讶/高兴的是tothenorth of在……以北tothepoint中肯,扼要,切中要害too many太多toomuch太多,过分,太too…to=so…that太……以至于不能tongue twister绕口令track andfield田径traffic lights交通指挥灯,红绿灯travel agent旅行社trial anderror反复实验,不断探索trade for交易trade in以交易方式购入trade…withsb与某人做……交易(买卖)transform…into…把……转变成……treat sbbadly虐待treat sbtosth请某人吃……trip over(被……)绊倒trust in=have trustin=rely on信赖,信任try on试穿(衣,鞋,帽等),试试看,耍弄(花招)try out试验,尝试,试用try one’s best竭尽所能TV series电视连续剧TV station电视台twice thesize of是……的两倍之大Thank goodness!谢天谢地!This way,please.请走这边It’s timetodo….该做……了
(21)Uuunder arrest被拘留under attack/fire被攻击under construction/control/discussion在建设/控制/讨论中under repairs在修理中under thecommand of在某人控制之下,在……的指挥下under thedirection of在……的指导下unite asone团结一致upside down颠倒着,倒转着up anddown来回,上上下下,来来往往upto正在做,从事于,大约,多达uptodate现代的,时新的,据目前所知的use up….用完……,用尽……
(22)VvVCD player影碟播放机very much=alot很,非常,十分
(23)Wwwait for等待,等候wait/stand inqueue=wait/stand inline排队等侯waiting room等候候车室wake up醒来wake sbup把某人吵/叫醒walk/run upto=go/come upto上前去want alldayoff请假一整天wash away冲走wash down冲走,冲垮washing machine洗衣机watch outfor…留神,提防,注意watch over看守,照看watch TV看电视wear away磨掉,消耗wear out穿破,把……穿旧,磨坏,使……疲劳[比较be wornout(衣服等)穿破/被损坏,(人)疲惫不堪/感到疲劳]what else而且what if…倘使……将会怎样,如果……将会怎样win…prize获得……奖win thefirst place(比赛)得了第一名win sb把某人争取过来(比较beat/defeat sb打败某人)wipe out去除,消灭wish eachother goodluck互相祝福wish…every success祝……成功without asound悄无声息地without limit无限地without luck运气不好withthehelp of=withsb’s help在……的帮助下withthepurpose of有……的目的wonder at对……感到惊讶word forword逐字地work asan actress做女演员work at从事,致力于,干……活动(研究)work on…继续工作,从事于……,忙于……,不断做……work out算出,解决,想出(办法),制定(计划),结局,至最后work with…对……起作用work permit工作许可证worry about为……担心,烦恼would like想要(婉转表达个人的想法、看法)would rather宁愿,宁可wrap sthin用……把某物包起来wrap up包好,伪装write down记下,写下write to写信给Well done/said!干得好/说得好!What apity!多可惜!真遗憾!What ashame!太不好意思了!太遗憾了!What/How about………怎么样?……好不好?What becomesof…?……变得怎样了?What kind…何种……?What time…几点……?What’son发生了什么事?What’sthepopulation of………有多少人口?What’sup怎么啦?What’s wrong/the matter怎么了?Would youmind…你介意……吗?
(24)Yyyear afteryear年复一年,年年,每年(重复)year byyear一年年(逐渐变化)Young Pioneer少先队员You’re welcome.不用谢不客气
(25)Zzzebra crossing斑马线。