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历年考研真题英语阅读词汇解析
(一)l.While stillcatching-up tomen in some spheresof modernlife,women appearto beway aheadin at least oneundesirable category.尽管女性在现代生活中的不少领域仍在努力追赶男性,但至少在一个不利的方面女性似乎遥遥领先
2.Women areparticularly susceptibleto developingdepression and anxiety disordersin response to stresscompared tomen,相比男性,女性在应对压力时特别容易患抑郁症和焦虑症〃
3.chief psychiatristat NewYork sVeteran sAdministration Hospital纽约退伍军人管理医院精神科主任医师
4.sex hormonessomehow affectthe stressresponse性激素会以某种方式影响压力反应
5.causing femalesunder stressto producemore of the triggerchemicals thando malesunder the same conditions导致处于压力下的雌性比处于同等条件下的雄性分泌更多触发不良反应的化学物质
6.when stressed-out femalerats hadtheir ovaries(the femalereproductive organs)removed如果将承受巨大压力的雌鼠的卵巢(雌性生殖器官)切除with retireestrading muchor all of theirguaranteed paymentsfor paymentsdepending on investment returns.去年的大半年中,布什总统领导了将社会保障体系变成储蓄账户模式的改革运动(政府的公共福利计划),(在这种模式下)退休人员的大部分或全部的“有保障收入〃变成了依赖投资收益的收入〃
22.the share of itborne byfamilies haverisen家庭承担的份额已土曰_占_
23.newly fashionablehealth-savings plans are spreadingfrom legislativehalls toWal-Mart workers新近流行的健康储蓄计划正从国会大厅蔓延到沃尔玛员工那里
24.with muchhigher deductibles and a large newdose ofinvestment riskfor families,future healthcare随之而来的是比过去高出许多的医疗保险免赔额,以及家庭未来的医疗保健所面临的大量新增投资风险
25.even demographics are workingagainst the middle class family甚至人口统计数据都对中产阶级家庭不利
26.as theodds of having aweak elderlyparent-and all the attendant need forphysical andfinancial assistance一have jumpedeightfold injust onegeneration因为(据统计)家庭中出现年老力衰的父母——以及随之而来的体力和经济援助的需要——的几率在仅仅一代人的时间里就猛涨到原来的八倍
27.from the middle-class familyperspective从中产阶级的角度看proposition:尽管如此(仍然),任何一个有思想的人都不会拒绝接受他们的理论前提
19.have weessentially changed我们从根本上变化了吗?【题干及选项词汇】
1.a surveyof newapproaches to art对多种艺术新方法的调查
2.a reviewof Futurist poetry对未来派诗歌的评论
3.about meritsof theFuturist movement(B)有关未来派运动的优点
4.ignore itsflaws忽视其缺陷
5.indicative ofbasic change in humannatureD反映了人,性的基本变化
6.more of a transientphenomenon thanliterature与其说是文学,不如说是一种短暂现象
(三十四)
1.A history of longand effortlesssuccess can be adreadful handicap,but,if properlyhandled,it may become adriving force.一段毫不费力就获得的长久成功可能会成为一种极大的障碍,但若处理得当,它也可能转化为一种推动力
2.enter justsuch aglowing period恰好进入一段辉煌时期
3.give itsindustries unparalleledeconomies ofscale使其产业达到无与伦比的规模经济
4.prosperous beyondthe dreamsof...国富民强是...做梦也无法想象的
5.narrow thisprimacy缩小这一领先优势
6.the retreatfrom predominanceproved painful领先优势的后推攵令人感到痛苦
7.find themselvesat aloss over their fadingindustrial competitiveness面对其日益衰退的产业竞争力感到不知所措
8.vanish消失
9.textile纺织品
10.sweep into涌向
11.on theropes岌岌可危
12.for awhile曾经有那么一段时间
13.1t lookedas though看起来,好像
14.semiconductor半导体
15.going to be thenext casualty将要成为下一个受害者
16.all of this causeda crisisof confidence所有这些引发了一场信心危机
17.stop takingprosperity forgranted不再视繁荣为理所当然之事
18.ways ofdoing business商业经营方式
19.buy oneinquiry after another into the causesof America,s industrialdecline对美国产业衰退的原因展开一次又一次的调查
20.sensational findings耸人听闻(哗众取宠)的调查结果
21.How thingshave changed!情况变化如此之大!
22.solid growth稳固发展(稳定增长)
23.Few Americansattribute thissolely tosuch obviouscauses as a devalueddollar orthe turningof thebusiness cycle.很少有美国人将此仅仅归因于美元贬值或经济周期的循环这些显而易见的原因
24.Self-doubt hasyielded toblind pride.于是自我怀疑被盲目自大所取代
25.American industryhas changedits structure,has goneon adiet,has learntto be more quick-witted.美国产业已经调整了结构,进行了精简,反应也更敏捷了(机敏的,机智的)
26.executive dean执行院长
27.think-tank智囊团
28.a goldenage of business management企业管理的黄金时代【题干及选项词汇】
1.make painstakingefforts towardsthis goal为实现这一目标付出了艰辛的努力
2.the unparalleledsize of its workforcehad given an impetus to itseconomy空前规模的劳动力促进了其经济的发展
3.be manifestedin thefact that...可被…事实证明
4.withdraw toits domesticmarket萎缩到国内市场
5.has collapsedafter suicidalactions(D)已自取灭亡
6.intense competition激更竞争
7.international cooperation.国际合作
8.A longhistory ofsuccess maypave the way for further development.持续成功的历史可能为进一步的发展铺平道路
(三十五)
1.1n practice实际上
2.preparedness of the mindsof the men whowatch theexperiments实验观察者有准备的头脑
3.Sir IsaacNewton supposedlydiscovered gravitythrough thefall of an apple.(一般认为)据称艾萨克•牛顿爵士是从苹果落地中发现了万有引力
4.the cause of theorbital motion of themoon andplanets月球和行星绕轨道运行的原因
5.What keptthem inplace是什么使它们保持在适当的位置
6.those largerfruits of the heavens天空中那些更大的果实
7.fall up into thetree向上飞到树上
8.his mindwas readyfor theunpredictable.他的头脑为不可预测之事做好了准备
9.Unpredictability ispart of the essentialnature of research.不可预测性是科学研究的根本特征之一(最基本,本质的)
10.write theircut anddried reportsfor thetechnical journals为技术期刊撰写预先准备好的报告(已成定局的,不容更改的)
11.but historyis filledwith examplesofit历史上这样的例子却比比皆是
1.1in talkingto...在和…谈话时
13.gather theimpression有印象
14.scientific method科学方法
15.a substitutefor imaginativethought一种对创造性思维(想象思维)的替代
16.the advisabilityof continuinga certainexperiment进彳亍某项实验是否明智(可取性)
17.frown皱眉
18.the dataare stillinconclusive数据还不够确定(不够充分)
19.themenfrom thebudget office预算部门的人
20.worthwhile doing值得做
21.be askedto speculate被要求做出推测
22.what this amounts tois that...这就意味着…
23.put forwardunquestioned claimsconsistently一贯地提出无争议的论断
24.industrial and business management工商界管理者
25.perfectly logical完全合情合理的(有逻辑的)
26.auditor审计人员
27.should notbe distractedby thenecessity ofkeeping oneeye on the cashregister while the othereye is on themicroscope不会因需要一只眼睛盯着收银机另一只眼睛盯着显微镜而分心
28.Nor,if regularityand conformityto astandard patternare asdesirable to the scientistas thewriting of his paperswould appearto reflect,is managementto beblamed fordiscriminating against the“odd balls“among researchersin favorof moreconventional thinkerswho work well with the team.“如果像他们论文反映的那样,连科学家本人都渴望规律性与标准模式的一致性,那么管理层支持〃与团队合作愉快”的传统思维者而排斥研究人员中的标新立异者〃(行为古怪者,反常者),也是无可指摘的【题干及选项词汇】l.inquiring minds好奇的头脑(查询,探究)
2.science advances科学进步
3.write moreconcise reports撰写更简明的报告
(三十六)
4.startle the world震惊世界(使吃惊)
2.move swiftly迅速采取行动
3.use thisunusual animalhusbandry techniqueto clone humans利用这种不同寻常的畜牧业技术去克隆人类
4.propose to do so提议要那样做
5.an independentpanel ofexperts chairedby...—个以…为首的独立专家小组
6.report backto the White House向白宫汇报
7.the NationalBioethics AdvisoryCommission(NBAC)国家生物伦理道德顾问委员会
8.has beenworking feverishlyto putits wisdomon paper一直在心急如焚地工作,集思广益(将智慧诉诸笔端)
9.members agreedon anear-final draftof theirrecommendations委员们就接近定稿的建议书取得了一致意见
10.be extendedindefinitely无限期延长
11.word therecommendation narrowly对建议严谨措辞
12.routine inmolecular biology分子生物学研究中的常规课题
13.reach agreementon a crucial question在一个关键问题上达成一致
14.whether torecommend legislationthat...是否建议立法
15.private funding私人资金
16.in adraft preface to therecommendations在建议序言草案中
17.find abroad consensus取得广泛的共识
18.morally unacceptable违背道德
19.stem mainlyfrom主要源于
1.1informally acceptseveral generalconclusions非正式地接受了几项一般性的结论
21.plan tocall for a continuedban on...计划呼吁继续禁止…
22.clone bodycell nucleito createa child克隆人体细胞核去制造婴孩
23.the earlieststage ofhuman offspringbefore birth人类后代出生前的最早阶段
24.knowingly endangeran embryo7s life有意危及胚胎的生命
25.remain silenton...在…方面保持沉默
1.1indicate that表示
27.appeal to呼吁
28.clonehumansby bodycell nucleartransfer通过人体细胞核转移来克隆人
29.impose acomplete ban(强力口)强令完全禁止
30.be stillup in the air.仍〃悬而未决〃【题干及选项词汇】
1.be authorizedto被授权
2.a lawbanning humancloning isto bepassed inno time禁止克隆人的一项法律将很快被通过
(三十七)l.an invisibleborder divides...在…中间存在着一条无形的界限
2.on thebehalf of(on ones behalf)students fcareer prospects为了学生的职业前景
3.for broaderreasons ofradical educationalreform以彻底的教育改革这种更宽泛(宏伟)的理由
4.which goesto theheart ofwhat iswrong with the campaignto putcomputers in the classroom这种区另U触及到问题的实质(揭示…的关键),说明将计算机融进课堂教学运动的症结所在
5.technical education技术教育6justified forreasons radicallydifferent fromwhy educationis universallyrequired bylaw它存在的理由与法律规定的普及教育(即义务教育)存在的理由完全不同
7.Rather,we have a certainconception of the Americancitizen,a characterwho is incomplete ifhe cannotcompetently assesshow hislivelihood andhappiness are affected bythings outside of himself.更是因为,我们对美国公民〃这一概念有这样一种理解如果一个人不能适当地(胜任地)评估自身生活及幸福是如何受到外界影响,那么他的(素质)就是不完整的
8.it waswidely acceptedthat somewere justnot equippedby natureto pursuethis kind of education人们普遍认为有些儿童天生就不适合接受这种教育
9.with optimismcharacteristic of all industrializedcountries随着工业化国家带来的特有的乐观主义特点lO.Computer-education advocatesforsake thisoptimistic notionfor apessimism thatbetrays theirotherwise cheeryoutlook.倡导计算机教育的人推弃了这一乐观理念,代之以与他们快乐(兴高采烈的)人生观相悖的悲观论调
11.Banking on the confusionbetween educationaland vocationalreasons forbringing computersinto schools基于(由于)将将计算机引入学校的〃教育理由〃和〃谋职理由〃相混淆
12.some goodarguments一些很好的理由
13.introduce the concept of professional training引进职业培训的概念
14.lt ispresumptuous toinsist that自以为是地坚持认为
15.international corporations国际公司
28.understandably可以理解
29.look farless likean opportunityto exercisemore financialresponsibility看起来远不像是履行更多经济责任的机会
30.and a good dealmore likea frighteningacceleration of the wholesaleshift of financial riskonto theiralready overburdenedshoulders而更像是以骇人的增速将金融风险大规模转嫁到他们已经不堪重负的肩膀上
31.the financialfallout经济上的不良后果
32.the politicalfallout政治上的不良后果【题干及选项词汇】
1.their chancesof beinglaid offhave greatly increased他彳门遭受失业的可能性大大增加
2.be deprivedof unemploymentor disability insurance(被录!]夺)再享受失业或伤残保险3dess securedpayments不太有保障的收入
4.popularize amongthemiddle class在中产阶级中得到普及
5.compensate for the reducedpensions补偿减少的养老金
6.The MiddleClass on the Alert保持警惕
7.The MiddleClass on the Cliff悬崖边上
16.well-developed skills(完善的、健全的)熟练的技能
17.lt does not take a lifelongacquaintance topick upvarious softwareprograms.不需要花费毕生时间去了解、学会各种软件程序
18.an entirelydifferent story完全另外一回事
19.1n anycase,basic computerskills areonly complementaryto thehost ofreal skillsthat arenecessary to becoming anykindofprofessional.不管怎样,基本的计算机技能只是对成为任何类型专业技术人员所需的各种实际技能的补充
20.lt should be observed,of course,that noschool,vocational ornot,is helpedby aconfusion overits purpose.当然应该看到的是,任何一种教育,无论职业还是非职业,如果其目的不明确,均不会收益【题干及选项词汇】
1.far-reaching意义深远
2.dubiously oriented(趋势)方向不明
3.self-contradictory自相矛盾
4.is indicativeof apessimism indisguise表明了一种伪装的悲观主义
5.come into being alongwith thearrival ofcomputers随着计算机的到来而产生
6.be oflittle practicalvalue几乎不具实用价值
7.be includedas anauxiliary coursein school作为学校的辅助课程包括在内
8.be highlightedin acquisitionofprofessionalqualifications在专业资格的获取中加以强调
(三十八)l.In the last half of thenineteenth centurycapital andlabour“were enlargingand perfectingtheir rivalorganizations onmodern lines.19世纪下半叶,“资方〃和劳方〃按现代生产方式不断扩大和完善各自对立的组织
2.Many anold firmwas replacedby a limited liabilitycompany with a bureaucracyof salariedmanagers.有限责彳壬公司取代了许多老式的旧企业,这种有限公司由领薪水的经理组成管理机构
3.by engaginga largeprofessional element通过聘用大量专业人员(分子)
4.prevented the decline inefficiency thatso commonlyspoiled thefortunes offamily firmsin thesecond andthird generation after theenergetic founders防止了效率的下降,而过去这种效率的下降通常会毁掉在积极的创业者之后的第二代、第三代家族企业的财产
1.1t was moreover astep away from individual initiative,towards collectivismand municipaland state-owned business.而且这也是公司摆脱个人行动,向集体主义制度、市营企业及国营企业迈出的第一步
6.the greatmunicipalities大城市的市政当局
7.trams电车
8.The growth of thelimited liabilitycompany andmunicipal businesshad importantconsequences.有限责任公司及市政企业的发展产生了重大影响
9.such large,impersonal manipulationof capitaland industrygreatlyincreasedthe numbers and importance of shareholders as aclass对资本和企业如此大规模的非个人操控极大地增加了股东作为一个阶层的数量和重要性lO.represent irresponsiblewealth detachedfrom theland and the dutiesof thelandowners;and almostequally detachedfrom theresponsible management of business代表不承担责彳壬的贝才富,而这种财富与土地分离,与土地所有者的责任分离,几乎也同样地与企业的责任管理分离
11.be enrichedby the world smovement towardsindustrialization以世界性的工业化发展而大发其财
12.Towns likeBournemouth andEastbourne sprangup tohouse large“comfortable“classes whohad retiredon theirincomes,and whohad norelation to the restof thecommunity exceptthat ofdrawing dividendsand occasionallyattending ashareholders7meeting todictate theirorders to the management.为了给饱食终日〃阶级提供居住场所,像伯恩茅斯和伊斯特本这样的城市快速地发展起来了大批饱食终日的阶层退休后靠丰厚的红利生活,他们除了领取红利、偶尔出席股东会议并向管理层指手画脚、发号施令以外,与公司的其他员工没有任何联系
13.0n theother hand“shareholding“meant leisureand freedomwhich wasused by many of the laterVictorians for the highestpurpose of a greatcivilization.另一方面“持有股权”就意味着悠闲和自由,所以维多利亚后期许多人把这种休闲和自由视为伟大文明的最高目标
14.the“shareholdersassuch hadno knowledge of...这些月殳东本身并不了解…
15.The paidmanager actingfor the company was in moredirect relationwith themen and their demands,but evenhe hadseldom thatfamiliar personalknowledgeof the workmenwhich the employer hadoften hadunder the more patriarchalsystem of the oldfamily business now passingaway,拿薪水的经理代表公司经营,他们直接与公司联系,也知道工人的需求但即使这样的经理也很少对工人个人情况有非常亲近的了解,而在那些正遭淘汰的旧式家族家长制企业中,雇主通常对工人的个人情况有非常亲近的了解
16.render suchpersonal relationsimpossible不可能建立(使…成为,提供)这种个人关系
17.trade unions工会
18.enable theworkmen tomeet onequal termsthe managersof thecompanies whoemployed them使工人能够以平等的方式与雇用他们的公司经理会谈了
19.The crueldiscipline of the strikeand lockouttaught the two partiesto respecteach others strengthand understand the valueof fairnegotiation.工人罢工和雇主闭厂的严酷惩罚使双方都学会了尊重彼此的力量,理解公正谈判的价值【题干及选项词汇】
1.fail forlack ofindividualinitiative由于缺乏个人独创性而失败
2.the systemof shareholdingimpaired themanagementofmodern companies股权体系伤害了现代企业管理制度
(三十九)l.in the first yearor so大约一年间
2.most of the actionhas revolvedaround effortsto tapthe consumermarket大部分活动都以努力开发消费者市场为中心
3.as theWeb provedto be more thana fashion随着网络被证实不仅仅是一种时尚
4.with oneanother互相
5.such business-to-business salesmake sense这种企业对企业(网络)交易是合乎情理的
6.nonetheless尽管如此
7.trust thepathway between them and the supplier相信自己和供应商之间的网络路径
8.senior analyst资深分析员
9.conduct onlinetransactions进行在线交易lO.established businesspartners确立已久的,资深的商业伙伴ll.be givenaccess to the company7s privateintranet被授权进入其公司私用内部网络
12.Another majorshift in the modelfor Internetcommerce concernsthe technologyavailable formarketing.网络商务模式的另一个重大变化与可应用于营销的技术有关
13.1nternet marketingactivities havefocused onstrategies to“pull”customers intosites.网络营销活动还集中在〃将用户‘拉入’网站〃的策略上
14.push informationdirectly outto consumers将信息直接推送〃给客户
15.transmit marketingmessages directlyto targetedcustomers直接将销售信息传送给目标客户
16.most notably最引人注目的是
17.customize the information theywant toreceive量身设定自己想接收的信息
18.proceed directlyto acompany sWeb site直接登陆(进入)某一公司网址
19.special sales特价销售
20.product offerings产品促销
21.earn thecontempt ofmany Webusers招来许多网络用户的蔑视
22.think highlyof thenotion that(高度评价)推崇这样的理念
23.once commercialpromotion beginsto fillthe screenuninvited一旦商业促销不请自来地充斥电脑屏幕
24.That rsaprospect thathorrifies Netpurists.这种前景让网络纯粹主义者(网络纯净论者)感到恐惧
1.1it ishardly inevitablethat...并不是非得
26.resort to push strategiesto makemoney求助于推”的策略才能赚钱
27.with the right mixof interactivity,hospitality,and security将互动、热情和安全完美结合
28.the cost of computing power continues to freefall计算机运用能力成本的持续下降(自由下落)
29.set upshop in silicon开设网店(网上销售点)3O.may wellwonder whyso fewcompanies tookthe onlineplunge很可能会奇怪喂什么只有那么少的公司投身在线营销【题干及选项词汇】l.has beenstriving toexpand itsmarket一直在努力扩展市场
1.1ntend tofollow afanciful fashion打算遵循一种奇异的时尚
3.has beenbooming forone yearor so已经繁荣了大约一年时间
4.there is a radicalchangeinstrategy其策略发生了根本变化
5.be accessiblelimitedly toestablished partners只限于固定商业伙伴使用
6.setup shopsinsiliconis independentof the cost ofcomputingpower建立网上销售点与计算机应用能力成本无关
7.elaborate onvarious marketingstrategies详细阐明不同营销策略
8.illustrate thetransition from the pulltopushstrategy阐述吸引技术与推送技术转变过程
(四十)
1.break aleg slippingon yourdoormat滑倒在门垫上摔断腿
2.Light up the stoveand youcould burndown thehouse.点燃炉灶,你可能会把房子烧掉
3.a successfullawsuit一场成功的起诉
4.when juriesbegan holdingmore companiesliable for their customers7misfortunes.那时陪审团开始让更公司对消费者所遭受的不幸负责
5.write ever-longer warninglabels写出比往日都要长的(愈来愈长的)警示语
6.stepladder活梯、折梯(脚手架)
7.child sBatman cape儿童蝙蝠侠披风
8.the dangersof druginteractions如警告药物有相互作用的危险
9.many arerequired bystate orfederal regulations彳艮多是州或联邦法规所要求的
10.protect themanufacturers andsellers fromliability保护制造商和销售者使之免于承担责任
11.take themto court起诉他们
12.Now thetide appearsto beturning.现在这种趋势似乎正在转变
13.personal injuryclaims个人伤害索赔案件
14.begin toside withdefendants开始站到被告一方
15.be paralyzedin agame在一场比赛中受伤瘫痪
16.the natureof thegame运动本身的性质
17.the AmericanLaw Institute美国法学会
18.academics学者
19.whose recommendationscarry substantialweight说话举足轻重
20.issue new guidelines fortort law发布了新的侵权法指导原则
21.bombard themwith alengthy listof possibleones给顾客歹U出一份冗长的(以…轰击,大量提出)可能遇到的危险的清单
22.1mportant informationcan getburied in a seaof trivialities.重要的信息会淹没在细枝末节的汪洋之中
23.draft thenewguidelines起草新指导原则
24.1f themoderate end of the legal communityhas itsway,the informationon productsmight actuallybe providedfor thebenefit ofcustomers andnot asprotection againstlegal liability.如果法律界的这一适度目标能够实现(温和的建议得以采用),产品上提供的警示信息就不再是为回避法律责任而设,而是为了保护消费者利益而提供了【题干及选项词汇】l.customers mightbe relievedof theirdisasters throughlawsuits.顾客可以通过诉讼免除灾难
8.The MiddleClass inRuins没落的中产阶级
1.the Sundaynewspaper supplementParade hasfeatured acolumn calledAsk Marilyn.报纸周日副刊《大观》(游行)开设了一版名为问问玛丽莲〃的特色专栏
2.people areinvited toquery Marilynvos Savant人彳门被邀请向・・・提问
3.who at age10had testedat amental levelof someoneabout23years old在10岁时测得的智力水平相当于普通人23岁左右
4.the highestscore everrecorded有记录以来的最高分
5.IQ testsask youto completeverbal andvisual analogies,to envisionpaper afterit has been foldedand cut,and todeduce numericalsequences,among othersimilar tasks.IQ测试要求你完成文字和视觉类推、想象纸张经折叠和剪切后的形状、推导数字序列,以及其他类似的任务
6.field suchqueries from the averageJoe(whose IQis100)as...巧妙应对(智商为100的)普通人提出的诸如…这类问题
7.It s not obvioushow thecapacity tovisualize objectsand tofigure outnumerical patternssuits oneto answerquestions thathave eludedsome of the bestpoets andphilosophers.想象物体(形状)和破解数值模式的能力如何能使人解答那些曾难倒一些
1.1njured customerscould expectprotection from thelegalsystem受伤的顾客有望得到法律体制的保护3juries tendedto find fault with the compensationscompanies promised陪审团倾向于对公司所承诺的赔偿严加挑剔
4.become honestin describingthe inadequaciesof theirproducts诚实描述自己产品的不足
5.make thebest use of labelsto avoidlegal liability充分利用标签避免法律责任
6.feel obligedto viewcustomers safetyas theirfirst concern不得不视顾客安全为自己的第一考虑
7.some injuryclaims wereno longersupported bylaw某些因伤害提出的索赔不再受法律的保护
8.product labelswould eventuallybe discarded产品标签最终会被淘汰
9.some sportsgames mightlose popularitywith athletes运动员可能不再热衷于某些体育运动项目l.Scattered aroundthe globe are more than100small regionsof isolatedvolcanic activityknown togeologists ashot spots.地球上散落分布着100多个孤立的小火山活动区地质学家称之为热点
2.boundaries of the greatdrifting platesthat make up the earth Ssurface构成地球表面的巨大漂流板块的交界处
3.lie deepin theinterior of a plate深藏于板块内部
4.Most of the hotspots moveonly slowly,and insome casesthe movementof the plates pastthem hasleft trailsof deadvolcanoes.大多数热点移动很是缓慢,在某些情况下,移动(运动)的板块经过这些热点便留下死火山痕迹
5.The hotspots and their volcanictrails aremilestones thatmark thepassage of the plates.热点及其火山痕迹是标志板块运动移动的里程碑
6.That the plates are moving is now beyonddispute.板块漂移这一情况现已毋庸置疑
7.Africa andSouth America,for example,aremovingaway fromeach otheras newmaterial is injected into the seafloor between them.以非洲和南美洲为例,由于有新的物质注入二者之间的海底,两大洲正在远离彼此
8.The complementarycoastlines andcertain geologicalfeatures thatseem tospan theocean arereminders ofwhere thetwo continentswere oncejoined.但互相吻合的海岸线和某些似乎跨越大洋的地质特征会提醒人们这两个大陆曾经是连在一起的
9.The relativemotion of theplatescarrying thesecontinents has been constructedin detail,but themotionofone platewith respectto anothercannot readilybe translatedinto motionwith respectto theearth sinterior.承载这些大陆板块的相对运动已经得到详尽阐释(绘制),但一个板块相对另一个板块的运动还不能轻易解释为相对于地球内部的运动
10.move inopposite directions朝相反方向运动
11.determine whetherone continentis stationaryand theother isdrifting awayfrom it确定是否一个大陆静止不动而另一个从它身边漂移开去
12.Hot spots,anchored in the deeper layers of theearth,provide themeasuring instrumentsneeded toresolve the question.位于地球更深层的热点提供了解决该问题所需要的测量仪器
13.from ananalysis of the hot-spot population it appearsthat对热点整体情况进行分析后发现
14.The significance of hotspots is not confinedto theirrole as a frameof reference.热点的意义不仅在于其能够起到参照标准的作用
15.have animportant influenceon thegeophysical processesthat propeltheplatesacross theglobe对推动全球板块飘移的地球物理过程有着重要影响
16.When acontinental platecome torest over a hotspot,the materialrising fromdeeperlayerscreates abroad dome.当大陆板块漂移到热点上方,来自地球深层的物质便形成巨大的圆顶状隆起物
17.As thedome grows,it developsdeep fissures(cracks);in atleast a few casesthe continentmay breakentirely alongsome of these fissures,so that the hotspot initiatesthe formationof a new ocean.当这个圆顶变大时,板块便出现一条深深的裂缝大陆至少有几次可能会沿着其中的一些裂缝完全裂开,因此该热点就会引发一个新海洋的形成
18.so hotspots mayexplain theirmutability(inconstancy)热点可能对它们的可变性(易变性)做出解释(不稳定性,反复无常)【题干及选项词汇】
(四十二)
1.Emerging from the1980census is the picture of a nation developingmore and more regionalcompetition,as population growth in the Northeastand Midwest reaches anear standstill.1980年人口普查呈现出这样一幅图景随着东北部和中西部人口增长近乎停滞,地区间的竞争变得越来越激烈了
1.1ts strongimplications forUS politicsand economyin years ahead它对今后美国政治和经济的强大影响
3.has enthronedthe Southas Americaz smost denselypopulated regionfor thefirst timein thehistoryof the nation,s headcounting.已使南部地区在美国人口普查史上首次成为(被推崇为)人口最密集区
4.numerically从数字上看
5.and thepattern stillprevails而且这种模式如今仍然盛行
6.sun-belt states阳光地带州
7.drop out of thetop10被挤出了前10位
8.Not all that shiftcan be attributed to the movementout of the snow belt所有这些人口迁移并非都是因要迁出冷冻地带而产生的
9.Nonstop wavesof immigrantsplayed arole,too—and sodid biggercrops ofbabies asyesterday1s“baby boom“generation reachedits child-bearing years.不断的移民热潮,还有因婴儿潮一代到了生育年龄而生育的大批婴儿,都发挥着各自作用
10.demographers see the continuingshift southand westas joinedby arelated butnewer phenomenon人口学家发现,向南部和西部地区的不断迁移还伴随着一种相关却又较新的现象
11.regionally从地域上看
12.among states从各州情况看
13.be composedof由...组成
14.square mile平方英里
15.The flightfrom overcrowdednessaffects themigration fromsnowbeltto morebearable climates.从人口过度稠密地区的逃离,影响了以前那种从寒冷地带到气候宜人地区的迁徙趋势
16.Nowhere do1980census statisticsdramatize morethe Americansearch forspacious livingthan in the FarWest.1980年的人口普查数据显示,没有任何地方比远西地区更能证明(戏剧性地表现,夸张)这种为了寻找广阔的生活空间而迁移的取向了
17.in orderto escapesmog,crime andother plaguesof urbanizationin theGolden State为的是躲开黄金州”加尼福利亚州)的烟雾、犯罪和城市化带来的其他困扰
28.little more than twothirds the1960s growthfigure andconsiderably below that ofother Westernstates仅相当于I960年代增长率的2/3,也大大低于西部其他各州【题干及选项词汇】l.Discerned from the perplexingpictureof populationgrowththe1980census provided根据1980年美国人口普查提供的复杂的人口增长情况
3.enjoy thelowest netgrowthofpopulation inhistory经历了历史上最低的人口净增长
4.undergo anunparalleled period ofpopulationgrowth经历了一段空前的人口增长期
5.bring to a standstillits patternof migrationsince WorldWar II终止了自二战以来的迁移模式
5.it revealsthe Americans/new pursuitof spaciousliving它显示了美国人对广阔生活空间的新追求
6.it elaboratesthe delayedeffects ofyesterday1s“baby boomz/它详尽地阐述了昔日“婴儿潮〃的滞后影响
7.cities withbetter climatesbenefited unanimouslyfrom migration气候好的城市无一例外地都从人口迁移中收益
8.conservatives clingingto oldpatterns of life坚持旧生活模式的保守分子
(四十三)
1.Science has long hadan uneasyrelationship withother aspectsof culture.科学与文化的其他方面历来关系紧张l.Gallileo s17th-century trialfor hisrebelling beliefbefore theCatholic Church17世纪伽利略因其叛逆信仰所受到的天主教会的审判
3.harsh remarksagainst themechanistic worldviewof IsaacNewton对艾萨克•牛顿机械主义世界观的尖锐批评
4.The schismbetween science and the humanities has,if anything,deepened in this century.科学与人文之间这一分歧在本世纪甚至进一步加深
5.the scientificcommunity科学界
6.notably HigherSuperstition特秒是《高级迷信》
7.mathematician数学家
8.The Demon-Haunted World《鬼怪出没(神出鬼没)的世界》
9.voiced theirconcerns表达他们的担忧
10.The Flightfrom Scienceand Reason逃离科学与理性
11.Science in the Ageof(Mis)information(伪)信息时代的科学
12.findfaultprimarily withsociologists,philosophers andother academicswho havequestioned sciences objectivity主要(批评)挑那些质疑科学客观性的社会学家、哲学家和其他学者的毛病
13.believe inghosts,creationism andother phenomenathat contradictthe scientificworldview相信鬼怪、上帝创造论和其他违背科学世界观现象的人
14.A surveyof newsstories in1996reveals that the anti-science taghas beenattached to many othergroups as well1996年对新闻报道的调查表明,反科学的标签也贴在了许多其他群体身上
15.advocate theelimination of thelastremaining stocksof smallpoxvirus提倡消灭最后残存的天花病毒库
16.Few woulddispute that the termapplies to the Unabomber,whose manifesto,published in1995,scorns scienceand longsfor returnto apre-technological utopia.如果把这个术语用在〃隐形炸弹人(恐怖分子)身上,几乎不会有什么人反对(质疑),这个人在1995公开发表声明蔑视科学、渴望回到前技术时代的理想社会
17.uncontrolled industrialgrowth不加控制的工业增长
18.a pioneerof environmentalstudies环境研究的先驱
19.the depletionof theozone layer臭氧层的耗竭2O.Indeedz someobservers fearthat the anti-science epithetisindanger ofbecoming meaningless.事实上,——些观察者担/匕反科学这个词会变得无意义
21.They havein commononly onething that they tend to annoyor threatenthose whoregard themselvesasmoreenlightened.它们唯一的共同之处就是会激怒或威胁那些自恃更文明进步的人(更有见识的人)【题干及选项词汇】l.confrontation对抗,冲突
2.separation分裂,分歧(可与deepened搭配)
3.exemplify the division of scienceand thehumanities例证说明科学和人文的分歧
4.impartial公平的、不偏不倚的
(四十四)l.no gainwithout pain不劳无获
2.But whatabout painwithout gain但如果是劳而无获呢?
3.hear talesof corporaterevival听到企业复苏的传闻
4.What isharder toestablish iswhether theproductivity revolutionthat businessmenassume they are presidingover isfor real.商界人士自认为由其主导的生产力革命是否确有其事,这一点则更加难以确定
5.The officialstatistics aremildly discouraging.官方统计数据有些让人沮丧
1.1ump manufacturingand servicestogether把制造业和服务业合起来算
7.grow on average by...平均增长
8.somewhat faster略快
9.during theprevious decade在过去十年里
10.The troubleis thatpart of the recentacceleration isdue to最优秀诗人和哲学家的问题,这一点难以理解
1.1ntelligence encompassesmore thana scoreon atest智力不止包含一次测试的一个得分9Just whatdoes it mean to be smart那么什么才叫聪明呢lO.How much of intelligencecan bespecified智力有多少可以被明确(测知)
1.2learn aboutit fromneurology了解智力从神经学领域
12.define termof intelligence定义人类智力的术语
13.the testcomes primarilyin twoforms IQ测试主要有两种形式
14.although variationsof thempopulate bookstoresandthe World WideWeb尽管它们的改编版本在书店和互联网上随处可见
15.scoring is now basedon astatistical populationdistribution amongage peers现在分数计算是以同龄群体在统计学意义上的人口分布为基础的
16.rather than simply dividingthe mentalage by the chronologicalage andmultiplying by100而不是简单地用智力年龄除以生理年龄再乘以
10017.standardized tests标准化测试
18.traditional testbest assessanalytical andverbal skillsbut failto measurecreativity andpractical knowledge传统测试能够对分析能力和语言能力做出最佳评估,但不能评估创造能力和实践能力
19.components alsocritical toproblem solvingand lifesuccess theusual reboundthat occursat thispoint in a business cycle,and sois notconclusive evidenceof arevival in the underlyingtrend.问题在于,近年出现的生产力快速增长现象部分是由于商业周期到这个时间点通常会出现反弹造成的,因而不是经济复苏已是潜在趋势的确凿证据
11.the treasurysecretary财政部长
12.a”disjunction betweenthe massof businessanecdote thatpoints to a leapin productivity andthepicture reflectedby thestatistics.大量表明生产力飞跃增长的商业传闻与统计数据所反映的情况之间存在着脱节〃
13.new ways of organizingthe workplace--all thatre-engineering anddownsizing企业组织新方;J--------所有月B些诸如重新规划和精简规模等的做法
14.overall productivity总体生产力
15.be drivenbymanyother factors受到许多其他因素的驱动
16.such asjoint investmentin equipmentand machinery,new technology例如设备与机械和技术上的联合投资
17.be intended to keepthem profitable为了赢利
1.1increase productivity提高生产力
19.matter justas much有同样的功效(具有同等重要性)
20.Two otherexplanations aremore speculative.其他两种解释带有更大的猜测性
21.business restructuring企业重组
22.be ineptlydone做得不好(无能地)
23.former chiefexecutive前彳壬总裁
24.a rapidlygrowing chainof bakerycafes快速发展的面包咖啡连锁店
25.much re-engineering“has beencrude重组大多是粗糙的
26.the lossof revenuehas beengreater thanthe reductionsin cost企业收益的损失超出了成本的降低
27.far toomany companieshave appliedre-engineering in a mechanisticfashion,chopping outcosts withoutgiving sufficientthought tolong-term profitability太多的公司采用了机械的方式进行重组,没有充分考虑长期盈利能力就削减成本
28....is blunter…更是直言不讳
29.He dismissesa lotof thework ofre-engineering consultantsas mererubbish--the worstsort of ambulance chasing.”他对重组顾问所做的许多工作不屑一顾,将其视为纯粹的垃圾一典型(最坏的)的趁火打劫〃【题干及选项词汇】
1.at itsturning point处于转折点
2.near tocomplete recovery几乎完全复苏
3.exclude theusual reboundin a businesscycle排除了商业周期中的正常反弹现象
4.The consultantsareabunch ofgood-for-nothings.顾问是一群无用之辈
(四十五)
1.Few creationsof bigtechnology capturethe imaginationlike giantdams.重大技术创新中,很少能有像大型水坝一样这样能激起人们想象力的
2.Perhaps it is humankindslongsuffering at the mercyof floodand droughtthat makesthe ideaof forcingthe watersto doour biddingso fascinating.可能正是因为人类长期以来遭受旱涝灾害的摆布才使得治理江河、供我驱策的理想如此让人着迷
3.do moreharm thangood弊大于利
4.the lessonfrom dams建造大坝的教训
5.strive toassert themselves显示自己威力
6.Egypt sleadership in the Arabworld wascemented by the AswanHigh Dam.埃及由于建造了阿斯旺大坝而巩固了在阿拉伯世界的领导地位
7.Turkey fs bidfor FirstWorld statusincludes thegiant AtaturkDam.土耳其力图跻身世界一流地位的努力中也包括修建阿塔图尔克大坝
8.But bigdams tend not towork asintended.但是大坝往往不会按照预期来运行
9.The AswanDam,for example,stopped theNile floodingbut deprivedEgypt ofthe fertilesilt thatfloods left--all inreturn for a giantreservoir ofdisease whichisnowso fullof siltthat itbarely generateselectricity.以阿斯旺大坝为例,它阻止了尼罗河洪水泛滥,但也使埃及失去了洪水冲击后留下的肥沃淤泥一一这一切换来的是一座巨大的疾病库〃(水库),现在它已积满淤泥,以至于几乎无法发电
10.the mythof controllingthe waterspersists.控制水的错误观念(神话)还在继续
11.in theheart ofcivilized Europe在文明欧洲的腹地125lovaks andHungarians stoppedjust shortof sendingin thetroops in their contentionovera dam on the Danube.斯洛伐克和匈牙利就在多瑙河建坝问题上发生争端而差点动用了军队
13.Slovakia isbidding forindependence from the Czechs斯洛伐克正在寻求脱离捷克而独立
14.the WorldBank hasgiven thego-ahead to the even more wrong-headed NarmadaDam世界银行已经贷款给印度建造“更加执迷不悟(问题更大)的纳尔马达大坝”
15.the damwill causehardship for the powerlessand environmentaldestruction该大坝将给平民带来苦难,而且会破坏环境
16.The benefitsare for the powerful,but they are far from guaranteed.大坝只会给当权者带来利益,但这种利益也远远得不到保障
17.thecostand benefits成本和收益
18.help toresolve theseconflicts有助于解决这些冲突
19.Hydroelectric powerand floodcontrol andirrigation arepossible withoutbuilding monsterdams.即使不建怪兽大坝,水力发电、洪水治理以及引水灌溉也是可能的
20.deal withmyths与错误观念打交道(面对神话)
21.You don tneed adamto besaved.人们不需要水坝来拯救自己【题干及选项词汇】l.over-excited peopletend toneglect vitalthings过于兴奋的人容易忽视极为重要的事情22fascination makespeople lose their eyesight兴奋使人丧失视力23bring in more fertilesoil带来更肥沃的土壤24they helpdefend thecountry它们有助于国防25they strengtheninternational ties它们加强国际关系26they haveuniversal controlofthewaters它们能够全面控制水27〃It sno usecrying overspilt milk”覆水难收,后悔是没有用的28More haste,less speed欲速则不达29“Look beforeyou leapn三思而后行
30.He wholaughs lastlaughs best谁笑到最后,谁笑得最好U!十六)
1.monetary policy货币政策
2.steering theeconomy toa softlanding(操纵,控制)引导经济软着陆
3.a touchon thebrakes给经济踩刹车
4.Nothing couldbe furtherfrom thetruth.事实远非如此
5.The link between interest rates and inflation isuncertain.利率和通货膨胀之间的关系难以确定
6.longf variablelags一段时间长且变化不定的滞后期
7.Hence theanalogy thatlikens...to...因此有了这样的类比...
8.with ablackened windscreen挡风玻璃污痕累累
9.a crackedrear-view mirror后视镜破裂
10.a faultysteering wheel方向盘失灵
11.Given all these disadvantages,central bankersseem to have hadmuch toboast about of late.考虑到这些不利的因素,中央银行家们似乎近来还是颇有值得夸耀之处
12.average inflation平均通货膨胀率
13.this is a longway belowthe double-digit rates这远远低于两位数通胀率
14.the panelof economistswhich The Economist po\\s eachmonth每月接受《经济学人》意见调查的经济学家小组
1.1inflation rate通货膨胀率
16.as awhole总体上
17.run half a percentagepoint belowthe ratepredicted atthe end of last year比去年年底的预测值低半个百分点
18.This isno flashin thepan.这不是昙花一现
19.favorable inflationfigures温和(利好)的通胀数据
20.conventional measures传统的计量方法(判断尺度)
21.have littleproductive slack几乎没有出现经济萧条
22.capacity utilization产能利用率
23.hit historicallyhigh levels达到历史最高水平
24.be provedso mild变得如此缓和
25.the mostthrilling explanation最令人振奋的解释
26.a littledefective小有瑕疵(有缺陷的)
26.1ts joblessrate(
5.6%in August)has fallenbelow mostestimates ofthe naturalrate ofunemployment—the ratebelow whichinflation hastaken offin the past.失业率已降到低于大多数人对自然失业率的估计——过去,当失业率低于自然失业率估计数时,通胀率早已迅速上升
28.powerful structuralchanges in the worldhave upendedthe oldeconomic modelsthat werebased upon the historicallinkbetweengrowth andinflation.世界范围内经济结构的巨大变化已经颠覆了以经济增长和通货膨胀的历史关联为基础的旧有经济模式【题干及选项词汇】
1.follow certainmodels遵循某种模式
2.be entirelypredictable完全可预测
3.be stillapplicable仍然可适用
4.be comparableto...有可比之处
5.tolerant容忍的【阅读词汇】l.monetary a.钱的,货币的,金融的
2.steer vt.l.驾驶,为…操舵
2.引导vi驾驶
3.brake n.闸,制动器,刹车v.刹车,(车)被刹住vt.刹住(车)
4.like【真题有约】the likesof类似某人的人,…的一类人/物;the likeof像..一样的人/物
5.inflation n.通货膨胀
6.variable a.l.易变的,多变的;不定的
2.可变的n.可变因素,变量,可变量
7.lag vi.走得慢,落后n.滞后,(时间上的)间隔
8.hence ad.
1.因止匕,所以
2.今后,从止匕々analogy n.比拟,类比,类推lO.liken v.把….比作…,比拟
11.crack v.l.(使)破裂,(使)裂开
2.(使)塔啪地响n.裂缝,缝隙【真题有约1cracking a.重要的,出色的racked a.有裂缝的,破裂的
12.rearview n.后视镜,背视图;后视的U!l.No companylikes to be toldit iscontributing tothe moraldecline of anation.没有一家公司愿意受到〃造成国家道德沦丧”的砥K
2.Senator RobertDole参议院罗伯特•多尔
3.Z/Is thiswhat youintendedtoaccomplish withyour careers难道这就是你们想要实现的事业吗?”
4.such questionsare simplythe latestmanifestation ofthe soul-searching that has involvedthe companyever since the companywas bornin1990这些问题只不过是时代华纳公司自1990年成立以来不断进行反思的最新表现而已
5.1t7saself-examination thathas,at varioustimesf involvedissues ofresponsibility,creative freedom andthecorporate bottomline.这是一种自我反省,在不同时期涉及到责任、创作自由和公司底线等问题
6.atthecore of this debateis争论的焦点人物是…
7.take overfor thelate...接替已故的董事长…
8.on thefinancial front在财政方面
9.under pressureto raisethe stockprice andreduce thecompany7s mountainousdebt面临着提高股价,并减少公司巨额债务的压力
10.after twonew cabledeals close在两笔新的有线电视交易达成之后
11.restructure thecompany对公司进行重组
12.The flapover rapis notmaking lifeany easierfor him.公众对说唱乐的批评使得他的日子更加难过而这两个因素对于解决问题和在生活中取得成功也至关重要
20.be givenunder low-stress/high-stress conditions在压力/」/压力大的情况下进行测试
21.IQ wasnegatively correlatedwith leadership-that is,it predictedthe opposite.IQ与领导能力负相关-------也就是说,根据智商预测出的领导能力与实际情况相反
22.Anyone whohas toiledthrough SATwill testifythat test-taking skillalso matters,任何熬过”学术能力评估测试〃的人都可以证明,应试技巧也很重要【题干及选项词汇】
1.choose words or graphssimilar tothe given ones选出与所给单词或图形相似的单词或图形
2.as anindicator ofintelligence作为智力的(衡量)指标
3.the testcontents andformats foradults andchildren针对成人和儿童的测试内容和形式
4.the scoresare obtainedthrough differentcomputational procedures这些分数通过不同的计算方法获得
5.the definingcharacteristic ofIQ testshas changedIQ测试的定义性特征发生了改变
6.impartial公正的
7.biased带有偏见的
13.Levin hasconsistently defendedthecompany7s rapmusic on the groundsof expression.列文一直都以言论自由为由,为公司的说唱乐进行辩护
14.under firefor releasingIceT sviolent rapsong Cop版/勿因发行Ice-T的暴力说唱歌曲《警察杀手》而受到激烈谴责的时候
15.describe rapas alawful expressionof streetculture,which deservesan outlet将说唱音乐描述为街头文化的一种合法表达,并认为这种文化应该有个发泄的出口
16.The testof anydemocratic societylies not in howwell it can controlexpression but in whetherit givesfreedom ofthought andexpression thewidest possiblelatitude,however disputableor irritatingthe resultsmay sometimesbe对任何民主社会的考验,并不在于它能多么有效地控制言论表达,而在于它是否赋予了(人民)最广泛的思想和表达自由,无论这可能引起多么富有争议或令人厌烦的结果
17.write in a Wall Street Journalcolumn在《华尔街日报》专栏中写道
18.We won1t retreatin theface of any threats.”我彳门不会在任彳可威胁面前退缩
19.Levin would not commenton the debate lastweek列文不愿对上周的争论做出任何评论
20.back offhis hard-line stand,atleastto someextent至少在某种程度上放弃了自己强硬的立场
21.rock singingverses摇滚主题歌词
22.assert that“music is not thecause ofsociety1s ills(坚决)主张,断言,坚称〃音乐并不是引发社会弊端的原因
23.the“balanced strugglebetween creativefreedomand social responsibility创作自由与社会责任之间的〃平衡难题”
24.launch adrive todevelop standardsfor distribution and labelingof potentiallyobjectionable music发起一项运动,为可能引起反感的音乐制定发行和识别标准
25.corporate strategy公司战略
1.1insiders内部人士
27.the FirstAmendment宪法第一修正案
28.people associatedwith thecompany公司内部人员【题干及选项词汇】
1.Gerald Levinis liableto compromise.列文容易妥协
2.Time Warneris unitedas onein theface ofthedebate.在这场争议中,时代华纳公司团结一致
3.stick toa strongstand todefend freedomof expression坚持捍卫思想表达自由的强硬立场
4.soften histone and adopt somenew policy语气有所缓和并采F了某种新政策
5.changed hisattitude andyielded toobjection改变其态度并屈从于反对意见
6.A Companyunder Fire遭到责难的公司
7.A LawfulOutlet ofStreet Culture街头文化的合法表达途径
(四十八)
1.Technically,any substanceother thanfood thatalters ourbodily ormental functioningisadrug.严格地说,除食品外,任何能改变我们生理和心理机能的物质都是药物
2.mistakenly believethe termdrug refersonly to some sortof medicineor anillegal chemicaltaken bydrug addicts错误地认为“药物”一词仅仅指某些药品或是吸毒者服用的违禁化学品
3.themoreneutral termsubstance isused使用〃物质”这个更加中性的词
4.substance abuse物质滥用
5.make clearthat...阐明、澄清
6.use ofsubstances(drugs)is pervasive物质(药物)被广泛地使用
7.some wineto besociable用酒来应酬
8.coffee to get goingin themorning早晨喝咖啡提神(开始工作)
9.a cigarettefor thenerves抽烟来消除紧张(镇定)lO.socially acceptable社会认可
11.constructive uses(由建设性的)有助益的使用
12.be takenin excess过量服用
13.intense perceptualdistortions严重的知觉错乱
24.lead tophysical addictionor substancedependence导致身体上瘾或产生物质依赖
15.Dependence ismarked firstby anincreased tolerance,with more andmoreofthe substance requiredto producethe desiredeffect,and thenby theappearance ofunpleasant withdrawalsymptoms when thesubstanceis discontinued.物质依赖的最初表现是不断增长的抗药性,需要越来越大的剂量来产生预期效果,然后是一旦中断服用就会出现不适的戒断症状
16.Drugs(substances)that affectthe centralnervous systemand alterperception,mood,and behaviorare known as psychoactive substances.影响中枢神经系统,改变知觉、情绪和行为的药物(物质)被称为精神活性物质
17.Psychoactive substancesare commonlygrouped accordingto whetherthey arestimulants,depressants,or hallucinogens.通常根据是否是兴奋剂、镇静剂或幻觉剂来对精神活性物质进行分类
18.stimulants initiallyspeed upor activatethe centralnervous system兴奋剂起初起到加速或激活中枢神经系统的作用
19.whereas然而
20.hallucinogens havetheir primaryeffect onperception幻觉剂主要影响人的知觉
21.produce hallucinations产生幻觉
22.be calledpsychedelic被称作致幻剂
23.from theGreek wordmeaning“mind-manifesting psychedelic一词源于希腊语,意为“心灵显现
24.radically alterone sstate ofconsciousness彻底改变人的意识形态【题干及选项词汇】
1.Substance abuseis preferable to drug abuse inthat”物质滥用一词比药物滥用”更为可取的原因在于
2.“drugabuse“is onlyrelated toalimitednumber ofdrug takers〃药物滥用〃仅与少数吸毒者有关
3.alcohol andtobacco areas fatalas heroinand cocaine烟酒同海洛因和可卡因一样致命
4.widespread普遍的,分布广泛的
5.overwhelming占主流的、压倒性的
6.piercing尖的、穿透的
7.uncontrolled consumptionof themover long periods of time长时间无节制地嗜用它们
8.exclusive useof themfor socialpurposes仅将它们用于社交目的
9.quantitative applicationof themtothetreatment ofdiseases定量班等它们用于治病
10.careless employmentof themfor unpleasantsymptoms由于不良症候粗心地使用它们
11.stimulants functionpositively on the mind兴奋剂对心智有积极影响
12.hallucinogens arein themselvesharmful tohealth幻觉剂本身就危害健康
13.the threetypes ofpsychoactivesubstancesare commonlyused ingroups三种精神活性物质经常被一起使用
(四十九)
1.A reportconsistently broughtback byvisitors tothe USis howfriendly,courteous,and helpfulmost Americanswere to them.旅美归来的旅客总是会说,大多数美国人对他们如何友善、礼貌、乐于助人
2.to befair说实话,公平地说
3.small-minded officials心胸狭隘的官员
4.ill-mannered taxidrivers态度恶劣的出租司机
5.Yet it is anobservation madeso frequentlythat itdeserves comment但关于其待人友好的评论出现得如此频繁,很值得探讨一番
6.foralongperiod of time长久以来
7.a welcomebreak inan otherwisedull existence平日无聊生活中受欢迎的插曲
8.dullness andloneliness枯燥(无聊)和孤寂
9.live distantfrom onea nother■彼此住处相距甚远
10.welcome sources of diversion受欢迎的娱乐来源
11.the harshrealities ofthe frontier边远地区残酷的现实
12.shape thistradition ofhospitality促进这一好客传统的形成
13.the nearestcabin orsettlement最近的小屋或定居点
14.not merelya charitableimpulse on the part ofthesettlers M于移居者来说并非是一时冲动的善举
15.reflect the harshness ofdaily life反映了日常生活的严酷
16.charitable organizations慈善组织
17.specialize inhelping theweary traveler专门从事帮助疲惫旅行者的工作
18.especially in the smallercities andtowns awayfrom thebusy touristtrails在远离旅游热门路线的小城镇尤其如此
19.pretty soon不久
20.be understoodproperly被恰当理解
21.The casualfriendliness ofmany Americansshould be interpreted neitheras superficialnor as artificial,but as the resultof ahistorically developedcultural tradition.彳艮多美国人不经意表现的友好不应该被看做是表面的或虚假的,而应被视为历史文化传统发展的结果
22.as istrue of any developedsociety同任何发达社会情况一样(…对某人、某物成立)
1.1in Americaa complex set of cultural signals,assumptions,and conventionsunderlies allsocial interrelationships一系歹U复杂的文化符号、假定和习俗构成了美国所有社会关系的基础
24.understand socialand culturalpatterns理解其社会和文化模式
25.draw wrongconclusions得出错误的结论
26.the culturalimplications ofthe word这个词的文化含义
1.1lt takesmore thana briefencounter onabusto distinguishbetween courteous convention and individual interest.要区分礼貌习俗还是个人兴趣,单凭一次公车上的短暂邂逅是远远不够的
28.a virtuethat manyAmericans valuehighly andexpect fromboth neighborsand strangers很多美国人自身高度重视并期望从邻居和陌生人身上看到的美德【题干及选项词汇】29small-minded officialsdeserve aserious comment应该又寸心胸狭窄的官员进行严厉批评
2.most Americansare readyto offerhelp大多数美国人乐于助人
3.culture exercisesan influenceover socialinterrelationship文化影响社会关系
4.courteousconventionandindividualinterest areinterrelated礼貌习俗和个人兴趣相互关联
5.various virtuesmanifest themselvesexclusively amongfriends各种美德仅仅表现在朋友之间
6.social interrelationshipsequal thecomplexset ofculturalconventions社会关系等于一系列复杂的文化习俗
1.1n viewof theirlong-distance travel考虑到他们的长途跋涉
1.2o addsome flavorto their own dailylife为自己的日常生活增添乐趣
1.3utofa charitableimpulse出于一时的行善冲动
10.tend to be superficialand artificial往往是表面的、虚伪的
11.have somethingtodo with thebusy touristtrails与一些旅游热线有关
(五十)
1.1t was3:45in themorning whenthe votewas finallytaken.凌晨3:45终于做出投票表决
2.hot parliamentarydebates湛攵烈地议会辩论
3.Australias NorthernTerritory澳大利亚北领地(territory领地,属地)
4.thefirstlegal authorityin the world世界上第一个合法当局
5.take thelives ofincurably ill patients whowish to die.根据绝症病人自身意愿结束其生命
6.The measurepassed by the convincingvote of15to
10.这一议案以有说服力的15票对10票获得通过
7.almost immediatelyword flashedontheInternet几乎同时,该
(五)
1.examine thebirth certificates检查出生证明
2.the World Cup tournament世界杯足球锦标赛
3.find anoteworthy quirk发现一个值得注意的怪现象
4.elite soccerplayers精英的足球运动员
5.examine theEuropean nationalyouth teamsthat feedtheWorldCup andprofessional ranks分析为世界杯和职业球队输送人才的欧洲各国国家青年队(组织或团体的成员)
6.find this strange phenomenonto beeven morepronounced发现这一奇怪现象甚至更为显著
7.what mightaccount forthisstrangephenomenon这一奇怪现象可能的成因是什么呢?8xertain astrologicalsigns confersuperior soccerskills某些星座赐予球员高超的足球技能
9.have higheroxygen opacity具有更高的血液输氧能力
1.1increase soccerstamina增加踢足球时的耐力
11.conceive childrenin springtime在春天受孕
12.attheannual peakof soccermania在每年足球狂热的巅峰期
13.believe stronglyin坚信
14.switch topsychology转向心理学
15.first experimentinvolved memory他的首次实验与记忆里有关
16.a randomseries ofnumbers一组随机(任意)数字消息就迅即出现在互联网上
8.be pickedupf halfa worldaway,by...被身处地球另一端的...获知
9.executive director执行理事,常务董事
10.send iton viathe groupson-line service,Death NET通过协会的在线服务死亡之网〃发布了此消息
11.post bulletinsall daylong一整天都在发布公告
12.The fullimport maytake awhile tosink in.充分理解这一法案的全部意义可能尚需时日
13.the NTRights ofthe TerminallyIII law北领地绝症病人权利法案
1.1leave physiciansand citizensalike tryingto deal with itsmoral andpractical implications使得医生和普通市民同样都在试图从伦理和实际影响两方面斟酌这一问题
15.breathe sighsof relief长舒一口气,如释重负
16.right-to-life groups生命权利组织
17.Medical Association医学会
18.bitterly attackthe billandthehaste ofits passage对这一法案及法案通过的仓促性进行了猛烈抨击
19.But thetide isunlikely toturn back.但(潮流)大势已定,不可逆转
20.an agingpopulation老龄化人口
21.life-extending technology寿命延长技术
22.changing communityattitudes变化的公众态度
23.all play their part均产生各自影响(都发挥着各自的作用)
24.dealwitheuthanasia应对安乐死问题
25.theright-to-die movementis gatheringstrength死亡权利运动正积蓄力量
26.observers arewaiting forthe dominoesto startfalling观察家们正等待多米诺骨牌开始倒下
27.under thenew NorthernTerritory law根据北领地这项新法规
28.probably by a deadlyinjection orpill可能是通过注射致死药剂或口服致死药片
29.to put an endto suffering以结束痛苦
30.be diagnosedas terminally ill被诊断为末期绝症
31.after acooling offperiodofseven days在7天冷静期后
32.sign acertificate ofrequest签署一份请求证明
33.get onwith living without the haunting fearofhissuffering继续生活下去而无需惧怕驱之不散、恶魔般的病痛折磨
34.a terrifyingdeath fromhis breathingcondition因呼吸问题而在痛苦中死去
35.from aspiritual pointof view从精神层面的角度看
36.claw attheir masks用手猛抓氧气罩【题干及选项词汇】
1.the objectionto euthanasiais diminishinginsomecountries对安乐死的反对在一些国家在降低
2.changing technologyis chieflyresponsible forthe hastypassage ofthe law技术的变化应对该法案的仓促通过付主要责任
1.1t takestime toappreciate thesignificanceofthe lawz spassage理解该法案通过的意义尚需一段时间
4.have anintense fearof terriblesuffering对痛苦的折磨有强烈的恐惧
5.face hisdeath withcalm characteristicof euthanasia以安乐死的冷静心态面对死亡
6.hostile有敌意的
7.one matteroftime时间问题
8.farfromcertain远不能肯定
9.just anillusion只是一种错觉
10.a fadinghope渺茫的希望【阅读词汇】
1.take【真题有约】take pridein以…为骄傲;take avain pridein对…盲目自信;take out取得(保险等),除掉;take...seriously认真对待/考虑…;take turn轮流
2.parliamentary a.国会的,议会的
3.territory n.l.领土,版图,地区
2.领域,范围
4.authority n.L权力,权威;专家
2.[pL]官方,当局
5.flash vi.l.闪光,闪烁
2.飞驰,略过
3.出现n.闪光,闪烁,闪现
6.pick v.l.挑选,选择
2.采摘n.镐【真题有约】pick out挑选出,pick up获悉,打听到,听至I」,收至I」,发现,识别,捡起,获得,逐渐好转;picker采摘者
7.executive n.l.主管,高级行政人员,执行者
2.(政府的)行政部门a.执行的,经营管理的,有执行权的
8.bulletin n.l.(报纸、电台等)简明新闻,最新消息,新闻快报
2.公告,布告,公报
9.import n.l.进口,输入
2.[常pl.]进口商品,输入额
3.意义,重要性vt.进口,输入lO.sink
1.下沉,沉没
2.降低,下落vt.使下沉
2.使降低,n.水槽【真题有约】sink in完全理解,被充分理解,被领会,渗入ll.terminally ad.晚期,末尾,期末,在末端[习]terminallyill patients绝症(晚期)病人
1.1implication n.l.含意,暗示,暗指
2.卷入,牵连
3.影响,可能的结果
13.bitterly ad.强烈地;苦苦地;悲痛地
14.haste n.急速,急忙,仓促
15.passage n.l,通道
2.(文章等的)一段,一节
3.(地点)经过,通过
4.(法案等的)通过
16.tide n.l.潮,潮汐
2.潮流,趋势
17.unlikely a.未必的,不太可能的【真题有约】be unlikelyt不大可能,不在发生
18.go【真题有约】be going to将要,打算;go intobusiness从事商业;go thatfar做得那么极端;go along赞成,支持,进行
19.euthanasia n.安乐死
20.strength n.l.力,力气
2.实力,力量
21.domino n.多米诺骨牌(效应)
22.fall【真题有约】fall below降到…水平之下,低于,减到少于;fall sick生病
23.injection n.注射,注人
24.put【真题有约】put right改正,使恢复正常;put onmake up上妆;
25.end【真II有约】putan endto结束,终止;end up结束;end upin以…告终/结束;attheendofthe day说到底,总之;in theend终于,最八
26.off【真题有约】be off落下来,掉下来;far off遥远的
27.mean【真题有约】well-meaning善意的,好心的;by nomeans绝不,一点也不
28.get【真题有约】get onwith继续做某事,在…获得成功,与某人关系良好
29.haunt vtl.(鬼魂等)常出没于
2.(思想、回忆等)萦绕在心头,缠绕n.常去的地方【真题有约】thehauntingfear挥之不去的恐惧;haunting a.萦绕心头的
30.point【真题有约】from aspiritual pointof view从精神层面的角度看
31.learned a.博学的,学术的
32.objection n.反对,异议
33.diminish vi.逐渐变少,变小,降低vt减少,减小,降低
34.chiefly ad.主要地
35.appreciate vt.l.重视,赏识
2.为…表示感激
3.(充分)意识到,领会,理解Vi.增值
36.come【真题有约】come from来自,出生;come out结果是,出现,出版;come up with提出,赶上,想出;come in进来,进入,收入(钱);to come未来的,将到来的(作名词的后置定语);come down(from...)(to...)从一处来到另一处
36.1ntense a.L强烈的,极度的,剧烈的,紧张的
2.认真的,专注的
38.hostile a.敌对的,不友善的,敌方的
39.illusion n.L幻想,错误的观念
2.错觉,幻觉
17.digit span数字记忆跨越
18.coupled withlater research加上后续的研究
19.genetically determined基因决定
20.conclude that the actof memorizingis moreofacognitive exercisethan anintuitive one得出结论记忆行为与其说是一种直觉活动,不如说是一种认知活动
21.in otherwords换句话说
22.whatever inborndifferences twopeople mayexhibit in their abilitiesto memorize不论两个人在记忆能力方面表现出什么先天性差异
23.be swampedby howwell eachperson encodesthe information被个人编码”信息能力的强弱所掩盖
24.a processknownasdeliberate practice一个被称为〃刻意练习“的过程
25.Deliberate practiceentails morethansimplyrepeating atask.Rather,it involvessetting specificgoals,obtaining immediatefeedback andconcentrating asmuch ontechnique ason outcome.〃刻意训练〃需要的不仅仅是简单地重复任务,确切地讲,它需要制定明确目标、获取即时反馈并且要技巧与结果并重
26.have thustaken tostudying expert performers ina widerange ofpursuits由此开始沉湎于研究众多领域的出色表现者
27.make arather startlingassertion得出一个相当令人震惊的研究结果
28.the traitwe commonlycall talentis highlyoverrated我们通常称之为“天赋的这一特质被过于高估了
29.put anotherway换句话说
30.expertperformers/high achiever表现优异者
1.1in memoryor surgery在记忆里还是外科手术领域
32.computer programming计算机编程
33.be nearlyalways made,not born几乎都是造就的,而不是天生的【题干及选项词汇】l.spotlight the soccer superstarsin theWorldCup聚焦(突显)世界杯比赛中的足球超级明星
2.craze狂热
3.hysteria歇斯底里
4.depend onmeaningful processingof information取决于对信息进行有目的的处理
5.require immediatefeedback and a highdegree ofconcentration需要即时反馈和高度集中的注意力
6.the role of talenttends to be overlooked天赋的作用往往被忽略
7.high achieversowe theirsuccess mostlyto nurture杰出人物的成功主要归因于后天的培养
8.Faith willmove mountains.精诚所至,金石为开”
9.One reapswhat one sows.种瓜得瓜,种豆得豆”
10.Practice makesperfect.熟能生巧”
11.Like father,like son.有其父,必有其子
(六)
1.many thingsmake peoplethink artistsare weird许多事情使人们认为艺术家是怪异的(古怪的,与众不同的)
2.are thosebest suitedfor expressingjoy是最适合表达喜悦的
3.but somewherefromthe19th centuryonward但大约从19世纪某个时候开始(从某时起一直)
4.begin seeinghappiness asmeaningless,phony or,worst of all,boring开始把幸福看作是无趣的、虚幻的(假冒的),甚至是(最糟糕的是)使人厌烦的情感
5.aswewent fromWordsworth sdaffodils toBaudelaire7s flowersof evil正如我们从华兹华斯的《水仙花》到波德莱尔的《恶之花》所体验到的一样
6.because moderntimes haveseen so much misery因为现代社会经历了如此多的苦难
7.but it snot as ifearlier timesdidn t know perpetualwar但早期社会又不是没有经历过连年战乱
8.the massacreof innocents大规模屠杀无辜
9.just theopposite恰恰相反
10.there is too muchdamn happinessin theworld today当今世界有太多令人作呕的(该死的)幸福
11.After all,what isthe onemodern formof expressionalmost completelydedicated todepicting happinessAdvertising.那种几乎完全致力于描绘幸福的唯一现代表达形式是什么?是广告
12.the rise of anti-happy artalmost exactlytracks theemergence ofmass media反幸福艺术的兴起几乎完全与大众传媒同步
13.and withit,a commercialculture inwhich happiness isnotjust anideal but an ideology与之相伴而生的还有一种商业文化,在这种文化中,幸福不仅是一种理想,更是一种意识形态
14.be surrounded by remindersof misery被苦难提示信息团团包围
15.they workeduntil exhausted,lived with few protectionsand diedyoung他们工作到精疲力尽,生活几乎没有任何保障,且年纪轻轻便会命丧黄泉
7.chemical responses化学反应
1.1ncreased doseof stresschemicals更多压力化学物质剂量
1.2trsnotnecessarily that women don,t copeas well未必是女性不能同样地应付压力
10.have somuch more to cope with不得不应付多得多的压力
11.tolerate stress承受压力
12.they becomeworn outfrom itmore visiblyand sooner以致她们精疲力竭得更明显且更快
13.note anotherdifference betweenthe sexes还提至I」两t生间的另一种差别
14.the kindsof thingsthatwomenare exposed to tend to be inmoreofachronic orrepeated nature女性面临的各种事情往往更具长期性或反复性
15.Men go to warand areexposedtocombat stress男人上战场,面临的是搏斗的压力
16.be exposedto moreacts ofrandom physicalviolence面临更多的是偶尔的身体上的暴力行为17Jnterpersonal violence人际间的暴力
1.1in domesticsituations在家庭环境中
19.tendnot to be one-shot deals往往不是一次了事
20.The wear-and-tear that comes fromthese longerrelationships can be quitedevastating/7这些长久关系带来的折
16.before masscommunication andliteracy在大众传播和教育普及之前
17.remind worshippersthat信徒们会被提醒
18.they wouldsomeday bemeat forworms他们有朝一日将沦为腐尸被蠕虫啮噬
19.Given allthis,they didnot exactlyneed theirart tobeabummer too鉴于这一切,他们根本不需要艺术也成为T牛而人之物
20.news anchors新闻主播
21.our magazinesfeature beamingcelebrities andhappy familiesin perfecthomes我们的杂志载满(突出)满面春光的名人以及完美住宅里的幸福家庭
22.have anagenda有——个目的
23.lure usto openour wallets诱使我们打开钱包
24.make thevery ideaof happinessseem unreliable使得幸福这一概念看起来不可靠
25.“Celebrate!”commanded theads forthe arthritisdrug Celebrex,欢庆吧!关节炎药西乐葆的广告这样鼓动道
26.happiness ismorethanpleasure withoutpain幸福并是没有痛苦的快乐
27.carry thegreatest potentialfor lossand disappointment最有可能带来损失的失望
28.surroundedbypromises ofeasy happiness至U处都是对唾手可得的幸福的承诺2^.Memento拉丁语(记住你终有一死)3O.everything ends万事皆会结束
31.happiness comesnotindenying thisbutinlivingwithit幸福不在于否定这一点而在于忍受它
32.lt sa messageeven morebitter thana clovecigarette,yet,somehow,a breathof freshair.这是甚至比丁香烟还要苦涩的启示,但不知何故,却带来了一缕清新的空气【题干及选项词汇】l.art growsout ofboth positiveand negative feelings艺术既产生于正面情感也产生于负面情感
2.isacauseofdisappointment forthe generalpublic是弓I起公众失望的原因
3.happiness moreoften thannot endsin sadness幸福多数情况下以悲伤告终4,theanti-happy artis distastefulbut refreshing反幸福艺术令人不悦但却使人头脑清醒
(七)
1.prehistoric man史前人类
2.something strangehappened tothe largeanimals——些奇怪的事发生在大型动物身上
3.they suddenlybecame extinct它们突然灭绝了
4.the large,slow-growing animalswere easygame生长缓|曼的大型动物容易成为猎物被捕获
5.be quicklyhunted toextinction迅速被猎杀直至灭绝
6.hasbeenknown foryears多年来早已知晓(持续数年)
7.look athalfacentury of data fromfisheries aroundtheworld研究了世界各地的渔场半个世纪以来的数据
8.attempt toestimate theactual biomass(the amountof livingbiological matter)of fishspecies in particular partsoftheocean试图估算特定海域中鱼类的实际生物量(活体生物的数量)
9.but ratherchanges inthat biomassover time而是(估算)随着时间推移这些生物量的变化
10.the biomassof large predators大型食肉鱼类的生物量
11.the startof exploitation开发之初
12.be reducedon averageby平均减少了・・・
13.acknowledge thatthese figuresare conservative承认这些数据是保守的
14.Todays vesselscan findtheir preyusing satellitesand sonar,which werenot available50years ago.当今的船只可以使用50年前还没有的卫星和声呐技术来寻找猎物
15.a higherproportion ofwhat isin thesea isbeing caught更高比例的海洋生物正在被捕获
16.changes incatch sizes在捕获量变化上
17.in theearly days,too,longlines would have beenmore saturatedwith fish在早期多钩长线上本可以挂满更多的鱼(充满,处于饱和状态)
18.since nobaited hookswouldhavebeen availableto trapthem因为没有可利用的带饵鱼钩来诱捕它们
19.leading toan underestimateof fishstocks in the past进而导致过去的鱼类资源量(储量)被低估
1.1in theearly days of longlinefishing在使用多钩长线捕鱼的初期
21.be lostto sharks被鲨鱼夺走
22.that isno longera problem这已不再是一个问题
23.give acorrect baseline,which futuremanagement effortsmust take into account提供一个未来管理活动必须考虑的正确基线
24.marine biologists海洋生物学家
25.the/shifting baseline/变化基线
26.a relativelyshort time相对较短时间
27.the maximumsustainable yieldthat can be croppedfrom afishery从渔场能够获得的最大持续渔获量
28.the biomassofatarget species目标物种的生物量
29.be wellbelowthat远低于【题干及选项词汇】l.slow-growing fishoutlive fast-growing ones生长缓慢的鱼类比生长快的鱼类寿命长
1.1argepredators大型食肉鱼类
3.the marinebiomass hassuffered agreater loss海洋生物量已遭受了更大的损失
4.biomass level生物量水平
(八)
1.wo distinctlyseparate andincreasingly hostilebranches两个泾渭分明且日益敌对的分支
2.present superbproductions ofthe plays上演精彩绝伦的剧目
3.townsfolk市民,城镇居民
4.live off靠...为生
5.look atAnne Hathaways Cottage小屋(村舍)
6.the worthyresidents令人尊敬的居民们
7.doubt thatthe theatreadds apenny totheir revenue认为剧院没有为他们增添哪怕一分钱的收入
8.frankly dislike毫不掩饰地讨厌
9.with theirlong hairand beardsand sandalsand noisiness留着长发、蓄着胡须、穿着凉鞋、吵吵嚷嚷
1.1lt sall deliciouslyironic when...这真是绝妙的讽刺
1.5Shakespeare,who earnstheir living养活他们的莎士比亚
12.did hisshareofnoise-making噪音制造也有他的一份
13.The touriststreams are not entirelyseparate.旅客流并不是完全分离的
14.take inWarwick Castleand BlenheimPalace onthe side顺道去参观…
15.the playgoersdo managea littlesight-seeing alongwith theirplaygoing看戏的人则除看戏之外还会设法抽出时间游览一些昂占
16.the RSCcontends皇家莎士比亚剧团坚称
17.bring inmuchofthe town7s revenue给小镇带来了大量收入
18.takeineverything and get out of townby nightfall在夜幕降临前游览完所有地方然后离开小镇
19.dontsee itthis way并不这么认为
20.does notcontribute directlytothesubsidy ofthe RSC不直接出钱补贴皇家莎士比亚剧团
21.cry poortraditionally历来有哭穷的传统
22.Nevertheless everyhotel intown seemstobeadding a new wingor cocktaillounge.然而镇上的每家旅馆似乎都在增建新的侧厅或酒吧间
23.which youmaybesure will be decoratedwith HamletHamburger Bars,the LearLounge,the BanquoBanqueting Room,andsoforth,and will be veryexpensive.你几乎可以肯定它会配备哈姆雷特汉堡吧、李尔休息室、班柯宴会包间等,而且会是非常奢华
24.needasubsidy需要补贴
25.The theatrehas brokenattendance recordsfor threeyears ina row.剧院连续三年打破上座记录
26.costs haverocketed andticket priceshave stayedlow成本在飞涨,而票价却一直保持低位
27.the mostattractive clientele最有吸引力的顾客
28.They allseem tolook alikethough theycome from all over--lean,pointed,dedicated faces,wearing jeansand sandals,eating theirbuns andbedding downforthe night onthe flagstonesoutside the theatre tobuy the20seats and80standing-room ticketsheld forthe sleepersand soldtothemwhenthebox officeopens at10:30a.m.虽然他们来自世界各地,但他们看起来都很相像——身材瘦削,棱角分明率直的,表情专注(虔诚),穿着牛仔裤和凉鞋,啃着小圆面包,晚上在剧院外的石板上打地铺过夜,就是为了等着在上午十点半售票处开门时购买预留给露宿者的20张坐票和80张站票【题干及选项词汇】
1.1mitate Shakespeareonandoff stage台上台下都在模仿莎士比亚
2.thetwobranches ofthe RSCare noton goodterms皇家莎士比亚剧团的两个分支关系不和
3.thetheatreattendance isonthe rise剧院上座率在上升
4.take adetached attitude采取超然中立的态度
(九)
1.an amazingmachine forhomogenizing people一夸B使人们同化的惊人机器
2.there isthe democratizinguniformity ofdress anddiscourse,andthecasualness andabsence ofdeference characteristicof popularculture大众文化有着服饰和言语上民主化(大众化)的一致,以及为人随和与相互平等的特征
3.be absorbedinto,7a cultureof consumption被消费文化所深深吸引
4.offer vastarrays ofgoods inan elegantatmosphere在体面优雅的环境中供应琳琅满目的商品
5.instead ofintimate shopscatering toa knowledgeableelite而不是迎合知识精英的私密商店
6.the massmedia大众传媒
7.other forcesfor homogenization同化的其他推动力
8.fit intothis common culture融入这种共同文化
9.be altogetherelevating具有提升作用
10.be hardlypoisonous几乎对社会无害
11.writing forthe NationalImmigration Forum在为国家移民论坛撰稿时
12.today/s immigrationis neitherat unprecedentedlevels norresistant toassimilation如今的移民既未达到前所未有的水平也没有抵制同化
13.consider threeindices ofassimilation--language,home ownershipand intermarriage考虑一下同化的三个指标------语言、住房所有权和异族通婚
14.the1990Census1990年人口普查
15.tendtobe bilingualand proficientin English往往通晓双语并精通英语
1.1immigrant family移民家庭
17.hence thedescription ofAmerica as a“graveyard”for languages因此美国被形容为语言的“墓地
18.foreign-born immigrants外国出生的移民
19.foreign-born Asiansand Hispanics外国出生的亚裔和西班牙裔移民
20.remote villages偏远乡村
21.remain somehowimmune tothe nation7s assimilativepower依然不知怎么地保持着不受美国同化力量的影响
22.Are theredivisive issuesand pocketsof seethinganger inAmerica在美国存在引起分歧(分裂)的问题和小范围(块)涌动的怒火吗?
23.lt isbig enoughto have a bitof everything.美国太大了,各种事情都有可能会发生
24.view againstAmerica7s turbulentpast在美国动荡过去的背景下来看
25.social indices社会指标
26.hardly suggesta darkand deterioratingsocial environment并未显示出一种黯淡退化的社会环境【题干及选项词汇】l.assimilating吸收,同化
2.monopolizing垄断,独占磨(损耗)可能是极具毁灭性的
21.give birthtoason生有一子
22.be determinedto finishcollege坚决要完成大学学业
23.1struggled a lot toget thecollege degree.我为了拿到大学学位拼命努力
24.live insomuchfrustration生活极其不如意251lived frompaycheck topaycheck我过着勉强糊口的生活
26.experience severechronic stresses承受着巨大的长期性压力
27.cope with alotof obligations,withfewbreaks担负着许多责任,几乎没有放松的时刻
28.feel thestrain感到焦虑
29.demonstrate theimportanceoffinding waysto diffusestress beforeit threatensyour healthand yourability tofunction说明在压力威胁到你的健康和身体机能之前寻求途径缓解压力是相当重要的【题干及选项词汇】
1.be biologicallymore vulnerable to stress在生理上更易受到压力的伤害
2.be moreexperienced更有经验
3.show differentinclinations表现出不同的倾向
3.owed itsemergence tothe cultureof consumption出现的原因是消费文化
4.be resistantto homogenization拒绝同化
5.exert agreat influenceon Americanculture又寸美国文化产生巨大影响
6.be hardlya threattothecommonculture对共同文化几乎不构成威胁
7.constitute the majority ofthe population构成人口的大对数
8.rewarding有回报的+
1.public figure公众人物
2.command alanguage掌握一门语言
5.aspire to...渴望,立志做
4.The Degradationof Language3/74语言和音乐的退化
5.a linguistand controversialistof mixedliberal andconservative views一位混杂着自由派与保守派观点的善辩者
6.see thetriumph of1960s counter-culture asresponsible forthedeclineof formalEnglish认为20世纪60年代反文化运动的胜利是导致正式英语衰落的主要原因
7.blaming thepermissive1960sisnothing new责怪纵容放任的20世纪60年代并不新鲜
8.another criticismagainst thedecline ineducation对教育退步的又一场批判
9.academic speciality学术专长
10.gradual disappearance逐渐消失
11.no moreregrettable thanthe lossofthe case-endings ofOld English和古英语中词格尾缀的消失一样根本没什么可遗憾的执推崇
八、、j
12.spell thedeath offormal speech导致了正式演讲的消亡
14.while eventhe modestlyeducated soughtan elevatedtone whenthey putpen topaper beforethe1960s在20世纪60年代以前,就算是受教育不太多的人在下笔时都会寻求一种高格调
15.the mostwell regardedwriting最受好评的文章
16.seek tocapture spokenEnglish onthe page力求在书面上体现口语化
17.the highlypersonal,performative genre高度个性化和富有表现力的创作风格
18.the onlyform thatcould claimreal liveliness唯一能够体现真实生动的形式
19.in bothoral andwritten English,talking istriumphing overspeaking,spontaneity overcraft无论是在口语还是书面语中z随意言谈胜过了正式讲话,即兴发挥也胜过了精雕细琢20Jllustrated with an entertainingarray ofexamples fromboth highand lowculture从雅俗文化中例举大量(一系列的)有趣的例子
21.unmistakable确凿无疑的
22.take thequestion ofhis subtitle就书中副标题提出的问题
23.non-standard ones非标准语言
24.be powerfullyexpressive具有强大的表现力
25.there existsno languageor dialectin theworld thatcannot conveycomplex ideas世上没有传达不了复杂思想的语言或方言
26.we canno longerthink straightbecause wedo nottalk proper我们说话方式不规范就会让我们无法准确地思考
27.carry largechunks ofmemorized poetryin theirheads他们的脑海中深印着大段大段的诗歌
28.elaborate speech精心准备演讲
29.be notstrictly necessary并非绝对的不可或缺
30.propose noradical educationreforms并未提议要进行彻底的教育改革
31.grieve over the lossof somethingbeautiful morethan useful为那些美好多过实用的事物的消逝而哀叹【题干及选项词汇】
1.be butall toonatural inlanguage development只不过是语言发展过程中的自然现象
2.cause thecontroversy over the counter-culture弓I发了围绕反文化潮流的争议
3.bring aboutchanges inpublic attitudesin the1960s导致了20世纪60年代公众态度的变化
4.liveliness生动
1.1nformality非正式
6.contempt fortheir old-fashionedness对他们过时行为的蔑视
7.radical isto conservative激进的之于保守的
8.functional isto artistic实用的〃之于艺术的
9.humble isto noble卑微的之于高贵的〃H-l.ofallthe componentsofa good nights sleep,dreams seemtobeleast withinour control在一夜好眠的所有因素中,梦似乎是最难控制的
2.a windowopens into a worldwhere logicis suspended有一扇通向逻辑暂时失效(暂停)的世界
3.Freud formulatedhis revolutionarytheory thatdreams were the disguisedshadows ofour unconsciousdesires and fears弗洛伊德系统阐述(创立)他的革命性理论——梦是人们无意识的欲望和恐惧伪装以后的阴影
4.neurologist神经学家
5.switch to转入
6.mental noise精神噪音
7.the randombyproducts ofthe neural-repair work that goeson duringsleep睡眠期间持续进行神经修复活动的随机副产品
8.mind semotional thermostat大脑情绪自动调节系统
9.regulating moodswhilethebrain isoff-line.当大脑处于“离线’状态时对情绪进行调整
10.one leadingauthority一位权威人士
11.these intenselypowerful mentalevents can be notonly harnessedbut actuallybrought underconscious control梦这种强烈的心理活动不仅能被抑制,而且还可以将其置于有意识的控制之下
12.brain imaging大脑成像
13.vivid dreams清晰梦境
14.the limbicsystem脑边缘系统
15.the emotionalbrain大脑控制情绪的部分
16.the prefrontalcortex前额皮层
17.the centerof intellectand reasoning思维和推理的中心地带
18.stay withus allday伴随我们一整天
19.show upamong...显露于・・.中2O.early in thenight前半夜
21.progressing towardhappier onesbefore awakening在醒来前逐渐进展为较为愉快的梦
22.suggesting thattheyareworking throughnegativefeelingsgenerated during the day这说明人们在梦里逐渐化解(克服)白天所产生的负面情绪
23.this processneed notbe lefttotheunconscious这一过程未必是无意识的
24.exercise consciouscontrol overrecurring baddreams对不断重现的噩梦施加有意识的控制
25.identify whatis upsettingabout thedream确定梦中是什么令你心烦意乱
26.visualize howyou would like itto endinstead想象一下你要它如何换种方式结束
27.control itscourse控制它的进程
28.with muchpractice peoplecan learnto,literally,do itin theirsleep通过反复练习,人们真的可以在睡眠之中控制噩梦了
29.general feelings of insecurity常见的总体的不安全感
30.those sufferingfrom persistentnightmares那些长期遭受梦魇折磨的人
31.seek helpfromatherapist寻求治疗专家的帮助
32.have itswaysof working throughbad feelings有其化解不良情绪的方法
33.sleep—or ratherdream—onit枕着忧虑睡觉,或更准确地说是做梦【题干及选项词汇】
1.be susceptibleto emotionalchanges容易受到情绪变化的影响
2.reflect ourinnermost desiresandfears反映了我们内心深处的欲望和恐惧
3.a randomoutcome ofneural repairs神经修复中随机产生的结果
4.aggravate inour unconsciousmind在潜意识中加重+-
1.insist thatwe didn1tknowfor sure坚称我们对此无法定论
2.insist thatthe evidencewas inconclusive,the scienceuncertain坚称证据不确凿,科学不确定
3.antismoking lobbywas outto destroyour wayof life反对吸烟的游说者是为了破坏我们的生活方式
4.stay outoftheway不干涉;置身事外
5.buy thatnonsense听信那些无稽之谈(谬论)
6.go toearly graves过早地进了坟墓(早死)
7.there areupsetting parallelstoday如今令人不安的类似情形再次出现
1.1nonewave after another try to awakenustothe growingthreat ofglobal warming前仆后继努力唤醒我们关注全球变暖这一与日俱增的威胁
9.enlisted by theWhiteHouse受白宫邀请成立
10.the Earths atmosphereis definitelywarming地球气候毫无疑问正在变暖
11.be largelyman-made主要是人为造成的
12.get movingto protectourselves着手来保护我们自己
13.add thiskey pointin theprefacetothe panels report在专家小组报告的前言中加上了这一重要观点
14.provide uswith thebest availableguide tothe future为我们提供了关于未来最具可行性的指导
15.concerning thefuture consequencesof presentactions关于人类当前行为对未来的影响
16.voices nowcome frommany quarters现在来自多方面的声音
17.keep pouringfumes intothe air继续向大气中排放废气
18.by thetime100percent ofthe evidenceisin到证据百分之百确凿的时候
19.with therisks obviousand growing,a prudentpeople wouldtake outan insurancepolicy now随着风险日益明显并加剧,明智谨慎的民族现在就应该采取防范措施了(投保)
20.take globalwarming seriously严肃看待全球变暖问题
21.continue topress formore research继续敦促(要求)进行更多研究
22.a classiccase of11paralysis by analysis.”典型的分析导致瘫痪”的案例
23.serve asresponsible stewardsoftheplanet担负好地球保护者的责任
24.we mustpress forwardon deeperatmospheric andoceanic research我们必须加紧推进对于大气和海洋的深入研究
25.take thelegislative initiative行使立法动议权(先行措施)
26.fashion conservationmeasures制定保护措施
27.offer financialincentives forprivate industry为私企提供财政奖励
28.a promisingstart一个很有希望的开端
29.power plants发电厂
30.it iscrucial thatthose newplants beenvironmentally sound关键是要发电厂对环境无害【题干及选项词汇】
1.the correlationbetween smokingand death吸烟和死亡的关联
2.prudent planninghinders progress谨慎的计划阻碍发展
3.extensive researchhelps decision-making广泛的研究有利于决策制定
4.take somelegislative measures采取一些立法措施
5.they bothsuffered fromthe governments negligence两个问题同时都被政府忽视
6.a lessonfromthelatter isapplicable tothe former从吸烟问题中吸取的教i)11也适用于全球变暖问题
7.the outcomeofthelatter aggravatesthe former吸烟问题产生的后果加剧了全球变暖
(十三)
1.a fatpay rise丰厚的加薪
2.yet pleasureat yourown canvanish然而快乐可能会骤然消失
3.have areputation forslacking有懒散的名声
4.be outraged变得震怒
5.be regardedas all too human/1被认为是〃人之常情〃
4.the stresswomen confront女性面临的压力
5.durable andfrequent长期的、频繁的
6.trivial andrandom琐碎的、偶然的
7.barely coverher householdexpenses几乎不能满足家庭开支
8.pay practicallyeverything bycheck几乎都使用支票付款
9.Strain ofStress:No WayOut压力的束缚无路可逃lO.Gender Difference性别差异
11.Stress Analysis:What ChemicalsSay压力分析化学物质起的作用
12.Gender Inequality:Women UnderStress性别不平等压力下的女性-l.It neverrains butit pours.不雨则已,一雨倾盆
2.sort outtheir worstaccounting andcompliance troubles解决了最为棘手的财务和合规问题
3.improve theirfeeble corporationgovernance改善了薄弱的公司治理
6.with theunderlying assumptionthat其潜在的假设是…
7.be capableof thisfinely developedsense ofgrievance具有这种细微发达的不满意识
8.it isalltoomonkey,as well这也是〃猴之常情〃
9.female browncapuchin monkeys雌性棕色僧帽猴lO.theyare good-natured,co-operative creatures它们是生性温和,乐于合作的动物ll.above all最重要的是
12.like theirfemale humancounterparts像人类女性一样
13.pay muchcloser attentionto...更;主重
14.perfect candidates理想人选
15.exchange tokensfor food用筹码换取食物
16.slices ofcucumber黄瓜片
17.be placedin separatebut adjoiningchambers被安置在隔开但相邻的房间里
18.became markedlydifferent变得明显不同了
19.in theworld ofcapuchins在僧帽猴的世界里
1.1luxury goods奢侈品
21.be muchpreferabletocucumbers比黄瓜受欢迎得多
22.be reluctantto不情愿
23.without havingto provideher tokenin exchangeat all根本无需用代币作为交换
24.toss herown tokenoutofthe chamber把自己的代币扔出房间
25.induce resentment弓I起愤恨
26.Such co-operation islikely tobe stableonly wheneach animalfeels it isnotbeing cheated.只有当每只猴子都感到自己没有遭受不公时,这种协作才可能稳定
27.feelingsofrighteous indignation,it seems,are notthe preserveof peoplealone义愤感似乎不只是人类所独有
28.abundantly clear十分明确
29.However,whether such a senseof fairnessevolved independentlyin capuchinsand humans,or whetherit stemsfromthecommon ancestorthatthespecies had35million yearsago,is,as yetzan unansweredquestion.但是这种公平感是从卷尾猴和人类身上各自演化而来,还是来源于三千五百万年以前他们共同的祖先,至今仍是个有待回答的问题【题干及选项词汇】l.in theopening paragraph在文章开头段
2.pose acontrast形成对照3justify anassumption证明一种假定
4.bemoreinclined toweigh whatthey get更喜欢权衡比较自己所得
5.be attentiveto researchersinstructions注意听从研究者的指
6.nice inboth appearanceand temperament;,夕卜表和性倩者B很好
7.human indignationevolved from an uncertainsource人类的愤怒源自什么不得而知
(十四)
1.place avery highvalue onintellect对才智高度重视
2.our heroesare athletes,entertainers,and entrepreneurs我们的英雄都是运动员、娱乐明星及企业家
3.get apractical education接受实用教育
4.nottopursue knowledgeforthesake ofknowledge不是为了知识而去求知
5.symptoms ofpervasive anti-intellectualism普遍的反才智主义症状
6.schools havealways beenina society wherepractical ismore importantthan intellectual学校一直处于一个重实用而轻才智的社会中
7.schools couldbeacounterbalance学校原本可以成为一种抗衡力
8.Left Back:A Centuryof FailedSchool Reforms《落后学校改革失败的一个世纪》
9.trace theroots ofanti-intellectualism追溯反才智主义的根源lO.concluding theyare anythingbutacounterbalance tothe Americandistaste forintellectual pursuits结论是,学校在美国人对才智追求的厌恶方面根本没有起到平衡作用
11.but theycould andshould be然而学校原本可以并且也应该做到这一点
12.reject thelife ofthe mind放弃精神生活
1.1leave themvulnerabletoexploitation andcontrol使他们很容易受到利用和控制
14.continuing alongthis path沿着这条路走下去
15.become asecond-rate country变成一个二流国家
16.havealess civilsociety公民社会的程度将会降低
1.1intellect isresented as a formof poweror privilege才智被当作一种权力或特权而遭到厌弃
1.2our democraticand populisturges我们对于民主和民粹主义的渴望
19.reject anythingthat smellsof elitism拒绝任何带有精英优越论味道的东西
20.practicality讲究实际
21.native intelligence先天智力
22.noble qualities高尚品质
23.Transcendentalist philosophers先验主义哲学家
24.rigorous booklearning严苛的/僵化的书本学习
25.put unnaturalrestraints onchildren对孩子天性的人为抑制
26.be shutupinrecitation rooms被关在背书的房间
27.with abellyful ofwords anddo notknow athing满腹经纶却什么也不懂
28.exemplify Americananti-intellectualism是美国反才智主义的范例
29.avoid beingcivilized拒绝被教化
30.preserve hisinnate goodness保存自己善良的本性
31.a qualitywe reluctantlyadmire一种我们不太愿意去赞赏的资质
32.intellect isthe critical,creative,and contemplativesideofthe mind才智指的是人精神世界中批判、创造和思考的一面
33.intelligence seeks to grasp,manipulate,re-order,and adjust智力寻求的是理解、运用、整合和调节
34.while intellectexamines,ponders,wonders,theorizes,criticizes andimagines然而才智是审视、思考、形成理论、批判和想象
35.in thegrips ofpeople whoJoyfully andmilitantly proclaimtheir hostilityto intellectand theireagerness toidentify withchildren whoshow theleast intellectualpromise.掌握在这样一群人手中,“他们沾沾自喜、霸气十足地公然宣称对才智的敌意,并迫不及待地表现出对那些在才智上最没有前途的孩子们的认同【题干及选项词汇】
1.profound knowledgeoftheworld关于世界的渊博知识
2.undervalue intellect轻视才智
3.suppress nativeintelligence压抑先天智力
1.1dentical相同的
5.complementary互补的
6.an opponentof intellectualism才智主义的反对者
1.it istobepursued它应该被追求
2.it underliespower它是权力的基础
(十五)l.when itcomes tothe slowingeconomy谈及经济发展放缓
3.isn tbiting hernails justyet虽说还不至于束手无策
4.the manicuristisnt cutting,filling orpolishing asmany nailsas shedliketo美甲师所修剪、锂磨、上油的指甲没有自己期望的那样多了
5.most ofher clients她的大多数客户
6.blame thesoftening economy归咎(埋怨)疲软的经济
7.F magoodeconomic indicator我是非常棒的经济晴雨表
8.can dowithout不用也行
9.downscale降低消费档次10shop atmiddle-brow departmentstore nearher suburbanhome在郊区家附近的中档百货商店购物
10.America,s red-hot economyis cooling美国过热的经济已开始降温
11.working folks上班族
12.see signsoftheslowdown themselves看到了经济减速的现象
13.from cardealerships toGap outlets从汽车经销商到Gap折扣店
14.sales havebeen laggingfor monthsas shopperstemper theirspending销售量随着消费者的削减开支已经连续数月下降
15.for retailers,who lastyear tookin24percent of their revenuebetween Thanksgivingand Christmas对零售商而言,去年感恩节、圣诞节期间,赚取了全年收入的24%
16.the cautiousapproach iscoming atacrucialtime而现如今在这个关键时刻,它们采取了审慎的方式
17.be off7percent fromlastyear*s pace和去年同期相比已经减少了7%
1.50ound anyalarms拉响警钟
1.51eem onlymildly concerned似乎只是有一些担心
20.economy slong-term prospects经济的长远前景
21.do somemodest belt-tightening稍微缩减开支
22.despite thedreadful headlines尽管新闻头条很吓人
23.home prices are holdingsteady inmost regions.大部分地区房价保持稳定
24.a newgold rush新一轮的淘金热
25.predominantly fedby WallStreet bonuses主要是由华尔街股票红利注入
26.pricesarestill risingeven asfrenzied overbiddingquiets高价抢购现象虽已平息,房价却依旧看涨
1.1instead of20to30offers已不是20至30个报价
28.real-estate broker房产经纪人
29.many folkssee silverlinings tothis slowdown.许多人看到了经济衰退背后的希望
30.employers wouldnt minda littlefewer bubblesin thejob market.雇主们并不在意人才市场少了些泡沫
31.be influencedby stock-market swings受到股票市场波动的影响
32.view asa necessaryingredient toa sustainedboom看作持续繁荣必不可少的一个因素
33.diners mightsee anupside,too.就餐者或许也看到了好的一面
34.For that,GreenspanCo.may stillbe worthtoasting.就凭这个,或许美联储依然值得举杯【题干及选项词汇】l.carefree毫不担忧
2.real estate房地产业
3.stock exchange股票交易
4.venture investment风险投资
5.such aslowdown usuallyprecedes aboom这种滑坡之后往往是经济繁荣
6.A newboom,onthehorizon.新的繁荣即将出现
7.Tighten thebelt,the singleremedy.勒紧裤腰带是唯一的补救方法
8.Caution allright,panic not.有必要谨慎,没必要恐慌
(十六)l.over the past century在过去的一个世纪里
2.be condemnedor madeillegal一直受到谴责或被视为非法
3.but oneinsidious formcontinuestothrive:alphabetism但有一种暗中为害的形式却在继续盛行字母排序歧视
4.for thoseas yetunaware ofsuchadisadvantage又寸于9B些目前为止还没意识到这种劣势的人来说
5.refer todiscrimination againstthose whosesurnames beginwithaletter in the lowerhalf ofthe alphabet指的是对姓氏首字母位于字母表后部分人的歧视
6.when customersthumb through their phonedirectories当顾客翻阅电话簿时
7.English namesare fairlyevenly spreadbetweenthehalves ofthe alphabet.英语名字相当均匀地分布于字母表的前后两部分
8.a suspiciouslylarge number of toppeople多到令人难以置信的顶尖人物
9.start withB andC respectively分别以B和C开头
10.predecessor前任
11.evenmorestriking更令人惊讶的是
12.heads ofgovernment政府首脑
13.G7rich countries七国集团
14.alphabetically advantaged首字母排序靠前
4.anewproblem threatensto earnthem一个新的问题可能又为他们惹来
5.the sortof nastyheadlines thatinevitably lead to headsrolling in the executivesuite:data insecurity那种不可避免地使管理层受重罚的负面头条数据不安全
6.Left,until now,to odd,low-level ITstaff toput right此前,信息保护一直是由古怪而又低级的信息技术员工来负责纠正
7.be highontheboss sagenda高居各行业老板的议程表之首
8.massive leakages巨大而极具破坏力的泄漏事件
9.from organizationsas diverseas…发生于各类机构里
10.the Americandefense contractorScience ApplicationsInternational Corp美国国防项目承包商科学应用国际公司
11.have leftmanagers hurriedlypeering intotheir intricateIT systemsandbusinessprocesses insearch ofpotential vulnerabilities使得管理者们慌忙检查自身复杂精细的信息技术系统和业务流程,以寻找潜在的漏洞
12.theconcept of Generally Accepted AccountingPrinciples GAAP一般公认会计原贝UGAAP
13.perhaps it is timefor GASP,GenerallyAcceptedSecurity Practices或许现在是该制定一般公认安全原则
14.Setting the proper investmentlevel forsecurity,redundancy,and recoveryisamanagement issue,notatechnical one为数15Japanese characters日本文字
16.can thismerely becoincidence这仅仅是巧合吗?
17.dreamt upin allthe sparetime enjoyedbythealphabetically disadvantaged是那些姓氏在字母排序上处于劣势者在享受闲暇时设想出来的
18.the rotsets inearly这种歧视很早就开始了(情况很早开始出毛
1.1infant school幼儿园
1.5seat pupilsalphabetically fromthe front按姓氏字母顺序给学生排座
1.6short-sighted近视的
22.get stuckintheback row(被卡住)只能一直坐在后排
23.be rarelyasked theimproving questionsposed bythose insensitiveteachers很少被那些不敏感的老师提问具有启发性的问题
24.Yet theresult maybe worsequalifications然而其结果可能是更差的素质
25.the humiliationcontinues羞辱会一直持续的已经鼾声大作了
26.shortlists forjob interviews,election ballotpapers,lists ofconference speakersand attendees求职面试名单、投票选举名单、与会发言人和与会者名单
28.all tendtobedrawn upalphabetically往往都是按字幕先后顺序拟定的
29.their recipientslose interestas theyplough throughthem当拿到名单的人费劲地从头看到尾时,其兴趣也渐趋寥寥了【题干及选项词汇】
1.a kindof overlookedinequality一种被人们忽视的不平等现象
2.a typeof conspicuousbias一种显而易见的偏见
3.a kindof branddiscrimination一种品牌歧视
4.some formof discriminationistoosubtle torecognize.某种形式的歧视太微妙以致很难被察觉
5.alphabetically disadvantagedstudents oftenescape fromclass逃课
6.get impatient变得不耐烦了
7.be noisilydozing off大声地打起鼾来
8.feel humiliated感到很羞耻,丢脸
9.be busywith wordpuzzles忙于做字谜游戏
10.be oftenill-treated经常受到不公平待遇
11.gain agreat dealfrom alphabetism获得很多好处leadtounintentional bias导致无意识的偏见
(十七)l.late lastyear去年年底
2.stumble across/on/upon CareerBuilder无意间碰到,偶然发现
3.a jobdatabase职业数据库
4.site fs personal search agent网站的个人搜索引擎
5.an interactivefeature一个互动功能
6.key injob criteria键入参照标准
7.title职位
8.a matchingposition匹配职位
9.intellectual property知识产权lO.get hisfirst notificationofanopening收到了第一份职位空缺的通知
11.strike gold挖到金子
12.e-mail hisresume totheemployer用电邮将简历发给雇主
13.win a position asin-house counselforacompany谋到某公司内部法务顾问的职位
14.career-related sites与求职相关的网站
15.promising openings有希望的工作职位
16.time-consuming andinefficient费时彳氐效
17.reduce theneed forrepeated visitstothe databases减少了反复访问数据库的需要
18.narrow yourcriteria缩小搜索条件的范围
19.work againstyou对你产生不利影响
20.eliminate apossibility排除了一种可能性
21.start witha narrowconcept先有一个窄范围的概念
22.none ofthese programsdo that这些程序都无法做到这一点
23.there/snocareer counselingimplicit inallofthis它们都不含有固有的职业咨询服务
24.use the agent asa kindof2P serviceto keep abreast ofjobs ina particulardatabase把搜索引擎当做一种提示性服务,以便及时了解特定数据库里的相关工作信息
25.consider ita reminderto checkthedatabaseagain才巴它看作是一个提示来返回数据库查看
26.tempt jobhunters to return吸引求职者回访网站
27.send outmessages tothose whohave signedup forits service向注册用户发送信息
28.a sharpincrease intraffic网站访问量急剧上升
29.vice presidentof marketingfor CareerSite求职网的营销部副总裁
30.keepaclose watchonthedemand fortheir lineofwork密切关注职业市场对于自己行业的需求情况
31.gather informationon compensationto armthemselves whennegotiating fora raise收集有关薪酬待遇的信息以备加薪升职谈判时用
32.you alwayskeep youreyes open你要时亥U留意
33.have anothersetofeyes lookingout foryou多了——双眼睛在关照自己【题干及选项词汇】l.advisory报告,公告
2.compensation补偿
3.interaction互动
4.reminder提示
5.personalsearchagents areindispensable tojob-hunters个人搜索引擎对于找工作的人来说是必需的
6.some siteskeep E-mailing jobseekers totrace theirdemands一些网站不断给求职者电邮追查他们的需求
(十八)l.It issaid thatin Englanddeath ispressing据说死亡在英国是难以抗拒的
2.it sno/small/little wonder并不奇怪,不足为奇
3.life expectancy寿命
4.failing hips靛骨出毛病
5.clinical depressioncontrolled临床抑郁症可以控制
6.cataracts removedina30-minute surgicalprocedure白内障用30分钟外科手术便可移除
7.the agingpopulation老龄人口
8.enter medicine进入医疗行业
9.health-care system医疗体系lO.our failureto confrontthat realitynow threatensthis greatnessof ours我们未能正视这一现实正危及着我们医疗体系的伟大ll.we aregenetically programmedto disintegrateand perish,even underideal conditions基因决定我们即使在最理想的环境里也必将会衰老和死亡
12.shielded bythird-party payersfromthecost ofour care受到第三方付款人的保护免交医疗护理费用13Jate-stage cancercare癌症晚期的护理
14.frustrated bytheir inabilityto curethe disease由于不能治愈这种疾病而感到沮丧
15.too oftenoffer aggressivetreatment farbeyond whatis scientificallyjustified常常采用极端大胆的治疗方法,远远超出了科学能够认同的界限
16.anyone cansee thistrend isunsustainable.任何人者B明白这个趋势不可持续
17.trytoreverse it试图去扭转它
18.a governmentwith finiteresources一个财力有限的政府
19.be quotedas sayingthatthe old andinfirm havea dutytodieandgetoutoftheway,话被引用,年老体弱者有义务死去和让位〃
20.realize theirpotential实现他们的潜能
1.11wouldnotgo thatfar.我不会如止匕极端
22.energetic people now routinelywork throughtheir60sandbeyond精力充沛的人通常能工作到60多岁甚至更久
23.remain dazzlinglyproductive仍然保持惊人的创造力
24.former surgeongeneral前卫生部长
25.chair anInternet start-up担任新兴网络公司总裁
26.living proofthat preventionworks活生生的证据,证明对疾病的防治是有效的
27.manage thehealth problemsthatcomenaturally withage应对随着年龄自然而来的健康问题
28.asamere68-year-old作为一名年仅68岁的人
29.Yet thereare limitsto whatasocietycan spendin thispursuit.然而在这样的追求中,一个社会能够承担的费用是有限的
30.the mostcostly anddramatic measures最昂贵和最激进的手段
31.we maybe overfundingthequest for unlikelycures whileunderfunding researchon humblertherapies thatcould improvepeople1s lives.我们可能在寻求不可能的治疗方法上花钱太多,而在研究能提高人们生活质量的更平常方法上花钱太少【题干及选项词汇】
1.takeavain prideintheirlong lifeexpectancy对其长寿盲目骄傲
2.doctors arehelpless againstfatal diseases医生对致命疾病束手无策
3.reserved consent有保留的赞同
4.slight contempt稍有蔑视
5.more extravagantly更奢侈
6.more cautiously更谨慎
7.excessive demandsincrease thecost ofhealth care过分的要求增加了医疗保健的花费
(十九)
1.combine witheach other彼止匕合并
2.merge intosupersystems兼并成超级体系
8.cause heightenedconcerns aboutmonopoly弓I起又寸垄断的极大(力口强的)关切
9.account forunder70percent ofthe totalton-miles movedby rails占整个吨英里铁路运营量的70%不到10afteraseries of mergers iscompleted一系列兼并活动完成之后11control wellover90percent ofallthefreight movedby majorrail carriers掌控远超90%的主要铁路公司总货运业务12allow forsubstantial costreductions andbetter coordinatedservice有利于大幅度的成本降低和更加协调的服务13many shippers许多托运商14heavy bulkcommodities大宗(大批)货物
15.have thembythethroat扼住他们的咽喉
16.the vastconsolidation withinthe railindustry铁路运输行业内的大规模合并
17.charge suchcaptive shippers对这些“受垄断的托运商收费
18.be overcharged被索价过高
19.appeal tothe federalgovernment,s SurfaceTransportation Boardfor raterelief上诉到联邦政府的〃地面运输委员会〃要求减免费率
20.time-consuming旷日持久的
21.work onlyin trulyextreme cases只有在极端特殊的情况下才有效
22.justify ratediscrimination againstcaptive shippersonthegrounds that...对被控制运托商实行费率歧视”提供的理由是(辩解)…
1.1inthelong run从长远看
1.5shoulder thecost ofkeeping up the line承担铁路运营的成本费用
1.6It z satheory towhich manyeconomists subscribe这正是许多经济学家支持的理论21Jeave railroadsintheposition ofdetermining whichcompanies willflourish andwhich willfail使得铁路公司处于有权决定哪家公司赢利哪家公司亏损的地位
22.be thearbiters成为仲裁者
23.be hitwitharound ofhuge rateincreases遭受一轮费率大幅上涨的打击
24.brightening fortunes前景大好
25.cover thecostof支付成本
26.surging traffic不断增长的运输
27.cheer themon为他们加油据)安全、冗余以及恢复设立恰当的投资标准是个管理问题,而不是技术问题
15.the mysteryis thatthis shouldcome asa surpriseto anyboss难以理解的是,这竟然令所有的老板们都大吃一惊
16.surely itshould beobvious tothe dimmestexecutive thattrust,that mostvaluable ofeconomic assets可以肯定的是,即使是最愚笨的管理人员也应该会清楚地知道,信任是经济资产中最有价值的东西
17.get intothe wronghands落入别有用心的人手中
18.the currentstate ofaffairs当前事态
19.bythelack oflegal penaltyfor dataleakage缺乏对数据泄露的法律惩罚(制裁)
20.passed alaw通过一项法案
21.go astray丢失,被盗
22.lots ofproposed data-security legislationisnowdoing therounds inWashington,D.C.大量有关数据安全的立法提案正在国会接受逐一审理(为寻求政治支持而拜访一一直处于审议过程中)
23.disclose披露
23.overshadowed ahugely importantdecision aday earlierby America7s FederalTrade Commission(FTC)使得美国联邦贸易委员会最近做出的一个非常重要的决定颜面尽失
25.put corporateAmerica onnotice thatregulators willact if
28.net railwayoperating income运营纯收入
29.less thanhalfofthe carryingcosts ofthe transaction不足这宗交易的运作成本的一半3O.pay forthe bill支付账单
31.increase theirgrip onthe market对市场控制力的加强【题干及选项词汇】l.be unlikely不可能
2.services callfor cross-trade coordination服务需要跨行业间的协调
3.indignant愤怒的
4.apprehensive忧虑
5.without arival railroad如果没有其他铁路公司竞争
6.overcharged shippersare unlikelyto appealfor raterelief被索价过高的运营商不大可能为减少费率而申诉
7.a governmentboard ensuresfair playin railwaybusiness政府部门保证铁路行业的公平竞争
8.who workas coordinators起协调者作用的人
9.who functionas judges起判定者作用的人
10.who supervisetransactions监督交易的人
11.the continuingacquisition持续的收购
12.the growingtraffic不断增长的运输量
13.the cheeringWallStreet欢呼的华尔街-+
1.to paraphrase...解释一下.・・
2.allthat is neededforthetriumph ofa misguidedcause isthat goodpeople do nothing一个误入歧途的事业如果要成功,所需要的就是好人袖手旁观
3.seek toend biomedicalresearch试图终止生物医学研究
4.have rightsruling outtheir usein research有权禁止自己被用于实验
5.animal rightsadvocates动物权利鼓吹者
6.thereby threateningadvances inhealth knowledgeand care从而威胁到医疗知识和保健的进步
7.health careresearch医疗研究
8.hearing allegationsof crueltyto animalsin researchsettings当人们听到研究场所中残忍地对待动物的指控时
9.many areperplexed that...许多人都不明白.・・
10.staffing ananimal rightsbooth在动物权利宣传站工作
11.atarecent streetfair在最近的一次街头集市(展览会)上
12.distribute abrochure散发小册子
13.asked ifshe opposedimmunizations当被问到是否反对接种疫苗时
14.want toknow ifvaccines come from animal research想知道疫苗是否来自动物实验
15.asked what will happenwhen epidemicsreturn当被问至U传染病重新爆发怎么办时
16.such well-meaning peoplejust dont understand.这样好/匕的人就是不了解情况
17.communicate theirmessage tothe publicinacompassionate,understandable way用一种富于同情心和易于理解的方式把他们的信息传达给公众
1.1inthelanguage ofmolecular biology分子生物学的术语
19.make clearthe connectionbetween...说明..・之间的联系
20.hip replacement髓骨更换
21.bypass operation心脏搭桥
22.a babys vaccinations婴儿的免疫接种
23.a pets shots宠物的防疫注射
24.seem wastefulat bestand cruelat worst说得好听一点是浪费,说得难听一点是残忍
25.“adopt middleschool classesand presenttheir ownresearch〃选定〃中学课堂介绍他们的研究
26.lest animalrights misinformationgo unchallenged以免动物权利误导言论在毫无置疑的情况下横行
27.acquire adeceptive appearanceof truth获得一副真理的假面
28.the ultimatestakeholders arepatients最有利益关系的人是病
29.recruit toits cause努力争取到这项事业
30.well-known personalities矢口名人土
31.made courageousstatements about...大月旦陈述
32.an uninformedcitizenry willextinguish theprecious embersof medicalprogress.群不明真相的公众真的有可能扑灭医学进步的宝贵火种【题干及选项词汇】
1.call onscientists totake someactions呼吁科学家采取行动
2.warn ofthe doomof biomedicalresearch预警生物医学研究的厄运
3.inhuman andunacceptable不人道且不可接受的
1.1nevitable butvicious不可避免但不道德的(恶毒的)
5.pointless andwasteful无意义且浪费的
6.discontent withanimalresearch对动物研究的不满
7.ignorance aboutmedical science对医学科学的无知
8.1ndifference toepidemics对传染病漠不关心
9.employ hi-tech meansin research在研究中采用高科技手段lO.feel noshame fortheir cause无需对他们的事业感到羞耻ll.strive todevelop newcures努力开发新的治疗方法
12.a well-known humanist一位著名的人道主义者
13.a medicalpractitioner一位医疗从业者
(二十一)l.spymasteH同谍大师
2.build theOffice ofStrategic Services建立美国战略情报局
3.laytheroots forthe CIA为中央情报局打下根基
4.be fascinatedwith information非常着迷于情报
5.use whatevertools cameto handinthegreat game”of espionage—spying asa profession.在谍报作为职业的“绝妙游戏〃中可以使用手头可用的任何工具
6.re-made sucheveryday pastimesas...重建了像...这样的日常消遣方式
7.reshaping...vocation aswell也正重塑..・曾经从事的职业
8.the latestrevolution最新变革
9.give birthtoawhole industryof point-and-click spying催生了点击谍报这一完整产业
10.The spookscall itopen-source intelligence,间谍称之为开源情报〃
11.become increasinglyinfluential影响力日益增强
12.hold acontest tosee who could compilethe mostdata aboutBurundi举办一次竞赛,看谁能收集到关于…的最多信息
13.byawide/large/narrow margin以较大的优势
14.a tinycompany calledOpen SourceSolutions一家名为“开源解决方案〃的小公司
15.whose clearadvantage wasits masteryoftheelectronic world其明显优势在于对网络世界(电子领域)的精通
16.make thebiggest splash最引起轰动(撒泼)
17.a privateintelligence-analysis firm—家私营情才艮分析公司
18.many ofits predictions许多其分析预测
19.a kindof mutuallyreinforcing toolfor bothinformation collectionand distributiorr情报收集和情报发布两方面相互增强的工具
20.be busyvacuuming updata bitsfromthefar cornersoftheworld忙于从世界偏僻角落收集零散信息
21.as soonas thatreport runs一旦报道发布
22.get500new Internetsign-ups得至I」500个新登陆用户
23.a formerpolitical scienceprofessor前政治科学教授
24.earns itskeep谋生
25.rely ona leanstaff of20依赖区区20名精干雇员(精简工作队伍)
26.have military-intelligence backgrounds有军事情报工作背景
27.outsider status局外人地位
28.back-and-forthing闪烁其词
29.whereby agenciesavoid dramaticdeclarations政府机构以止匕避免惹人注目的言论
30.onthechance of以防【题干及选项词汇】
1.remold theintelligence services重塑情报收集工作
2.revive spyingasaprofession复兴了谍报这个职业
1.1ntroduce thetopic ofonline spying引入网上谍报这个话题
1.5how howhe fightfortheU.S.展示他如何为美国效力
5.give anepisode ofthe informationwar提供信息战争的一个片段
6.honor hisunique servicestotheCIA表彰他为中情局所做的独特贡献
7.exert thegreatest effort做出最大的努力
8.enjoy thewidest popularity受到最广泛的欢迎
9.Straitford sbusiness is characterized byunpredictability其业务是不可预测的lO.provide fairlyreliable information提供相当可靠的情报ll.official status官方地位
12.nonconformist image不随大流的形象
(二十二)
1.The SupremeCourt1s decisionson physician-assisted suicide最高法院就医助自杀问题的裁决
2.carry importantimplications for...对…具有重大影响
3.how medicineseekstorelieve dyingpatients ofpain andsuffering医学如何致力于减轻临终病人的痛苦与折磨
1.1t ruledthat...法院裁决…
5.constitutional right宪法赋予的权利
6.the Courtin effectsupported themedical principleof doubleeffect最高法院实际上认可了双效〃医疗原则
7.hold that认为…
8.agoodone thatis intendedandaharmful onethatisforeseen希望达到的好效果和可以预见的坏效果
9.permissible允许的
10.high dosesof morphine高剂量吗啡
11.control terminallyillpatients1pain抑制晚期病人痛苦
1.1increasing dosages不断增加的剂量
13.contend that断言,认为
14.shield doctors保护医生
15.give patientssufficient mediationto controltheir painif thatmight hastendeath给病人开足够的药给他们止痛,在大剂量药物可能加速病人死亡的情况下
16.prescribe adrug fora legitimatemedical purpose开药是出于正当的医疗目的
17.itslike surgery这就像做手术
18.call thosedeaths homicides称那些死亡为谋杀
19.inthemedical community在医学界
20.the assisted-suicide debatehasbeenfueled inpart bythe despairof patients致使医助自杀这场争论升温的部分原因是病人们的绝望情绪
21.prolong thephysical agonyof dying延长了他们临终时肉体的痛苦
22.release atwo-volume report,Approaching86仍发布了一份两卷的报告《临近死亡》
23.identify theundertreatment ofpain...as...指明了对疼痛处理不力
24.the aggressiveuseofIneffectual andforced medicalprocedures thatmay prolongand evendishonor theperiodofdying极端大胆采用无效而强制性的医疗手术〃(手术)可能会延长死亡期,甚至会让病人死得不体面
25.as thetwin problemsof end-of-life care临终护理中并存的两大问题
26.train inhospices到临终安养院(护理所)接受培训I
27.aggressive painmanagement therapy大胆镇痛疗法
28.develop aMedicare billingcode forhospital-based care制定基于医院护理的医疗报账法规
29.assess andtreat painattheendof life评估和治疗病人临终的痛苦
30.play akey role起到关键作用
31.well-meaning medicalinitiatives translateinto bettercare善意的医疗动机转化为更好的护理
32.seem unconcernedwiththepain their patients areneedlessly andpredictably suffering对病人遭受不必要的,firms failto provideadequate datasecurity该决议警告美国商界,如果公司不能充分保障数据安全,那么监管机构就会采取措施【题干及选项词汇】
1.the feebleboss-board relations老板和董事会之间脆弱的关系
2.the severityof dataleakage数据泄露的严重性
3.weak point缺陷
4.how thepotential spiescanbelocated如何发现间谍嫌疑人
1.1n bringinguptheconceptofGASP theauthor ismaking thepoint that…作者提出GASP这一概念意在说明
1.5hareholders interestsshould beproperly attendedto股东的利益应该得到适当的维护
1.6nformation protectionshould begiven dueattention信息保护问题应该受到足够的重视
8.perceive thesensitivity ofpersonal data意识到个人数据的敏感性
9.realize thehigh costofdatarestoration意识到恢复数据需付出的高昂代价可预见的痛苦似乎无动于衷
33.totheextent thatit constitutessystematic patientabuse甚至构成蓄意虐待病人”
34.medical licensingboards行医执照委员会
35.painful deathsare presumptivelyones that are incompetentlymanaged病人的痛苦死亡推定是由于医生处理不力所致
36.license suspension吊销医生行医执照【题干及选项词汇】
1.doctors usedto increasedrug dosagesto controltheirpatients,pain医生过去常常增加药物剂量来控制病人的疼痛
2.willbeheld guilty将被认为有罪
3.assist terminallyillpatientsin painlessrecovery帮助晚期病人进行无痛康复
4.canbeprescribed可被(当做处方)开
5.prolonged medicalprocedures延长的医疗过程
6.systematic drugabuse蓄意滥用药物
7.bold大胆的(冒失的,失慎的)
8.desperate不顾一切的
(二十三)
1.Could thebad olddaysofeconomic declinebe abouttoreturn过去那些经济衰退的悲惨日子是否即将重现?
2.supply-cuts削减供应,削减产量
3.the priceof crudeoil原油价格
4.barrel桶
5.This near-tripling ofoil pricescalls upscary memoriesofthe1973oil shock,when pricesquadrupled,油价涨至原来的近三倍勾起了人们对1973年石油危机可怕的回忆当时的油价翻了两番(四部分的,四倍的)
6.Both previousshocks resultedin double-digit inflationand globaleconomic decline.前两次油价冲击均导致了两位数的通货膨胀率并引发了全球性的经济衰退
7.the headlineswarning ofgloom anddoom警告人们厄运来临的头版新闻(厄运,对未来的悲观失望)
8.The oil price wasgiven anotherpush upthis weekwhen Iraqsuspended oilexports.本周伊拉克暂停石油出口使油价又一次被推高
9.winter gripsthe northernhemisphere北半球冬季的来袭lO.intheshort term短期内
11.Yet therearegoodreasons toexpect theeconomic consequencesnow tobe lesssevere than inthe1970s.然而,我们有充分的理由预期这次油价上涨所带来的经济影响不会像20世纪70年代那么严重((天气)恶劣的,极端的)
12.petrol汽油
13.retail price零售价
14.so evenquite bigchanges inthe priceof crudehaveamore mutedeffect onpump pricesthaninthepast.因此即使原油价格发生很大波动,汽油价格所受的影响也不会像过去那么显著(非公开或非强烈表达的,暗中的)(泵指代”汽油〃,出泵价格))
15.less sensitiveto swingsintheoilprice对油价的波动也不那么敏感了
16.energy conservation能源保护
17.energy-intensive industries能源密集型重工业
18.consultancy咨询
19.in itslatest EconomicOutlook-期经济展望中
20.oil-importing emergingeconomies进口石油的新兴经济体
21.bemoreseriously squeezed遭受更严重的打击(压,挤,紧缩,使……经济拮据)
22.One morereason notto losesleep overtherisein oilprices isthat,无需为油价上涨失眠的另外一个原因是
1.1it hasnot occurredagainst thebackground ofgeneral commodity-price inflationand globalexcess demand这次油价上升并没有发生在普遍物价上涨及全球需求过量的背景之下
24.A sizableportion oftheworld is onlyjust emergingfrom economicdecline.世界上很多地区才刚刚摆脱经济衰退
25.TheEconomist7s commodityprice index《经济学家》的商品价格指数【题干及选项词汇】
1.reduction insupply石油供应量减少
1.oil-price shocksare lessshocking now如今的油价冲击并不可怕
3.the priceriseofcrude leadstotheshrinking ofheavy industry原油价格上涨导致重工业的萎缩
4.gloomy忧郁
(二十四)l.sincethedawn ofhuman ingenuity从初具仓[]造力时起
2.devise evermore cunningtools tocopewithworkthatis dangerous,boring,burdensome,or justplain nasty设计日益灵巧的工具来处理那些危险、枯燥、繁重或只是令人不快的工作(极差的、令人厌恶的)
3.That compulsionhas resultedin robotics--the scienceof conferringvarious humancapabilities onmachines.这种欲望导致了机器人学(将人的各种技能赋予机器的科学)的诞生
4.create themechanical versionofsciencefiction实现科幻/」\说的机械版
5.begin to come close开始接近目标
6.the modernworldisincreasingly populatedby intelligentgizmos智能装置日益遍布现代社会
7.remove muchhuman labor解放了大量人类劳动力
8.0ur factorieshum tothe rhythmof robotassembly arms.我们工厂里轰鸣着机器人组装臂
9.automated tellerterminals自动柜员机终端设备
10.tireless robot-drivers不知疲倦的机器人司机
11.thanks tothe continualminiaturization ofelectronics andmicro-mechanics由于(多亏了)电子元件和微机设备的不断微型化
12.with submillimeteraccuracy精确性达到亚毫米
13.reach thenext stageof laborsavingutility更深入地实现节省劳力的效用
14.operate withless human supervision在更少的人工监控下运行
15.pose areal challenge引起一项真正的挑战
16.handle aspecific error处理某个特定的错误
17.reliably interact withadynamic world与不断变化的世界进行可靠的互动
1.11ndeed thequestfortrue artificialintelligence hasproduced verymixed results.实际上对真正人工智能的探索已经产生了喜忧参半的结果
19.a spellof initialoptimism一段最初的乐观时期
20.transistor circuitsand microprocessors晶体管电路和微处理器
21.extend thatforecast bydecades ifnot centuries将这个预测延后数十年,甚至数百年
1.1in attemptingto modelthought在试图模拟人类思维的过程中
23.nerve cells神经细胞
24.much moretalented更聪明
25.robots thatcan recognizethe errorofamachine panelbyafraction ofa millimeter能够识别仪器板上若干分之一毫米差错的机器人(一小部分)
26.But thehuman mindcan glimpsea rapidlychanging sceneand immediatelydisregard the98percent thatis irrelevant,instantaneously focusingonthemonkey atthe sideofawinding forestroad orthe singlesuspicious faceinabig crowd.但是人脑只要瞥一眼快速变化的场景,就能迅速排除98%的不相干信息一立即聚焦于蜿蜒的森林小路边的一只猴子,或者一大群人中的一张可疑面孔上
27.the mostadvanced computersystems onEarth世界最先进的计算机系统
28.neuroscientist神经学家【题干及选项词汇】l.manufacturing industry制造业29the elite7s cunningtackling ofdangerous andboring work精英们对危险和乏味的工作的巧妙处理30programs程序31creatures生物
1.1nteractwithhuman beingsverbally与人进彳亍口头交流
6.be expectedto copyhuman brainin internalstructure有望复制人脑的内部结构
7.be ableto perceiveabnormalities immediately能够立刻感知异常现象
(二十五)
1.how toidentify sharedexperiences andproblems如彳可识另U与听众共有的经历和问题
2.be relevanttotheaudience与听众相关
3.beinsympathy withtheir pointof view(支持)赞同他们的观点
4.Depending onwhom youare addressing,the problemswillbedifferent.根据谈话对象的不同,问题也有所不同
5.refer tothe disorganizedmethods of their secretaries谈及其秘书们缺乏条理的工作方式
6.alternatively反之
7.hear ata nursesconvention在一次护士大会上
8.workwell效果好
9.be shownaround bySt.Peter由圣•彼得带着四处参观
10.be pushedaside by...被…推到一边ll.stomps overtoatable byhimself(用力跺脚、重踩)噎噎地走向餐桌,独占一桌
12.beinapositionto to有资格、有能力、有条件做某事
13.make apassing remarkabout theinedible canteenfood orthe chairman/s notoriousbad tastein ties对食堂及其难吃的食物或者领导在选择领带方面差劲的品味顺便开个玩笑(顺便提及)
14.you mustnftattempt tocut inwith humor•你千万不要试图插入这类幽默
15.resent anoutsider makingdisparaging remarksabout...反感一个局外人对…发表蔑视性评论
16.beonsafer ground处于安全境地
17.stick toscapegoats likethe PostOffice orthe telephonesystem选择去调侃邮局或者电信系统这样的替罪羊〃
18.feel awkwardbeing humorous表现幽默时感到很别扭
19.apparently off-the-cuff remarks貌似即兴的话语
20.deliver ina relaxedand unforcedmanner用轻松的、自然的方式把它们说出来
21.a raisedeyebrow扬眉
22.make alight-hearted remark做轻松的评论
23.a twistonafamiliar quote对人们熟知的弓I语加以曲解
24.play onwords oronasituation拿辞藻或场景做文章(玩弄辞藻或对场景打趣开玩笑)
25.search forexaggeration andunderstatements寻求夸大其词或轻描淡写
26.pick outa fewwordsorsentences whichyou canturn about and injectwith humor挑出你能做文章(玩转)的几个词或句,注入幽默【题干及选项词汇】l.show sympathyfor yourlisteners向你的听众表示同情
2.be veryconscious oftheir godlikerole非常清楚自己上帝般的角色
3.be entitledtosomeprivileges享有某些特权
4.have oftenbeen thelaughing stock经常被人当做笑料
5.in well-worded language话语措辞得当
6.as awkwardlyas possible尽可能笨拙
7.in exaggeratedstatements夸张陈述
8.as casuallyas possible尽可能自然
(二十六)l.quit myfull time employment辞去全职工作
2.it neveroccurred tome that...我从未想到・・・
3.a lateralmove thathurt mypride andblocked myprofessional progress一次伤害我自尊、阻断我事业发展的平级人事调动4abandon myrelatively highprofile career放弃我那份相对备受瞩目(体面)的职业
1.1nthemanner ofa disgracedgovernment minister以——种失势政府大臣的方式
6.cover myexit byclaiming...通过宣称…掩饰我辞职的原因
7.downshifting放慢生活节奏(减低汽车的档)
8.turn mytired excuseinto anabsolute reality把我那老掉牙的借口变成了绝对的现实
10.叩predate theeconomic valueof trust意识到信任的经济价值
11.take thelead insecurity legislation率先制定安全法规
12.legal penalty法律制裁
(三)
1.duringthepast generation在过去的一代
2.the Americanmiddle-classfamily美国中产阶级家庭
3.that oncecould counton hardwork andfair playto keepitself financiallysecure原本依靠努力工作和公平竞争便能保持自身经济稳定
4.a pinkslip一张粉色小纸条(解雇通知书)
5.a baddiagnosis一个恶性诊断结果
6.a disappearingspouse离散的配偶
7.can reducea familyfrom solidlymiddleclassto newlypoor inafewmonths都可以使一个家庭从殷实的中产阶级在几个月内沦为新贫阶层
8.transform basicfamily economics改变了基本的家庭经济(模式)
9.critics ofall stripes各路(各种各样的)评论家
10.debate thesocial implicationsofthesechanges讨论这些变化的社会意义
11.today sfamilies havebudgeted tothe limitsoftheirnew
9.a passionateadvocate ofthe philosophyofhavingit all”—个“拥有一切哲学的热情倡导者
10.preached by...被・・・宣扬
11.a womanwho ishappy tosettle fora bitof everything一个很容易心满意足的女人
1.11have discovered,as perhapsKelsey willafter hermuch-publicized resignationfromtheeditorship of5778afterabuild-up ofstress,that abandoningthe doctrineof jugglingyour life/7and makingthe alternativemove intodownshifting“brings withit fargreater rewardsthan financialsuccess andsocial status.我已经意识到,放弃‘忙忙碌碌的生活〃教条,转而选择〃放慢生活节奏”这一非传统做法所带来的回报,远远超过财务上的成功和社会地位,这一点,凯尔茜在因累积的重负而做出引发外界广泛关注之举——辞去《她》杂志编辑一职一一之后可能也会领悟
13.the fearfulstrain ofoffice politics因为办公室政治无比紧张
14.the limitationsof beinga parenton“quality time”和孩^—起享受“黄金时光”都要受限(品质时间)
15.the moveawayfromjuggling toa simpler,less materialisticlifestyle isa well-established trend,摆脱忙碌,转向一种更简朴、不那么物质化的生活方式已成明确趋势
16.voluntary simplicity”自愿简朴(简单化)
17.even breedanewarea ofwhat mightbe termedanti-consumerism甚至孕育了一个可称之为反消费主义”的崭新领域
18.self-help books自助书籍
19.newsletters,such asThe TightwadGazette像《守财奴简报》这样的简讯
20.give usefultips onanything fromrecycling theircling-film tomaking theirown soap提供包罗万象的实用小窍门,从重复利用保鲜膜到自己制造肥皂
21.achieve themid-90s equivalentof droppingout按90年代中期去实现遁世生活〃(退出传统、世俗社会)
22.the massredundancies causedby downsizing经济规模缩小所引起的大量裁员
23.the politicsof thrift节俭的政治思想
24.be urgedto keepjuggling throughthe80s在整个80年代都被鼓励过忙碌生活
25.a search forthemythical goodlife为了寻求神话般的美好生活
26.grow yourown organicvegetables种植自己的有机蔬菜
27.a personalrecognition ofyour limitations认识到了自身的局限【题干及选项词汇】l.step outof full-timeemployment退出全职工作
2.help hermold anew philosophyoflife帮助她形成了一种新的生活哲学3Jead herto acceptthe doctrineof Shemagazine使他接受了《她》杂志的信条
4.a bitof everything容易满足
5.manssearchformythical experiences人们对神话般生活体验的追求
(二十七)
1.The worldis goingthroughthebiggest waveofmergersand acquisitionsever witnessed.世界正在经历一场有史以来最大的并购浪潮
2.The processsweeps fromhyperactive Americato Europeand reachesthe emergingcountries withunsurpassed might这月殳浪潮源于异常活跃的美国,横扫欧洲并波及新兴国家,威力无可比拟
3.look atthis process关注着这一进程
4.Won tthe waveofbusinessconcentration turninto anuncontrollable anti-competitive force这种企业合并的浪潮难道不会演变成一种无法控制的反竞争力量吗?
5.multinational corporation跨国公司
6.1nternational affiliatesaccount fora fast-growing segmentof productionin economiesthat open up andwelcome foreigninvestment.国际子公司在那些对外开放并欢迎外资的经济体中所占产量份额快速增长
7.This phenomenonhas createdserious concernsovertherole ofsmaller economicfirms,of nationalbusinessmen andovertheultimate stabilityoftheworld economy.这种现象使人们极为担忧小型赢利企业、民族商人的作用,以及世界经济的根本稳定(终极的、根本的)
8.underlie theglobalization process(构成)推动全球化进程的力量
9.falling transportationand communicationcosts运输与通讯成本的降低
10.lower tradeand investmentbarriers贸易与投资壁垒的减少ll.AII theseare beneficial,not detrimental,to consumers.所有这些对消费者来说是有益而不是有害的
11.scanty缺乏的、不足的
13.warn againstthe megamergersinthebanking industry对银行业的大型兼并发出了警告
14.Who isgoingtosupervise,regulate andoperate aslender oflast resortwiththegigantic banksthatarebeing created谁来充当最后贷款人,监督、规范和运营正在出现的特大银行?
15.infringements tofair competition违反公平竞争的彳亍为
16.take uponitself theroleofdefending competition”擅自担起保护竞争”的职责【题干及选项词汇】
1.a surplussupply forthe market市场的供给过剩
2.the StandardOil Trustmight havethreatened competition标准石油托拉斯可能对竞争形成威胁二十八l.distrust不信任,怀疑
3.The organizationis deepintoalong self-analysis knownasthejournalism credibilityproject.该协会正深入进行一项长期的自我剖析运动,名为新闻可信度〃调查
4.sad tosay遗憾的是
5.low-level findings低级发现
5.factual errors事实错误
6.head-scratching puzzlement令人费解的困惑
7.what intheworldthose readersreally want那些读者到底真正想要什么
7.But thesourcesofdistrust goway deeper.但这种对报刊的不信任有更深刻的根源
8.seetheworld througha setof standardtemplates patternsinto whichthey plugeach dayzsevents用一套标准模式去看待世界,并把每天发生的事件套入这一模式
10.there isa conventionalstory lineinthenewsroom culturethat providesa backboneandaready-made narrativestructure forotherwise confusingnews.在新闻采编室文化中存在着一种惯用的故事套路,为原本纷繁复杂的新闻内容提供了一个主干框架和一个现成的叙事结构
11.There existsa socialand culturaldisconnect betweenjournalists andtheir readers.新闻记者和读者之间存有社会和文化方面的脱节
12.seem alientomanyreaders对众多读者来说似乎很陌生
13.plus onelarge metropolitanarea及一个大者B市
14.live inupscale neighborhoods,have maids,own Mercedeses,and tradestocks居住于高档社区、雇女佣、开奔驰、炒股票
15.gotochurch做礼拜
16.put downroots ina community扎根于某个社区
17.reporters tendtobepartofa broadlydefined socialand culturalelite记者们往往属于广义的社会文化精英
18.reflect theconventional valuesofthiselite反映这一精英群体的传统价值观
19.inthedaily clashof worldviews betweenreporters andtheir readers记者与读者的世界观每天都发生着碰撞2O.an explosivesituation一触即发的形势
21.keep hiringemployees whoseattitudes vastlyannoy thecustomers不断、继续雇佣那些态度极大惹恼客户的员工
22.sponsor lotsof symposiums主办了许多研讨会
23.flee inlarge numbers大量流失
24.get aroundto noticingthe culturaland classbiases抽出时间来注意文化与社会等级偏见
25.openupits diversityprogram开设多样化栏目
26.look forreporters whodiffer broadlyby outlook,values,education,and class雇用那些世界观、价值观、教育水平和社会阶层完全不同的记者【题干及选项词汇】
1.quite trustworthy非常可信
2.somewhat contradictory有点矛盾
3.very illuminatingD颇具启发性
4.rather superficial相当肤浅
5.world outlook世界观
6.tendency tohire annoyingreporters往往雇用令人厌烦的记者
7.likeliness todo inaccuratereportingA可能做出失实报道
8.in mattersof raceand gender在种族与性别方面二十九
1.A greatdeal ofattention isbeing paidtoday totheso-called digital divide--thedivisionoftheworld intotheinfoinformation richandtheinfo poor.如今,人们正高度关注被称为“数字鸿沟”的现象——世界被分为信息资源丰富区和信息资源贫乏区
2.this loomingdanger这一迫近的危险
3.what wasless visiblethen,however,werethenew,positive forcesthat workagainstthedigitaldivide抵制数字鸿沟的新现的、积极的因素在当时尚不明显
4.As theInternet becomesmoreandmore commercialized,itisintheinterest ofbusiness touniversalize access随着互联网的日趋商业化,普及上网对商家是有利的
5.be leftbehind落伍
6.be nettedtogether被网络连接在一起
1.1ntheyearsahead在未来数年中
8.has enormouspotential蕴含巨大潜能
9.some impoverishedcountries willhave toget overtheir outdatedanti-colonial prejudiceswith respectto foreigninvestment某些贫苦国家必须克服对外国投资所持的过时的反殖民主义偏见(赤贫的,贫乏的,贫瘠的)
10.think foreigninvestment isan invasionoftheirsovereignty认为外国投资侵犯其主权
11.America,s SecondWave infrastructure美国第二次基础设施建设浪潮
12.harbor港口
13.port码头
14.the Dutch荷兰人
15.Britain7s formercolony前英国殖民地
16.for thatmatter就it匕而言
17.the betteroff youre goingtobe你的(经济)情况也就会越好(情况较好)
18.That doesn,tmeanlying downand becomingfooled,or lettingforeign corporationsrun uncontrolled.这并不意味着卑躬屈膝、任人愚弄,也不是对外国公司不加控制(认输,屈服)
19.industrial/the energyand telecominfrastructures工业/能源和电信基础设施【题干及选项词汇】19something theworld mustguard against全世界应该警惕的
2.can soonwipe outworld poverty能很快消除世界贫困
(三十)l.Specialization canbe seenasaresponsetothe problemofan increasing accumulationof scientificknowledge.专业化可视为对科学知识日益累积”这一问题的反应
2.By splittingupthesubject matterinto smallerunits,one mancould continue to handlethe informationand useit asthe basisforfurtherresearch.通过将主要内容分成更小的单位,人们能够继续处理这些信息并将其作为更深入研究的基础
3.the growingprofessionalisation ofscientific activity.科研活动的日益职业化
4.No clear-cut distinctioncanbedrawn betweenprofessionals andamateurs inscience:exceptions canbe foundto anyrule.在科学领域内,专职人员与业余人员之间根本不可能被明确区分任何规则都有其例外
5.Nevertheless,the word“amateur doescarry aconnotation thatthe personconcerned isnot fullyintegrated intothe scientificcommunity and,inparticular,may notfully shareits values.不过,业余者”这个词的确带有这样的含义所指人员并没有完全融入科学界,尤其是,可能和科学界的标准不一致
6.with itsconsequent requirementofalonger,more complextraining以及随之而来的对功11练的长期性和复杂性的要求two-paycheck status如今家庭的开支已达到这种新双薪状态的极限
12.losetheparachute theyonce hadin timesoffinancialsetback失去了经济受挫时期曾经拥有的“降落伞〃
13.a back-up earnerwhocouldgo intothe workforceif theprimary earnergot laidoff orfell sick一个在家庭经济支柱失业或生病时可以走进职场的候补赚钱者
14.This/J added-worker effect“could supportthe safetynet offeredby unemploymentinsurance ordisabilityinsuranceto helpfamilies weatherbad times.这种附加劳动者效应能够增强失业失业保险或伤残保险所提供的安全保障网
15.a disruptionto familyfortunes canno longerbe madeupwithextra incomefromanotherwise-stay-at-home partner家庭时运遭到的破坏再也不能通过原本赋闲在家的另一半获得的额外收入得以弥补
16.retirement income退休工资
17.Steelworkers钢铁工人
1.1interestrates利率
1.5stock marketfluctuation股市波动
20.theharshreality thatthey mayoutlive theirretirement money退休金不够他们养老的严酷事实(严酷现实继续存在)
21.For muchofthepast year,President Bushcampaigned tomove SocialSecurity toa saving-account model,
7.canbeillustrated interms ofthe developmentof geologyinthe United Kingdom可用英国地质学的发展态势予以说明
8.A comparisonof Britishgeological publicationsoverthelast centuryandahalf revealsnot simplyanincreasingemphasis onthe primacyofresearch,but alsoa changingdefinition ofwhat constitutesan acceptableresearch paper.英国最近一个半世纪的地质学刊物作一比较就会发现,不仅科研为本〃越来越受到重视,而且判定科研论文是否可接受的标准也在不断变化
9.represent worthwhileresearch intheirownright本身就象征着有价值的研究(自身具有的能力或品质)lO.only ifthey incorporate,and reflecton,the widergeological picture只有在体现并影响更广阔地质学问题的情况下(包含,体现)ll.continuetopursue localstudies intheoldway继续以传统方式从事区域的研究
12.The overallresult hasbeen tomake entranceto professionalgeological journalsharder foramateurs,a resultthathasbeen reinforcedbythewidespread introductionof refereeing,总体的结果是,业余人员更难以在专业地质刊物上发表文章,且这一结果更由于评审制度的广泛采用而得以巩固,
13.asalogical consequenceofthisdevelopment这种发展带来的必然结果是…
14.A rathersimilar processof differentiationhas ledto professionalgeologists comingtogether nationallywithin oneor twospecific societies,一种非常类似的分化过程使专业地质学家聚集起来,形成一两个全国性的团体
15.be wellunder way得至[J良好发展
16.must bereckoned asthe crucialperiod forthis changeinthestructure ofscience必须被视为科学结构发生这一变化的关键时期【题干及选项词汇】l.sociology社会学
2.chemistry化学
3.psychology心理学
4.national academicsocieties全国性的学术机构(三H—)l.distinction荣誉
5.control overonesdestiny对自身命运的掌控
6.must bedeemed worthyofthesacrifices madeon ambition,sbehalf就必须被认定能抵得上为(实现)雄心壮志所做出的牺牲
4.1fthetradition ofambition istohavevitality,如果雄心的传统想要焕发活力
5.1nanodd way,however,然而令人奇怪的是(以一种奇怪的方式)
6.There isheavy noteof hypocrisyinthis,a caseof closingthe barndoor afterthe horseshave escaped—withthe educated themselvesriding onthem.这其中有着浓厚的虚伪色彩,是一种马逃跑后再关上马厩门〃的做法一受过教育的人自己正骑在马背上
7.1ess thanformerly逊于从前
8.donotseem lessin demandtoday如今受欢迎(非常需要)的程度并未减少
9.cannot confessfully totheir dreams不能…坦诚自己的梦想lO.lest theybe thoughtpushing,acquisitive andvulgar唯恐另U人认为自己急功近利、贪得无厌、庸俗不堪ll.Instead,we aretreated tofine hypocriticalspectacles,which nowmorethanever seemin amplesupply与之相又寸照的是,我们正目睹似乎比以往任何时候都多的很虚伪的景象
12.the criticof Americanmaterialism美国物质主义的批评家
13.the journalistadvocating participatorydemocracy inall phasesoflife,whose ownchildren areenrolled inprivate schools鼓吹在人生各个阶段施行参与式民主制的新闻记者却把自己的子女送进私立学校
14.For suchpeople andmany moreperhaps notso exceptional,theproperformulation iszSucceed atall costsbut avoidappearing ambitious.对于这些人以及更多也许没有这么特别的人而言,最合适的诠释是不惜一切代价获得成功,但避免表现出雄心勃勃〃
15.comefromvarious angles出自各种不同的角度
16.1ts publicdefenders arefew andunimpressive,where theyarenotextremely unattractive.公开为之辩解的人虽不是毫无吸引力可言,但他们确实少之又少且很不起眼
17.As aresult,the supportfor ambitionasahealthy impulse,a qualitytobeadmired andfixed inthe mindoftheyoung,is probablylower thanit hasever beenintheUnited States.因此在美国,雄心作为一种健康的动力,一种应该令人称羡并扎根于青年人心灵的品质,它所得到的支持也许比以往任何时期都低
18.be atanend结束(穷途末路)
19.peopleno longer feelits stirringsand promptings,but onlythat,nolongeropenly honored,itisless openlyprofessed人们再也感觉不到它的萌动和激励了,只是人们不再公开地以它为荣,更不愿公开地坦承它了
20.some ofwhich arethat ambitionis drivenunderground,or madesly(后果中)有一些就是雄心被迫转入地下,或暗藏于胸
21.Such,then,istheway thingsstand:于是,情况就成了这样(处于某种状态或情形)
22.andinthemiddle,as usual,themajorityof earnestpeople tryingtogetoninlife而居中的,如往常一样,是大多数一生都在认真而努力追求成功的人【题干及选项词汇】
1.customary ofthe educatedto discardambition inwords受过教育的人习惯于口头上摒弃雄心
2.too lateto checkambition onceit hasbeen letout雄心一旦被释放出来,再想抑制就为时已晚
3.1mpractical fortheeducatedto enjoybenefits fromambition对于受过教育的人来说,享受雄心带来的益处是不切实际的
4.they donot wantto appeargreedy andcontemptible他不想显得贪婪与可鄙
5.secretly andvigorously秘密坚决地
6.openly andenthusiastically公开热情地
7.easily andmomentarilyB轻松暂时地
8.and spiritually口头上和精神上的
(三十二)l.Aimlessness hashardly beentypical ofthe postwarJapan whoseproductivityandsocial harmonyare theenvy oftheUnitedStates andEurope.毫无目标几乎从来都不是战后日本的典型特征,其生产率与社会和谐度令美国和欧洲称羡
2.increasingly日益,越来越
3.the traditionalwork-moral values传统工作道德价值观
4.see theirjobs astheir primaryreason forbeing将工作视为存在的首要理由
5.the comingof ageofthepostwar babyboom战后婴儿潮一代进入职业黄金期
6.male-dominated jobmarket男性主导的就业市场
7.rigid socialladder等级森严的社会阶梯(严格死板的)
8.stress testtaking andmechanical learningover creativityand self-expression重视应试和机械学习胜过创造性和自我表现〃
9.humanity人性,仁爰之心
10.chairman ofthe rulingLiberal DemocraticParty1s educationcommittee执政的自民党教育委员会主席
11.Frustration againstthis kindof thingleads kidsto dropoutandrun wild.这种情况产生的挫败感(懊恼)致使孩子们辍学、无法无天(放荡不羁)
12.assaults onteachers攻击教师事件
13.amid theoutcry在一片抗议声中
14.who wasthen educationminister时彳壬教育大臣
15.raise eyebrows表达不满,提出责难(扬起眉毛表示反对或惊讶)
16.the Americanoccupation authorities美国占领当局
17.But thatmay havemoretodowithJapanese life-styles.但那也许与日本人的生活方式的关系更大
18.with economicgrowth hascome centralization随着经济的发展,集中化接踵而至
19.the extendedfamily数代同堂的大家庭1O.in favorof isolated,two-generation households取而代之的是单门独户的两代人之家
21.urban Japanesehave longendured lengthycommutes andcrowded livingconditions城里的日本人长期忍受着漫长的路程和拥挤不堪的居住条件
22.the discomfortis beginningto tell不舒适感开始凸显(明显,察觉出效果)【题干及选项词汇】
1.under aimlessdevelopment处于漫无目标的发展状态下2Japanese educationischaracterizedby mechanicallearning aswell ascreativity.日本教育以机械的学习和创造力为特征
3.More stressshouldbeplaced onthe cultivationof creativity.C应该更多地强调创造力的培养三十三l.but thisratio dropsto nearbalance attheageof maturity但到了成年期,这一比例下降到几乎持平
4.But thegreat universalof malemortality isbeing changed.但是男性死亡率高这一普遍情形正在发生改变
3.natural selection自然选择
4.mean almostcertain death几乎意味着必死无疑
5.make almostno difference几乎不会造成不同,几乎不起作用
6.Since muchofthevariation isdue togenes,one moreagent of evolution hasgone.因为婴儿体重差异很多情形下源于基因,所以又一个进化动因消失了
7.commit evolutionarysuicide进化自杀
8.as fertileasinthepast像过去那样具有旺盛的生育力
9.have roughlythesamenumberofoffspring子女数大致相同
10.the remainingtribal peoples其余的各部落民族
11.the grandmediocrity oftoday今天这种大规模的均一化
12.the biologicalUtopia生物乌托邦
13.involve littlephysical change几乎没有牵涉到人身体上的变化
14.those ignorantofevolution那些对进化一无所知的人
15.look atan organicbeing asa savagelooks ata ship,as atsomething whollybeyond hiscomprehension看有机生命体如同野人看船,好像看着某种完全超出其理解力的东西
16.But howeveramazed ourdescendants maybe athow farfrom Utopiawe were,they willlook justlike us.但是不管我们的子孙后代有多么惊讶于乌托邦对我们的遥不可及,他们的模样与我们是一样的【题干及选项词汇】
1.a lackof mates缺乏配偶
2.a defectivegene基因缺陷
3.Sex RatioChanges inHuman Evolution人类进化中性别比例的改变
4.Human EvolutionGoing Nowhere人类进化尚无定论l.When anew movementin artattain a certain fashion,itisadvisable tofind outwhat itsadvocates areaiming at当一场新的艺术运动成为某种时尚时,明智的做法是弄清其倡导者的目的所在
2.for,however farfetchedand unreasonabletheir principlesmay seemtoday,itispossible thatin yearstocomethey maybe regardedas normal因为无论其基本观点在今天看来是多么牵强和无理,将来都有可能被视为正常
3.with regardto Futuristpoetry就未来派诗歌而言
4.thecaseis ratherdifficult情况却相当困难
5.itcanhardly beclassed asLiterature很难将它归入文学
6.in brief简而言之
7.consequently因止匕
8.undergo acorresponding change经历了相应的变化
9.interpret modernstress诠释现代生活的压力
10.pour outalargestream ofessential words,unhampered bystops,or qualifyingadjectives,or finiteverbs大量使用基本词汇,摆脱句号、修饰性形容词及限定动词的羁绊
11.makeupwords thatimitate them造出模仿声音的词语
12.many sizesof type不同型号
13.atwill任意,随意
14.explanatory notes注解
15.acertainline某一行诗
16.a fightbetween aTurkish anda Bulgarianofficer一名土耳其军官和一名保加利亚军官发生了搏斗
17.fulfill thelaws andrequirements ofFuturistpoetry符合未来派诗歌的规则和要求
18.allthesame,no thinkingman canrefuse toaccept theirfirst。