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2021.2022学年上学期广州初中英语九年级期末典型试卷3一.语法选择共1小题
1.2020秋•天河区期末Do youfeel nervouswhile takinga testAnne White,a girl1studied at Colorado University first had a problem taking tests when she began college.Once I was wellprepared for my Englishtest.But when I took2test,I was almost unable to think.I foundI couldnot answerthe questions3because of nervousness and fear.My lowgrade did not show4to my teacher/*The sameexperience happenedto5student,Tom Smith.He said,n My first chemistry test was very
6.Then,on thesecond test,I satdown to take it,and I was7nervous that I was shaking.It was hard tohold mypencil withmy hands8up and down quickly.I knew the materialand I knew theanswers.Yet I couldnt write9down/1These twoyoung studentswere experiencingsomething calledtest anxiety焦虑.Because whena studentworries abouta test,his orher minddoes notwork10as it usually does.The studentfails to write orthink witha clearmind becauseof nervousness.11poor grades are often a result of poor study habits,sometimes test anxiety causesthe lowgrades too.Experts aretrying to help thesestudents12teaching them how to do with test anxiety.At someuniversities,students taketests tomeasure测量their anxiety.If thetests showtheir anxietyis high,the students can takeshort lessons13them deal with their nervousness.They14to become calm and relax their bodies.If theycontrol theirnervousness,their mindscan workbetter.Learned information then15out on a test in a much easier way.1A.what B.whom C.who D.which2A.a B.an C.the D./3A.correct B.correctly C.more correctlyD.correctness4A.what didI learntB.what I learnt C.what doI learnD.what Ilearn big problem with these early books.Every singleone hadto becopied andwritten byhand.
(4)They carved(用隹亥ij)a page of words into a piece of wood or stone.They couldthen printthe pageby spreadingink on the wood or stoneand puttingit againstpaper.Many yearslater,books becamefaster and easier to make whena Germanprinter inventedmovable,metal letters.The letterscould beused to print copyafter copy,and theletters puttogether againand againto printdifferent pagesof words.
(5)Once a luxury(奢侈品)only the rich could buy,they soonbecame atreasure everyonecould enjoy.A.But papyrusgrew mainlyin Egypt.B・Finally bookscould beprinted bythe thousands.C.Its surfacewas smootherand betterfor writingon,too.D.Things grewa littleeasier whenwriting wasinvented.E.The Chinesewere the first to think ofa way to speedthings upa little.五.语篇填空(共1小题)
8.(2020秋•天河区期末)Nowadays,online learningbecomes more and morepopular(Da students.Many studentsfrom homeand
(2)a choose to study online this year.For example,Linda from the UKis learningChinese online.She thinksshe is
(3)1to have a chance to continue studying online this year,which isconvenient atthe timeof COVID-
19.Many studentslike Lindaprefer thisnew wayfor severalreasons.First ofall,teacher canhelp students
(4)s their problems at once even if they are far away from each other.Besides,students canreview theirlessons through the onlinevideos anytime,any where.Moreover,students can take online
(5)e tocheck theirlearning.六.完成句子(共5小题)
9.(2020秋•广州期末)在英语歌唱比赛中,她唱得多好啊!she sangin theEnglish singingcompetition!
10.(2020秋•海珠区期末)我想到了小时候奶奶给我讲的童话故事I of the fairy stories was told by my grandma when I was young.
11.(2020秋•番禺区期末)妹妹问我是否可在回家的路上给她买些面包My sisterasked mesome breadfor heron myway homeor not.
12.(2020秋•天河区期末)如果我们尽力了,就不需要对自己感到惭愧If wetry ourbest,we wont have toourselves.
13.(2020秋•白云区期末)吃太多对你的身体不好is not good your health.七.书面表达(共1小题)
14.(2020秋•海珠区期末)初三第一学期即将结束,针对学习、生活中遇到的问题,请以Prepare for the nextterm”为题,谈谈表格中涉及的问题,并提出建议Problems Advice学习任务太多做好计划身体吃不消(请补充)(请补充)(请补充)注意
1.词数80词左右(开头已给出,不计入词数)
2.不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息,否则不予评分Prepare for the nextterm Beingstudents ofJunior Three,we shouldthink about2021-2022学年上学期广州初中英语九年级期末典型试卷3参考答案与试题解析一.语法选择(共1小题)
1.2020秋•天河区期末Do youfeel nervouswhile takinga testAnne White,a girl1C studiedatColoradoUniversityfirsthad aproblemtakingtestswhenshe begancollege.“Once I was wellprepared for my Englishtest.But when I took2C test,I was almost unabletothink.I foundIcouldnot answerthe questions3B becauseof nervousnessandfear.My lowgrade did not show4B tomyteacher.The sameexperience happenedto5A student,Tom Smith.He said,Myfirstchemistrytestwas very6C.Then,on thesecond test,I satdown to take it,and I was7D nervous thatI wasshaking.It was hard tohold mypencil withmy hands8A_up and down quickly.I knew the materialand I knewtheanswers.Yet Icouldn*t write9B down.**These twoyoung studentswere experiencingsomething calledtestanxiety焦虑.Because whena studentworries abouta test,his orher minddoes notwork10B asitusuallydoes.The studentfails to write orthink witha clearmind becauseofnervousness.11C poorgradesareoftenaresultofpoorstudyhabits,sometimes testanxiety causesthe lowgrades too.Experts aretrying to help thesestudents12D teachingthemhow to dowithtestanxiety.At someuniversities,students taketests tomeasure»则量their anxiety.If thetests showtheir anxietyis high,the students cantakeshort lessons13A themdealwith theirnervousness.They14D to becomecalmandrelaxtheirbodies.If theycontrol theirnervousness,their mindscan workbetter.Learned information then15A outon atestinamucheasierway.1A.what B.whom C.who D.which2A.a B.an C.the D./3A.correct B.correctly C.more correctlyD.correctness4A.what didI learntB.what Ilearnt C.what doIlearnD.what Ilearn5A.another B.the otherC.others D.the others6A.difficulty B.difficultly C.difficult D.more difficult7A.too B.quite C.such D.so8A.moving B.moves C.to moveD.moved9A.they B.them C.their D.theirs10A.as goodB.so wellC.so goodD.very well11A.Unless B.However C.Although D.Because12A.from B.for C.of D.by13A.tohelpB.helps C.help D.helping14A.train B.have trainedC.is trainedD.are trained15A.comes B.come C.came D.would come【考点】说明文;语法选择.【分析】本文叙述了学校的学生在考试期间出现了考试焦虑症,不能在考场上正常作答试卷,有些学校针对这种情况对学生进行了培训和疏导,通过控制他们的紧张情绪,他们可以让他们的头脑轻松地工作.【解答】
(1)c.连词辨析.根据题干,是定语从句,先行词a girl是人,用who,句意Anne White,一个在科罗拉多大学学习的女孩,在她上大学的时候第一次在考试中遇到问题,故答案是C.
(2)C.冠词辨析.A一,用于首字母发音是辅音音素前;B一,用于首字母发音是元音音素前;C特指;D不填;根据上句Once Iwas wellprepared for my Englishtest.有一次我为英语考试做了充分的准备后面是再次提起,用the,故答案是C.
(3)B.副词辨析.A形容词,B副词,C比较级,D名词,根据题干,修饰动词answer,要用副词,句意我不能正确地回答问题,没有比较,要用原形,故答案是B.
(4)B.宾语从句辨析.根据题干,是宾语从句,要用陈述语序,排除A、C,原句是一般过去时,后面也用一般过去时,句意低分数没有展示出我向老师学的,故答案是B.
(5)A.代词辨析.A三者及以上另一个,B两者中另一个,C别的,相当ther+名词,D其余的(表示在一个范围内的其他全部),根据语境,同样的经历发生在另一外学生身上,很多中的一个,故答案是A.6C.形容词辨析.A名词,B副词,C形容词,D比较级,根据题干,要用形容词作表语,句意我的第一次化学测试非常难,故答案是C.7D.固定短语辨析.根据nervous是形容词,应该是so…that…如此…以至于…句意我太紧张了,以至于打颤,故答案是D.8A.非谓语动词辨析.根据句意我很难用手握住铅笔快速地上下移动w油sth doing动名词作伴随状语,故答案是A.9B.代词辨析.A主格,B宾格,C形容词性物主代词,D名词性物主代词,根据上句Iknewthe materialand Iknewtheanswers.我知道材料和答案这里应该是不能写下它们,动词后面要用宾格,故答案是B.10B.固定短语辨析.根据题干,not so/as+形容词原形+as不和*样…,本题修饰动词work要用副词well,句意因为当一个学生担心考试的时候,他或她的大脑并不像通常那样运作良好,故答案是B.11C.连词辨析.A除非,B然而,C虽然,D因为,根据虽然成绩差往往是由于不良的学习习惯,有时考试焦虑也导致低成绩However在句首,一般用逗号隔开,故答案是C.12D.介词辨析.A从,B为,C…的,D由,通过,根据句意专家们正试图通过教这些学生如何应对考试焦虑来帮助他们,通过用by,故答案是D.13A.非谓语动词辨析.根据句意如果测试显示他们的焦虑程度很高,学生们可以参加简短的课程来帮助他们处理紧张情绪不定式作目的状语,故答案是A.14D.时态辨析.根据句意他们被训练成冷静和放松自己的身体,要用被动语态,构成是be+done,they后面要用are,故答案是D.15A.时态辨析,根据上句是一般现在时,所以后面也是一般现在时,结合句意然后,学习到的信息就会以一种更简单的方式出现在测试中不可数名词作主语,动词要用第三人称单数形式,故答案是A.【点评】考查完形填空.根据所给的短文对意思有所了解,然后根据短文的大体意思,选择每个符合题意的答案,使短文更通顺.二.完形填空共1小题
2.2020秋•白云区期末Jason,our son,was bornwith cerebralpalsy脑瘫.My wifeand1often encouragedhim as he facedmany challengesin hisearly years.But hismost1A time came when hebegan high school.One afternoon,Jason returnedhome withtears眼泪,n Fmnever going to school again!1He wascovered withfood thatother kidshad thrownat him.Jason latertold uswhat had2C.Jason hadsigned upfor the school runningteam.That day,a fewolder studentsmade3D_of hisperformance on the track篦道and threwfood ahim.I calledthe headmasterto askabout the4D and the headmaster promised it would never happen again.One day,as the other kidsexercised in the gym体育馆,they5C a lonely runner-Jason runningaround thesnow-covered track.A fewdays later,Jason saidto us,H Mom,Dad,sit down**Iwasready for the6D_.He told us thateach month,students7D ann athlete运动员of themonth”.The coachwould listthe topathletes andstudents voted投票for the8A Jasons name had never been listed.But thatday.one studentsaid.Sir,I wouldlike tochose Jasonfor theathlete of the Month
1.The coach looked9A He works harder than any of usnthestudent continued.Tears rushedout fromJason*s eyes.We alsocried and looked on as he10B showed his certificate证书.Whenever Ilose heart,I willthink of this story.I remindmyself thatchallenges arenot overcomeby fore,but bypatience andfaith信念.1A.difficult B.comfortable C.different D.wonderful2A.recorded B.changed C.happened D.expressed3A.tricks B.use C.mistakes D.fun4A.story B.scene C.purpose D.situation5A.knew B.watched C.noticed D.realized6A.best B.least C.most D.worst7A.hoped B.agreed C.meant D.chose8A.winner B.ruler C.adviser D.fighter9A.surprised B.embarrassed C.moved D.excited10A.warmly B.proudly C.kindly D.seriously【考点】记叙文.【分析】Jason天生脑瘫,在现实生活中必然会遇见很多挑战和困难进入高中以后,他参加了学校的田径队,通过自己的努力获得了大家的认可这个故事告诉我们困难并不是通过武力克服,而是通过耐心决心和信念来战胜它【解答】1A.考查形容词及语境理解A困难的,B舒服的,C不同的,D完美的由下文叙述可知Jason读高中以后,遇见了人生中最大的困难也就是说高中是他人生中最艰难的时间故选A2C.考查动词及语境理解A记录;B改变;C发生;Do根据Jason latertold uswhat had应该是句意后来Jason把发生的事情告诉了我们故选C3D.考查固定短语及语境理解A诡计;B使用;C错误;D乐趣短语make funof取笑…;嘲笑…;因为Jason患有脑瘫,他在田径队的表现不好,被其他队员嘲笑故选Do4D.考查名词及语境理解A故事;B场景;C目的,D情景,情况;Jason在学校里被其他学生欺负,我找到校长并把Jason的情况告诉了他,这是父母在孩子受到欺凌时的正常做法故选D5C.考查动词及语境理解A知道;B观看;C注意到;D意识到当其他孩子在体育馆里训练的时候,他们注意到孤独的Jason独自一人在大雪覆盖的田径场上慢跑Watch表示长时间注视某物,并无此意故选C6D.考查形容词最高级及语境理解A最好;B至少;C最多;D最坏根据上文可知因为患病,他在田径队中的表现很差,经常被别人欺负,所以他已经做好准备做最差的故选D7D.考查动词及语境理解A希望;B同意;C意味着;D选择田径队里每个月都要选一个表现最佳的成员并授予“月最佳队员”的称号故选D8A.考查名词及语境理解A胜利者;B统治者;C顾问;D战士田径队提名“月最佳队员”,然后投票选出最终的胜利者故选A9A.考查形容词及语境理解A吃惊的;B尴尬的;C感动的;D害怕的根据上文可知他在田径队中的表现很差,经常被别人欺负所以当有队员选择Jason做月最佳队员的时候,教练非常惊讶故选A10B.考查副词及语境理解A.温暖地;B自豪地;C善意地;D.严肃地,认真地Jason在田径队中的表现很差,但是他通过自己的努力成为了月最佳队员,让他感觉非常自豪故选B【点评】考查完形填空.根据所给的短文对意思有所了解,然后根据短文的大体意思,选择每个符合题意的答案,使短文更通顺.三.阅读理解(共4小题)
3.(2020秋•广州期末)Keeping theworld inour pocketsIt used to bethat a person wouldhave to carry anumber ofdifferent devices(设备)with themto dodifferent tasks.For example,a cellphone in the pastonly madetelephone call,a calculatoronly took care ofmathematical problems,and aGPS devicewas theonly thingto guideyou alongthe way.With thedevelopment of the smartphone,though,all of these otherdevices quicklybecame out of date.People wanted to carry one simpleitem,and the smartphone madeit possible.The technologywas there,and sowas themarket.Before longsmartphones becamevery common.The modemtechnology hasmade today*s smartphones much more powerful than a lot of computers from just ten years ago.With wirelesstechnology,people cansurf the Internet,play onlinegames,send e-mails,anddoall thethings theyonce couldonly doonacomputer.However,they havethe powerto dothings attheir fingertips(指尖).Many peopleargue thatwhile smartphones are powerfultools,they aremaking peopledepend on them.Why woulda personneed to learn to read amap whenhe cansimply askhis phonea questionWho needsto learnmaths whenyou haveexcellent calculatingpower inyour pocketat alltimesWhat reasonis thereto memorizefacts about history.art orgeography whenthat informationcan befound on the InternetThese arejust someof thequestions beingasked and answered whensmartphones arestill widelyused.Like anytechnology,smartphones havetheir advantagesbut theydo havedisadvantages aswell thatwe mustkeep oureyes on.1Which of the followingis NOTthe reasonwhy manydevices arebecoming out of dateC A Because they only have one function B.Because smartphones are verypowerful.C.Because theymake peopledepend on them.D.Because peoplewould rathercarry onedevice.2The authorwant totell usD in paragraph
3.A.why peopledepend onsmartphones B.what people can dowith smartphonesC.how smartphonetake theplace ofcomputers D.what problemspeople havewith smartphones3What canwe inferfrom this article D A People can finish all their work with smartphones.B.We wontneed tolearn facts about history,art orgeography.C.Today*s smartphonesare much more powerfulthan computers.D.People shouldpay attention to thedisadvantage ofsmartphones.【考点】日常生活类阅读.【分析】本文主要介绍了智能手机的优点和缺点【解答】1C.细节判断题根据For example,a cellphone in the pastonly madetelephone call,a calculatoronly tookcare ofmathematical problems,and aGPS devicewas theonly thingto guideyou alongthe way.With thedevelopment of the smartphone,though,all of these otherdevices quicklybecame outof date.People wantedto carryone simpleitem,and thesmartphone madeit possible.The technologywas there,and sowas themarket.Before longsmartphones becamevery common.The moderntechnology hasmade todayssmartphones muchmore powerfulthan a lot ofcomputers fromjust tenyears ago.可矢口例如,过去——部手机只打电话,一台计算器只处理数学问题,而GPS设备是唯一能指引你前进的东西不过,随着智能手机的发展,所有这些其他设备很快就过时了人们想携带一件简单的物品,智能手机使之成为可能技术在那里,市场也在那里不久,智能手机变得非常普遍现代科技使今天的智能手机比十年前的许多电脑功能强大得多因此可知因为他们让人们依赖他们不是许多设备过时的原因故选C4D.段落大意题通读全段,尤其是根据Many peopleargue thatwhile smartphonesare powerfultools,they aremaking peopledepend on them.可知现代科技使今天的智能手机比十年前的许多电脑功能强大得多因此可知本段主要讲述了人们在智能手机方面有哪些问题故选D5D.推理判断题根据These arejust someof thequestions beingasked andanswered whensmartphonesarestill widelyused.Like anytechnology,smartphones havetheir advantagesbut theydo havedisadvantages aswell thatwe mustkeep oureyes on.可知这些只是智能手机仍被广泛使用时被问到和回答的一些问题与任何技术一样,智能手机也有其优点,但也有缺点,我们必须密切关注因此可知人们应该注意智能手机的缺点故选D【点评】做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览,掌握全文的主旨大意.其次,细读题材,各个击破掌握全文的大意之后,细细阅读材料后的问题,弄清每题要求后,带着问题,再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息
4.2020秋•海珠区期末In the past1,000days,Zhu Liweihas takenmore than1,000photos ofpeople reading books on the subwayin Chinascapital.Zhu saysthe photosare ananswer toher question,Are therestill people reading paperbooks”The project started one day in February2018,when Zhutook the first photowith herphone ofpeople readingunderground.lt showeda young man readingZen and the Artof Motorcycle Maintenance carefully.I ama booklover and Iwasinterested inwhat booksare beingread byothers on the train,she says.n When I startedto pay attention topeople aroundme,I foundlike-minded subway readers.n Zhuhas beenphotographing people reading books on the subway eversince.After thefirst fourmonths,she postedaround100photos onan onlinealbum whichshe titledReaders on the BeijingSubway.Zhu alsocreated a book listof subwayreading,which nowincludes183novels suchas The Three-Body Problemand The Dream of the Red Chamber,359nonfiction booksin humannature,social sciencesand lifestyle;123self helpbooks;and preparationbooks fordifferent exams.And thelist continuesto grow.“No matterwhat they are reading,the booksin theirhands seemto beshining withlight,n Zhu says.It attracts me to take pictures.n In Zhus more than twoyears ofphotographing subway readers,she hasmet differentkinds of readers.5A.another B.theotherC.others D.the others6A.difficulty B.difficultly C.difficult D.more difficult7A.too B.quite C.such D.so8A.moving B.moves C.to moveD.moved9A.they B.them C.their D.theirs10A.as goodB.so wellC.so goodD.very well11A.Unless B.However C.Although D.Because12A.from B.for C.of D.by13A.tohelpB.helps C.help D.helping14A.train B.have trainedC.is trainedD.are trained15A.comes B.come C.came D.would come二.完形填空共1小题
2.2020秋•白云区期末Jason,our son,was bornwith cerebralpalsy脑瘫.My wifeandIoften encouragedhim ashe facedmany challengesin hisearly years.But hismost1timecamewhenhebeganhighschool.One afternoon,Jason returnedhome withtears眼泪,”Im nevergoingtoschoolagain!He wascovered withfood thatother kidshad thrownat him.Jason latertolduswhat had
2.Jason hadsigned upforthe school runningteam.That day,a fewolder studentsmade3of hisperformance on the track篦道and threwfood ahim.I calledthe headmasterto askabout the4and theheadmasterpromised itwouldneverhappenagain.One day,as theother kidsexercised in the gym体育馆,they5alonelyrunner-Jason runningaround thesnow-covered track.A fewdays later,Jason saidto us,Mom,Dad,sit downIwasready forthe
6.He toldusthateach month,students7an Hathlete运动员of themonth”.The coachwould listthe topathletes andstudents voted投票forthe8Jasons namehadneverbeenlisted.But thatday.one studentsaid.Sir,I wouldlike tochose Jasonfortheathlete of the Month
1.n Thecoachlooked9Heworksharderthananyofus thestudent continued.Tears rushedout fromJasons eyes.We alsocried andOnce itwas lateand fewpassengers wereon the train.Zhu foundan old man holdinga magnifyingglass to read a book.She tooka photoof the book andposted it on Weibo.A friendtold herthe bookwas bya popularJapanese novelist,Osamu Dazai.When Idont know the book*sname,I willpost thepicture on my Weibo,and thereis alwayssomeone whoknows,she says.n There are alwayspeople whohave readbooks that you havent.Some peoplewere inspiredby Zhuand suggestedthat shetook photos of readers on the subways ofother cities---maybe Shanghai,Hangzhou orGuangzhou.Zhu likedthe ideaand saidshe willmake the online photoalbum anopen spacefor peoplein anothercity whois interestedto postphotos of subwayreaders.1Where didZhu starther projectA A.In Beijing.B.In Shanghai.C.In Hangzhou.D.In Guangzhou.2Why didZhu starttotakephotos ofreaders on the subwayC A.She sawtheir booksshining withlight.B.She wantedtoread the samebooks as theirs.C.She wasinterested inwhat theywere reading.D.She wantedto recommenduseful booksto readers.3Which of the followingis NOTone of the booksmentioned in the articleDA.The Three-Body Problem.B.Readers on the BeijingSubway.C.The Dream of the Red Chamber.D.Zen and the Artof MotorcycleMaintenance.4Zhu mentionedthe storyof theold manin order to showthat D.A.the bookwas verypopular B.she hadread the book beforeC.old peopleliked readingonthe train D.there werelots ofpeople whoenjoy reading【考点】人物故事类阅读.【分析】本文讲述了朱立伟是一个读书爱好者,他对火车上其他人正在读的书很感兴趣【解答】1A细节理解题根据Zhu Liweihas takenmore than1,000photos ofpeople readingbooks onthe subwayin Chinascapital.朱立伟在中国首都的地铁上拍摄了1000多张人们看书的照片可以推测出,朱在北京开始她的项目故选A.1C细节理解题根据I amabooklover andIwasinterested inwhat booksare beingread byothers onthetrain,H she says.她说我是一个读书爱好者,我对火车上其他人正在读的书很感兴趣”可知,她对他们正在读的东西感兴趣故选C.3D推理判断题根据After thefirst fourmonths,she postedaround100photos onan onlinealbum whichshe titledReaders onthe BeijingSubway.以及头四个月后,她在一本网上相册上贴出了大约100张照片,她把这本相册命名为《北京地铁的读者》Zhu alsocreated abook listof subwayreading,which nowincludes183novels suchas TheThree-Body Problemand TheDream of the RedChamber朱还创建了地铁阅读书目,目前包括《三体问题》、《红楼梦》等183部小说用排除法可知,文章中没有提到的书事《禅宗与摩托车维修艺术》故选D.4D推理判断题根据“When Idont know the booksname,I willpost thepicture on my Weibo,and thereis alwayssomeone whoknows,”she says.n Thereare alwayspeople whohave readbooks that you havenft.她说当我不知道这本书的名字时,我会把照片发到我的微博上,总有人知道总有人读过你没有读过的书”提到老人的故事就是为了说明有很多人喜欢读书这一点故选D.【点评】先浏览所给的问题以及选择项,然后带着问题在通读原文的基础上快速地找到答案,然后再回过头来检查一遍,确保万无一失
5.2020秋•荔湾区期末In theearly1800s,thefirstelectric lightwas made.But there was nogood way to getelectricity intohomes.Two menbegan workingto developan electricgenerator(发电机).One was the famousThomas Edison.The otherwas a young mannamed Nikola Testa.Testa wasborn inCroatia in1856and movedto Americain
1884.He joinedThomas Edison and workedwith himin Edisonscompany.Edison haddeveloped agenerator thatmade directcurrent-DC(直流电).His generatorwas alreadylighting a small areaof NewYork City.Testa helpedEdison makehis DCgenerator better.But hedidnotstay withEdison verylong.Testa thoughtthere was a betterway to make electricity.Nikola Testaknew moreabout electricitythan almostanyone.Testa didnot inventthe ACgenerator.But hebelieved alternatingcurrent-AC(交流电),was the best way to powerhomes.He went to workfor alarge electriccompany.He developedAC generatorsto powerhomes andbusinesses.Tesla wason hisway togreat success.Edison foughtagainst Tesla*s AC generators because he was not happy.He toldeveryone that AC wouldkill people.lt wastrue that AC was more dangerous.But DChad itsown problems.lt couldnot besent farfrom thegenerator.AC,ontheother hand,could besent veryfar.Finally,Tesla won.The worldwould getpower fromAC generators.Nikola Tesla was agreat inventor,and becauseof hisinventions,now thewhole worldhas electricity.
(1)Which ofthe followingis NOTtrue aboutTesla A A.He wasborn inAmerica.B.He didnot inventthe ACgenerator.C.He thoughtthatAC was betterthan DC.D.He haddifferent ideasabout electricityfrom Edison.B.C.D.3What doyou think of TeslaC A.Humorous andresponsible.B.Smart andgentle.C.Hard-working andpurposeful.D.Strict andfaithful.4What is the besttitle ofthis passageB A.Tesla-The fatherof ModernTechnology B.The historyof electricityC.AC generatorsVS DCgenerators D.Edison andhis friend【考点】人物故事类阅读.【分析】短文讲了在19世纪早期,第一个电灯被制造出来详细地介绍了托马斯•爱迪生和尼古拉•泰斯塔对电的研究,及其尼古拉•泰斯塔的发明使全世界都有了电【解答】1A,细节判断题根据Testa wasborn inCroatia in1856and movedto Americain
1884.”可知他出生在美国是错误的,出生在克罗地亚故选A2B.结构划分题根据第一段Two menbegan workingto developan electricgenerator发电机.One was the famousThomas Edison.The otherwas ayoung mannamed NikolaTesta总述电的历史,研究电的两个人;第二到第四段句子He joinedThomas Edisonand workedwith himin Edisonscompany.Edison haddeveloped agenerator thatmade directcurrent-DC直流电.和Finally,Tesla won.The worldwould getpower fromAC generators.说的是托马斯•爱迪生和尼古拉•泰斯塔对电的研究过程和结果;第五段句子Nikola Tesla was agreat inventor,and becauseof hisinventions,nowthewhole worldhas electricity.,总结尼古拉•泰斯塔的成就和贡献;”可知结合选项,文章分为三个部分,故选B3C.细节理解题根据Testa thoughtthere was a betterway tomake electricity.和He went to workfor alarge electriccompany.He developedAC generatorsto powerhomes andbusinesses.Teslawason hiswaytogreat success.”可知尼古拉•泰斯塔是勤奋和有目标的人故选C4B.标题归纳题根据Two menbegan workingto developan electricgenerator发电ML.One was the famousThomas Edison.The otherwas ayoung mannamed NikolaTesta.“可知文章说的是电的历史故选B【点评】在通读全文的基础上,根据全文大意,展开逻辑思维,瞻前顾后,认真观察选项,仔细推敲,确定最佳答案6(.2020秋•天河区期末)My fatherwas always drunk and angry.He beat me every day.He alwayslocked thedoor whenhe went away andkept thekey inhis pocket.One dayI foundan oldsaw(锯子)that hehid in the roof.When Iwas alonein the house,I startedtomake a holewith thesaw onthe wooden floor underthe bigtable.The nextday my father said,Huck,go to the riverand catchsome fishfor breakfast.Be quick!And donttry anything.Remember,Im watchingyou!IWhen my father went to townthat afternoon,I gotmy sawand startedto workonthe hole.lt was late afternoonwhen Ifinished makingit.nIdid agood job,I thought,looking atthe hole.H NowPll getmy fathersgun.”I lookedoutside thewindow and there was nobody there.I quicklyclimbed outthrough thehole.Then Iran into the woodsto hunta wildpig.To mygreat joy,I found one.I shotit andtook itback to the houseand letthe pig*s blood fall onthe woodenfloor ofthe house.Then Ipulled someof myhair outand putit onmy fathersaxe(斧子)with someofthepig*s blood.I took the pigsbody outsideand putit ina bigbag with some rocks,and threwit into the river.“This waypeople willthinkA!”I thought.Theyll come and look formy body inthe river.This idea made me smile.I waiteduntil itwas darkand gotinto theboat andwentto Jacksons Island.Iknew about Jacksons Island because Tom,Ben,Joe andI hada lot of fun adventures there.-Adapted fromThe Adventuresof HuckleberryFinn byMark TwainB.
②③①⑥④⑤C.
②①③⑥④⑤D.
③①②⑥⑤④2Which ofthe followingis thebest tofill inthe▲”B IWhats thecorrect orderofthe following C@Huck founda boatwhen fishing.
②Huck discovereda sawinthe roof.
③Huck finished making thehole.
④Huck killeda wildpig.
⑤Huck setout to Jacksons Island.@Huck cameoutofthe house.A.
⑥①③②⑤④A.myfather went away and Imsad B.the pigs blood is mine and Im deadC.I killedthe wildpig andIm braveD.my friendshelped meand Fmhappy3This timeHuck wenttoJackson,sIsland mainly because he wantedto D.A.meet his friends B.look fortreasure C.take anadventure D.get awayfrom hisfather4According to the passage,what isHuck likeAA.Adventurous andsmart.B.Creative andhonest.C.Brave butcareless.D.Funny butstupid.【考点】人物故事类阅读.【分析】本文截取自《哈克贝利•费恩历险记》,主要介绍Huck受不了父亲的毒打,于是他趁父亲外出的机会,先安排了一个自己被杀死,尸体被扔到河里的假象,然后就偷了小船,逃到了杰克逊岛上躲了起来的故事【解答】1C.推理判断题根据第一段One dayI foundan oldsaw一天我发现一把旧锯子.可知,Huck发现一把锯子”是第一位.根据第二段The nextday myfather said,Huck,go to the riverand catchsome fishfor breakfast.以及最后他上船去了杰克逊岛可知,”哈克钓鱼时发现了一条船”是第二位.根据第三段I gotmy sawand startedto workonthehole.lt waslate afternoonwhen Ifinished makingit.我拿了锯子,开始修那个洞我做完时已是下午晚些时候了可知,”哈克打完洞了”是第三位.根据第五段Ilookedoutsidethe window and there wasnobody there.I quicklyclimbed outthrough thehole•我看了看窗夕卜,那儿一个人也没有我很快从洞里爬了出来可知,”哈克从房子里出来”是第四位.根据第五段Then Iran into the woodsto hunta wildpig然后我跑到树林里去猎一头野猪.可知,”哈克杀死了一头野猪”是第五位.根据最后一段I waiteduntil itwas darkand gotinto theboat andwenttoJacksons Island..我一直等到天黑,然后上船去了杰克逊岛可知,”哈克出发去杰克逊岛”是第六位.正确顺序是
②①③⑥④⑤.故选C.2B.选句填空题根据空前一句Then Ipulled someof myhair outand putit onmy fathersaxe斧子with someofthepig*sblood.I tookthe pigsbody outsideand putit ina bigbag withsome rocks,and threwit into theriver.然后我拔了一些头发,用猪血放在我父亲的斧子上.我把猪的尸体拿出来,放进一个装有石头的大袋子里,扔到河里.及下一句Theyh comeand look formybody inthe river.n This idea made me smile.”他们会来找我的厂1体的.这个想法让我笑了.可知,这样人们就会认为“猪血是我的,我死了二故选B.3D.细节理解题根据第——段My father,who was alwaysdrunk andangry,beatmemore and more every day我父亲总是酗酒和生气,每天都在不断地殴打我.及第四段This ismy chanceto escape这是我逃跑的机会.可知,Huck去杰克逊岛是因为他想逃离父亲.故选D.4A.推理判断题根据倒数第二段This waypeople willthink the pigs blood ismine and Pmdead!I thought.They!!!comeandlookformybody inthe river.Thisideamademesmile.这样人们就会以为猪血是我的,我死了!“我想,”他们会来找我的尸体的.”这个想法让我笑了.及最后一句hadalotof funadventures there在那里有很多有趣的冒险经历.可知,Huck是勇敢的和聪明的.故选A.【点评】首先要通读全文,了解文章大意,紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息,然后明确词意,结合排除法逐一选出答案.最后再通读全文,核对答案四.阅读填空共1小题
7.2019秋•番禺区期末Long longago,people couldntwrite andthey hadno books.But they had stories.People learnedthe storiesby heartand taughtnew onesto oneanother.Sometimes itwashardto rememberthem all.1D The ancient Egyptians wrote their stories on something made from papyrus纸莎草plants.People inother placeslearned touse papyrusfrom theEgyptians.2A.So parchment羊皮Z氏later took its place.In ancientChina bookslooked a little different.People thereused inktowriteon bambooor silk.And thenthey inventedpaper.Paper waseasier andcheaper tomake thanpapyrus andparchment.3C Papermaking later spread tothe West,but there wasa bigproblemwith theseearlybooks.Every singleone hadto becopied andwritten byhand.4E They carved雕亥ij a pageof wordsinto apiece ofwoodor stone.They couldthen printthe pageby spreadingink onthe woodor stoneand puttingit againstpaper.Many yearslater,books becamefaster andeasier tomake whena Germanprinter inventedmovable,metal letters.The letterscould beusedtoprint copyafter copy,andtheletters puttogether againand againtoprintdifferent pagesof words.5B Once aluxury奢侈品only therich could buy,they soonbecame atreasure everyonecould enjoy.A.But papyrusgrew mainlyin Egypt.B・Finally bookscould beprinted bythe thousands.C.Its surfacewas smootherand betterfor writingon,too.D.Things grewa littleeasier whenwriting wasinvented.E.The Chinesewere thefirst tothink ofa wayto speedthings upa little.【考点】选句补全短文.【分析】短文讲了作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了纸张和印刷术的发展历史,从人类发现纸到可以印刷书本的历程.【解答】细节推理题.1D.根据前句Long longago,people couldntwrite andthey hadno books.可知说的是没有书,结合选项,应说写作发明后,事情变得容易了一些.故选D.2A.根据前句People inother placeslearned touse papyrusfrom theEgyptians.”可知说的是埃及纸莎草,结合选项,应说但是纸莎草主要生长在埃及.故选A.3C.根据前句Paper waseasier andcheaper tomake thanpapyrus andparchment.可知说的是纸的好处,结合选项,应说它的表面也更光滑,更适合写字.故选C.4E.根据后句Theycarved雕刻apageofwordsintoapieceofwoodorstone.They couldthen printthe pageby spreadingink onthe woodorstoneand puttingit againstp叩er.”可知说的是印刷,结合选项,应说中国人是第一个想到要稍微加快速度的人.故选E.5B.根据后句Oncealuxury奢侈品only therich could buy,they soonbecame atreasure everyonecould enjoy.”可知结合选项,应说最后,书籍可以成千上万地印刷.故选B.【点评】做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析,结合选项选出正确答案.推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理地分析才能得出正确的答案.五.语篇填空共1小题
8.2020秋•天河区期末Nowadays,online learningbecomes more and morepopular Damong students.Many studentsfrom homeand2a broadchooseto studyonline this year.For example,Linda from the UKis learningChinese online.She thinksshe is31ikely to havea chanceto continuestudying onlinethisyear,which isconvenient atthe timeof COVID-
19.Many studentslike Lindaprefer thisnew wayfor severalreasons.First ofall,teacher canhelp students4s olvetheirproblemsatonceeveniftheyarefarawayfromeachother.Besides,students canreview theirlessons throughtheonlinevideos anytime,anywhere.Moreover,studentscantake online5e xams/examinations tocheck theirlearning.【考点】首字母阅读填空.【分析】现在,在网上学习在学生当作变得越来越受欢迎,老师能帮助学生解决他们的问题,学生可以参加网上的考试来检验他们的学习【解答】1among.考查介词根据Nowadays,online learningbecomes moreandmorepopular1a students.”结合给出的首字母提示,可知此处是指现在,在网上学习在学生当作变得越来越受欢迎,所以要用among来填空故填among.2abroad.考查副词根据Many studentsfrom homeand2a choosetostudyonlinethisyear.”结合给出的首字母提示,可知此处是指今年许多国内外的学生选择在网上学习,所以要用abroad来填空故填abroad.3likely.考查形容词根据“She thinksshe is31tohaveachancetocontinuestudyingonlinethisyear”结合给出的首字母提示,可知此处是指她认为今年她很可能有机会继续在网上学习,所以要用likely来填空,be likelyto do sth.有可能做某事故填likely.4solve.考查动词根据teacher canhelp students4stheirproblems”结合给出的首字母提示,可知此处是指老师能帮助学生解决他们的问题,所以要用solve来填空,help sb.do sth.固定短语,帮助某人做某事故填solve.5exams/examinations.考查名词根据studentscantake online
(5)etocheck theirlearning.”结合给出的首母提示,可知此处是指学生可以参加网上的考试来检验他们的学习,由于考试有可能的多学科的考试,所以要用复数名词exams/examinations来填空故填exams/examinations.【点评】首先要通读短文,掌握大意,特别要注意上下文之间的联系,确定某处的需要的词汇和形式,就可以确定正确答案.六.完成句子(共5小题)
9.(2020秋•广州期末)在英语歌唱比赛中,她唱得多好啊!How wellshe sangintheEnglish singingcompetition!【考点】汉译英.【分析】How wellshe sangintheEnglish singingcompetition!【解答】根据题干,可知考查感叹号How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!How well多好呀故答案为How well.【点评】做这类题型,首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写,再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化
10.(2020秋•海珠区期末)我想到了小时候奶奶给我讲的童话故事I think ofthe fairystories that wastold bymy grandmawhen Iwas young.【考点】汉译英.【分析J I think ofthefairystoriesthatwastoldbymygrandmawhenIwasyoung.【解答】根据题干,可知考查thinkof想起第二空是that引导定语从句,修饰stories.由句意可知主句时态是一般现在时故答案为think;that.【点评】做这类题型,首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写,再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化
11.(2020秋•番禺区期末)妹妹问我是否可在回家的路上给她买些面包My sisterasked mewhether Icouldbuysome breadfor heronmyway homeor not.【考点】汉译英.【分析】My sisterasked mewhether Icouldbuysome breadfor heronmyway homeor not.looked onashe10showedhiscertificate证书.Whenever Ilose heart,I willthinkofthis story.I remindmyself thatchallenges arenot overcomeby fore,but bypatience andfaith信念.1A.difficult B.comfortable C.different D.wonderful2A.recorded B.changed C.happened D.expressed3A.tricks B.use C.mistakes D.fun4A.story B.scene C.purpose D.situation5A.knew B.watched C.noticed D.realized6A.best B.least C.most D.worst7A.hoped B.agreed C.meant D.chose8A.winner B.ruler C.adviser D.fighter9A.surprised B.embarrassed C.moved D.excited10A.warmly B.proudly C.kindly D.seriously三.阅读理解(共4小题)
3.(2020秋•广州期末)Keeping theworld inour pocketsIt usedto bethat aperson wouldhave tocarry anumber ofdifferent devices设备with themto dodifferent tasks.For example,a cellphone inthepastonly madetelephone call,a calculatoronly tookcare ofmathematical problems,andaGPS devicewas theonly thingto guideyou alongthe way.With thedevelopment ofthesmartphone,though,all ofthese otherdevices quicklybecame outof date.People wantedtocarryone simpleitem,andthesmartphone madeit possible.The technologywas there,and sowasthemarket.Before longsmartphones becamevery common.The modemtechnology hasmade todayssmartphonesmuchmore powerfulthanalotofcomputersfromjusttenyearsago.With wirelesstechnology,peoplecansurf the Internet,play onlinegames,send e-mails,anddoall thethings theyonce couldonly doonacomputer.However,they havethe powertodothings attheir fingertips指尖.【解答】根据题干,可知考查whether是否,和ornot连用引导宾语从句,用陈述语序时态是一般过去时故答案为whether Icouldbuy.【点评】做这类题型,首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写,再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化
12.(2020秋•天河区期末)如果我们尽力了,就不需要对自己感到惭愧If wetry ourbest,we wonthave tobv ashamed of ourselves.【考点】汉译英.【分析】If wetry ourbest,we won*thave to be ashamedofourselves.【解答】be ashamedof感到惭愧;动词不定式符号to后跟动词原形故答案是beashamedof【点评】此题考查汉译英,在熟知每个汉语的英语翻译的基础上,根据语法结构,组合短语或者句子,便可得出正确答案
13.(2020秋•白云区期末)吃太多对你的身体不好Eating too much is not good for yourhealth.【考点】汉译英.[分析]Eating toomuch isnotgood for yourhealth.【解答】吃太多eating toomuch,动名词短语作主语;对…不好be notgoodfor,是动词短语故答案为Eating toomuch,for【点评】汉译英,需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等,来选择合适的单词或者短语,构成合乎语法、句意完整的句子七.书面表达(共I小题)
14.(2020秋•海珠区期末)初三第一学期即将结束,针对学习、生活中遇到的问题,请以Prepare forthe nextterm”为题,谈谈表格中涉及的问题,并提出建议Problems Advice学习任务太多做好计划身体吃不消(请补充)(请补充)(请补充)注意
1.词数80词左右(开头已给出,不计入词数)
2.不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息,否则不予评分Prepare forthe nextterm Beingstudents ofJunior Three,we shouldthink about【考点】图表作文.【分析1【高分句型一】This pressurenot onlycomes fromtheschool,but alsofrom our parents.这种压力不仅来自学校,也来自父母not only-but also・•,不仅....而且....【高分句型二】Third,wed bettercommunicate withour parentsmoreand let themknow whatwe think.第三,我们最好多和父母沟通,让他们知道我们的想法had betterdosth最好做某事【解答】Prepare forthe nextterm Beingstudents ofJunior Three,we shouldthink aboutproblems andtry ourbest tosolve them.(点题)We have toomuchhomework now,so wehavetoomuch pressure.This pressurenot onlycomes fromtheschool,but alsofrom ourparents.[高分句型一]We haveto stayup lateto finishour homework.Its notgoodforourhealth.Our parentssometimes dontunderstand us.They alwaysgive ustoo manyfamily rules.(问题)Ithinkwe shouldfind solutionstotheproblems.First ofall,we shouldmakeastudy planso asto improveour studyefficiency.Second,we shouldexercise everyday.In thisway,we canstudy better.Third,wed bettercommunicate withourparentsmoreandlet themknow whatwe think.[高分句型二】(解决办法)【点评】能够根据提示进行书面表达,能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等,清楚连贯地表达自己的思想,进而完成写作任务考点卡片
1.记叙文【概念及特点】完形填空题就是在一篇短文中空出某些词或短语,每个空白处提供四个选项,要求从中选出一个最佳答案,使短文意思完整、结构合理、无语法错误的题型.完形填空是在单项填空的基础上发展起来的介于单项填空和阅读理解之间的一种题型.它题材广泛,体裁多样.文章内容新颖、有趣、可读性强,具有鲜明的时代感,包括社会生活、风土人情、人文环境、人物传记等.而夹叙夹议型文章成为近几年完形填空变化的一个特点.篇章大多有10或15个小题,难度符合《新课程标准》的要求.完形填空题的特点
1、完形填空题能够较为全面地考查学生综合运用语言知识的能力.这一题型的主要考查内容为1语言知识型.考查语言基础知识,如固定短语、基本句型、基础语法、单词在一定语境下的具体应用、习惯用法、常用搭配等.2推理判断型.考查对篇章的整体理解和推理判断能力.3综合型.综合考查知识和能力.
2.完形填空题所选文章有以下两大特点1所选文章是一个有机的整体尽管看起来形式上有残缺若干个空,但它的内容、句与句之间的衔接点、句子与段落之间的联系、段落与段落之间的逻辑顺序仍存在于篇章之中.2文章选材广泛近几年在试题设计上选择了学生感兴趣的热门话题,降低了对单词本身词义及语法的考查,注重上下文联系,突出综合运用英语的能力,全面测试考生的阅读理解能力、逻辑思维能力、逻辑分析能力和推理判断能力.因此,考生做完形填空题时,要快速通读全文,理解文章大意与各段落的中心意思,把握文章脉络和作者的写作意图.【命题趋势】完形填空题的两空之间一般相隔7-10个词,短文第一个句子作为提示句,一般不设空,并且短文被删去的词多是实词动词、名词、形容词、副词、代词为主,而虚词介词、连词、冠词相对较少,甚至不设空.其特点如下
1.以考查实词为主信息词汇(或通常所说的“实词”)比重极大,且有逐年增加的趋势.
2.降低了对单词本身词义的考查要求突出该题型的主要测试目的理解全文,通篇考虑,掌握大意,注意关联.
3.增加了考查连词的题考查考生对于行文逻辑的掌握及对文句之间关联性的理解.
4.注重结合语境考查对词语用法的掌握主要涉及两个方面词义辨析与习惯搭配.同义词与近义词的比较分辨应当放到一定的语境之中才有意义.如果只是一一对应地记单词的中文意思,不注意具体语境中单词的确切含义,是难以分辨一些词的细微差异的.【解题步骤】
1.通读全文,了解大意做题之前,必须先浏览全文,了解短文的大意,这是非常重要的一个步骤.通过短文所提供的信息,借助语感及相关知识的推断,可以从整体上把握短文的轮廓.完形填空题不同于单项填空题,单项填空题所给的是一个或两个句子,根据设空句或前后语境就可以选出答案.而完形填空题所给的是一篇意思完整的短文,答案的选择要联系整段或整篇文章.切勿为了省时而边看边填;否则,只会欲速则不达.许多地方看不下去,选择时或不解其意,或似懂非懂,从而举棋不定,这样不仅错误率高,而且费时费力.每篇短文总有一定的主题思想,段落之间必须能承上启下,前后呼应,句与句之间也一定紧密相连,形成一个有机的整体.因此通读全文时要一气呵成,不要中断思路,只要能理解短文的大意即可.某些细节不理解可以跳过,如果不影响答题,可以置之不理;如果与答题有关,可等到第二步填空时再解决.另外,在阅读时要特别注意一篇文章的开头和结尾,因为它们往往能够提供主要的信息,有助于我们把握全文所描述的事件或文章的中心思想.
2.瞻前顾后,初选答案在通读全文,了解大意的基础上,便可着手答题.根据习惯用法、固定搭配,并从上下文中找关键性暗示,注意前后对照,凭借语感先选出比较容易的答案.有些题目设计得很巧妙,由下文暗示上文,很有可能开头的空格填入四个选项在语法上都成立,但正确选项要到文章末尾才能知道.反之亦然,文章末尾的空格有可能在上文找到提示性的内容.
3.每空细读,分析斟酌逐句精读,逐题分析选项,有少数空格需多方面地推敲分析,如词义分析、语法结构分析、上下文推理分析等,下面是从所给四个选项角度考虑的解题思路
(1)若考查冠词,则须依据短文空白后单词的第一个音素来确定是用a还是an,根据空格后名词是表示特指还是泛指来确定是用不定冠词a/an还是用定冠词the,或根据冠词的习惯用法来确定.
(2)若是考查介词或副词(如up,out,of,away等)可先从固定搭配入手;若不属于固定搭配,则根据句子结构及介词和副词的意义及用法仔细进行推敲从而作出选择.
(3)若四个选项是名词,则须注意名词的单复数形式、所有格形式等.
(4)如考查形容词或副词,则须根据其所在句中的作用以及它前面的修饰语等来确定是什么词性,是应用比较级还是最高级.
(5)如果考查动词,要么考查在特定语境中动词词义的辨析,要么考查某些固定搭配或时态、语态以及非谓语动词形式等.
(6)若选项是连接词、关系词或连词,则应根据句子结构和上下文的意思决定是选择连接(关系)代词还是连接(关系)副词.也可从连词的一些惯用法或固定搭配等入手,如not.-until as.・・・as、not so***as或用because不用so、用but不用though等.
4.复核全文,清除疏漏所有的答案选出之后,应再次通读全文,对所选的答案进行核实调整,经过第三步的逐句推敲之后,对短文内容的理解更为深刻,最初选择时有些难解或误解的问题这时就很容易判断,从而也就能得到更好的解决.这一步费时不多却很有必要.【注意事项】
1.重视首尾句完形填空所选的短文一般无标题,但首句通常不设空格,它很可能是文章开篇的重要交代,为预测短文体裁及全文大意提供重要信息.尾句往往是段落的灵魂.首尾句往往是文章的主题句,在主题句中,一般可能出现文章的背景知识,故事性文章的时间、地点、人物、事件等,抓住并理解主题句对统观全文有很大的帮助.
2.先易后难首先做那些只要根据上下文就能确定答案的直接的、明显的题目,即考查固定词组、常见句型或明显的语法结构等的题目.对于生疏的人名、地名以及次要的修饰词可暂时搁置一旁,这些东西往往纷杂、累赘,甚至令人厌烦,可尽量绕开它们.假如某个空格太难而一时拿不准选哪一个,可先把它放在一边进行“冷却”,把容易做的全部做好,这样就增强了信心,同时也降低了试题的难度,原来的难题也就不攻自破了.
3.巧断生词如果句子中有个别生词,要通过上下文或构词法知识来推断它的词义.”熟词新义”的情况有时也会碰到,要注意灵活处理.有时,生词对解题根本没什么影响,所以碰到生词大可不必紧张.
4.以长补短,灵活作答有的同学英语背景知识丰富,有的语感好,有的语法知识比较扎实,有的逻辑推理能力较强.总之要充分发挥自己的特长,以长补短,灵活作答,综合判断.
5.充满信心,集中精力答题时头脑中切忌出现自己“解不出”“做不完心看不懂”等坏信号.集中精力可使答题一气呵成,既有利于答题效率的提高,又能保证答题的准确性.【解题方法】
1、利用语境及逻辑关系解题完形填空的文章结构严谨,层次分明,句子与句子之间、段落与段落之间、上文与下文之间的逻辑关系很强.有些选项,不仅要符合语法的要求,更要符合语境及逻辑关系.如(2018盐城)1have hada longcareer asa nurse.I havemet many patients.28I have never met another girl like Katy.
28.A.Instead B.Besides C.Therefore D.However Instead代替;而不是,替代关系;Besides除此之外,递进关系;Therefore因此,因果关系However然而,转折关系.根据上文I havemany patients.”以及下文1have never met another girl like Katy根据前后的逻辑关系,此处为转折关系,表示虽然见过很多病人,但是从没见过像Katy这样的女孩.这样就选出答案D项.
2、利用固定搭配解题完形填空题中对词汇知识的考查主要体现在习惯用法和同义词、近义词的辨析两方面.习惯用法是英语中某种固定的结构形态,不能随意改动.所以,考生平时应掌握好习惯用法.对词义辨析题的考查有加大力度的趋势.要做好这类题,需要有较大的词汇量、掌握词语搭配知识并具有词语辨析的能力,特别是在特定的语境中能灵活运用的能力.如(2018扬州)For acouple ofdays afterward,Max25a newtitle forme.
25.A.worked outB.turned outC.carried outD.tried outwork out意为得出;turn out意为“结果是“;carry out意为“执行“;try out意为“尝试”,符合句意”后来的几天,马克斯试图用新头衔称呼我.”所以此题只要对这些短语加以辨析就能找到答案B.
3、利用上下文或复现信息解题语篇复现的信息包括原词复现、同义词和反义词复现、上义词和下义词复现、概括词复现、释义复现、代词复现等.因此,利用上下文寻找复现信息能帮助考生尽快确定答案.(2017南通)Just ashe hadthrown downhis wood,he heardhis mothersweak voicefrom herbedroom.I am29,and longing for some tea.”
29.A.thirsty B.hungry C.sleepy D.busy四个备选选项都能作表语,语法上没有错误,但如果读到后一句的longing for some tea,就能通过这种释义复现的方式看出妈妈要喝水,口渴的,这样就能选出答案A.
4、利用背景及常识解题完形填空试题正朝着语言交际化、情景生活化、词汇运用灵活化的方向发展,语言运用与情景交际融为一体.因此解题时,考生的英语语言知识和其他方面的知识都发挥着重要的作用.考生可充分对自己已掌握的文化背景、社会经验及生活常识巧妙地加以运用,这样将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程,节省宝贵的时间,顺利地沿作者的思路阅读下去.如(2018泰州)Last autumn,my80-year-old grandmotherwas havingproblems with her heart.My familysent hertothe16After acareful examination,a famousdoctor toldmy grandmother,n Youhave sucha17heart conditionthatyoushould havean operation.”
16.A.park B.hotel C.restaurant D.hospital
17.A.wonderful B.serious C.difficult D.proper这两个小题都可以利用生活常识来解题.一般来说,人们身体出现问题,都送去医院,hospital符合题意;而奶奶需要一台手术,证明心脏病情是严重的,serious符合题意.因此,只要对备选选项的词义有基本的了解,答案就很容易选出.总之,考生要在“读-填一读”的过程中遵循以下方针抓住首句,跳过空格,通读全文,掌握大意;理解词义,瞻前顾后,先易后难,逐个突破;重读全文,个个审核,验证答案,战胜自我.
2.说明文【概念及特点】完形填空题就是在一篇短文中空出某些词(或短语),每个空白处提供四个选项,要求从中选出一个最佳答案,使短文意思完整、结构合理、无语法错误的题型.完形填空是在单项填空的基础上发展起来的介于单项填空和阅读理解之间的一种题型.它题材广泛,体裁多样.文章内容新颖、有趣、可读性强,具有鲜明的时代感,包括社会生活、风土人情、人文环境、人物传记等.而夹叙夹议型文章成为近几年完形填空变化的一个特点.篇章大多有10或15个小题,难度符合《新课程标准》的要求.完形填空题的特点
1、完形填空题能够较为全面地考查学生综合运用语言知识的能力.这一题型的主要考查内容为
(1)语言知识型.考查语言基础知识,如固定短语、基本句型、基础语法、单词在一定语境下的具体应用、习惯用法、常用搭配等.
(2)推理判断型.考查对篇章的整体理解和推理判断能力.
(3)综合型.综合考查知识和能力.
2.完形填空题所选文章有以下两大特点
(1)所选文章是一个有机的整体尽管看起来形式上有残缺(若干个空),但它的内容、句与句之间的衔接点、句子与段落之间的联系、段落与段落之间的逻辑顺序仍存在于篇章之中.
(2)文章选材广泛近几年在试题设计上选择了学生感兴趣的热门话题,降低了对单词本身词义及语法的考查,注重上下文联系,突出综合运用英语的能力,全面测试考生的阅读理解能力、逻辑思维能力、逻辑分析能力和推理判断能力.因此,考生做完形填空题时,要快速通读全文,理解文章大意与各段落的中心意思,把握文章脉络和作者的写作意图.【命题趋势】完形填空题的两空之间一般相隔7-10个词,短文第一个句子作为提示句,一般不设空,并且短文被删去的词多是实词(动词、名词、形容词、副词、代词)为主,而虚词(介词、连词、冠词)相对较少,甚至不设空.其特点如下
1.以考查实词为主信息词汇(或通常所说的”实词“)比重极大,且有逐年增加的趋势.
2.降低了对单词本身词义的考查要求突出该题型的主要测试目的理解全文,通篇考虑,掌握大意,注意关联.
3.增加了考查连词的题考查考生对于行文逻辑的掌握及对文句之间关联性的理解.
4.注重结合语境考查对词语用法的掌握主要涉及两个方面词义辨析与习惯搭配.同义词与近义词的比较分辨应当放到一定的语境之中才有意义.如果只是一一对应地记单词的中文意思,不注意具体语境中单词的确切含义,是难以分辨一些词的细微差异的.【解题步骤】
1.通读全文,了解大意做题之前,必须先浏览全文,了解短文的大意,这是非常重要的一个步骤.通过短文所提供的信息,借助语感及相关知识的推断,可以从整体上把握短文的轮廓.完形填空题不同于单项填空题,单项填空题所给的是一个或两个句子,根据设空句或前后语境就可以选出答案.而完形填空题所给的是一篇意思完整的短文,答案的选择要联系整段或整篇文章.切勿为了省时而边看边填;否则,只会欲速则不达.许多地方看不下去,选择时或不解其意,或似懂非懂,从而举棋不定,这样不仅错误率高,而且费时费力.每篇短文总有一定的主题思想,段落之间必须能承上启下,前后呼应,句与句之间也一定紧密相连,形成一个有机的整体.因此通读全文时要一气呵成,不要中断思路,只要能理解短文的大意即可.某些细节不理解可以跳过,如果不影响答题,可以置之不理;如果与答题有关,可等到第二步填空时再解决.另外,在阅读时要特别注意一篇文章的开头和结尾,因为它们往往能够提供主要的信息,有助于我们把握全文所描述的事件或文章的中心思想.
2.瞻前顾后,初选答案在通读全文,了解大意的基础上,便可着手答题.根据习惯用法、固定搭配,并从上下文中找关键性暗示,注意前后对照,凭借语感先选出比较容易的答案.有些题目设计得很巧妙,由下文暗示上文,很有可能开头的空格填入四个选项在语法上都成立,但正确选项要到文章末尾才能知道.反之亦然,文章末尾的空格有可能在上文找到提示性的内容.
3.每空细读,分析斟酌逐句精读,逐题分析选项,有少数空格需多方面地推敲分析,如词义分析、语法结构分析、上下文推理分析等,下面是从所给四个选项角度考虑的解题思路1若考查冠词,则须依据短文空白后单词的第一个音素来确定是用a还是an,根据空格后名词是表示特指还是泛指来确定是用不定冠词a/an还是用定冠词the,或根据冠词的习惯用法来确定.2若是考查介词或副词如up,out,of,away等可先从固定搭配入手;若不属于固定搭配,则根据句子结构及介词和副词的意义及用法仔细进行推敲从而作出选择.
(3)若四个选项是名词,则须注意名词的单复数形式、所有格形式等.
(4)如考查形容词或副词,则须根据其所在句中的作用以及它前面的修饰语等来确定是什么词性,是应用比较级还是最高级.
(5)如果考查动词,要么考查在特定语境中动词词义的辨析,要么考查某些固定搭配或时态、语态以及非谓语动词形式等.
(6)若选项是连接词、关系词或连词,则应根据句子结构和上下文的意思决定是选择连接(关系)代词还是连接(关系)副词.也可从连词的一些惯用法或固定搭配等入手,如not.-until as.…as、not so…as或用because不用so、用but不用though等.
4.复核全文,清除疏漏所有的答案选出之后,应再次通读全文,对所选的答案进行核实调整,经过第三步的逐句推敲之后,对短文内容的理解更为深刻,最初选择时有些难解或误解的问题这时就很容易判断,从而也就能得到更好的解决.这一步费时不多却很有必要.【注意事项】
1.重视首尾句完形填空所选的短文一般无标题,但首句通常不设空格,它很可能是文章开篇的重要交代,为预测短文体裁及全文大意提供重要信息、.尾句往往是段落的灵魂.首尾句往往是文章的主题句,在主题句中,一般可能出现文章的背景知识,故事性文章的时间、地点、人物、事件等,抓住并理解主题句对统观全文有很大的帮助.
2.先易后难首先做那些只要根据上下文就能确定答案的直接的、明显的题目,即考查固定词组、常见句型或明显的语法结构等的题目.对于生疏的人名、地名以及次要的修饰词可暂时搁置一旁,这些东西往往纷杂、累赘,甚至令人厌烦,可尽量绕开它们.假如某个空格太难而一时拿不准选哪一个,可先把它放在一边进行“冷却”,把容易做的全部做好,这样就增强了信心,同时也降低了试题的难度,原来的难题也就不攻自破了.
3.巧断生词如果句子中有个别生词,要通过上下文或构词法知识来推断它的词义.”熟词新义”的情况有时也会碰到,要注意灵活处理.有时,生词对解题根本没什么影响,所以碰到生词大可不必紧张.
4.以长补短,灵活作答有的同学英语背景知识丰富,有的语感好,有的语法知识比较扎实,有的逻辑推理能力较Many peopleargue thatwhile smartphonesare powerfultools,theyaremaking peopledepend onthem.Why wouldapersonneed tolearn toread amap whenhe cansimply askhis phonea questionWho needstolearnmaths whenyou haveexcellent calculatingpower inyour pocketat alltimesWhat reasonis thereto memorizefactsabouthistory.art orgeography whenthat informationcan befoundontheInternetThese arejust someofthequestions beingasked andanswered whensmartphonesarestill widelyused.Like anytechnology,smartphones havetheir advantagesbut theydo havedisadvantages aswell thatwe mustkeep oureyes on.1Which ofthe followingis NOTthe reasonwhy manydevices arebecoming outof dateABecause theyonlyhaveonefunctionB.Because smartphonesare verypowerful.C.Becausetheymake peopledepend onthem.D.Because peoplewould rathercarryonedevice.2The authorwant totell usinparagraph
3.A.why peopledepend onsmartphones B.what peoplecan dowith smartphonesC.how smartphonetake theplace ofcomputers D.what problemspeople havewith smartphones3What canwe inferfrom thisarticle APeoplecanfinishalltheirworkwithsmartphones.B.We wontneed tolearn factsabouthistory,art orgeography.C.Todays smartphonesare muchmorepowerfulthan computers.D.People shouldpayattentiontothedisadvantage ofsmartphones.
4.2020秋•海珠区期末In thepast1,000days,Zhu Liweihas takenmorethan1,000photos ofpeoplereadingbooksonthesubwayin Chinascapital.Zhusaysthe photosare ananswer toher question,Are therestill peoplereading paperbooks TheprojectstartedonedayinFebruary2018,when Zhutookthefirst photowithherphone ofpeoplereadingunderground.lt showedayoungman readingZen andthe Artof强.总之要充分发挥自己的特长,以长补短,灵活作答,综合判断.
5.充满信心,集中精力答题时头脑中切忌出现自己“解不出””做不完心看不懂”等坏信号.集中精力可使答题一气呵成,既有利于答题效率的提高,又能保证答题的准确性.【解题方法】
1、利用语境及逻辑关系解题完形填空的文章结构严谨,层次分明,句子与句子之间、段落与段落之间、上文与下文之间的逻辑关系很强.有些选项,不仅要符合语法的要求,更要符合语境及逻辑关系.如(2018盐城)1have hada longcareer asa nurse.I havemet manypatients.28I havenevermetanothergirllikeKaty.
28.A.Instead B.Besides C.Therefore D.However Instead代替;而不是,替代关系;Besides除此之外,递进关系;Therefore因此,因果关系However然而,转折关系.根据上文I havemanypatients.”以及下文1havenevermetanothergirllikeKaty”根据前后的逻辑关系,此处为转折关系,表示虽然见过很多病人,但是从没见过像Katy这样的女孩.这样就选出答案D项.
2、利用固定搭配解题完形填空题中对词汇知识的考查主要体现在习惯用法和同义词、近义词的辨析两方面.习惯用法是英语中某种固定的结构形态,不能随意改动.所以,考生平时应掌握好习惯用法.对词义辨析题的考查有加大力度的趋势.要做好这类题,需要有较大的词汇量、掌握词语搭配知识并具有词语辨析的能力,特别是在特定的语境中能灵活运用的能力.如(2018扬州)For acouple ofdays afterward,Max25a newtitle forme.
25.A.worked outB.turned outC.carried outD.tried outwork out意为得出;turn out意为结果是“;carry out意为执行;try out意为“尝试”,符合句意”后来的几天,马克斯试图用新头衔称呼我.”所以此题只要对这些短语加以辨析就能找到答案B.
3、利用上下文或复现信息解题语篇复现的信息包括原词复现、同义词和反义词复现、上义词和下义词复现、概括词复现、释义复现、代词复现等.因此,利用上下文寻找复现信息能帮助考生尽快确定答案.(2017南通)Just ashe hadthrown downhis wood,he heardhis mothersweak voicefrom herbedroom.1am29,and longingforsometea.”
29.A.thirsty B.hungry C.sleepy D.busy四个备选选项都能作表语,语法上没有错误,但如果读到后一句的longingforsometea,就能通过这种释义复现的方式看出妈妈要喝水,口渴的,这样就能选出答案A.
4、利用背景及常识解题完形填空试题正朝着语言交际化、情景生活化、词汇运用灵活化的方向发展,语言运用与情景交际融为一体.因此解题时,考生的英语语言知识和其他方面的知识都发挥着重要的作用.考生可充分对自己已掌握的文化背景、社会经验及生活常识巧妙地加以运用,这样将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程,节省宝贵的时间,顺利地沿作者的思路阅读下去.如2018泰州Last autumn,my80-year-old grandmotherwas havingproblems withher heart.My familysent hertothe16After acareful examination,a famousdoctor toldmy grandmother,n Youhave sucha17heart conditionthatyoushould havean operation.”
16.A.park B.hotel C.restaurant D.hospital
17.A.wonderful B.serious C.difficult D.proper这两个小题都可以利用生活常识来解题.一般来说,人们身体出现问题,都送去医院,hospital符合题意;而奶奶需要一台手术,证明心脏病情是严重的,serious符合题意.因此,只要对备选选项的词义有基本的了解•,答案就很容易选出.总之,考生要在读-填-读”的过程中遵循以下方针抓住首句,跳过空格,通读全文,掌握大意;理解词义,瞻前顾后,先易后难,逐个突破;重读全文,个个审核,验证答案,战胜自我.
3.人物故事类阅读【考查类型】1阅读理解考查类型
1.主旨大意
2.文中细节
3.词义猜测
4.推理判断.2文中细节的考查类型
1.直接信息题
2.间接信息题
3.综合信息题.【解题方法】
1.直接信息题直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息,选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目.
2.间接信息题间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息,但在语言表达上与原文有差异,做题时需要对原文信息进行转换.
3.综合信息题综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话,可能是原文的几句话,或者是散落在文章不同的地方,要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析,而不能断章起义.【常见的提问方式】
1.According tothe passage,who/what/where/which/when/why/how,etc.
2.Which ofthe followingis True/Not True/false/mentioned
3.Which ofthe followingis thecorrect accordingtothe passage
4.日常生活类阅读【考查类型】1阅读理解考查类型
1.主旨大意
2.文中细节
3.词义猜测
4.推理判断.2文中细节的考查类型
1.直接信息题
2.间接信息题
3.综合信息题.【解题方法】
1.直接信息题直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息,选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目.
2.间接信息题间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息,但在语言表达上与原文有差异,做题时需要对原文信息进行转换.
3.综合信息题综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话,可能是原文的几句话,或者是散落在文章不同的地方,要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析,而不能断章起义.【常见的提问方式】
1.According tothe passage,who/what/where/which/when/why/how,etc.
2.Which ofthe followingis True/Not True/false/mentioned
3.Which ofthe followingis thecorrect accordingtothepassage
5.选句补全短文【考查能力介绍】
①选句补全短文即短文还原,要求考生把所给选项中的句子还原到文中相对应的空白处,设空位置一般为三种段首、段尾和段中,以段中设空居多.
②这类题型最常见的体裁是记叙文,近年来各地对说明文和议论文等都有所涉及.该题型要求考生了解常见写作顺序,关注段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系,主要为并列、转折、因果关系及其它关系.复习方法点拨
①坚持每天阅读英语文章,保证一定的阅读量以培养语感;
②在保证阅读量的基础上限制阅读时间,提高阅读速度;
③多积累词汇知识,打好基础;
④坚持复习语法知识和惯用法知识,提高自己的理解能力.【解题方法点拨】
①通读全文,了解文章大意;
②细读五个选项,找出和文章相对应的关键词,分析选项间的逻辑关系;
③根据文章整体结构、具体内容,结合关键词,选出最佳选项.
④将所选答案代入文中,再次通读全文,重点查看逻辑关系和关联结构是否合理.解题步骤以题为例Why shouldstudents play sportsSome peoplethink that students play sports in orderto get exercise.1But thatisnotenough.If studentsplay sports,they canget morethan healthybodies.Why
(2)Students who play sportsdo betterin school.
(3)But arecent studyhas shownthatstudentswhoplaysports getbetter scoresin schoolthan thosewho dont.Exercise getsstudents tolearn,remember thingsand concentrate(专心)better.
(4)When theyare working together withothers towin gamesand reachgoals,theyre learninghowtobe successfulin practice.And theseskills willbe usefulto themfor studyor theirfuture work.Playing sportscan alsoimprove confidence.Students whoplaysportsfeel betterabout themselves.When theyknow theycan improveand reachtheir goalsby practicing,
(5)And sportscan alsohelp themcommunicate withothers activelyand makenew friends.Now,how aboutgoing out to playsports with your friendseverydayA・it buildstheir confidence.B・Here arethree morereasons.C・Some studentslike playingbasketball.D.Others thinkit canhelp studentshave fun.E.Some peoplethink thatdoing exercisewill takeup(占据)students1study here.F.Students whoplaysportsdevelop theirteamwork spiritsand learnproblem-solving skills.这是一道6选5的选句补全短文题.在答题时,我们要先细读选项确定各个选项的意思,心里有个初步概念.第二步我们要通读全文,在通读过程中就可以考虑选项位置.第三步需要先易后难来确定答案根据设空处
(5)前面是逗点,可知其后并不是个大写字母开头的句子,只有A项合适;
(1)空处前面有some正好可与others形成惯用法,some•••others…,可选D项;
(2)空前有问句why,可找其对应词reasons,选B;
(3)处可下文中的转折关系推知此处是说做运动不好的地方,只有E项符合题意;
(4)是段首设空,可能是段落中心句,根据后文中workingtogether对应选项F中的teamwork spirits,be successfulin practice对应选项F中problem-solving skills可知应选F.答题的最后一步,我们需要回读文章确定答案是否正确.【解题技巧】
①抓住过渡词,看住上下句;盯紧横线的前后词语.
②如果问题设在段首,有以下三种情况A.通常是段落的主题句,需认真阅读后文内容,根据段落一致性原则,查找相关的词,推断出主题句;B.与后文是并列,转折,因果关系等;段落间的过渡句,这时要瞻前顾后找启示,结合上下文看所选的答案是否将两段内容连贯起来.
③如果问题设在段尾,需要考虑A.空白前的一句或两句是重点语句,重点阅读以锁定关键词;B.通常是结论,概括性语句;C.与前文是转折或对比关系,此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折对比的关联词;D.与前文是并列或排比关系,根据段落一致性原则,在原文和选项中找到相关的特征词;E.所选答案是引出下一段的内容;如果第一段的段尾是空白,要认真阅读,看此处是细节还是主题.【中考命题方向】选句补全短文是中考中的常见题型之一,近年来题目难度也有所增大.考查方式上常见的有7选5,5选5,也有些省份甚至从句子还原升级到了段落还原.这就要求考生在平时要加大阅读量,培养一定的语感,在平时练习时总结出合适自己的答题技能,以不变应万变.
6.首字母阅读填空【考查能力介绍】
①首字母阅读填空常要求考生根据短文意思和所提供的首字母,写出一个完整、正确由能使短文通顺的单词.
②首字母阅读填空考查范围极广,是完型填空式中考试卷中最难的题型,最能测量考生实际运用语言的能力.它要求考生要有较强的语感,善于体会上下文的内在联系,还要有扎实的语言知识储备和较大的词汇量.
③该题的考查重点是名词、动词、形容词、副词和代词这儿大词类.【解题方法点拨】做首字母阅读填空题,我们需要在自身知识积累足够的基础上,掌握一定的方法,以便快速准确地答题.
①通读全文,跳过空格,了解全文大意;
②结合所给首字母,综合考虑,初步确定答案;
③仔细推敲,注意词形的变化,从词法、句法、惯用法等方面考虑答案的准确性;
④复读全文,确保填入的词既能使句意通顺,又能做到语法、用词搭配的正确,避免不必要的失分.解题步骤(以题为例)Once,therewasa littlegrey planet.People livingon ithadnt looked after itwell.1A theyhad excellentinventions andspaceships beyondour imagination,they madethe planet2f ofrubbish andpollution.As aresult there were noplants or3a left.One day,alittleboy waswalking onthe4p.When hepassed acave山洞,he noticedasmallred5f init.The flowerwas sickand almostdying.The boy6ditout carefullywith itsroot andsome soil.Then hetried to find somewhereto plantit,but hefailed.He lookedup inthe skyand hefound the7m.He thoughtthe flowermight grow8w onthe moon.So heclimbed intoa spaceshipwiththe flower and9f tothe moon.He grewthefloweronthe moon andtookcareof iteveryday.Soon the flowers spread all over the moonandthemoon was10c withred flowers.When alltheflowerscome out,themoonlooks11,like awarning light.If wedont look12a ourearth carefully,the daywill comewhen flowerswill onlybe ableto growonthemoon.这是2018年咸宁的最新中考题,解题时要先通读全文,可以根据语境推知1以首字母A开头的复合句前后是转折关系,应该用连词Although;2考查固定搭配,be fullof;3以a开头和plants植物并列,很容易就能联想到是说动物,根据plants可知要用复数形式,animals;45711需要联系上下文从文中寻得答案,是送分题;6可根据语境得知是要挖出花儿,用动词dig,涉及到动词就需要考虑时态,上下文都是一般过去时,这里也需要用过去式dug;8以w开头用以修饰动词grow的,根据语境可知要用well;9根据提示词spaceship和首字母f可知应该是要飞向月球,同样用过去式flew;10根据spread alloverthemoon可以知道月球上被红花所覆盖,用固定搭配be coveredwith;11根据语境和首字母a可知此处要用after来组成词组look after.题目做完之后,把答案代入题中凭语感就可判断处答案正确与否.【中考命题方向】首字母填空类短文题是近几年各省、市题经常采用的题型之一.从近几年的考题来看,首字母填空题所考查的单词涉及的词性范围较广,各大词类几乎都有涉及.所设文章短小、精致,体裁不一,题材丰富,内容通俗易懂,与现代生活紧密相关,可读性、趣味性强,符合初中生的认知特点.
7.语法选择
8.汉译英【概念】汉译英就是将汉语按照英语的表达方式表达出来.【解题方法指导】
1.适当增减增减词是口译最常考的基本技巧.由于英汉两门语言语法上和表达习惯上的巨大差别,英汉互译经常要进行词的增减.但在考试中,很多考生对原文力求字字对应,生怕与原文结构不一致,这样翻译出来的文章,导致翻译出来的文章表达生硬拗口,不够流畅.实际上,英语当中很多词只是语法,在汉译英时则会导致中式英语,表达不够地道.例他意识到美国人几乎无法避免购买中国制造的产品.He realizedthat Americanscan hardlyavoid productsin China.考点汉译英.句子翻译分析He realizedthat Americanscan hardlyavoid buyingproducts made in China.解答购买buy,避免做某事avoid doingsth.制造make,madeinChina,过去分词短语作定语.故答案为buying,made.点评汉译英是基础题,需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等,来选择合适的单词或者短语,按照适当的语序来翻译.
2.清楚英语和汉语拥有不同的特点,然后在翻译针对不同的特点采用相应的技巧.
①英语重结构,汉语重语义
②英语多长句,汉语多短句
③英语多从句,汉语多分句英语句子不仅可以在简单句中使用很长的修饰语使句子变长,同时也可以用从句使句子变复杂,而这些从句往往通过从句引导词与主句或其它从句连接,整个句子尽管表面上看错综复杂却是一个整体.汉语本来就喜欢用短句,加上表达结构相对松散,英语句子中的从句翻成汉语时往往成了一些分句.
④主语,宾语等名词成分”英语多代词,汉语多名词”在句子中,英语多用名词和介词,汉语多用动词.英语不仅有we、you、he、they等人称代词,而且还有that、which之类的关系代词,在长而复杂的句子,为了使句子结构正确、语义清楚,同时避免表达上的重复,英语往往使用很多代词.汉语虽然也有代词,但由于结构相对松散、句子相对较短,汉语里不能使用太多的代词,使用名词往往使语义更加清楚.
⑥英语多被动,汉语多主动英语比较喜欢用被动语态,科技英语尤其如此.汉语虽然也有”被”、“由”之类的词表示动作是被动的,但这种表达远没有英语的被动语态那么常见,因此,英语中的被动在汉译中往往成了主动.【中考命题方向】中考英语试题常考查一些重点的句型,短语,这些是考查的重点.
9.图表作文【概念】图表类写作题一向是中考书面表达中的难点.它不像看图叙事和提示作文那样直观明了,文体多以说明文和议论文为主.考查时要求同学们根据所给的图表、数据等进行分析、研究,阅读其中的文字和说明,弄清各种信息之间的关系,提炼要点,然后组织语言进行写作,必要时还要加入作者自己的观点.和看图叙事不同的是,写图表作文时对图表和数据内容不必全部描述,只需重点引用能支持观点的一些数据.分析图表时切不可凭空想象,要善于抓住总的规律和趋势.时态方面除特定的时间用过去时外,常用一般现在时.【结构】图表作文的结构通常是三段式第一段分析图表中的数据变化反映出的问题或趋势,简要概述图表所揭示的信息.第二段分析原因.第三段提出解决问题的办法或建议.【考查形式】
1.调查图如2006年河南试验区中考卷关于“学生吸烟情况”的调查图,2005年包头市关于学生视力下降原因的调查;
2.表格如2006年盐城中考卷根据表格设计宣传单饼提出给驾驶员和行人的2条建议;2005年大连中考卷关于班级去年今年情况对比的表格等;2005年哈尔滨中考关于压岁钱的使用情况表.
3.柱图如2006年青海中考卷关于”学生上网目的”的调查.【写作方法指导】
一、写作图表作文时应该注意的几个方面
1.要对图表作简要的主题介绍.
2.切忌不加详细分析、罗列数字.要进行横向、纵向的比较,寻找规律性的信息,通过计算找出部分与整体、部分与部分之间的关系,如增减的绝对数字、百分比、分数或倍数等.
3.分析原因,寻找规律,把握主题.4根据分析所得信息得出结论.
二、写作过程仔细审题永远是写作中最重要的部分.认真分析图表的含义,弄清图表中所含的信息及不同信息间的关系,整理要点.图表作文的结构通常是三段式第一段分析图表中的数据变化反映出的问题或趋势,简要概述图表所揭示的信息.第二段是解释原因的段落,一般要用到一些过渡句.第三段提出解决问题的办法或建议.写作时注意直截了当、尽快入题,适当加入自己的议论,力争做到观点明确,不要拐弯抹角,拖泥带水,使人读后一头雾水.
三、注意事项文章应包括图表所示内容,但不是全部写到;叙述调查结果时要避免重复使用百分比;最重要的是要有表明自己观点的句子.书写要规范,包括大小写、标点符号等.写作之后还要注意认真检查,改正错误.【写作举例】英语课上老师让同学们讨论网上购物的利与弊,根据你们组的讨论结果,请你做代表发言.要求
1.语言流畅、规范;
2.包含提示内容,并适当发挥;
3.词数80左右.禾1」advantages弊disadvantages方便;24小时营业;不用排队看不见物品;不能享受和朋友一起购物的乐趣案例分析这是一篇提示性作文,要求答题者根据提示写出网上购物的利与弊.同时要联想出与MotorcycleMaintenancecarefully.I amabooklover andIwasinterested inwhat booksare beingread byothers onthetrain,she says.H When I startedto payattentiontopeople aroundme,I foundlike-minded subwayreaders.n Zhuhas beenphotographing peoplereadingbooksonthesubway eversince.After thefirst fourmonths,she postedaround100photos onan onlinealbum whichshe titledReaders onthe BeijingSubway.Zhu alsocreated abook listofsubwayreading,which nowincludes183novels suchas TheThree-Body Problemand TheDreamoftheRedChamber,359nonfiction booksin humannature,social sciencesand lifestyle;123self helpbooks;and preparationbooks fordifferent exams.And thelist continuesto grow.“No matterwhat theyare reading,the booksin theirhands seemtobeshining withlight,nZhusays.n Itattractsmetotakepictures.n InZhu*smorethan twoyears ofphotographing subwayreaders,she hasmet differentkinds ofreaders.Once itwaslateand fewpassengers wereonthetrain.Zhu foundan oldman holdinga magnifyingglass toreadabook.She tooka photoofthebook andposted iton Weibo.A friendtold herthebookwas bya popularJapanese novelist,Osamu Dazai.WhenIdont knowthe booksname,I willpost thepicture onmy Weibo,andthereis alwayssomeone whoknows,shesays.n Thereare alwayspeople whohave readbooks thatyou havent.Some peoplewere inspiredby Zhuand suggestedthat shetook photos ofreadersonthesubways ofother cities---maybe Shanghai,Hangzhou orGuangzhou.Zhu likedthe ideaand saidshe willmake theonline photoalbum anopen spacefor peoplein anothercity whois interestedto postphotosofsubwayreaders.1Where didZhu starther projectA.In Beijing.B.In Shanghai.C.In Hangzhou.D.In Guangzhou.advantages有关的词语convenience,open24hours aday,do notqueue;以及与disadvantages有关的词语cant see the products,cant enjoy walking around the shopswith yourfriends作为一篇短文,除了写出提示词所给的信息外,还要根据题意,在保证内容要点齐全的同时进行合理而又紧扣主题的发挥.范文Shopping onlineisanew wayof shopping.It hasmany advantages.It ismuchmoreconvenient.You canshop wheneveryou likeastheon-line shopsare open24hours aday,and youdo nothavetoqueue.Second,it isoften cheaper to buygoods overtheInternetandeasiertofindwhat youare lookingfor.Therearesome disadvantages,too.You cannotseetheproducts orcheck theirquality.Besides,you cannotenjoywalkingaroundtheshops,and talkingwithyourfriends.2Why didZhu starttotakephotosofreadersonthesubwayA.She sawtheir booksshining withlight.B.She wantedtoreadthe samebooks astheirs.C.She wasinterested inwhat theywere reading.D.She wantedto recommenduseful booksto readers.3Which ofthe followingis NOTone ofthe booksmentioned inthe articleA.TheThree-Body Problem.B.Readers onthe BeijingSubway.C.TheDreamoftheRedChamber.D.Zen andthe Artof MotorcycleMaintenance.4Zhu mentionedthe storyoftheoldmaninorderto showthat.A.thebookwasverypopular B.she hadreadthebook beforeC.old peopleliked readingonthetrain D.therewerelots ofpeople whoenjoy reading
5.2020秋•荔湾区期末In theearly1800s,thefirstelectric lightwas made.But therewasnogood waytogetelectricity intohomes.Two menbegan workingto developan electricgenerator发电机.One wasthe famousThomas Edison.The otherwasayoungmannamed NikolaTesta.Testa wasborn inCroatia in1856and movedto Americain
1884.He joinedThomas Edisonand workedwith himin Edisonscompany.Edison haddeveloped agenerator thatmade directcurrent-DC直流电.His generatorwas alreadylighting asmall areaof NewYork City.Testa helpedEdison makehis DCgenerator better.But hedidnotstay withEdison verylong.Testa thoughttherewasa betterwaytomake electricity.NikolaTestaknew moreabout electricitythan almostanyone.Testa didnot inventthe ACgenerator.But hebelieved alternatingcurrent-AC交流电,wasthebest wayto powerhomes.He wentto workfor alarge electriccompany.He developedAC generatorsto powerhomes andbusinesses.Teslawason hiswaytogreat success.Edison foughtagainst TeslasAC generatorsbecausehewas nothappy.He toldeveryone thatAC wouldkill people.Tt wastrue thatACwasmore dangerous.But DChad itsown problems.lt couldnot besent farfromthegenerator.AC,ontheother hand,could besent veryfar.Finally,Tesla won.The worldwould getpower fromAC generators.Nikola Teslawasagreat inventor,and becauseof hisinventions,nowthewhole worldhas electricity.1Which ofthe followingis NOTtrue aboutTesla A.He wasborn inAmerica.B.He didnot inventthe ACgenerator.C.He thoughtthatACwas betterthan DC.D.He haddifferent ideasabout electricityfrom Edison.2What isthe structureofthepassage3What doyou thinkof TeslaA.Humorous andresponsible.B.Smart andgentle.C.Hard-working andpurposeful.D.Strict andfaithful.4What isthebesttitle ofthis passageA.Tesla-The fatherof ModernTechnology B.The historyof electricityC.ACgeneratorsVS DCgenerators D.Edisonandhisfriend
6.(2020秋•天河区期末)My fatherwasalwaysdrunkandangry.He beatme everyday.He alwayslocked thedoor whenhe wentawayandkept thekey inhis pocket.One dayI foundan oldsaw(锯子)that hehid intheroof.WhenIwas aloneinthe house,I startedtomakea holewiththesaw onthe woodenfloor underthe bigtable.The nextday myfather said,Huck,go tothe riverand catchsome fishfor breakfast.Be quick!And donttry anything.Remember,Pm watchingyou!When myfatherwentto townthat afternoon,I gotmy sawand startedto workonthehole.It waslate afternoonwhenIfinishedmakingit.H Idid agood job,I thought,looking atthehole.n NowPll getmy fathersgun.”I lookedoutside thewindowandtherewasnobodythere.I quicklyclimbed outthroughthehole.Then Iran intothe woodsto hunta wildpig.To mygreat joy,I foundone.I shotit andtookitback tothehouseandletthe pigs bloodfallonthewoodenfloorofthehouse.Then Ipulled someof myhair outand putitonmy fathersaxe(斧子)withsomeofthe pigsblood.I tookthepigsbody outsideand putit inabigbag withsome rocks,and threwit intothe river.This waypeople willthinkA!H Ithought.Theyll comeandlookformybodyintheriver.n Thisideamademesmile.I waiteduntil itwas darkand gotintotheboat andwenttoJacksons Island.!knewaboutJacksons IslandbecauseTom,Ben,Joe andI hadalotoffunadventuresthere.-Adapted fromThe Adventuresof HuckleberryFinn byMark Twain1Whats thecorrect orderofthefollowing
①Huck founda boatwhen fishing.
②Huck discovereda sawintheroof.
③Huck finishedmaking thehole.
④Huck killeda wildpig.
⑤Huck setouttoJacksons Island.@Huck cameoutofthehouse.A.
⑥①③②⑤④B.
②③①⑥④⑤C.
②①③⑥④⑤D.
③①②⑥⑤④2Which ofthefollowingisthebest tofill inthe”▲W A.myfatherwentawayandImsad B.thepigsbloodismineandIm deadC.I killedthe wildpig andIm braveD.my friendshelped meand Pmhappy3This timeHuck wenttoJacksonsIslandmainlybecausehewantedto.A.meet hisfriends B.lookfortreasure C.take anadventure D.get awayfrom hisfather4According tothepassage,what isHuck likeA.Adventurous andsmart.B.Creative andhonest.C.Brave butcareless.D.Funny butstupid.四.阅读填空共1小题
7.2019秋•番禺区期末Long longago,people couldntwrite andtheyhadno books.But theyhad stories.People learnedthe storiesby heartand taughtnew onesto oneanother.Sometimes itwashardto rememberthem all.1TheancientEgyptianswrotetheirstoriesonsomethingmadefrompapyrus纸莎草plants.People inother placeslearned touse papyrusfromtheEgyptians.
2.So parchment羊皮名氏later tookits place.In ancientChina bookslookedalittle different.People thereused inktowriteon bambooor silk.And thenthey inventedpaper.Paper waseasier andcheapertomake thanpapyrus andparchment.3PapermakinglaterspreadtotheWest,but therewasa。