还剩5页未读,继续阅读
文本内容:
2023年高考英语复习讲练测第15讲阅读理解七选五(练)A WhyDo WeFind ItHard toSay“No”?As weall know,saying noto othersis noteasy atall.But sometimeswe haveto learn to say no”.]Below arecommon reasonswhy peoplefind ithard to say no”:•2You are a kindsoul atheart.You dontwant toturn theperson awayand youwant to help whenpossible,even if it mayeat intoyour time.•Afraid ofbeing rude.I wasbrought upunder theidea thatsaying“no,especially topeople whoare older,is rude.This thinkingis commonin Asianculture,where facesaving isimportant.3•Wanting to be agreeable.You dontwant to alienate(疏远)yourself fromthe groupbecause yourenot inagreement.So youagree to others9requests.•Fear ofconflict.4This mightlead toan uglyconfrontation(面对).Even ifthere isnt,there mightbe disagreementwhich mightlead tobad effectsin the future.•5Perhaps youare worriedsaying no”means closingdoors.For example,one ofmy friends,wives wasasked towork in another departmentin hercompany.Since sheliked herteam,she didntwant togo.However,she didntwant to say no”as shefelt itwould affecther promotionchances in the future.A.Wanting to help others.B.Fear oflosing chances.C.Wanting tokeep agood relationship.D.I slowlyrealized Ineeded to learntosay“no”.E.You are afraid theperson mightbe angryif yourefuse him/her.F.It meansnot makingothers lookbad orlose face.G.To learntosayno”,we haveto firstunderstand whatsstopping usfrom it.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文文章主要说明了人们说“不”很困难的几点原因
1.G【解析】根据上文“As weall know,saying notoothersis noteasy atall.But sometimeswe havetolearntosayno.(我们都知道,对别人说,不,并不容易但有时我们必须学会说‘不)”以及后文“Below arecommon reasonswhy peoplefind ithard tosay“no”(以下是人们很难说,不,的常见原因)”可知,本句是在提出为什么说“不”很困难的问题,后文开始解释原因故G选项“要学会说,不我们首先要明白是什么阻止了我们这么做”符合语境,故选G
2.A[解析]根据后文“You arca kindsoul atheart.You dontwant toturn theperson awayand youwant tohelp whenpossible,even if it mayeat intoyour time.(你是一个心地善良的人你不想拒绝这个人,你想在可能的时候帮助他,即使这会占用你的时间)“可知,本段说明的原因是因为想要帮助别人,而无法拒绝别人故A选项“想要帮助别人”符合语境,故选A
3.F【角毕析】根据上文“•AfVaid ofbeing rude.I wasbrought upunder theidea thatsaying no,especially topeople whoare older,is rude.This thinkingis commonin Asianculture,where facesaving isimportant.(•害怕没礼貌我从小就认为说‘不,尤其是对年长的人说‘不是不礼貌的这种想法在亚洲文化中很常见,在亚洲,面子是很重要的广可知,上文提到亚洲人要面子,本句进行解释说明不要让别人难堪或丢脸故F选项“意思是不要让别人难堪或丢脸”符合语境,故选F
4.E【解析】根据后文“This mightlead toan uglyconfrontation.Even ifthere isnt,there mightbe disagreementwhich mightlead tobad effectsin thefuture.(这可能会导致一场丑陋的对抗即使没有,也可能会有分歧,这可能会导致在未来不好的影响)”可知,本句是在说明拒绝别人可能会让别人生气,从而导致冲突和分歧,故E选项“你害怕如果你拒绝他/她,他/她可能会生气”符合语境,故选E
5.B【解析】根据后文“Perhaps youare worriedsaying nomeans closingdoors.For example,one ofmy friends9wives wasasked towork inanother departmentin hercompany.Since sheliked herteam,she didntwant togo.However,she didntwant tosaynoas shefelt itwould affecther promotionchances in thefuture.(也许你担,心说‘不意味着关上大门例如,我一个朋友的妻子被要求在她公司的另一个部门工作因为她喜欢她的团队,所以她不想去然而,她不想说‘不,因为她觉得这会影响她未来的晋升机会广可知,后文的例子表明说不的原因是因为害怕失去机会,故B选项“害怕失去机会“符合语境,故选B BHow Notto BeAwkward Notall ofus areoutgoing andready totake theworld bystorm.Many amongus areshy andmay evenfeel keptapart from others.This usuallyhappens whena person is stillin hisor herteen yearsand goingthrough thesocialization process.6Lets tryto findanswers tothe questions.Stay inshape anddress upwell Sometimes,awkwardness couldbe dueto beingoverweight.When youare largein size,you tendto getvery self-conscious So,in orderto avoidthis,get intothe habitof exercisingevery day7If youlook asif you have juststepped outof a1980s filmwhen actuallyit is2011,there isno doubtthat youare boundto feelawkward about yourself.Be optimisticAnother effectivetip on how notto feelawkward is to alwayskeep asmile onyour face.8On theother hand,a smiling,happy andpositive thinkperson isappreciated byeverybody So,smile whenyou meetacquaintances oreven strangers,say acheerful Hiand automaticallysome of your awkwardnesswill disappearcompletely!9This onereally helps.Awkwardness generallydevelops whena personremains isolatedfrom others.So,in orderto changethis situation,join groupsFor instance,if youare areading loverjoin a book club.Joining peoplein bookreading sessionsas wellas debateswill helpremove yourawkwardness.Choose anyactivity ofyour choice,such asplaying teamsports orjoining adance class,and soonyou willfind yourcomfort levelaround peopleincreasing dayby day!Develop yourpersonality Beingabook-worm oran Internetaddict willnot getyou anywhere.For self-improvement,take upa hobbythat addsmeaning toyour life.Learn singingor tryadventure sports.10A.Participate inTeam Activities.B,Learn how to enda conversation.C.Secondly,have appropriateclothes on.D.If youlook sad,nobody willactually likebeing withyou.E.Something assimple aslistening tomusic willdo wonderstoo.F.So,what cana persondo toovercome thistendency tobe awkwardG.Awkwardness couldbe because you donot have anything incommon totalk about.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文作者主要向我们描述了怎样使自己不笨拙不尴尬,并提出了几点建议,如保持体形注意穿着、乐观、参加团体活动、发展个性等
6.F【解析】标题How Notto BeAwkward”(如何不尴尬)和文章第一段“Many amongus areshy andmay evenfeel keptapartfrom others.(我们当中的许多人都很害羞,甚至可能感到与他人隔绝)可知很多人会害羞的心理,这个是引起标题所说的尴尬的原因下文说到“Lets tryto Endanswers tothe questions.(让我们试着找到问题的答案)标题和上文提到很多人有害羞的心理,会引起尴尬,下文引出解决问题的方法,可推知空处讲述的是如何克服这种尴尬的倾向故选F项
7.C【解析】根据本段标题“Stay inshape anddress upwell”(保持身材,好好打扮)可知需要保持体形,并穿着打扮好根据下文“If youlook asif youhave juststepped outof a1980s filmwhen actuallyit is2011,there isno doubtthat youare boundto feelawkward aboutyourself.”(如果你看起来像是刚从1980年代的电影中走出来,而实际上是2011年,那么毫无疑问,你一定会对自己感到尴尬)可知下文在谈不符合年代的穿着是多么尴尬可推知,空处讲的是要穿合适的衣服,承上启下故选C项
8.D【解析】根据标题“Be optimistic”(要乐观)可知本段中心思想就是要求我们要有乐观的心态本段最后一句是“a smiling,happy andpositive thinkpersonisappreciated byeverybody.(一个面带微笑,开心并积极思考的人会受到每个人的喜欢)可推知如果总是不开心,不乐观面对一切,没有人会喜欢你选D项
9.A[解析]根据第四段“This onereally helps.Awkwardness generallydevelops whena personremains isolatedfromothers.So,in orderto changethis situation,join groupsFor instance,if youare areading lover,join abook club.Joining peoplein bookreading sessionsas wellas debateswill helpremove yourawkwardness.Choose anyactivity ofyour choice,such asplaying teamsports orjoining adance class,and soonyou willfind yourcomfort levelaround peopleincreasing dayby day!^(这个真的很有帮助当一个人与他人保持孤立时,通常会产生尴尬所以,为了改变这种情况,加入团体例如,如果你是一个阅读爱好者,加入一个读书俱乐部与人们一起参加读书会和辩论会有助于消除你的尴尬选择您选择的任何活动,例如参加团队运动或参加舞蹈课,很快您就会发现自己与人相处的舒适度与日俱增!)可知本段主要呼吁人们要参加团队活动故选A项
10.E[解析]根据本段第二句For self-improvement,take upa hobbythat addsmeaning toyour life.(为了自我提升,培养一个为你的生活增添意义的爱好)可知为了提高自己,要开始一个爱好,这个爱好可以给你的生活带来很大的意义空处前面内容“Learn singingor tryadventure sports”(学习唱歌或尝试冒险运动)与E选项表达“有时候简单如听音乐这样的事情也会带来奇迹”属于并列的同类型的例子故选E项C Moreand morepeople areturning toa plant-based lifestyle.
11.It hasbeen showntohelpimprove overallhealth,prevent diseases,and increasewell-being andhappiness.Here aretwo tipsonhowto graduallymove intoplant-based living.Ease YourselfInto It
12.This isntnecessary andits toohard—its because theyre notgiving theirbody timeto easeinto it.If youvebeen eatingmeat daily(or almostdaily)fbr mostofyour life,then yourbodys going tobea bitconfused whenits suddenlynot gettingits regularfix ofmeat.The bestway isto graduallyreduce meatfrom yourdiet.If youeat meat3meals a day,drop itdown to2meals for a coupleof weeks.
13.After that,you canalternate(交替)between“meat days”and“non-meat days”,until yourecomfortable goinglong stretcheswithout eatingmeat.Make SureYoure GettingYour Nutrients(营养)If youregoingtobe plant-based,youhaveto domuch work.That meansfiguring outhowtodevelop mealplans thatallow you to getyour dailydoses ofproteins,fats,vitamins andminerals.You cantjust switchto eatinggreen saladsfor3meals aday andexpect tofeel good,becauseyouwont You,ll need to starteating avaried diet.Whole grains,like beansand legumes,as wellas soyfoods,can help you getyour dailyrequirements forprotein.14Thafs reallyall youneed toknow:make sure that youretaking iteasy andgiving yourbody timeto adapt,and make sure that youre gettingnecessary nutrients.15,youll beable toenjoy plant-based livingin notime.A.Once youhaveaclear ideaB.As longas youredoing thesetwo thingsC.These twonutrients aredifficult toget fromplants D.Next,bring itdown toa mealadayforafew weeksE.Healthy fatscan comefrom thingslike oliveoil andpeanuts F.The benefitsof aplant-based lifestyleare seeminglyendless G.A lotof peoplefail becausethey movestraight upinto aplant-based lifestyle【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文越来越多的人开始转向以植物为基础的生活方式短文介绍了关于如何逐步进入以植物为基础的生活方式的两个建议
11.F[解析]根据下文It hasbeen showntohelpimprove overallhealth,prevent diseases,and increasewell-being andhappiness.(它已被证明有助于改善整体健康,预防疾病,增加福祉和幸福)可知,选项承接下文说明以植物为基础的生活方式的好处有很多故F选项“以植物为基础的生活方式的好处似乎无穷无尽“切题故选F项
12.G【解析】根据标题“Ease YourselfInto It”(慢慢地融入其中)和下文“This isntnecessary andits toohard一its becausetheyre notgiving theirbody timeto easeinto it.(这是没有必要的,而且太难了------------这是因为他们没有给自己的身体时间来适应)可知,要慢慢地融入以植物为基础的生活方式,下文在解释上文人们未能进入以植物为基础的生活方式的原因故G选项“很多人失败是因为他们直接进入了以植物为基础的生活方式”切题故选G项
13.D【解析】根据上文“If youeat meat3meals aday,drop itdown to2meals fora coupleof weeks.”(如果你一天吃三顿饭,在接下来的几个星期里减少到两顿)可知,选项承接上文,说明饭顿数的减少情况故D选项“接下来,把它减少到每天一顿饭,持续几个星期”切题故选D项
14.E【解析】根据上文Whole grains,like beansand legumes,as wellas soyfoods,can help you getyour dailyrequirements forprotein『(全谷物,如豆类和豆科作物,以及大豆食品,可以帮助你获得每日所需的蛋白质)可知,选项与上文的“蛋白质的来源”为并列关系,说明健康脂肪的来源故E选项“健康的脂肪可以来自橄榄油和花生”切题故选E项
15.B[解析]根据上文Thats reallyall youneedtoknow:makesurethat youretaking iteasy andgiving yourbody timeto adapt,and makesurethatyoure gettingnecessary nutrients.(这就是你需要知道的全部确保你放松,给你的身体时间适应,并确保你获得必要的营养)以及下文“youll beable toenjoy plant-based livingin notime(你很快就能享受以植物为基础的生活方式)可知,选项承上启下,说明只有做了这两件事,才到享受以植物为基础的生活方式与下文为条件关系故B选项“只要你做了这两件事”切题故选B项D Were lucky to live inan age when the sum total of human knowledge ispretty availableat theclick ofa button.Weve neverhad accessto somuch information.16・So here are afew strategiesto sharpedyour critical thinking.Beware ofconfirmation prejudice.17・In repeatedexperiments,psychologists haveshown weremuch morelikely toaccept somethingas evidenceif itconfirms whatwe alreadythink weknow.And weremuch morelikely todiscount informationifitcontradicts ourviews,which willaffect ourability toprocess information.Acknowledge smalldifference.In life,most situationsare differentand complicated.Acknowledge thatcan enrichthe waythat weview theworld.For example,what colouris thesky Well,the obviousanswer isblue.But atsunrise orsunset,it can be red.On acold mistymorning,white orgrey.
18.Practise intellectualhumility(谦逊).One approachto,well,arguing,istolet goof theidea ofbeing“right”.Or atleast seriouslyconsider thatyou mightactually bewrong.19・Really tryto understandwhere theother personis comingfrom.Arguing isjust towaste somebodystime.
20.Its moreimportant thanever toknow whereyour informationis comingfrom.Engaging incritical thinkingisnt asftm aspicking upa pitchfork,or feelinglike yourefundamentally right.But inthe longrun,it leadstoamore curious,educated andharmonious society,which isthe biggestwin ofall.A.Avoid mistakesB.Check yoursources C.We allenjoy feelinglike wereright D.So payattention todifferences inmany situationsE.But notall ofwhafs outthere isquite whatit seemsF.So dontrush todecide,and beactively preparedto change your mindG.Putting yourself intheother personsshoes canlead tomuch moreproductive outcomes【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文主要介绍了增强批判性思维的几个策略
16.E[解析】上文Wereluckytoliveinanagewhenthesumtotalofhumanknowledge ispretty availableat theclick ofa button.(我们很幸运地生活在一个只需点击一个按钮就可以获得人类知识总量的时代户说明我们生活在一个信息量大而且信息获取非常容易的社会,以及下文“So hereareafew strategiesto sharpedyour critical thinking.(因此,这里有一些策略可以提高你的批判性思维广说明要采取策略提高批判性思维,E项“但并不是所有东西都和表面看起来一样”与上文构成转折关系,承接下文,符合题意故选E
17.C【解析】上文“Beware ofconfirmation prejudice.(谨防确认偏见)”说明要防止偏见,以及下文“In repeatedexperiments,psychologists haveshown weremuch morelikely toaccept somethingas evidenceifitconfirms whatwe alreadythink weknow.(在重复的实验中,心理学家表明,如果某件事证实了我们已经知道的东西,我们就更有可能接受它作为证据广说明对于已经知道的东西,我们就更可能接受它是对的,C项“我们都喜欢感觉自己是对的”引出下文,符合题意故选C
18.D【解析】上文“Acknowledge smalldifference.In life,most situationsare differentand complicated.Acknowledge thatcan enrichthe waythat weview theworld.(承认微小差异在生活中,大多数情况都是不同和复杂的承认这些可以丰富我们看待世界的方式)”说明要承认差异,D项中differences是关键词,D项“因此,请注意许多情况下的差异承接上文,符合题意故选D
19.G【解析】下文“Really tryto understandwhere theother personis comingfrom.(真正试着去理解其他人的想法)”说明要站在其他人的角度思考问题,G项中Putting yourself intheother personsshoes表示“设身处地为他人着想”,G项“设身处地为他人着想可以带来更富有成效的结果”引出下文,符合题意故选G
20.B【解析】下文Its moreimportant thanever toknow whereyour informationis comingfrom.(矢口道你的信息来自哪里比以往任何时候都重要户说明知道信息的来源是很重要的,B项“核实你的信息来源”引出下文,符合题意故选B EEver wonderwhy youget alongbetter withsome peopleover othersOr whomight becomeyour lifelongfriends orromantic partners
21.The sunnyperson Everheard ofthe sayingthatyouareamix ofyour fiveclosest friendsWhen yousurround yourselfwith sweetand caringpeople,you alsocatch theirpositive energy.
22.Just asresearch shows,positive thinkingcan increaseyour lifespan,strengthen yourimmune systemand reduceyour riskof developingheart diseases.The adventureseeker Whats life without a little adventure23:together youcan startjourneys thatchange your life forever.Not onlydoes beingadventurous reduceyour levelsof anxietyand depression,but itcan alsomake youmore intelligent.In addition,the newcultures,environments andexperiences cancause yourbrains tothink differently.The naturalpsychologist When youre havinga badday,its goodto havesomeone whounderstands you.Good listenersmake thebest friendsbecausetheyhave highemotional intelligence,read youwell andprovide authenticity(真诚).Often thesenatural psychologistswould liketo askyou some questions that help you think aboutyour problems.
24.25When yousurround yourselfwith peoplewho valuelogic andproblem-solving,they canencourage you to usecriticalthinkinginstead ofjust trappingyourselfinconflicts.If youre especially the type of person to depend on others to make you feel better,being aroundlogicians canhelp youbecome moreindependent andpractical.They willremind youthat workingthrough challengesis morerewarding thanpassively daydreaming.A.The enthusiasticlogician B.The manof actionC.Instead oftelling youwhat todo,they wouldrather guideyoutopotential solutionsD.Befriend someonewho isready tostep outof hiscomfort zoneand travel around E.People whoare positiveand optimisticcan actuallybenefit yourhealth F.Anyhow atleast hereare four types of people worthkeeping inyourlifeG.Just likerare preciousstones,good partnerscanbehard tofind【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文文章主要介绍了人生值得交的4种朋友
21.F【角星析】上文“Ever wonderwhy youget alongbetter withsome peopleover othersOr whomight becomeyour lifelongfriends orromantic partners(有没有想过为什么你和一些人相处得更好?或者谁会成为你一生的朋友或恋人?户提出问题谁会成为你一生的朋友或恋人该句有承上启下的功能F项“Anyhow atleast hereare fourtypes ofpeople worthkeeping inyourlife(无论如何,至少有四种类型的人值得留在你的生活中)”由Anyhow承接上文并引入文章即将要叙述的主题”…herearefourtypesofpeople”,同时该句具有过渡句的功能,引起下文故选F
22.E【解析】根据后——句“Just asresearch shows,positive thinkingcan increaseyour lifespan,strengthen yourimmune systemand reduceyour riskof developingheart diseases.(正如研究表明的那样,积极的思考可以延长你的寿命,增强你的免疫系统,降低你患心脏病的风险T可知,积极的思想可以延长寿命,增强免疫系统,降低患心脏病的风险该句是E选项“People whoare positiveand optimisticcan actuallybenefit yourhealth(积极乐观的人其实对你的健康有益户的支持论点故选Eo
23.D【解析】前文Whatslifewithoutalittleadventure(没有一点冒险的生活算什么?户中的adventure与D选项“Befriend someonewho isready tostep outof hiscomfort zoneand travelaround(和那些准备走出舒适区四处旅行的人做朋友)中的step outof hiscomfort zone”对应,后文“together youcan startjourneys thatchangeyourlife forever(你们可以一起开启改变人生的旅程)中的together youcan startjourneys”与选项中befriend someone...travelaround”对应故选Do
24.C【解析】前文“Often thesenatural psychologistswould liketo askyou somequestions thathelpyouthink aboutyour problems.(通常这些自然心理学家会问你一些问题,帮助你思考你的问题厂讲到通常这些自然心理学家会问你一些问题,帮助你思考你的问题,C选项“Instead oftelling youwhat todo,they wouldrather guideyoutopotential solutions(他们不会告诉你该做什么,而是会引导你找到潜在的解决方案)”与前句构成逻辑上的承接关系,并解释前句中somequestionsthathelpyouthinkaboutyourproblems”的作用和意义故选C项
25.A【解析】根据第一句Whenyousurround yourselfwith peoplewho valuelogic andproblem-solving,they canencourage youto usecriticalthinkinginstead ofjust trappingyourselfinconflicts.(当你周围的人者R重视逻辑和解决问题,他们可以鼓励你使用批判性思维,而不是让自己陷入冲突T和第二句的“Ifyou,reespeciallythetypeofpersontodependonotherstomakeyoufeelbetter,being aroundlogicians canhelpyoubecome moreindependent andpractical.(如果你是那种特别依赖别人来让自己感觉更好的人,和逻辑学家在一起可以帮助你变得更独立和实际)“可知,这样的朋友应为the enthusiasticlogician(狂热的逻辑思维者)所以A选项“狂热的逻辑思维者”为本段的标题故选Ao。