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1.1Reading andThinking基础知识自测I.单词拼写
1.Artemisinin is a ctreatment for malaria.答案crucial
2.In1967,the Chinesegovernment formeda teamof scientistswith theo ofdiscovering anew treatment formalaria.答案objective
3.Tu Youyousteam examinedover2,000old medicaltexts,and e280,000plants for their medicalproperties.答案evaluated
4.Using alower temperatureto drawout the extract,she founda sthat worked.答案substance
5.The team members eveni on testing the medicine on themselves to make sure that it was safe.答案:insisted
6.Every manin thisvillage isnow cto defendtheir country.答案committed
7.While workingthere,out of a strongp forknowledge,he continuedto study.答案passion
1.1n fact,Einstein oftene peopleon thestreet whowould stophim and ask himto helpexplain things.答案encountered
9.Apart fromhis rachievements,what doesthe passagetell us about Einsteinslife答案remarkable
10.Will youplease sup themain ideaof thearticle答案:sum
11.单句语法填空l.Mei Lanfangplayed akey rolebringing BeijingOpera to the world.
3.设空承接上句介绍toxic一词的来源，故E项“这个词来源于希腊语中的loxikon，意指，箭上的毒药二符合语境4根据空前一句According toOxfords research,we areusing toxicto describe everything from chemicals to relationship.”可知,G项“我们常使用这个词来描述深层次的东西，但通常是无伤大雅的”符合语境5根据空前引用诗人鲁米的话“话要说的更有道理，而不是提高音量毕竟是雨水滋润花朵生长,而不是雷鸣”可知，作者鼓励我们提高所用文字的力量，故D项“当我们的文字有力量时会有好事发生”，符合语境答案in解析句意:梅兰芳在把京剧带给世界方面起着重要作用play akey rolein在....方面起重要作用
2.He isstill widerememberedfor hisskill,his kindnessand hisdeep lovefor hiscountry.答案widely解析句意:他因为他的技巧、他的善良和他对国家深深的爱依旧被人们广泛铭记修饰动词用副词
3.2019•全国卷I改编嫉妒的as thecool kidsmay haveseemed,Dr.Prinstein9s studiesshow unpleasantconsequent.答案consequences解析句意:虽然酷酷的孩子们似乎让人羡慕，但是Prinstein博士的研究表明了不好的结果
4.2019•全国卷I改编The keyboardcould offera stronglayer ofsecurity byanalyzethings likethe forceof ausers typingand thetime betweenkey presses.答案analyzing解析:句意:通过分析用户打字的力度和敲击按键的间隔时间，该键盘就能给用户提供一道强有力的安全防护介词后用doingo
1.1t isindeed anhonour forChinas scienceresearch and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world.答案:scientific解析句意:这对中国的科学研究和中药的传播于世的确是一种荣耀修饰名词用形容词
6.There is nothing wecan doto helpLinda.Her circumstancesare ourcontrol.答案beyond解析句意:我们帮不了琳达她的情况超出了我们的控制beyond control超出控制
7.They founda medicinetextsuggesting usingtheextractfrom sweetwormwood totreat malaria.答案:medical解析句意:他们找到一篇医学文本建议使用青蒿提取物治疗疟疾修饰名词用形容词
8.The medicinewas testedon malaria patients,most ofrecovered.答案whom解析句意:这个药用在疟疾病人身上测试，大部分患者康复了“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句，先行词为人且在主句中做宾语，用whom
9.According Tu Youyou,the discoveryof artemisininwas a team effort.答案to解析句意:根据屠呦呦所说，青蒿素的发现是团队的努力
10.The result is aninteresting storyofa man drivento according to根据successand driventomakeperfect products.答案succeed解析句意:结果是关于一个人的有趣的故事，他被驱使着成功，被驱使着创造出完美的产品不定式符号to后用动词原形III.翻译句子L家庭基础对孩子的发展至关重要答案The familybase wascrucial tochildrens development.
2.你必须承认我们生活在一个发展中的社会答案You haveto acknowledgethat welive in a developingsociety.
3.显然，没有人注意到这个新的变化答案Apparently noone paidattention tothe newchange.
4.结果，我们不得不给菜浇水答案As aconsequence,we haveto watervegetables.
5.请用一句话总结文章大意答案Please sumup themain pointof thetext inone sentence.M课文语法填空Tu Youyou,a committedand patient]science,was bornin Ningboand2graduatefrom PekingUniversity MedicalSchool in
1955.In1967,the Chinesegovernment formedateamwith theobjective of3discovera newtreatmentformalaria andTu Youyouwas amongthe4oneresearchers chosen,5the beginning,she went to Hainanto studymalariapatients.In1969,she becamethe headof theproject inBeijing.Tus teamtested a6collectof driedwormwood leavesbut foundno effect.Using alower temperatureto drawout theextract,she founda substance7worked.TuYouyouand herteammemberseven insistedontestingthemedicineon8theyto makesurethatit wassafe.This9succeedproves thegreat valueof traditionalChinese medicine.lt isindeed10honour forChinas scientificresearchandChinesemedicineto bespreadaroundtheworld.
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10.______答案
1.scientist
2.graduated
3.discovering
4.first
5.In
6.collection
7.that/which
8.themselves
9.success lO.an解析1•句意:屠呦呦是一个尽心尽力且有耐心的科学家……scientist科学家
2.1955年发生的事用一般过去时
3.介词of后用动名词
4.定冠词the后用序数词
5.此处为固定短语,in thebeginning开始
6.冠词后用名词
7.定语从句中缺主语，先行词为事物,故用关系代词that/which
08.由句意可知，此处用反身代词themselveso
9.指示代词This后用名词
10.此处表泛指，在honour前用ano学科素养提升【.阅读理解（2019・山东济宁高一期考）At seventy-three,Marcia Pollocksfather wasamanof greatindependence andpride.The kidscalled himPoppy”,a namethat everybodyused.Poppy livedin hisold neighborhoodand he had a part-time jobat alocal（药房）.After Marciasmother died,Poppy firmlyrefused Marcia and Jacksinvitation tocome andlive with them.He wasstubborn about not crowdingtheir littlehouse,about notbecoming aburden.In fact,he wasalways helpful.The kidsloved himbecause helistened tothem andbecause healways broughtthem something.He alsobrought specialgifts toMarcia andJ ack,never arrivingempty-handed.And soit waswith shockand bewilderment（迷惑）that Marciawenttosee Poppyin thehospital thatsummer afterhehadfallen downin thestreet.The doctorsaid thatPoppy hadbeen livingon coffeeand doughnuts.Later thatday,the pharmacist（§l]yrp）told Marcia/He haspractically nomoney atall-just thegovernment chequeand whatlittle hemakes here.Yet Imyself sawhim spendmost ofhis lastcheque onyour littleboys bicycle.”She becamesteen withPoppy.Youre fbolish,PoppyJshe said.I havemy prideJPoppy answered/Talse pride/5she（斥责）back athim.During autumn,Poppy didntcome aroundas oftenas hehad in the past,but whenhe did,he wouldstill arrivewith littlegifts inhand.ThenJust beforethe holidays,Poppy told Marcia that he couldntvisit themat Christmasbecause hewould watchthe store,but Marciaknew theshop wasnot openat Christmas.She feltworried andcalled Poppy,telling himthat hewas one of themand thatthey allloved him.Half anhour beforethe turkeywent on the tableon ChristmasDay,Poppy came.The kidsrushed tohim andgave himmore hugsand kissesthan hehad everhad before.Poppy heldout hisarms toMarcia,and his hands wereempty-yet neverhad theybeen morefilled.
1.Which isPoppys reasonfor notliving withhis daughterA.He hadapart-time job.B.IIe wasstubborn sometimes.C.He likedliving independently.D.He didntwant tobecome aburden toher.答案D解析细节理解题根据第二段中“He wasstubborn aboutnot crowdingtheir littlehouse,aboutnotbecoming aburden.（他倔强地不去挤他们的小房子，不想成为他们的负担）可知,Poppy不和他女儿生活在一起的原因是他不想成为她的负担，故选D
2.Why wasMarcia puzzledafter hearingthe doctorswords A.She didnt know whohad knockedPoppy down.B.She thoughtPoppy hadenough moneyfor living.C.She wonderedhow totake careof himlater.D.She thoughtthe doctordidntknowhis livingconditions.答案B解析推理判断题根据第三段中“He alsobrought specialgifts toMarciaandJack,never arrivingempty-handed.和第四段中“Later thatday,the pharmacisttoldMarcia/He haspractically nomoney atall-just thegovernment chequeand whatlittle hemakes here.Yet Imyself sawhim spendmost ofhis lastcheque onyour littleboys bicycle.可知,Marcia认为自己的父亲有足够的钱生活,但当她得知父亲根本没有钱的时候，她很困惑，故选B
3.Which isclosest in meaning tothe underlinedword“stem”in Paragraph5A.Patient.B.Angry.C.Respectful.D.Afraid.答案B解析词义猜测题根据第五段中“False pride,the hurledback athim.（“错误的骄傲，”她斥责他）可知stern表示她对Poppy“很生气二stern意为“生气的patient有耐心的;angry生气的;respectful尊敬的;afraid害怕的故选B
4.Why doesthe authorsay thatPoppy9shandswere filledat lastA.Poppy learnedthat hewas loved.B.Poppy hadbrought enoughgifts before.C.Poppy stillheld hisindependence andpride.D.Poppy hadfound reasonsfor Marciasrudeness.答案A解析推理判断题根据最后一段中She feltworried andcalled Poppy,telling himthat hewas oneof themand thatthey allloved him.（她很担心，给Poppy打了电话，告诉他他是他们中的一员，他们都爰他）推断出，作者说Poppy的手最后被占满了是因为Poppy拥抱了女儿而且知道他被家人爰着，故选Ao B（2019辽宁抚顺高一联考）In NewYork,Ma Yunwitnessed theAlibaba Groupopening onthe NewYork stockexchange withthe largestinitial publicoffering（IPO首次公开募股）in Americanhistory.“Alibaba,the worldslargest Internetcommerce companymakes Chinaequal tothe USin therapidly increasingglobal competitionfor technologicalinnovation创新）and economictransformation/9commented theSouth ChinaMorning Post.It hasalso madeMa YunChinas richestman witha fortuneof around$25billion（153billion yuan）,reported Reuters.Its reportedthat Masrags-to-riches journeyis justas spectacularas hisInternet empire.Ma failedthe nationalcollege entranceexams twicebefore hewas finallyin HangzhouNormal Universityon histhird attemptand failedin findinga suitablejob severaltimes.Also,Mr Ma isabig believerin perseverance,which wasproved in his Englishstudy experience.Howeverjt washis vision and goalsthat launchedhis career.During ashort triptotheUS asan interpreterin1995,Ma firstexperienced theInternet.He believedintheInternets businesspotential whenfew otherChinese peopledid.He startedAlibaba inhis Hangzhouapartment,with17friends and$60,000of funds.At thetime,when e-commerce wasunheard ofin China.I calledmyself a blind man riding onthe backof blind tigers Jheonce said,according toThe Guardian.His unusualideas earnedhim thenickname“Crazy JackMa”.Indeed,Ma isdifferent.Although heis verythin andabout160cm tall/Ma isyet animatedand fbrceful/^said TheGuardian.He isfunny,creative,andaco〃力（弓|人）主目的）speaker.”Ma toldTime magazinethathewas oldfortheInternet.He startedto slowdown andlooked around.According toThe WallStreet Journal^AdL plansto opena taichi clubwiththeactor JetLi,build anentrepreneur（^^\^）umversity inHangzhou andcontinue towork onseveral environmentalprojects.
5.What madehim intoe-commerce industryA.His Englishlearning experience.B.His foresightand ambitions.C.His beliefin perseverance.D.His17friends and$60,000of funds.答案B解析推理判断题根据第四段“However,itwashis visionand goalsthat launchedhis career.5,以及第五段内容可推断,是马云的远见卓识使他开始了电子商务的历程
6.What doesthe underlinedsentence inParagraph5mean A.Maisablindmanridingonablindtiger.B.Ma hadno confidenceinhisbusiness future.C.Ma knewlittle aboute-commerce.D.Ma hadnot enoughmoney atthat time.答案C解析句意理解题根据画线句子的字面意思以及上文“when e-commerce wasunheard ofin China”可推断，马云当时对电子商务几乎不了解
7.Whats thepersonality ofMa Yunaccordingtothe passage A.Funny andcompetitive.
8.Determined andcreative.C.Rich anddifferent.D.Attractive andbelievable.答案B解析推理判断题根据倒数第三段内容并结合马云的创业经历可知，马云很有决心和毅力，并且很有创造性
9.Whats thebest titleof thepassageA.The Developmentof AlibabaGroup B.Ma YunsPersonal LifeC.Ma YunsCrazy SuccessD.E-commerce inChina答案C解析主旨大意题本文主要讲述马云如何获得成功的故事，因此C项最具概括性II.七选五（2020山东临沂高一质检）This isan excitingtime ofyear fora vocabularylover,
1.The wordisnotnecessary new.But it is trendingontheOxford English£ic〃o〃Q/7（OED）site,as wellas onsocial mediaand theInternet.
2.It sawan increaseof45%ontheOED sitethis year.Arguably,itisa farmore fascinatingword thanprevious winneryouthquake^^chiefly because“toxicTeflects howsingle wordscan expandand changeinmeaningover time.“Toxic”originated inthe mid-1600s asthe Latinword6€toxicus9\a deriuGive（派生词）of“toxicum\_
3.The wordremained assomething veryliteral untilthe20th century.With theemergence of“toxic wastewebecame awareof theimportance ofthe wordas itrelated toour environment.According toOxfords research,we areusing toxicto describeeverythingfromchemicalstorelationship,
4.As the word reveals,2018has notbeen themerriest forthe globalcommunity.However,there9sagood reasontobehopeful.lt showsthat atleast weare notignoring orhiding from the challenges.We seethe wordnot asa summaryto adepressing year,but asa signthat weare startingto acknowledgepersistent problemsinamore straightforwardway.“Raise yourwords,not yourvoice.ltisrain thatmakes theflowers grow,not thunder「wrote Rumi,oneofthe Islamicworlds greatestpoets inthe13th century.5Perhaps withnext year5s OxfordDictionary list,we willhave moreto celebrate—with flowersperhaps.
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5.A.The word of2018is toxic”B.Youthquake isa newly-created wordC.But itmight bea challengefor someonearound usD.Good thingscan happenas weincrease ourword powerE.which comesfromtheGreek“toxikon:meaning arrow-poison”F.because theOxford EnglishDictionary hasreleased itswordof2018G.Weve usedthewordtodescribeanything deeplybut ofteninvisibly harmful答案l.F
2.A
3.E
4.G
5.D解析
1.根据空前一句“对于一个词语爰好者来说，这是一个激动人心的时刻”和空后的“The word”可知,F项“因为《牛津英语词典》公布了2018年度词汇”符合语境
2.根据空后的“chiefly because10乂配时加工”可知,2018年的年度词汇为toxic,故A项正确。
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