405-教师资格考试大纲《英语学科知识与教学能力》（高级中学）

《英语学科知识与教学能力》（高级中学）

一、考试目标

1.英语学科知识与能力具有扎实的英语语言基础知识和语言能力；具备从事高中英语教学所需要的英语语言能力；能理解有关英语国家的语言、历史和文化等相关知识

2.英语学科教学知识与能力掌握外语教学基本理论、英语教学专业知识与国家英语课程标准内容等学科教学知识，并能用以指导高中英语教学

3.英语学科教学设计能力能够根据英语学科特点，针对高中学生的认知特点、语言水平和学习需要选择并设计合理的教学内容，形成完整合理的教学方案

4.英语学科教学实施能力理解高中英语课堂教学实施的基本原则和方法，具备实施语言课堂教学的基本能力；能够根据教学设计，结合教学实际情况，采用恰当的教学手段，引导学生进行有效学习

5.英语学科教学评价知识与能力了解高中英语课堂教学评价的基本知识和方法，能够对学生的语言学习进行恰当的评价；了解教学反思的基本方法和策略，能够对自己的课堂教学实践进行反思，提出改进的思路

二、考试模块内容与要求

（一）语言知识与能力

1.掌握英语语言的基础知识，了解语言学研究中与语言教学相关的基本概念和知识，并能在课堂教学中加以运用

2.具有良好的英语语言运用能力，包括用英语进行书面表达、获取教学资源和信息、表达思想情感和与学生良好沟通的能力；能够筛选并改编适合高中学生英语水平的语言材料

3.能在语篇中理解英语国家的语言、历史和文学等相关的社会文化知识

（二）语言教学知识与能力

1.了解外语教学基本理论，理解语言观、语言学习观、语言教学观等对高中英语教学的指导作用

2.理解国家颁布的英语学科课程标准的目标内容（语言技能、语言知识、情感态度、学习策略和文化意识），以及课程标准的其他相关知识，并能在教学设计与实施中运用

3.掌握英语语言知识（语音、词汇、语法、语篇等）的教学基本原则、讲解和练习方法

4.掌握英语语言技能（听、说、读、写）教学的基本原则和训练方法

5.能结合中外社会文化语境，设计并实施英语知识和技能的教学与训练

（三）教学设计

1.了解高中学生的认知特点、已有的英语知识、语言能力和学习需求，能够说明教学内容与学生已学知识之间的联系

2.理解课程标准的目标要求，能够根据学生的特点选择恰当的教学内容

3.能够根据教学内容和学生特点设定合理、明确与具体的教学目标

4.能够根据教学目标创设相应的教学情景，设计有效的教学活动，安排合理的教学过程，筛选适当的辅助教学材料

5.能够根据教学内容和教学过程，设计有效的学习评估活动

（四）教学实施与评价

1.掌握英语课堂教学的基本步骤与方法，能够创设教学情景，激发学习动机，引导学生参与语言学习活动

2.掌握指导学生学习的方法和策略，能依据英语学科和学生的特点，根据教学实际情况，恰当地运用语言讲解、练习、提问、反馈等方法，帮助学生有效学习

3.掌握课堂管理的基本方法，熟悉课堂活动的常用组织形式，能在教学活动中以学生为中心组织教学，能在课堂教学的不同阶段发挥教师的作用

4.掌握课堂总结的方法，能适时地对教学内容进行归纳、总结与评价，科学合理地布置作业

5.掌握基本的现代教育技术，能够针对不同的教学内容与教学目标，整合多种资源，选择恰当的辅助教学手段进行有效教学

6.了解形成性评价和终结性评价的知识与方法，并在高中英语教学中合理运用

7.了解教学案例评析的基本方法，能够对教学案例进行评价

8.了解教学反思的基本方法和策略，能够对自己的教学进行反思并提出改进思路

三、试卷结构模块比例题型语言知识与能力27%单项选择题语言教学知识27%单项选择题简答题教学设计27%教学设计题教学实施与评价19%教学情境分析题单项选择题约40%非选择合计100%题约60%

四、题型示例I.语言知识与能力

1.单项选择题语言知识1Thousands ofex-army officershave foundjobs inprivate securityfirms in the US.A.lucrative B.ludicrous C.longish D.lucky2The managerpersuaded theteam toplay thegame.What actuallyhappened accordingto thisstatement A.The managerplayed hard.B・The teamplayed hard.C.The teamactually didnot play.D・The manageractually didnot play.

2.单项选择题阅读理解Human beingsare anirritant to Mother Nature,and inspite of the factthat ittook theirbrains fivemillion yearsto evolve,She canrid Herselfof themin aninstant.This,however,may notbe necessary,since humansseem to be racingto seeif theycan saveHer thetrouble.They behaveso arrogantly,contending they are superiorto Nature.Rain forestsare beingcut downor burned-not onlypolluting the air butalso causinga dropin oxygenlevels.The loveaffair peoplehave withtheir automobiles,especially“gas hogSUVs,adds to the pollutants in theair andis,yet,another nailin theircoffins.Since prehistorictimes,humans have been stalkingand killinganimals,causing many,beginning withthe mastodon and saber-toothed tiger,to becomeextinct.Modern civilizationis rushingheadlong toslaughter animalsin wholesalelots,all thewhile tryingto proveits superioritytoMother Nature,usually withdisastrous results.For thousandsof years,humans alsohavebeendefacing theearth,making scarsupon theland.The throngsof peoplewho respondedto thelure ofgold inthe Yukontotally strippedmountainsides oftrees abovethe YukonRiver to make raftsin orderto sail500miles toDawson.Forty percentnever madeit!In thepopulated areasof theHimalayas very few treesremain sincethe citizenshave cutthem downfor cookingand heatingfires.With most of thetrees gone,erosion occursonalarge scale,washing awaymostof the topsoil,making foodproduction difficult.Even moredisturbing isthe factthat,due tolarge-scale cutting,the famouscedars ofLebanon,mentioned inthe Bible,no longerexist.Along the same lines,so muchof therain forestin Panamais beingdestroyed thatscientists arepredicting thePanama Canalcould fillwith silt,thus prohibitingships fromcrossing theisthmus,due to the effectsof deforestation.Deforestation anderosion,along withchanging weatherpatterns,have ledto thefastest-growing regionson this planet一deserts.All thewhile,populations areexploding worldwideand theproliferation ofdeserts meansthere isless arableland tofeed theincreasing number of people.Starvation ona massivescale willrun rampant,and whenevera notedecologist orenvironmentalist sendsout warningsabout suchdangers tohuman life,veryfewconsider givingup anyof theirconveniences.For instance,they insiston usingaerosols andtraveling one-to-a-car,thus addingtotheemissions,which causethe ozoneholes toexpand,leading tomore casesof skincancer-a viciouscycle,indeed.To makematters evenmore critical,global warmingis becomingan ever-increasing threattotheexistence ofhumans and animals.Polar icecapsare melting,and sections,the sizeofthestate ofRhode Island,are breakingoff.Traveling towardthe TemperateZones,they beginto melt,placing aninordinate amountof freshwater intothe oceansand causingan imbalance.Humans furthercomplicate theirlives byallowing businessesto releasepollutantsinurban areas,inthename ofprofit.“Accidents oftentake placeat refinerieswhere toxicfumes arereleased intotheairthat peopleandanimalsbreathe.Pesticides areso widelyused andpose sucha threatthat it is amazingall of them haventbeen banned.Governments,anxious toappease money-hungry corporationsand theirstockholders,have allowedtimber companiesinto NationalForests tocut virgin-growth trees.Most ofthese businessesclear cutvast areas and oftenwait aninordinate amountof timeto replant.Burning questionsnever cease:When willgovernments-local,state,and federal-corporations,and therest ofthe humanrace realizewhat ishappening tothisplanetWhen willthe racefor profitcease toconsume themPerhaps itwill comeabout whenthere is no landleft tofarm andfeed theburgeoning population,or thereisnoclean waterleft todrink,or wildlifeto balancethe ecosystem,or,more importantly,when theirchildren startdying.By thattime,however,it probablywill betoo late.

1.In Paragraph1「another nailin theircoffin“is similarin meaningto.A・a badluck B.going deadC.a blessingin disguiseD.going frombad toworse

2.The authorpurposefully capitalizesthe initialletters ofMotherNaturebecause A.the authoris clearlybeing sarcasticand suggestingthat humanbeings showno respectfor thenature B.the authorwants toemphasize thepoint thatnature,like ourmother,provides uswith nourishmentC.they areused hereasaproper nounpersonifying themight powerof natureD.theyarewords ofvery specialimportance

3.The authorimplies thattravelling one-to-a-car.A.is anenvironmentally-friendly traveloption B・should bediscouraged C.should beencouraged D.should bepunished n.语言教学知识与能力

1.单项选择题Which ofthe followingactivities belongsin communicativepractice A.Repeating sentencesthat theteacher says.B・Doing oralgrammar drills.C.Reading aloudpassages fromthe textbook.D.Giving instructionsso thatsomeone canuse anew machine.

2.简答题（中文作答）

（1）请辨析下列两个句子的不同点并解释原因Did youeat somethingthis eveningDid youeat anythingthis evening

（2）英语教师应该如何看待并处理学生的语言错误？请举例说明III.教学设计教学设计题:根据所提供的信息和语言素材进行教学设计,本题用英文作答请根据以下信息和语言素材进行教学设计，本题用英文作答设计任务阅读以下信息和语言素材假设你将利用此语言素材提高学生的阅读能力，请根据学生情况设计针对此素材的教学目标，以及实现该目标的课堂活动学生概况本班为中等城市普通学校高中一年级的学生，班级人数为40人多数学生已具备一定的英语语言能力学生能够积极参与课堂活动，合作意识较强教学时间45分钟教学设计需包括•教学目标；•教学步骤及设计意图；•教学活动方式、具体内容及设计意图；•教学时间规划；•学习评价语言素材（加粗单词为学生首次接触的词汇）The Roadto ModernEnglish Atthe endofthe16th century,above fiveto sevenmillion peoplespoke English.Nearly allofthemlived in England.Later inthe nextcentury,people fromEngland madevoyages toconquer otherparts ofthe worldand because of that,English begantobespoken inmany othercountries.Today,more peoplespeak Englishas theirfirst,second ora foreignlanguage thanever before.Native English speakers canunderstand eachother evenif theydont speakthesamekind of English.Look atthis example:British Betty:Would youlike tosee myflat AmericanAmy:Yes,Id liketo comeup toyour apartment.So whyhas Englishchanged overtime Actuallyall languageschange anddevelop whencultures meetand communicatewith eachother.At first,the Englishlanguage spokeninEnglandbetween aboutAD450and1150was verydifferent fromthe Englishspoken today.It wasbased moreon Germanthan the English wespeak atpresent.Then graduallybetween aboutAD800and1150,English becameless likeGerman becausethose whoruled Englandspoke firstDanish and later French.These newsettlers enrichedtheEnglishlanguage andespecially itsvocabulary.So bythe1600s Shakespearewas abletomakeuseofa widervocabulary thanever before.In1620some Britishsettlers movedto America.Later inthe18th centurysome Britishpeople weretaken toAustralia too.English beganto speakin bothcountries.Finally bythe19th centurythe languagewas settled.At thattime twobig changesin Englishspelling happened:first SamuelJohnson wrotehis dictionaryandlaterNoah Websterwrote TheAmerican Dictionaryof EnglishLanguage.The lattergave aseparate identityto AmericanEnglish Spelling.English nowis also spoken asa foreignor secondlanguage inSouth Asia.For example,India hasa verylarge numberof fluentEnglishspeakersbecause Britainruled Indiafrom1765to

1947.During thattime Englishbecame thelanguage forgovernment andeducation.English isalsospokenin Singaporeand Malaysiaand countriesin Africasuch asSouth Africa.Today thenumberofpeople learningEnglish inChina isincreasing rapidly.In fact,China mayhave thelargest numberofEnglishlearners.Will ChineseEnglish developits ownidentity Onlytime willtell.IV.教学实施与评价教学情景分析题根据题目要求进行教学分析，本题用中文作答以下片段选自某课堂实录片段中T指教师，S指学生请分析该教学片段并回答下列问题1学生在对话中的语言错误是什么？2教师采用什么方式来纠正学生的错误？效果如何？3教师还可以采用哪些方式纠错？请举例说明教学片段T:What didyour mumdo yesterday,Wang LinS:My mumbuyed thedress forme.T:Oh,that isnice,your mumbought itfor you,did sheS:Yes.T:Where didshe buyit S:She buyedit intown.T:Oh,she boughtit intown foryou.Well,itisvery nice.。