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托福听力做笔记效率如何提升托福听力做笔记效率如何提升有用缩写法让速记更给力,今日我给大家带来了托福听力做笔记效率如何提升,盼望能够关心到到大家,下面我就和大家共享,来观赏一下吧托福听力做笔记效率如何提升有用缩写法让速记更给力
一、缩略词英语当中缩略词使用的频率很高,如IMP:important,ASAP:as soon as possible0很明显假如能娴熟把握缩略词,会对考试大有裨、」rm o缩略词的写法一般为四种方式F拿掉全部元音MKT:market MGR:manager MSG:message STD:standard RCV:receive F保留前几个字母INFOinformation INSinsurance EXCHexchange I owe youIOU In stead of I/O F保留开头和结尾个发音字母WKweek RMroom PLpeople F依据发音Rare THOthough THRUthrough缩略词原词APTApartment ACCAccountant ACDGAccording ACPT:Accept ADAdvertisement ADSAddress ADVAdvice AMAPAs much/many Thisphoto enlargementhere is a life-size imageof anactual space suit wornby astronautson thelast spaceshuttle mission.这张放大的照片是个与实物大小一样的,一件真正的被宇航员在最近一次航天飞机任务中穿过的图像This partis thetorso.这个部分是躯干It smade ofseven extremelydurable layers.它是由七个极其耐用的层次制成的This thickinsulation protectsagainst temperatureextremes andradiation.这个厚厚的隔离层防备了极端温度和辐射Next iswhat theycall abladder ofoxygen thatsan inflatablesac,filled withoxygen,to simulateatmospheric pressure.下一个是所谓的氧气囊,那是一个可充气的囊,布满了氧气,用来模拟大气压强This bladderpresses againstthe bodywith the same forceas theEarths atmosphereat sealevel.这个囊状物压在皮肤上,带着同样的力气,就像地球空气在海平面上一样The innermostlayers provideliquid coolingand ventilation.最内层供应了液体冷却和通风设备Despite allthe layers,the suitis flexible,allowing freemovement sowe canwork.尽管有全部这些层,宇航服是有敏捷性的,允许自由运动,所以我们能够工作Another reallysophisticated partof the spacesuitis thehelmet.另一个特别简单的宇航服的部分是头盔I broughtone alongto showyou.Can Ihave avolunteer comeand demonstrate我带了一个过来展现给你们我能找个志愿者过来演示一下吗?托福听力练习对比文本Good evening.My nameis Pam Jones,and onbehalf of the ModernDance club,Id liketo welcomeyou totonights program.晚上好,我的名字叫PamJones,代表现代舞俱乐部,我想欢迎大家来到今晚的节目The clubis pleasedto presentthe TVversion ofThe Catherine Wheel,Twyla Tharpsrock ballet.本俱乐部很荣幸地介绍Catherine Wheel(凯萨琳车轮)的电视版,Twyla Tharp的摇滚芭蕾舞This videoversion of the ballethas beeneven moresuccessful withaudiences thanthe originaltheater production.这个芭蕾舞的视频版在观众中甚至已获得比原始的剧场作品更大的胜利It includessome animation,slow motion,and stop-action freezesthat reallyhelp theaudience understandthe dance.它包括了一些动画,慢动作,和静止动作等能真正关心观众理解舞蹈The titleofthepiece refersto Saint Catherine,who diedonawheel in307A.D.这个作品的名字指的是SaintCatherine(圣凯瑟琳),她于公元307年死于一个轮子上Nowadays,a Catherinewheel is also akind offirework.现如今,CatherineWheel也是一种烟火(转轮烟火)It lookssomething likea pinwheel.它看起来像某种转轮焰火Anyway,the danceis certainlyfull offireworks!不管怎样,该舞蹈的确布满了焰火!Youll seehow Twyla Tharp exploresone familysattempt toconfront theviolence inmodern life.你将会看到TwylaTharp是如何探究一个家庭在现代生活中面对暴力的尝试The centralsymbol ofthe workis apineapple,but exactlywhat itrepresents hasalways createda lotof controversy.作品的核心象征是一个菠萝,但是毕竟它代表了什么始终引起诸多争议As youwatch,see ifyou canfigure itout.当你们观看的时候,看看你们能否弄明白The musicfor thispiece isfull ofthe rhythmicenergy ofrock music.这篇作品的配乐布满了摇滚乐的节奏能量It wascomposed byDavid Byrne.由David Byrne作曲,Of therock bandTalking HeadsDavid Byrne貌似是来自摇滚乐队Talking HeadsAnd thelead dancerin thisversion wasSara Rudner,who isperfectly suitedto Tharpsadventurous choreography.这个版本的领舞是Sara Rudner,她完全适合Tharp的大胆的编舞Following thevideo,dance teacherMary Parkerwill leada discussionabout thesymbolism Ms.Tharp used.伴随着视频,舞蹈老师Mary Parker将会引导一个关于Ms.Tharp所用的象征主义的争论We hopeyou canstay forthat.我们盼望你们能够为此而留下So,enjoy tonightsvideo andthank youfor yoursupport.那么,享受今晚的视频,并且感谢大家的支持as possibleAMTAmount APVApprove ASAPAs soonas possibleBALBalance BLDGBuilding CERTCertificate CFMConform CNCLCancel CNFConference CMICommission CMPComplete CMPECompete/competitive CMUCommunication CONCConcern/concerning/concerned CONDCondition CO.Company DEPTDepartment DISCDeparture EXCHExchange EXPLNExplain EXTExtent FLTFinal FRTFreight FYRFor yourreference GDGood GUARGuarantee H.
0.Home officeINFOInformation IMPSImpossible IMPTImportant INCDInclude INDIVIndividual INSInsurance INTSTInterested I/OInsteadofIOUIoweyou IVOIn view of MANUFManufacture MDLModel MEMOMemorandum MGRManger MINMinimum MKTMarket MSGMessage NCRYNecessary NLTNo laterthan OBSObserve OBTObtain ORDOrdinary PATPatent PCPiece PKGPacking PLPeople PLSPlease POSNPosition POSSBLPossible PRODProduct QLTYQuality QUTYQuantity RCVReceive REFReference REGLRegular REPRepresentative RESNReservation RPTRepeat RESPONResponsible SECSection SITNSituation STDStandard TELTelephone TEMPTemporary TGMTelegraph THOThough TKSThanks TRDTrade TRFTraffic TTLTotal UYou URYour WKWeek WLWill WTWeight XLExtra large
二、字母、图像Z表示人people/person,由于Z看上去像个人头,它通常被写在一个词或符号的右上角例如日本人JZC表示政府,统Tngovernment,govern希腊字母C读/ga:ma/,近似government,所以就用C来表示govern,governmento governmentalofficial可以表示为CZ P表示政治politics,political希腊字母P读/pai/,近似politics,politicalo那么politician就可以表示为PZ E表示总数total,totally,entire,entirely,on thewhole,all inall,to sumup,ect.E数学符号表示总值G表示效率efficient,effective°G为效率符号Q表示通货膨胀inflation由于这个符号酷似一个上升的气球A表示农业agriculture,agriculture常常用到,所以用首字母代替B表示商业:businesso CX表示冲突,冲突conflict,confrontation CX中的X表示反对,字母C将反对的概念缩小为conflict和confrontationo W表示工作,职业work,employ等它是work的第一个字母所以WZ就可以用来表示worker,而W(Z在字母上方表示employer,在字母下方表示employee)o i表示工业industry,industrial字母i像只烟囱,所以用来可以用来表示工业U U看酷似一个酒杯,在笔记中表示合同、协议(treaty,agreement)一般只有在谈判胜利、协议成交后才会表示举杯庆贺假如在U内填入2X.X.X.X,就可以表示为bilateral(双边的),填入3表示为trilateral(三边的)填入在U中填入1表示Uni lateralism(单边主义),填入m(multiple)表示多边主义假如在U上加一个/X.X.X.义表示谈判裂开0表示国家、民族、领土等country,state,nation,etc.gO表示进口,0g表示出口这个符号酷似一把椅子,可以表示主持、主办chair,host,preside over那么在此符号上加Z表示主席,主持人chairman,host,etc.T表示领导人leader,head那么head ofgovernment,head ofcompany便可以表示为CT O圆圈表示一个圆桌,中间一点表示一盆花,这个符号就可以表示会议、开会等meeting,conference,negotiation,seminar,discussion,symposium k这个符号看上像条鱼,所以表示捕鱼业等合fishery有关的词汇0圆圈代表地球,横线表示赤道,所以这个符号就可以表示国际的、世界的、全球的等international,worldwide,global,universal,etc.J表示快乐pleasant,joyful,happy,excited,etc.L表示不满、生气unsatisfied,discomfort,angry,sad,etc.E0表示听至ll、总所周之as weall know,as isknown to all,as you have alreadyheard of,etc.0表示漠不关怀、无动于衷indifferent,apathetic,unconcern,dont caremuch,etc
三、数学符号+表示多many,lots of,a greatdeal of,a goodmany of,etc.+++2表示多的比较级more+3表示多的最高级most-表示少little,few,lack,in shortof/be inshortage ofetc.X表示错误、失误和坏的概念wrong/incorrect,something bad,notorious,negative,etc.表示多于概念bigger/larger/greater/more than/better than,etc.表示高概念:superior to,surpass,etc.表示少于概念less/smaller,etc.表示低概念inferior to,etc.=表示同等概念:means,that isto say,in otherwords,thesameas,be equalto,etc.表示对手概念a match,rival,competitor,counterpart,etc.表示在之「用:among,within,etc.W表示不同概念be differentfrom,etc.表示无敌概念matchless,peerless,etc.〜表示大约概念about/around,or so,approximately,etc./表示否定,消退等概念cross out,eliminate,etc.
四、标点等表示各种各样说的动词say,speak,talk,marks,announce,declare,etc.表示问题question,issue,例如:台湾问题tw.dot这个.点的位置不同表示的概念也不一样.d表示yesterday,.y表示last year,・2m表示two monthago y表示this year,y
2.two yearlaternext week,可以表示为wk.A表示转折V表示好的状态,right/good,f amous/well-known,etc.表示同意状态,stand upfor,support,agree withsb,certain/affirmative,etc.☆表示重要的状态important,exemplary模范的best,outstanding,brilliant,etc.n表示沟通状态exchange,mutual,etc.表示和,与and,together with,along with,accompany,along with,further more,etc.//表示结束:end,stop,halt,bring sthto astandstill/stop,etc.
五、较长单词的处理方法-ism简写为m例如socialism Sm-tion简简写为n例如standardization(标准化)stdn-cian简简写为o例如technician techo-ing简写为g例如marketing(市场营销)MKTg托福听力练习对比文本Welcome toEverglades NationalPark.欢迎来到Everglades国家公园The Evergladesisawatery plaincovered withsaw grassthats hometo numerousspecies ofplants andwildlife.Everglades是一个被锯齿草掩盖着的潮湿的平原,是很多种植物和野生动植物的家乡At oneand ahalf millionacres,its toobig to see itall today,but thistour willoffer youa goodsampling.由于150万英亩(大小),它太大了而不能今日都看完,但是这次旅行将会供应你一个好的样本Our tourbus willstop firstat Taylor Slough.我们的旅游巴士将首先停在TaylorSloughThis isa goodplace tostart becauseits hometo manyoftheplants andanimals typicallyassociated withthe Everglades.这是一个开头的好地方,由于这里是很多同Everglades有关系的动植物的家乡Youll seemany exoticbirds,and,of course,our worldfamous alligators.你将会见到很多奇异的鸟类,当然还有,我们世界著名的短吻鳄Dont worry,theres aboardwalk thatgoes acrossthe marsh,so youcan lookdown atthe animalsin thewater froma safedistance.不用担忧,有一条木板路穿过沼泽,所以你可以从一个平安的距离向下看动物The boardwalkis highenough togive youa greatview ofthe sawgrass prairie.木板路高到足以给你一个很棒的锯齿草大草原的景观From therewell headto someother marshyand evenjungle likeareas thatfeature wonderfultropical plantlife.从那里我们将去向另一些湿地乃至丛林似的以美妙的热带丛林植物为特色的区域For thoseof youwhod likea closerviewofthe sawgrass prairie,you mightconsider rentinga canoesometime duringyour visithere.对于你们谁喜爱锯齿草大草原近距离景观的,你们应当考虑在你们参观的期间租一个独木舟,_____Q07However,dont dothis unlessyouhavea verygood senseof directionand cannegotiate yourway throughtall grass.然而,别这么做,除非你有特别好的方向感,并且能够穿过长草找到你的路Wed hateto haveto comelooking foryou.我们痛恨不得不来查找你You havethe goodfortune ofbeing herein thewinter一the besttime ofyear tovisit.你们冬季在这里是很幸运的一一年中最好的时间来巡游During thespring andsummer,the mosquitoeswill justabout toeat youalive!在春夏期间,蚊子将会活生生的吃了你Right nowtheyre notso bothersome,but youllstill wantto usean insectrepellent.现在它们还没那么令人厌烦,但是你将仍旧会想要使用驱虫剂的托福听力练习对比文本Thank you.Its greattoseeso manyof youinterested inthis serieson Survivalin OuterSpace.感谢见到你们这么多人对“生存在外层空间”这个系列感爱好真是太棒了Please excusethe cameras,were beingvideotaped forthe localTV stations.请原谅这些摄像机,我们正在为地方电视台录像Tonight Imgoing totalk aboutthe mostbasic aspectof survival一thespacesuit.今晚我将要谈论关于最基本的生存方面一一宇航服When mostof youimagine anastronaut,thats probablythe firstthing thatcomes tomind,right当你们中的大多数人想象一个宇航员的时候,那个可能是脑子里首先要想到的,对吗?Well,without spacesuits,it wouldnot bepossible forus tosurvive inspace.好,没有宇航服,对我们来说生存在太空中是不行能的For example,outer spaceisavacuum一theres nogravity orair pressure;without protection,a bodywould explode.举例来说,外层空间是一个真空空间一一没有重力和气压;没有防护的话,人体将会爆炸Whats more,wed cookin thesun orfreeze inthe shadewith temperaturesranging froma toasty300degrees abovetoacool300degrees belowzero Fahrenheit.更重要的是,从酷热的零上300华氏度到冰冷的零下300华氏度的温度范围里,我们会在阳关下被烤熟或者在阴影下被冰封The spacesuit thatNASA hasdeveloped istruly amarvel.NASA研制出的的宇航服真是个奇迹。