专题01名词（练习版）备战2023年高考英语精选考点专项突破

备战2023年高考英语精选考点专项突破专题01名词研究考向考点梳理考点

1、名词的数分考点L可数名词复数的变化规则Point1可数名词复数的规则变化1一般情况下直接加sbookbookscupcups.以辅音字母+y结尾的，先变y为i再加es.citycitiesfamilyfamilies.以s、xshch结尾的加es.Thisgameadoptedwater（conserve）andusedotherrecyclingmaterialstoensuretheecosystemwaswellprotected.（所给词的适当形式填空）...butifyouconvenientlythrowitoutwindandrun-offcarrythewastedownthesewer（污水管）anddirectlytotheoceanaffectingthemarinelifeincludingthefishamainsourceoffoodfor（human）.（所给词的适当形式填空）TheopeningoftheChina-LaosRailwaywillthushelpspeedthe（develop）oftheChina-LaosEconomicCorridorandwillfurtheradvancethebuildingofaChina-Laoscommunitywithasharedfuture.（所给词的适当形式填空）Theprojectwascompletedsoquicklybecausetheworkershadbeenarrangedintosevenunitstoundertakedifferent（task）atthesametime.（所给词的适当形式填空）IntheRepublicofKoreayoungpeoplearegivingupon（marry）andhomeowner-ship.（所给词的适当形式填空）EachpersonshandwritingisuniqueandconveysanindividuaPs（personal）andemotion.（所给词的适当形式填空）Itiscalculatedbydividinga（person）weightinkgbytheirheightinmeterssquared.（所给词的适当形式填空）Shewasather（dentist）fortwohoursyesterday.（所给词的适当形式填空）Wehavetwo（week）vacationforChristmas.（所给词的适当形式填空）.“Thenewroboticarmscostnomorethan1000yuansaidChenXiaoping（direct）oftheRoboticsLaboratoryatUSTCaddingthatthisgivesthemanadvantageformuchwiderapplication.（所给词的适当形式填空）...andoftenprovidesmoneyforconservationandbenefitsthe（develop）ofthelocalareas.（所给词的适当形式填空）KomodoNationalParkofficiallyrecognizedin1980ispopularforecotourismbecauseofitsuniquebiodiversity.（activity）thererangefromwhalewatchingtohiking（远足）（所给词的适当形式填空）Accordingtothelatestlawpersonal（possess）ofgunsisnowallowedinthisislandcountry.（所给词的适当形式填空）Youllfindthisguidebookisof（valuable）inhelpingthevisitorstogetaroundthePalaceMuseum.（所给词的适当形式填空）AttheconferencetheydiscussedthreedifferentapproachtodealingwithCOVID-

19.所给词的适当形式填空IhaventseenMarysinceshewasalittlegirlandshehaschangedbeyondrecognize.所给词的适当形式填空Nowadaysthescenicspothasregaineditsformerglamour.Tourismsupportfacilityhavebeenimprovedtobetterprovideservicestotravelers.Jiuzhaigoucountyhasalsobeentryingtooffervisitorsamorediversifiedtourismexperience.所给词的适当形式填空GaininginspirefromjadeforasecondtimehonorstheChinesecapitalsuniquepositionasthefirstcitytohosttheSummerandWinterOlympics.所给词的适当形式填空Theresearchersfoundthesnakesmouthopen.Thesefindsuggestthesnakehadbeenpartofanopeningofthemouth^ceremony.所给词的适当形式填空EachmedalhascarvingsoftheOlympicringsononeside.TheringsrepresentthepursuitofunityandharmonyandtheyalsorepresenttheOlympicvalueofsolidarityandinclusiveness所给词的适当形式填空ImnotChinesebutIloveChineseNewYear.TherearemanyfunNewYearcelebratebutnothingquitematchestheexcitementoftheliondancewhichcanwakeupthespiritcompletely.所给词的适当形式填空

45.PartlybasedonWusownexperiencesinthe1970sthebookisacombineofrealityandfictionandinsomewayshisownmemoir回忆录wasaddedtothesciencefiction.所给词的适当形式填空Somestudentsmighthatetheideaofhomeworkbecauseitistime-consuming.Othersmightthinkthathomeworkisunnecessarybecauseallofthelearningisdoneintheclassroom.Idisagreewithbothoftheseopinion.Ithinkthathomeworkisanimportantfactorinastudenteducation.所给词的适当形式填空ComparedtootherleadingprovinceinChinawithregardtodevelopmentGuizhouhassomecatching-uptodo.所给词的适当形式填空Alsotechnologicalknowhowhasbecomearequireformostjobsinanincreasinglydigitalworldasthecomputerhasbecomeacommontoolinmostprofession.所给词的适当形式填空Imadeanappointwiththeacupuncturistinmyareaandturnedupathisroomthefollowingmorning.所给词的适当形式填空Butthesolartermcultureisstillusefultodaytoguidepeopleslivesthroughspecialfoodsculturalceremonygardeningandevenhealthylivingtipsthatcorrespondwitheachsolarterm.所给词的适当形式填空）4以结尾的多数加S只有三个单词加es.tomatotomatoespotatopotatoes

5.以f、fe结尾的，先把f、fe变v再加es.leaf----leavesself■—selvesshelf——shelves少数直接加s;roof----roofsbelief----beliefsPoint2可数名词的复数的不规则变化1有些名词复数形式不是以加s或es构成man——menwoman---womenfootfeetchild——childrenox—oxen2单复数同形可数名词deer---deerfish——fishsheep——sheepChinese——ChineseJapanese-JapaneseSwiss—Swissmeans方式、方法【特别注意】fish表示同一种鱼时，单复数同形，但表示不同种类的鱼时，其复数形式为fishes.某国人的复数1中、日不变Chinese——ChineseJapanese-Japanese.英、法变Englishman——EnglishmenFrenchman——Frenchmen.其余s力口后面AmericanAmericansGerman——GermansAustralian---AustraliansPoint3合成名词的复数1有中心名词的合成词的复数，在中心名词后加sdaughter-in-law——daughters-in-lawL媳passer-bypassers-by路人2无中心名词的合成词的复数，在词尾加sgrown-upgrown-ups成人Go-between——gobetweens中间人3名词前有man或woman修饰，变复数，做定语man/woman和中心词都要变成复数形式womandoctorwomendoctorsmanwaiter---menwaiter分考点

2.通常只用作不可数名词的名词funadviceweatherprogressinformationnewsbreadmilkmeatbutterpoetryluckworkhomeworkhouseworkmusicequipmentfurnituretrafficwealthbaggagejewelryroom空间man人类考点

2、名词的格分考点

1.飞所有格.用and连接两个并列的单数名词表示共有关系时，这时只在最后一个名词后加“工”ThisisMaryandLilybedroom..

1.用and连接两个并列的单数名词表示各有关系时，这时分别在每个名词后加TheseareTomandJackschoolbags..以s结尾的名词，变所有格时在s后加“二不以s结尾的复数名词，仍加Teachers9DayChildrensDay.表示店铺、医院、诊所、住宅等名称时，常在名词后加飞代表全称atthedoctorsattheBobs.由some、anyno、every与one、body结合的复合不定代词something、anything等和else连用时，所有格应加在else的后面Thisissomebodyelsepencil..表示时间、距离、国家、城市等无生命的名词，也可在词尾加飞来构成所有格anhoursridetwoweeks9timeChinascapital7复合名词在后一个名词词尾加sherson-in-lawsphones分考点

2.of所有格Of用来表示无生命的名词所有格；名词短语或有定语修饰的有生命的名词也常用of所有格themapofChinathedooroftheroomthenameofthegirloverthere分考点

3.双重所有格双重所有格的构成为名词+0f+名词或名词+Of4-名词性的物住代词双重所有格主要用于下列两种情况中Point1表示“其中之一”或“其中一部分”，可用aanysomeafewtwo等修饰of短语前面的名词，但不能用theoHeisafriendofmybrother.IssheadaughterofyouPoint2常用来表示赞赏、厌恶等爱憎褒贬的情感，此时of短语前面的名词有thisthatthesethose等指示代词修饰ThatdogofTomsisreallyclever.考点3名词构词法分考点1名词的后缀后缀法是动词转换名词，形容词转换名词以及名词转换名词的常用方法，常考后缀有-ion-ness-ment-ure等，具体如下表后缀correct―►correctionTHcelebrate—►celebration庆木兄;庆2木兄attract—►attraction吸弓|graduate―►graduation、山conclude—►conclusion2吉t仑;2吉j4idiscuss—►discussiont寸t仑；decide—►decision/Eadmit—►admissioninvite—►invitationexplain—►explanationexpect—►expectation其^drive—►driver司tTL；驾员gather—gatherer收集者；采集者teach—―teaclierllffiannounce―►announcerJ-员conduct—►conductor才旨员punish—»punishment羔-ytjachieve—►achievementTf]argargument为辛据treat—►treatment又寸封台疗equip—►equipment备；备govern—►governmentiF^Cfail—►failure失败；倒闭press—►pressureIzE力depart^-departure离开；出发mix—►mixture1昆合；昆合recover—►recovery恢复；愈discover―►discoverychoose—**clioicevarvariety多样化;种tend—►tendency向;分考点

2.常考的名词与形容词的转换weak—►weakness月号;句号.国-nesskind—►kindnesscareless—►carelessnessLstrong—►strength力气；弓虽项-th、warm^-xvarmth温暖；热，情honest—►honestydifficult—*difficulty困又隹.cruel—►cruelty残酷；残暴-y/-ty/-itysafe—►safetydisable—►disability自后；responsible—►responsibility任

3.表示“人”的后缀后缀clean-►cleaner清洁工report-^reporter3己者strange^-stranger陌生1lie—^liar说读^者beg^-beggar乞t寸著，乞丐art—►artist木家-istscience—►scientist下斗piano—►pianist钢serve—►servantf卜-antparticipate—►participant力n者assist^-assistant助9图书15员真题实战

1、（2022年全国高考乙卷）Chinahasa（responsible）toworkwithothercountriestopromotethehealthydevelopmentoftheteaindustry.2^（2022年全国高考甲卷）CaoandWualsocollectedgarbagealongtheroadinordertopromoteenvironmental（protect）

3、（2022年全国新高考I卷）TheGPNPsmaingoalistoimproveconnectivitybetweenseparate（population）andhomesofgiantpandaso

4、（2022年全国新高考II卷）Hesavedmy（son）life*saidMrs.Brown.

5、（2021•全国高考八省联考）In1844theyboughtitfor$1200andsomelandfromCharlesDresserwhoperformedtheir

63.（marry）ceremonyin

1842.

6、（2021•全国高考甲卷真题）After

59.（spend）sometimelookingatallthedefensiveequipmentatthewall

7、（2021•全国高考甲卷真题）Supposedlyyoucandoitintwohoursbutwestoppedatthedifferentgatesand

64.（watchtower）tofakepicturesorjusttowatchthelocalpeoplegoingabouttheirdailyroutines.

8、（2021•全国高考乙卷真题）andoftenprovidesmoneyforconservationandbenefitsthe5J.（develop）ofthelocalareas.

9、（2021•全国高考乙卷真题）becauseofitsuniquebiodiversity.

64.（activity）thererangefromwhalewatchingtohiking（远足）andaccommodationsaimtohavealowimpactonthenaturalenvironment.

10、（2021•新高考高考I卷真题）Therollingseaofcloudsyouseeonceyouareatthetopwillremindyouhowtinywe

63.（human）are.11＞（2021•浙江高考真题）Itiscalculatedbydividinga

58.（person）weightinkgbytheirheightinmeterssquared

12、（2020年海南高考）Alsotechnologicalknow-howhasbecomea53（require）formostjobsinanincreasinglydigitalworldasthecomputerhasbecomeacommontoolinmost

54.profession132020年北京高考Nowlotsof

27.countryandregionsaretakingactiontobanthesaleofsuchbagstostoppeopleusingthem.142020年全国高考Historical

69.accurateisimportantbutsoisentertainment.

15、2020年浙江高考Latertheylearnedtoworkwiththe

63.seasonplantingattherighttimeandindryareas

16、2020年全国高考Filledwith

64.curioustheartistpackedhisbagsandleft.172020年全国高考Thefarsideofthemoonisofparticular

64.interestingtoscientistsbecauseithasalotofdeepcraters环形山182020年全国高考ChineseNewYearisa6L.celebratemarkingtheendofthewinterseasonandthebeginningofspring

19、2020年浙江高考ForJapanthe

58.numberaremorestriking-22in195046todayand53in2050模拟演练...CharlesDresserwhoperformedtheirmarryceremonyin

1842.所给词的适当形式填空Thewritingprojectisnteasybutherreadershavefollowedheronajourneytoself-acceptanceandconfident.所给词的适当形式填空Thehighcostofchild-raisingisonemoredifficultChinesepolicymakersfacewhiledealingwithrapidlydecreasingbirthrates.所给词的适当形式填空AsfarasIamconcernedmysuggestisthatweshouldalwayshaveanotebookandaChinese-Englishdictionarywithineasyreach.所给词的适当形式填空TwoGermanwereseenenterthebuildinganhourago.所给词的适当形式填空curiousispartofchildrensnature.Theyalwaysinsistongettingtothebottomofeverything.所给词的适当形式填空Theexpressinhereyestoldmesomethingwaswrong.所给词的适当形式填空Shewasunabletoattendthemeetingbecauseofthepressofwork.所给词的适当形式填空YesterdayIwasinvitedtothedinnerattheTurner.所给词的适当形式填空Anumberofcompanyarenowworkingonbringing5Gtothemarket.所给词的适当形式填空Lifeisa（mix）ofgoodtimesandbadtimesandhappymomentsandunhappymoments.（所给词的适当形式填空）（2018新课标I卷）Butotherwise...ifsprobablyrunning.Ifyouaretimepooryouneedrunforonlyhalfthetimetogetthesamebenefitsasothersportssoperhapsweshouldallgiveatry.（用适当的词填空）.（2022•江西•模拟预测）Thegiantpandaisoneoftheworld*smostadoredandprotectedrare（animal）.（所给词的适当形式填空）（2022•内蒙古・呼和浩特市教育教学研究中心一模）Accordingtotheplanthehigh-speedrailwaywillhavetwobranch（line）一oneistoYanqingStationtheotheristoTaizichengofChongliwheretheOlympicvillagelies.（所给词的适当形式填空）（2022•内蒙古•呼和浩特市教育教学研究中心一模）Therailwaylinehasa（long）of174kmasadouble-trackpassagelinewithtenstationsalongitsroute.（所给词的适当形式填空）（2022•广西桂林♦二模）“Wehopetoaddmore（happy）tothegreateventmeanwhileviewerscanlearnabouttraditionalChineseculturesaidZhengFeihudirectorofthevideo.（所给词的适当形式填空）（2022年新高考I卷）TheGPNPsmaingoalistoimproveconnectivitybetweenseparate（population）andhomesofgiantpandasand（eventual）achieveadesiredlevelofpopulationinthewild.（所给词的适当形式填空）（2022年全国乙卷）AsamainpromoteroftheInternationalTeaDaythebirthplaceofteaandthe（large）tea-producingcountryChinahasa（responsible）toworkwithothercountriestopromotethehealthydevelopmentoftheteaindustry.（所给词的适当形式填空）Extremeweathereventscanworsenmanyofthesehealth（threat）.（所给词的适当形式填空）McKinstryholdsthe（believe）thattheBritisharefunny.（所给词的适当形式填空）Thesitehasrevolutionizedexperts9understandingofhowcivilizationevolvedinancientChina.Inparticular（evident）ofauniqueShuculturesuggeststhatthekingdomdevelopedindependentlyofneighboringsocietiesintheYellowRiverValleywhichwastraditionallyconsideredtobethecradleofChinesecivilization.（所给词的适当形式填空）Discoveriesmadeatthesitecandatebacktothe12thand11thcenturiesBCandmanyofthe（item）arenowondisplayatanon-sitemuseum.（所给词的适当形式填空）Ifwechooselong-lastingclothesithelpssolvetwokey（issue）atonce-overconsumptionandthedecliningqualityofmanyclothesinstoresthesedays.（所给词的适当形式填空）考查全国新高考卷全国卷命题分析点2022202120202022202212020名词单复数卷L62题卷L57题卷n39题浙江高考乙卷，69题乙卷改错dish-dishes甲卷，69题甲卷改错，friend-friends语法填空主要考查名词单复数的变化及名词的词性转换，但对于高频名词的词义，在完形填空中依然是考查的重点，考生仍需掌握名词构词法卷I44题卷n38题乙卷，65题甲卷，65题乙卷，62题卷I64题卷II61题卷m64题名词的所有格卷n64题浙江高考58题后缀例词-ance/-enceappear—appearance出现;夕卜guides-guidance指弓|:指导perform.—►performance出exist—►existenceprefer―►preference（扁refer—►reference|闻-inghear—►hearing听力听begin—*-beginning开始后缀例词-ageshort—►shortage足；-cyefficient—►efficiency交功交^fluent-^fluency流承J;流畅accurate—►accuracy）隹确性private—►privacy隐私；私密-domfree—►freedom自由；白wise—►wisdom明智；智-encedifferent^difference差异silent—►silenceinvent-—►inventor发明者*-orvisit―*■visitor滂^客direct--♦director7寅-eeemploy—**employeeinterview—►intervie^vee力n向train—►traineeI川者，浮-esshost―►hostess~^C人act—**actress当？寅员.-ianmusic—»musician吉1牙^politics—►politicianjE^C1台History——historianSil。