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新外研版新教材高二英语选择性必修四课文及翻译Unit1UnderstandingideasFacingtheFuture面对未来Formanyofuszitssomethingwealreadyhaveexperienced.Onemomentwearelyingcomfortablyinbedabouttofallintoadeepsleep.Thenextoureyesareopenandwefindourselveswonderingorevenworryingaboutpossiblythemostimportantissueofourlives-thefuture.WillwegetintotheschoolofourchoiceWhatwillwebedoingintenyearstimeCanwebecomethepersonwereallywanttobeInthefaceofsuchquestionshowshouldweapproachthefutureCanwetakeactiontoshapeitorshouldwejustacceptwhatevercomesourway我们许多人都有过这样的经历前一刻,我们正恨意地躺在床上,即将进入深度睡眠但下一刻,我们就睁开双眼,发现自己在思考,甚至在担忧可能是人生中最重要的事情一一未来我们能进入心仪的学校吗十年之后我们会在做什么?我们能够成为真正想成为的人吗面对这些疑问,我们应如何迎接未来呢我们能否采取行动去影响未来,还是该全然接受现实给予我们的一切呢?Asmanyofusalreadyknowhavingplansinplaceforthefutureisnoguaranteethattheywillbecomereality.Inthisrespectsomepeoplearemorefortunatethanothersascanbeillustratedbycomparingthelivesoftwofamousauthorsborn40yearsapart.Althoughtheysharedthesameambitiousandenergeticapproachtolifetheircareersunfoldedincontrastingways.正如我们许多人都知道的那样,对未来有计划并不能保证它们都会成为现实就这一方面而言,一些人比别人更幸运,例如有两位年龄相差40岁的著名作家,对比他们的人生就能证明这一点虽然他们面对生活时都有远大的志向,而且精力充沛,但他们的职业生涯的发展却截然不同heAmericanauthorErnestHemingwaybornin1899wasfromearlyboyhoodsingle-mindedinhisambitiontowrite.OnleavinghighschoolhejoinedalocalKansasnewspaperasatraineereporter.HewentontobecomeforeigncorrespondentfortheTorontoStarandusedhisextraordinaryexperiencesinEuropeandlaterCubatoinformhiswritingInhiswords/ldecidedthatIwouldwriteonestoryabouteachthingthatIknewabout.HavingsethimselfthisgoalhewrotenovelsandshortstoriesbasedonhispersonalexperiencesoftheFirstWorldWar;theSpanishCivilWarbullfightinganddeep-seafishingamongstothers.HisshortnovelTheOldManandtheSeaaboutthethree-dayepicstrugglebetweenanelderlyfishermanandthebiggestfishhehadevercaughtwonthePulitzerPrizeforFictionin
1953.HewouldlatergoontowintheNobelPrizeinLiterature.美国作家欧内斯特•海明威生于1899年,他从小立志,一心一意想要成为作家高中毕业后,他进入堪萨斯当地的家报社做实习记者此后,他又成为《多伦多星报》的一名驻外记者,根据在欧洲和后来在古巴的独特经历进行创作他曾说“我决定把我知道的每一件事都WELCOMETODUNHUANG!欢迎来到敦煌!WelcometoDunhuang!OntheoldSilkRoadthiscitywasthegatewaytoandfromAncientChinaaplacewhereEastmetWestandagreenislandinthemiddleofthedesert.YoucanonlyimaginehowtravellersfeltwhentheysawtheoasisofDunhuangaheadofthem.欢迎来到敦煌!这座城市坐落在古丝绸之路上,曾经是古代中国的门户、东西方交汇的地方,也是沙海中的绿岛你可以想象,当旅行者们看到敦煌绿洲就在眼前时,他们的感受将会是怎样的Dunhuangslongandglorioushistoryrepresentsitssignificanceasacentreofculturalandcommercialexchange.TodayDunhuangisaworld-classtouristdestinationboastingsiteswithUNESCO-protectedheritagestatus.Nowwearegoingtoentersomeofthecitysfamouscavesofwhichtherearemorethan
700.KnownastheMogaoGrottoestheseancientcaveswerecarvedoutoftherockoveraperiodof1000years.IfyoulookupyoucanseethepaintingsandotherartworksthataretestimonytohowtheSilkRoadbroughtEastandWesttogether.Lookatthesestatues!YoucanseeelementsfromAncientGreeceIndiaandIran.Nowlookaroundthewallsofthecave.Comelittlebitclosersothatyoucangetabetterview.Lookatthem!Themuralscoveranastonishingareaof45000squaremetres.敦煌悠久而辉煌的历史展现了它作为文化和商业往来中心的重要性敦煌现在是世界级旅游胜地,拥有受联合国教科文组织保护的文化遗产敦煌有七百多个洞窟,现在我们将要参观其中儿个著名的洞窟这些古老的洞窟被称为莫高窟,是一多年前在岩石上雕刻而成的你抬起头就可以看见壁画和其他艺术品,它们见证了丝绸之路是如何将东西方连接在一起的看看这些塑像!你可以从中发现古希腊、古印度和古伊朗的元素现在我们来看看洞窟四周的墙壁,请靠近一点,这样你就可以看得更清楚看看这些壁画!它们的面积有45000平方米,非常惊人ThesubjectsoftheDunhuangmuralsvaryfromreligiousstoriestoscenesofeverydaylife.ButonetypeofmuralthatisuniquetoDunhuangshowstheApsarasorFlyingImmortals.Representationsoftheseheavenlymusicianssingersanddancersdecoratethewallsofmanycaves.Takealookatthismural.TheApsarasaredepictedsailinginthebrightblueskywiththeirscarvesflyingasiftheyareabouttoflydowntomeetus.Andhereisanotherone.Moveoverherewhereyoucanseeitinmoredetail.TheApsarasareholdinglotusesplayingmusicalinstrumentsdancingandthrowingflowers.ThepaintingofApsarasreachedapeakduringtheTangDynasty;theseimagesarefulloflifereflectingtheconfidenceandoptimismofpeoplefromthattime.敦煌壁画的主题多样,从宗教故事到日常生活,场景各不相同但是,有一种壁画是敦煌独有的,画的是飞天,也就是〃飞仙〃很多洞窟的墙壁上都画着天上的乐师、歌者和舞者我们看这幅壁画,上面画的是飞天在蔚蓝的天空中飞行,他们帔巾飘飘,好像要飞下来迎接我们再看这幅,请走到这里,你可以看到更多细节你可以看到飞天手捧莲花、演奏乐器、跳舞、抛花飞天壁画在唐朝达到了顶峰;这些图案栩栩如生,反映了当时人们的自信、乐观Nowsomethingreallyextraordinaryhappenedin1900whenaTaoistpriestmadeoneofthemostimportantfindsofthe20thcentury.InasealedcavenowknownasthefamousLibraryCavewerehiddenthousandsofmanuscriptspaintingsandscrollsaswellassilkembroideriesWellhaveachancetoseesomeofthemshortlytheLibraryCaveisonlyastonesthrowfromhere.Datingfrom405ADto1002ADthesehiddentreasuresgiveusapictureofDunhuangwhenitwasattheverycentreoftheSilkRoadtrade.ThankstothisancientlibrarywenowknowthatgoodsarrivedinDunhuangfromasfarawayasNorth-eastEuropeandthatgoodswerealsoexportedfromDunhuangacrossAsiaandEurope.ThescrollsaresodetailedthattheydescribethevastrangeofgoodsthatwereimportedandexportedfromDunhuangsuchasceramicsmedicineperfumesandfruittonamejustafew.Thescrollsalsorevealhowmanydifferentcommunitieslivedside-by-sidewithinthisgreatcity.HoweverthereasonwhytheLibraryCavewassealedupallthoseyearsagoremainsamystery.1900年发生了件非同寻常的事,一位道土的发现,成了二十世纪最重大的发现之一在一个封闭的洞窟,也就是现在著名的藏经洞中,藏了成千上万的手稿、绘画、卷轴以及丝绸刺绣臧经洞离这里很近,我们很快将有机会观看其中的一些展品这些隐藏的宝臧可追溯到公元405年至公元1002年间,为我们展现了敦煌作为丝绸之路贸易中心时的画面多亏这个古老的图书馆,我们才得以了解当时的情况:货物从遥远的欧洲东北部抵达敦煌,也从敦煌出口到亚洲和欧洲各地这些卷轴内容非常详细,描述了敦煌进出口的各种商品,例如陶瓷、药品、香料和水果这些卷轴还展示了许多不同的群体是如何共同生活在这座名城中的然而,藏经洞为什么在多年以前被密封起来这至今仍是个谜IntheMingDynastytraderouteschangedandDunhuangwasnotasprosperousasitusedtobe.Graduallyitfadedfrommemoryeventhoughitwasoncesuchagreatcity.明代,贸易路线发生了变化,敦煌也不像以前那样繁华尽管敦煌曾经是一个如此繁华的大城市,但它还是渐渐淡出了人们的记忆ThiscenturyisbringingtheSilkRoadtolifeoncemorethroughtheBeltandRoadInitiative.Dunhuanghasonceagainbecomeaglobalcrossroadssinceithostedhundredsofrepresentativesfromover51countriesfortheSilkRoadInternationalCulturalExpoin
2017.GiventhatthethemeoftheExpowastopromoteculturalexchangeandstrengthenmutualcooperationbetweenthecountriesalongtheSilkRoadDunhuangwastheidealplace.21世纪,〃一带一路〃倡议为丝绸之路带来新生2017年,51个国家的数百名代表齐聚此地,参加丝绸之路国际文化博览会,敦煌再次成为世界的活动中心博览会的主题是促进文化交流,加强丝绸之路沿线国家的相互合作因此敦煌正是理想的会址Nowletsmoveontothenextcave...现在让我们去参观下一个洞窟…Unit3DevelopingideasREADINGCHINA解读中国TheworldofChineseliteratureisonethatisfamiliartousall.ButhaveyoueverstoppedtowonderwhatworksarereadoutsideofChinaandhowtheyarereceivedTodayfourSinologistsandtranslatorssharetheirexperienceofChineseliteraturewithus.Theyare:我们都对中国文学再熟悉不过了可你有没有想过,在中国以外的地方,人们都读过哪些中国文学作品对这些作品评价如何?今天,四位汉学家、译者将给我们分享他们有关中国文学的经历,他们是Petkoaged43fromBulgaria佩特科,43岁,来自保加利亚Annelousaged34fromtheNetherlands安妮鲁斯,34岁,来自荷兰Joachimaged25fromFrance若阿基姆,25岁,来自法国Maiaged28fromEgypt马伊,28岁,来自埃及QI:HowdidyougetinterestedinChineseliterature问题1:你是怎么对中国文学产生兴趣的?Petko:ItallstartedwithamovieIwatchedwhenIwasaboyTheShaolinTemple.ThatmoviegavemesomanyreasonstofallinlovewithChina.IwasamazedbyChinesekungfuofcourse-everyoneloveskungfudonttheyIalsothoughttheChineselanguagesoundedsobeautifulandfoundthatIlikedChinesemusictoo-ljustlovedthemoviesthemetuneSongoftheShepherd.佩特科:一切都要从我小时候看的一部叫《少林寺》的电影说起那部电影给了我很多让我爱上中国的理由我当然为中国功夫所叹服一一人人都喜欢功夫,不是吗我还觉得中文听起来那么美,我发现我也喜欢中国的音乐一一我特别喜欢电影的主题曲《牧羊曲》Annelous:Ibecameinterestedinlanguagesatayoungage.WhenIstartedhighschoolIbeganreadingbooksaboutChinesehistoryandcultureandthisinspiredmetochooseChineseStudiesasmyacademicmajoratuniversity.安妮鲁斯:我从小就对语言感兴趣上高中的时候,我开始读中国历史和文化方面的书,这启发我在大学选择了汉学专业Joachim:Whenwas15yearsoldmymotherboughtmeacopyoftheclassicShiJiorRecordsoftheGrandHistorian.PriortothattheonlygreathistoricalworksIhadbeenexposedtowereHomersepicpoems.RecordsoftheGrandHistorianwasmyfirstencounterwithChineseclassicalliterature.AfterreadingitrealisedthetruegeniusofChinasGrandHistorianSimaQian.HiswritinghadaprofoundeffectonmeandIhavethistothankformypassionforChineseliterature.若阿基姆:我15岁的时候,妈妈给我买了一本经典名著《史记》在此之前,我唯一接触过的历史巨作是《荷马史诗》《史记》是我接触的第一部中国的经典文学作品通过阅读《史记》,我领略了中国〃太史公〃司马迁的才华他的文章对我影响很大,激发了我对中国文学的热情Mai:IgraduallyfellinlovewithChineseliteraturewhenIstartedworkingasatranslator.MostofthetranslatedworksofliteratureinEgyptarefromtheEnglish-speakingworldsoreadingChineseliteraturewasastimulatingandinspiringexperience.马伊:我开始从事翻译工作后,渐渐对中国文学产生了兴趣埃及大多数文学译作来自英语国家,所以读中国文学作品使人兴奋,也鼓舞人心Q2:Howdoyouselectworkstotranslate问题2:你是如何选择作品来翻译的?Petko:IparticularlylikeclassicalChineseliteratureespeciallyworksfromtheMingandQingdynastiesIfellinlovewithDreamoftheRedChamberthefirsttimeIreaditandwasdeterminedtotranslateitintoBulgarianNowthatthisdreamhascometruemynextgoalistotranslateTheRomanceoftheThreeKingdoms.佩特科:我特别喜欢中国古典文学,尤其是明清时期的作品我第一次读到《红楼梦》时就喜欢上了它,并决心把它译成保加利亚语现在这个梦想已实现了,我的下一个目标就是翻译《三国演义》Annelous:IntheNetherlandsthedecisionastowhichworksofChineseliteraturegettranslatedislargelyinfluencedbytheopinionsofrespectedSinologists.InadditionpublishinghousestendtolooktoothercountriestoseewhichChineseworkshavesoldwellthereIvesofartranslatedthewritingsofHanHanandIamnowworkingonthoseofXuZechen.安妮鲁斯:在荷兰,声望高的汉学家很大程度上影响翻译作品的选择此外,出版社往往会参考其他国家哪些中国作品畅销到目前为止,我已经翻译了韩寒的作品,现在正在翻译徐则臣的作品Joachim:IjustgowithwhatIlikeandwhatIaminterestedin.IvetranslatedseveralshortstoriesbyMoYan.RightnowImdoingresearchintopopularliteratureinShanghaiatthestartofthe20thcentury.若阿基姆:我只是随着喜好和兴趣走我翻译了莫言的几篇短篇小说现在,我正在研究20世纪初上海的流行文学Mai:Idontcareifwriterispopularornot.Whatinterestsmemostistheworkitself.IvetranslatedsomeworksbyauthorssuchasXiMurongandBiShumin.Ialsokeepacloseeyeonwhatsbeingself-publishedonlinebynewyoungauthors-theyhavesomegoodideas.马伊:我不在乎一个作家是否受欢迎我最感兴趣的是作品本身我翻译过席慕蓉和毕淑敏等作家的作品我还密切关注新的年轻作者自己在网上发表的作品一一他们有一些不错的想法Q3:WhichworksbyChinesewritersarepopularinyourcountry问题3:中国哪些作家的作品在贵国较受欢迎?Petko:Thirty-sixStratagemshassoldmorethan1000copiesinBulgaria.WhenyouconsiderthatherethebestawritercanusuallyhopeforistosellafewhundredcopiesoftheirworkThirty-sixStratagemsisabest-sellerinBulgaria!佩特科《兰十六计》在保加利亚卖出了一千多本在保加利亚,作者通常最期待的是自己的作品卖几百本,《三十六计》在保加利亚是畅销书!Annelous:EachyearseesmoreworksbyChinesewriterspublishedintheNetherlandsandtheyarewell-received.ThepeoplethatbuyandreadthesebooksdosobecausetheywanttolearnmoreaboutChinesecultureandeverydaylifeinChina.OnthewholeIdohavetoadmitthatherepeoplesknowledgeofChineseliteratureisratherlimited.安妮鲁斯:每年都有更多中国作家的作品在荷兰出版,它们很受欢迎购买和阅读这些书籍的人想要更多地了解中国文化和日常生活总的来说,我不得不承认,在荷兰,人们对中国文学的了解相当有限Joachim:ThenovelsofMoYanandYuHuasellquitewellinFrance.MoYanwasalreadyhugelypopularbutbecameevenmoresoafterreceivingtheNobelPrizeinLiterature.LiteraturehasalotofsignificancetotheFrenchandChineseliteraryworkstendtobehighlythoughtof.若阿基姆:莫言和余华的小说在法国卖得很好莫言原本已非常受欢迎,在获得诺贝尔文学奖后更受欢迎了文学对法国人来说意义重大,中国的文学作品往往获得很高评价Mai:Egyptianslikeliteraturethatreflectshumannatureandexperience.AcoupleofgoodexamplesofthisareFondMemoriesofAutumnbyShiTieshengandStreetScenebyZhouGuoping.IthinkEgyptandChinaarecloselyconnectedandbothhavealotincommon.BecauseofthisChineseliteraryworksreallystrikeachordintheheartsofEgyptianreaders.马伊:埃及人喜欢反映人性和人生经历的文学其中,史铁生的《秋天的怀念》和周国平的《街头即景》就是很好的例子我认为埃及和中国联系紧密,有许多共同之处正因为如此,中国文学作品才真正引起了埃及读者的共鸣Unit4UnderstandingideasBusinessBlossoms创业之花AsshespokeZhangYueputherhandsbehindherbacktohidethattheywereshaking.Shecouldnthoweverhidethelineofsweatrunningdownherforeheadwhichwascausedpartlybytheheatofthetelevisionstudiobutmorebyfearofthefourpeopleseatedinfrontofher.Theystaredbacktheirblankfacesgivingnoclueastowhattheywouldsaynext.FeelingdizzyZhangYuetookadeepbreathasshestruggledtofinishherpresentationAndthatiswhyneedyourhelpinturningmynewandexcitingbusinessintoasuccessfulone.发言时,张悦把手臧在背后,以掩饰双手的颤抖但她无法掩饰从额头淌下的一行汗水这一部分是由于电视演播室里有些热,但更多的则是由于她害怕坐在她面前的四个人他们面无表情地凝视着她,让人根本看不出他们接下来会说什么张悦感到一阵眩晕,做了个深呼吸,然后努力完成她的陈述,“这就是为什么我需要你们的帮助,使这个全新的、激动人心的创业项目获得成功〃NowchairwomanofherowncompanyZhangYueisfondofsayingTheearlybirdcatchestheworm.Theplacewherethishappensisavalleyaworldawayfromanytelevisionstudio.Movingcarefullythroughthedarknessshepassesrowuponrowofroseplants.Inanhourthesefieldswillbefullofpeopleworkingquicklytopicktheflowersbeforesunrise.IthastobedonethensaysZhang.Theseflowersaredelicate.张悦现在是自己公司的总裁,她总喜欢说:〃早起的鸟儿有虫吃〃她创业的地点在一个山谷里,这是一个远离任何电视演播室的世界她小心地在黑暗中穿行,经过一排又一排的玫瑰植株一小时后就会有许多人来到这里,趁着日出前的时间快速采摘玫瑰花“必须在那个时候采〃张悦说,〃这些花是很娇嫩的〃Zhangneverthoughtthatthiswassomethingshewouldendupdoing.Surroundedbyrosesasshewasgrowingupshepaidthemlittleattention.ItwasonlyaftergraduatingfromuniversityoverseasandreturningtovisitherparentsthatZhangrealisedthepotential.Conditionsareidealhereshesays.Thisisaplacewhererosesgrowwild.张悦以前从未想过自己会做这一行她从小到大,到处都是玫瑰,她很少注意到它们直到她结束海外留学生活,回国看望父母时,才意识到这里的潜力〃这里的条件非常理想〃她说,这里适合玫瑰自然生长〃Zhangthereforedecidedtoreturntoherhometownandgrowroseswhichsurprisedmanypeople.Iwantedtoexperiencethefreedomofbeingmyownbossshesaid.ButIalsowantedtogivesomethingbacktomyhometown.AspeoplesayIttakesavillagetoraiseachild.因此,张悦决定回到家乡,开始种植玫瑰,这让很多人感到惊讶〃我想体验自己当老板的自由〃她说,“同时我也想回报我的家乡有句话说得好:‘养育一个孩子需要整个村庄的力量〃Sheisnottheonlyyoungpersontohavebeenbittenbythestart-upbug.Allovertheworldanincreasingnumberofenterprisingyoungpeoplearethinkingofstartingtheirownbusinessesasthegrowingeconomycreatesmoreopportunities.LikeZhangtheypresenttheirideasinthehopeofgettinginvestmentandadviceandtheyhavethesamepassionanddevotion.Themajoritymeetwithrejection.AfewlikeZhangYuefindthemselvesluckyenoughtogetinvestmentandtheall-importantinputandsupportfrommoreexperiencedbusinesspeople.Theroadtotheirsuccessishoweverstillalonganddifficultonewithmanychallengesalongtheway.她并不是唯一一个被创业所吸引的年轻人在世界各地,经济的不断增长创造了更多的机会,越来越多有事业心的年轻人开始考虑自己创业像张悦一样,他们表达自己的想法,希望以此获得投资和建议而旦,他们也拥有同样的热情和为事业奉献的决心他们中的大多数会遭到拒绝,但包括张悦在内的少数人会非常幸送地获得投资,并从更有经验的商界人士那里获得非常关键的投入和支持不过他们的成功之路仍然漫长而艰难,路上会遇到许多挑战AssomeonewhogrewupinthecountryZhangalreadyknewaboutgrowingplants.Howeverlikeanyentrepreneurwhowasjuststartingoutshestillhadlottolearn.Shehasovercomeanumberofobstaclesinnursingherbusinesstothesuccessitistoday.Thebiggestchallengeattheinitialphasewastopersuadepeopletoworkformewhichwastotallyoutsidemyexperience.FewinthevillagebelievedIcouldcreateamulti-millionyuanbusinessfromflowers/saysZhang.AfterIwentonTVamajorAsianmanufacturerofcosmeticswaswillingtopurchasemyproductandhelpwithitsdistribution.Itwasonlythenthatthelocalsbegantobelieveme.NowmyproductisoneofthebestinAsia.Thisyear;canpayallmyfellowworkersadecentbonus.作为一个在农村长大的人,张悦已经比较了解作物种植不过,跟所有刚起步的企业家一样,她要学的还有很多为了取得今天的成就,她精心打理生意,克服了许多障碍”在初始阶段,最大的挑战就是说服人们来为我工作,这完全超出了我的经验范围村里几乎没人相信我能从花卉生意中赚到几百万元〃张悦说,我上了电视后,一家亚洲大型化妆品制造商表示愿意购买我的产品并且帮忙分销直到那时本地人才开始相信我现在我提供的是亚洲最好的产品之一今年,我可以给我的同事们发一笔丰厚的奖金了〃SeeingherpeerswhoalsodreamofsuccessandindependenceZhanghasmixedfeelings.Thoughshewelcomesthenewentrepreneurialspiritsheadvisesthatpeopleberealisticandseekguidancefromexpertconsultantsbeforerushingintothings.看到同龄人也梦想着成功和独立,张悦的心情很复杂尽管她希望看到新的创业精神的涌现,但她也建议他们要现实一些,在仓促行事之前先寻求专业顾问的指导IloverunningmyownbusinessbutitsnotforeveryonesaysZhang.Tosucceedinbusinessyouneedmorethanagoodideahardworkanddetermination.Whatreallymattersisasoundbusinessplanaccesstocapitalandgoodmanagementandnegotiatingskills.Mostofalldontbetooambitious.youshouldknowyourownlimitsandthoseofthepeopleyouworkwith.Foryoungpeoplewhohavelittlelifeexperiencethatcanbeachallenge.“我热爱经营自己的生意,但不是每个人都适合做这个〃张悦说,“要想在事业上取得成功,你需要的不仅仅是好的理念、勤奋和决心真正重要的是一个合理的商业计划,获得资金的渠道,以及良好的管理和谈判技巧最重要的是,不要野心太大你得知道自己的极限,还有与你共事的人的极限对于缺乏生活经验的年轻人来说这可能是个挑战〃Unit4DevelopingideasWhatsmineisyours.我的就是你的WevebeentoldsinceweweretoddlersthatltsgoodtoshareParentsandteacherskeepremindingustosharetoyssnacksbookshappymemoriesandsometimesevensorrowswithothers.Whenwegrowupwesharephotoslifestoriesandopinionswithpeoplearoundusandwiththosewedontknowviasocialmedia.Takingitasanobjectofstudypsychologistshavepublishedvariouspapersstatingthatthebehaviourofsharingisbeneficialtosettinguppositiveemotionalbonding.我们还在蹒跚学步的时候就被教导〃要懂得分享〃父母和老师不断地提醒我们要与他人分享玩具、零食、书籍以及快乐的回忆,有些时候甚至要分享自己的伤心事我们长大后,会与周围的人或者是社交媒体上不认识的人分享照片、人生经历和观点心理学家们将分享作为研究的对象,发表了各种各样的论文来说明分享行为有助于建立积极的情感纽带Todaytheactionofsharingtakesonextrameaning.Itsnotjustaboutsharingsweetsorfrustration;ithasexpandedtoalmosteveryaspectofourlives-thewholeworldseemstobeintosharing.Weareusingtechnologytoreducethemoneythatwespendongoodsandservicesortomakemoneyoutofthosethatwedontuseourselvesallofthetime.Thesevaryfromcarsharestohomesharesandeventopetshares.Thesharingeconomyistakingoffinallsortsofareas.Itiscreatingnewwaysofthinkingandisprovidingservicestopeoplewhenandwheretheywantthem.如今,分享行为又多了额外的含义不仅仅是分享糖果或挫折,分享行为几乎已经扩大到生活的方方面面一一整个世界似乎都在分享我们正在利用科技来减少在商品和服务上的花费,或者用我们一直闲置的物品赚钱:从汽车共享到住房共享,甚至是宠物共享共享经济正在各个领域红火起来,它创造着新的思维方式,随时随地为有需求的人们提供服务Thiswealthofwaysofsharingisaresponsetoourincreasingdemandforqualitygoodsandservicesatcompetitivepricesalldeliveredattheclickofabutton.Whetheritsanonlineshopwherewecanhiredesignerclothesatrock-bottompricesoraplatformfromwhichwecanrentoutourflatsforacoupleofdaysitsoutthere.Whetherwerealenderorborrower;itsawin-winsituation;everyonemakesorsavesmoney.Wealsomakeconnectionsandsometimesevenmakenewfriends.Whatsmoresharingencouragesustoreuseitemstherebycuttingdownonwaste.Andset-upssuchasbikeandcarsharingdoafurtherfavourfortheenvironmentbyreducingthenumberofpollutingvehiclesontheroad.我们需要价格有竞争力的优质产品和服务,大量的共享方式是对这种不断增长的需求的回应,现在这些需求都可以通过一键单击来实现无论是以最低价格出租名牌服装的网店,还是可以把自己的公寓短租几天的平台,都已出现这对于出租者和租用者来说都是一个双赢的局面;人人都能挣钱,或都能省钱我们可以建立联系,有时候甚至可以交到新朋友不仅如此共享方式鼓励我们将物品再次利用,从而减少浪费共享单车、共享汽车等计划的实施会进一步保护环境,因为它们减少了行驶在路上的污染排放车辆的数量Butthesharingeconomyisnotwithoutitsproblems.Asisoftenthecaseallovertheworldwithnewareasofeconomicactivitythesharingeconomyisdevelopingfasterthanexistingregulationsorongoingsupervision.Somecompaniesaretakingunfairadvantageofthissituationtoexpandtheirshareofthemarketoftenattheexpenseofmoretraditionalandestablishedcompanies.Inadditionthesharingeconomyissubjecttoabuseoftrust.Somepeoplehaveexperienceddamagetotheirpropertieswhilstrentingouttheirhomesandothershavefoundthemselvesvictimsoftheftorattackwhilesharingrides.Finallypersonaldatatheheartofthesharingeconomyisnotyetsecure.Sharingplatformscollectpersonalinformationaboutalmosteverypartofourlivesincludingournameslocationsbankinformationandindividualpreferencesforgoodsandservices.Yetthetechnologytopreventsuchinformationfromleakingorbeingstolenstillneedsimprovementandtheawarenessofpotentialrisksislowamongbothserviceprovidersandusers.但共享经济并非没有问题世界上新出现的经济领域通常都是如此,共享经济的发展速度过快,而现有法规和持续监管还未跟上一些公司正在利用这种情况获取不公平的优势,以扩大市场份额,通常以牺牲己有的更为传统的公司为代价此外,共享经济容易受到信任滥用的影响有些人出租房屋时财物遭到破坏,还有人搭顺风车时成为盗窃甚至袭击的受害者最后i点,个人数据,即共享经济的核心,也并不安全共享平台收集的个人信息涵盖我们生活的方方面面,包括姓名、位置、银行信息、对商和服务的个人偏好然而,防止信息泄露或被盗的技术仍然有待改进,服务方和用户对潜在风险的防范意识也较低Nonethelesswhatisinnodoubtisthatthesharingeconomyisincreasinglyrelevanttoourdailylivesaswellastotheglobaleconomy.Itisexpandingatsucharatethatwecanonlyimaginewhatitwillcompriseinthefuture.WhatwillwebesharingnextWhowillbesharingandhowAndthemostinterestingquestionofall-whattypeofsocietywillallthissharingtakeusto尽管如此,共享经济无疑正在与我们的日常生活以及全球经济产生越来越密切的联系它飞速扩张,我们只能想象它将来会包含什么我们下一个共享的对象是什么将由谁来共享以及如何共享最有趣的问题是一这些共享将会带我们进入什么样的社会?Unit5UnderstandingideasTheMysteriesofTHEMAYA玛雅之谜IntriguedbyMayacivilisationfromaveryyoungage15-year-oldCanadianWilliamGadourythoughthehadmadeanincrediblediscoveryfromhisstudyofancientstarcharts.Throughcomparisonhefoundthatthelocationsofthe117knownMayacitiescorrespondtothepositionsofthestars.BasedonthishebelievedhehadspottedanunknownMayacityburieddeepinthejungle.AlthoughhistheoryhasbeendismissedbyscholarsitshowshowpowerfulthesecretsofAncientMayacivilisationareamongpeople.十五岁的加拿大少年威廉•加杜里自幼便对玛雅文明着迷,他认为自己通过研究古老星象图有了惊人发现通过比较,他发现117座己知玛雅城市的位置和星象的位置是对应的据此他相信自己发现了一座隐臧于丛林深处的未知玛雅城市的位置尽管学者们对他的理论不予考虑,但是这表明古玛雅文明的奥秘在人们心中是如此举足轻重Itisntdifficulttoseewhy.ExtendingsouthfrompartsofwhatwenowknowasMexicointoCentralAmericaMayacivilisationhasbeensurroundedbymysterysinceitsrediscoveryinthe19thcentury.TheMayabuiltimpressivepalacesandtemplesincludingtheirrepresentativesteppyramids.Whatismostextraordinaryaboutthesecomplexstructuresishowtheywerebuiltwithouttheuseofwheelsmetaltoolsorevenanimalpower.TheMayasunderstandingofmathematicsandastronomywasalsoquiteamazing.TheyappliedthisunderstandingtotheMayacalendarwhichwasaccuratetowithin30secondsperyear.OntopofallthiswasanachievementuniqueintheAmericasatthattime:atruewritingsystem.Itcontainedmorethan800characterswithsomesignsrepresentinganimalspeopleandobjectsandothersrepresentingsyllables.Itwasawritingsystemsocomplicatedthatsofarnoonehasbeenabletointerpretitcompletely.这背后的原因不难发现玛雅文明的范围从现今墨西哥的部分区域向南延伸至中美洲自从19世纪玛雅文明再现,层层迷雾便一直围绕着它玛雅人建造了恢宏的宫殿和庙宇,其中包括代表性建筑阶梯金字塔这些复杂建筑最不同寻常之处在于,在没有使用机轮、金属工具甚至畜力的情况下,玛雅人是如何建造它们的玛雅人对数学和天文学的认识也十分令人惊叹他们将这一认识应用到了玛雅历中,该历法精确程度极高,每年误差不超过30秒除此之外还有一项当时美洲独有的成就:一个真正的文字系统这种文字系统中包含800多个字符,有些符号代表动物、人和物,其他代表音节这种文字系统很复杂,以至于到目前为止没有人可以将其完全解读ThefactthatMayasocietywastechnologicallyprimitivemakesitsachievementsallthemoreincredibleandmysterious.ButthegreatestmysteryofalliswhatcausedtheMayatoabandonmostoftheirgreatcities.By700ADMayacivilisationwasatitspeak.Yetwithinjustacoupleofgenerationsitbegantomysteriouslydecline.Thecitieswerelefttobetakenbackbythejungle.WhenEuropeansarrivedinCentralAmericaintheearly16thcenturytoclaimitsrichestheremainingMayapeoplewerelivinginsmallsettlements.玛雅社会的科技水平十分原始,这一事实使得玛雅的种种成就更加令人难以置信、神秘莫测但最大的谜团是为何玛雅人抛充了绝大部分的大城市到公元700年时,玛雅文明如日中天然而,仅仅在几代之内,玛雅文明开始神秘地衰落城市荒废,任凭从林蚕食取代16世纪早期,欧洲人来到中美洲攫取财富时,只剩下一些玛雅人居住在小型聚居区里WhyMayacivilisationcollapsedremainsamystery.WasitanaturaldisasterAdeadlydiseaseConflictsbetweencitiesOrwasitacombinationofseveraldifferentfactorsSomeresearchseemstoindicatethatMayapeoplethemselvesmayhaveplayedapartintheirdownfall.Theyhadturnedwetlandsintofieldsforgrowinggrainsandhaddughugecanalsystems.Astheirpopulationexpandedyetmorelandwasneededforagricultureandmoretreesforconstruction.BychangingthelandscapeinthiswayitispossiblethattheMayapeopleunknowinglyreducedtheirabilitytodealwithnaturaldisasters.玛雅文明倾颓的原因一直是一个谜团究竟是因为自然灾害、致死疾病、城市间的冲突,抑或是几个不同因素叠加所致某些研究似乎暗示,玛雅人自己也许就是导致衰落的掘墓人他们将湿地变成了种植庄稼的田地,还开凿了巨大的运河系统随着人口增长,人们需要更多土地以发展农业,需要更多树木以修建建筑物通过这样改变地貌,玛雅人可能在不知不觉中减弱了自己应对自然灾害的能力ResearchalsosuggeststhatthosenaturaldisastersmayhaveledtothedeclineoftheMaya.Somerecentstudieshavefoundthattherewerefarfewertropicalcyclonesthanusualbetween700ADand1000AD.Thisislikelytohaveledtoaseriesofdroughtseachlastingforacoupleofyearsincludingamegadroughtaround900AD.ManyscientistsbelievethatthesedroughtswerethemainreasonwhyMayacivilisationbegantocollapseatdifferentratesindifferentplaces.Thesedroughtswouldhaveledtofoodshortagesconflictsandultimatelythedownfallofthecities.研究也表明,那些自然灾害可能导致了玛雅文明的衰落最近一些研究发现,公元700年到公元100年之间,热带气旋的数量远远少于往常这可能导致了一系列旱灾,每一次旱灾都持续若干年,其中就包括公元900年的一场〃百年不遇的旱灾〃许多科学家认为,这些旱灾是玛雅文明在不同地方以不同速度衰落的主要原因这些旱灾会导致食物短缺、冲突发生,最后导致城市的衰败WhateverthereasonsMayacivilisationlargelydisappearedwithinthedeepjungle.Itsonce-greatcitiesfellintoruinleavingvariousmysteriesforlaterpeopletosolve.Meanwhiletheriseandfallofthiscivilisationmustalsoleaveusthinkingaboutourownpastpresentandfuture.无论原因如何,玛雅文明几乎消失在了丛林深处曾经恢宏的城市沦为废墟,留下各种谜团等待后人解开同时,玛雅文明的崛起与衰落必定也让我们思考自己的过去、现在与将来Unit5DevelopingideasDIVINGDEEP潜入深海Lyingunderwatersacrosstheglobeareanestimatedthreemillionshipwrecks.AllofthemrepresentattemptsoverthecenturiestoexploreEarthsfurthestcorners.AmongtheseistheEsmeraldatheearliestwreckfromtheageoftheEuropeanexplorationofAsia.Todaysome500yearsaftertheEsmeraldasetsailthereislittle-ifany-landonourplanetleftunexplored.WehavemoredetailedmapsoftheMoonandevenofVenusandMarsthanwedoofEarthsownseabed.全球水域下大约沉睡着三百万艘沉船残骸,每艘都代表了若干世纪以来探索地球最远端的努力尝试其中就包括了“埃斯梅拉达〃号,它是欧洲国家探索亚洲时代留下的最早残骸如今距离〃埃斯梅拉达〃号起航已有500多年,我们星球上尚未被人类探索的土地已经少之又少了然而,我们手中关于地球自身海底的地图,甚至比不上关于月球乃至金星、火星的天体图详尽Givenourlimitedknowledgeitisperhapsnosurprisethatexplorationoftheoceanscontinuestoleadtodiscoveriesinvariousscientificfields.AswiththediscoveryoftheEsmeraldamanyarchaeologicalfindsaremadeinshallowwatersnearthecoast.Thesemaysometimesincludewholecitiesburiedbeneaththewaves.OnesuchfindistheancientRomancityofNeapolisdiscoveredoffthecoastofTunisia.BelievedtohavebeenburiedunderwaterbytsunamiinthefourthcenturyADtheruinsofNeapolisarealmost2000yearsold.Theremainingstreetsandbuildingsofferawindowintoafascinatingperiodinourhistory.Howeverweareonlybeginningtoovercomethechallengesofpressuredarknessandextremecoldatvastdepths.Fragmentsofthepastlyingdeepbeneaththeoceansarestillwaitingtobediscovered.基于我们有限的认知,探索海洋可以带来许多科学领域的新发现,这也许就显得不足为奇了就像发现〃埃斯梅拉达〃号的残骸一样,很多考古学发现都发生在近海岸的浅水水域这些发现有时会包括埋在海浪下的整座城市,其中之一便是在突尼斯近海发现的古罗马城市奈阿波利斯据悉,在公元4世纪,奈阿波利斯被一场海啸淹没,其废墟至今己有近2000年的历史存留下来的街道、建筑为我们打开了一扇窗,让我们得以窥见那段精彩的历史然而,我们才刚刚开始克服广袤的海洋深处的压强、黑暗和极寒所带来的挑战过去的碎片仍深藏在大洋底部,等待被发现Amazingbiologicaldiscoveriesarealsobeingmade.Thedarkzonesoftheoceansmaycontainupto90percentoftheplanetsfish.Inthesewatersmorethan200metresdeepwherelightcannotreachareextraordinarycreaturesthatappearasiftheyarestraightoutofsciencefiction.Imaginebone-white-coral6000metresbelowtheoceanssurfacegrowingattherateofonlyoneortwomillimetresperyearSomeofthesecouldbe4000yearsold.Swimmingthroughtheseblackdepthsisthebarreleyeastrangefishwitheyesthatcanlookupwardsthroughitstransparentforehead.Intheverydeepestoceantrenchesthataremorethan8000metresbelowthesurfacethepressureisequivalentto50aeroplanesstackedoneontopofanother.Yetthereisstilllifetobefoundevenaroundthedeep-seavolcanicopenings.Thesediscoveriesallhelpusunderstandthecapacityforlifeonourplaneteveninthemostextremecircumstances.生物学领域也有惊人的发现海洋的黑暗区域里或许生存着多达地球上90%的鱼类在200多米以下、阳光照不到的深水水域里,住着一些看起来就像是刚从科幻小说中走出来的奇异的生物想象一下,在海平面下6000米深处,骨白色的珊瑚以每年仅一到两毫米的速度缓慢生长着,它们中有些已经存活了4000年漆黑的深海里管眼鱼游来游去,这是种奇特的鱼,其眼睛可以透过透明的前额向上看在海平面以下8000多米处最深的海沟里,压强相当于50架飞机堆叠在一起,然而这里仍有生命的存在,甚至在深海海底的火山口周围也有生命这些深海发现帮助我们理解地球上生命的承受力,甚至是在最极端的环境下的承受力Furthermoretheoceansareavaluablesourceofnaturalresourcessomeofwhichare写成一个故事”在立下这一目标后,他根据自己在第一次世界大战、西班牙内战、斗牛表演和深海捕鱼等的亲身经历,创作了许多长篇和短篇小说他的短篇小说《老人与海》讲述了一位老渔民与一条自己捕过的最大的鱼进行三天艰苦卓绝搏斗的故事这部小说于1953年获得普利策小说奖海明威后来还荣获诺贝尔文学奖BycontrasttheyoungAuthurConanDoyleborninScotlandinl859hadoriginallyworkedasdoctor.ButDoylesmainambitionwastobecomeawriterofhistoricalnovels.AlthoughsomeofhishistoricalnovelswerepublishedtheirsuccesswasnothingcomparedtothestoriesofhisfictionaldetectiveSherlockHolmeswhichheisstillbestknownfortothisday.相比而言,1859年出生于苏格兰的亚瑟•柯南•道尔,原先是一名医生,但他最大的志向却是成为名历史小说作家虽然他出版过一些历史小说,但与他虚构出来的侦探夏洛克福尔摩斯的故事相比,所取得的成功不可同日而语直到现在,道尔最广为人知的作品仍是夏洛克・福尔摩斯的故事InterestinglyDoylewrotesomeofhisearlyHolmesstorieswhilehewaswaitingforpatientsinhismedicalpracticeinLondon.AfterSherlockHolmesmadehimahouseholdnameDoylegaveupmedicineanddevotedhimselfentirelytowriting.Hestilllongedtobecomeknownforhishistoricalnovelsamongstotheracademicworks.ThepublichowevercouldntgetenoughofSherlockHolmes.IndesperationDoylekilledoffthefamousdetectiveinanovelpublishedin1893sothathecouldfocusonhisseriouswriting.HoweverfansofHolmesweresoangrythatDoyleunderimmensepressurewasforcedtobringHolmesbackfromthedead.DoylesmanyhistoricalnovelsplayspoemsandacademicpapershaveremainedlargelyforgottenbutSherlockHolmeshasbeenentertainingreadersforwelloveracentury.有趣的是,一些早期的福尔摩斯故事是道尔在伦敦行医期间,在等候病人的时候创作的在夏洛克•福尔摩斯让他变得家喻户晓后,道尔放弃了行医,全身心地投入创作除了其他学术作品,他还是渴望自己能因历史小说而出名然而,公众却对夏洛克•福尔摩斯的故事百读不厌绝望之下,道尔在一部出版于1893年的小说中杀死了这位著名的侦探,以便专心创作他的“严肃”作品然而,福尔摩斯迷们对此感到非常愤怒,这使得道尔在巨大压力之下,不得不让福尔摩斯起死回生道尔的很多历史小说、戏剧、诗歌和学术论文几乎都被人遗忘了,但夏洛克•福尔摩斯却在一个多世纪以来一直吸引着读者Thoughbothofthesemenwereultimatelysuccessfultheirpathstosuccesswereverydifferenttheirfuturesnotnecessarilyturningoutexactlyastheyplanned.Sowhatevertwistsandturnsyoumightencountertakealeafoutofthebooksofthesetwoauthorsandbepreparedfortheunexpected.AsrenownedtechinnovatorSteveJobsoncesaidYoucantconnectthedotslookingforward;youcanonlyconnectthemlookingbackwards.Soyouhavetotrustthatthedotswillsomehowconnectinyourfuture.虽然这两位作家最终都获得了成功,但他们成功之路却截然不同,他们的未来也不一定完全如他们当初所计划的那样因此,不管未来你会遇到怎样坎坷和曲折,都应以这两位作者为榜样,做好应对意外的准备正如著名的科技创新者史蒂夫•乔布斯所说“你无法预见性地将生命中的点滴串联起来,只有在回头看时,你才会发现这些点滴之间的联系所以你要坚信,你现在所经历的,将在你未来的生命中串联起oUnit2Developingideascompletelynewtous.MostnotableoftheseisChinasdiscoveryofanice-likesubstanceknownasfireiceundertheSouthChinaSea.InadditionChinasunderwatervesselssuchastheJiaolongandShenhaiYongshihavebeenexploringwatersatdepthsofthousandsofmetres.TheJiaolongevenholdstherecordforthedeepestdivebyamannedsubmarineat7062metresgivingChinaitsplacealongsidetheworldstopoceanexplorersTheresearchconductedbythesevesselsisgivingscientistsagreaterunderstandingofhowtheseabedwasformedaswellashelpingidentifyareasfordeep-seadrillingtakingdeep-seaexplorationintoawholenewera.此外,海洋还包含着珍贵的自然资源,其中一些对我们来说完全是新的资源最值得一提的便是中国在南海发现的冰状物质一一可燃冰此外,中国的水下舰艇如“蛟龙〃号和“深海勇士〃号,一直在数千米深的水域探索蛟龙〃号甚至创造了载人潜舰的最深下潜纪录706米使中国跻身于世界顶级海洋探索国之列借助这些潜水器所完成的研究有利于科学家进一步了解海床的形成过程,帮助确定深海钻探区域,将深海勘探带入一个崭新的时代Beingatoughenvironmentofcompletedarknessenormouspressureandintensecoldtheoceandepthshavelongbeenbeyondthereachofhumanexploration.Howeverthroughcloserinternationalscientificeconomicandculturalcooperationweareallbecomingpartofaglobalmissiontoopenupourplanetsfinalfrontier.Humankindisenteringanewageofoceanicdiscoveryandtheworldbeneaththewavesmayonedaybealmostasfamiliartousasthelandwewalkupontoday.深海区域环境恶劣,完全黑暗、压强极大、极度寒冷,长期以来都是人类探索无法企及的区域然而,通过更紧密的国际科学、经济以及文化合作,我们都在成为开拓地球最后疆域这一全球使命的参与者人类正走向海洋发现的新时代,或许有朝一日,我们会像熟悉脚下的土地一样熟悉那海浪下的世界Unit6UnderstandingideasTheCallofthechallenger〃挑战者”的呼唤EversinceNeilArmstrongfirstsetfootontheMoonbackon20July1969peoplehavebecomeaccustomedtothenotionofspacetravel.Millionswatchedthatfirstlunarlandingonblackandwhitetelevisionsetstheirheartsintheirmouthsawareofhowarduousandhazardousanundertakinitwasandofthemanythingsthatcouldgowrong.WithArmstrongsnowfamouswordsThatsonesmallstepformanonegiantleapformankindwhathadoncebeenconsideredimpossiblehadnowbeenachieved.GuidedbyacomputerthatwasmuchlesspowerfulthantheonesusedbytodaysaverageschoolstudentsallthreeastronautsoftheApollo11missionmadeitsafelybacktoEarth.自从1969年7月20日尼尔・阿姆斯特朗首次登月以来,人们已习惯于太空旅行这个概念数百万人在黑白电视机前观看了首次登月,为此激动得心都跳到了嗓子眼儿,因为大家都明白这是一项多么艰难、多么危险的任务,许多地方都可能出错伴随着阿姆斯特朗说出那句名言这是个人的一小步,却是人类的一大步〃,曾被认为是不可能的事情如今已经实现了执行阿波罗11〃号任务的三位宇航员在一台计算机的指导下都安全返回地球,这台计算机远不如当今普通学校的学生使用的计算机功能强大FollowingtheMoonlandingsspacetravelrapidlybecameunexceptionaltothepublicasinnovationssucceededeachother.Bytheearly1980sthegreatrocketspreviouslyusedintheAmericanspaceprogrammehadbeenreplacedbythespaceshuttle.WhentheChallengerspaceshuttletookoffon28January1986theworldseemedtohavelostitswonderattheamazingachievementsoftheastronautsinvolved.Butthiswasgoingtobenoordinaryexcursionandmillionsofpeopletunedintowitnessthetake-offonTV.ItwasspecialbecauseChristaMcAuliffeaged37anordinaryteacherandmother;wasabouttobecomethefirstcivilianinspace.Sheplannedtogivetwo15-minutelessonsfromorbit:thefirsttodemonstratethecontrolsofthespacecraftandexplainhowgravityworkedandthesecondtodescribetheobjectivesofthechallengerprogramme.Christahopedtocommunicateasenseofexcitementandrekindleinterestinthespaceprogramme.Withtheeyesofstudentsacrossthenationuponhershemighthaveinspiredanentirelynewgenerationofastronautsandspacescientists.登月后,随着新事物接连出现,宇宙航行迅速成为公众眼中的寻常之事20世纪80年代早期,美国太空计划中使用的大型火箭已被航天飞机所代替当〃挑战者〃号航天飞机于1986年1月28口发射时,对于宇航员所获得的令人惊叹的成就,全世界似乎己经失去了新鲜感然而这将不是一次普通的航行,数百万人打开电视,共同见证这次发射这次航行的特殊之处在于一位37岁名为克丽斯塔•麦考利夫的普通教师兼母亲将会成为第一位到访太空的普通公民她计划在〃挑战者〃号沿轨道运行时讲两节课,每节15分钟第一节课要展示航天器的操控装置,并解释一下引力是如何发挥作用的;第二节课要讲述“挑战者号太空计划的目的克丽斯塔希望借此传达她的激动之情,重新燃起人们对太空计划的兴趣当全国学生的目光都聚集在她身上时,她或许能激发他们成为新一代宇航员和太空科学家的理想TragicallysheneverreturnedtoherclassroomastheshuttleexplodedjustoveraminuteaftertakingoffinFloridaandallsevenastronautsonboardwerekilled.Theworldwentintoshockmostpeoplehavingassumedthatthisspaceflightwouldbenomoredangerousthantravellinginanaeroplane.Howwrongtheyhadbeen!Instantaneouslyexcitementandoptimismturnedintoterrorandfailure.Itwasthemostdisastrousspaceaccidenteveranditcastashadowonpeopleshearts.令人悲痛的是,她再也没能回到她的课堂航天飞机在佛罗里达州发射仅一分多钟后就发生了爆炸,机上七名宇航员全部牺牲全世界都震惊了!大多数人本以为这次太空航行不会比乘飞机旅行更加危险,但是所有人都大错特错了!激动和乐观瞬间化为恐惧和挫败,这是有史以来最惨烈的航天事故,给人们心里蒙上了阴影Icanrememberthatdaysoclearlywatchingthetake-offonTVatschoolsaidonestudent.TherewasanordinaryteacherontheChallenger;andwewereallveryexcited.Wedidnthavemuchpatiencewaitingforthelaunch.Wehadseenthesmilingfacesoftheastronautswavingtotheworldastheysteppedintotheshuttle.Thenlittlemorethanaminuteaftertake-offwesawastrangeredandorangelightintheskyfollowedbyacloudofwhitesmoke.TheChallengerhadexplodedinmid-airandweallstartedscreaming.一个学生回忆道:我非常清楚地记得那天,我在学校通过电视观看发射场景有位普通教师在挑战者,号上,我们都非常激动,迫不及待地等着发射我们看到宇航员笑容满面,向世界挥手致意,步入航天飞机然后,发射仅仅一分多钟后,我们就着到空中奇异的红色和橙色的光芒,紧接着是一大团白烟,挑战者,号在半空中爆炸了,我们都开始尖叫〃FollowingtheshockoftheChallengerdisasterspaceshuttleflightsweresuspendedfornearlythreeyearswhilethecauseofthedisasterwasinvestigatedandsomeoftheshuttlescomponentswereredesigned.Buttherewasneveranydoubtthatmannedflightswouldcontinueandon29September1988thespaceshuttleprogrammeresumedwiththesuccessfullaunchofDiscovery.“挑战者〃号令人震惊的灾难发生后,航天飞机航行中止了近三年时间,同时调查事故原因,重新设计飞行器的部分零件但是毫无疑问,载人飞行绝不会就此停止1988年9月29日,随着〃发现〃号的成功发射,航天飞机项目重新启动Ithasnowbeenover30yearssincethelossofChallengerandalthoughthelivesofitscrewwerecuttragicallyshorttheytaketheirplacealongsidetheotherheroesofspaceexplorationsuchasGagarinTereshkovaArmstrongandYangLiwei.Thememoryofthosesevenwillliveforeverwritteninthestarsinspiringustojointheminhumanitysgreatestjourneyofexplorationanddiscovery.ThesacrificeoftheChallengercallstousremindingusthatwemustcontinuetoreachforthestarsnomatterhowdistanttheymightseem.挑战者〃号失事至今已有30多年了虽然挑战者〃号的机组人员英年早逝,但他们与加加林、捷列什科娃、阿姆斯特朗和杨利伟等进行太空探索的英雄们一道,都在历史上占有一席之地他们七位的事迹将永存于世,书写在漫天星辰中,激励我们加入他们,共向致力于人类最伟大的探索发现之旅挑战者〃号的牺牲召唤着、提醒着我们,不管星空看起来多么遥不可及,我们都要持之以恒地去探索Unit6DevelopingideasEYESUPONTHENIGHT眺望夜空的眼睛Thenightskyhasbeenanendlesssourceoffascinationsincethestartofhumanhistory.Forexamplethemysteriouslarge-eyedbronzestatuesoftheancientShuKingdomdiscoveredattheChinesearcheologicalsiteatSanxingduiwerebelievedtohavebeenabletolookacrossgreatdistancesintothestars.Inrealityhumanscanseeverylittleofthenightskywiththenakedeye.Andforalongwhilepeoplewereunabletounderstandwhattheycouldsee.Notknowingwhatthestarswerepeopleinancienttimesusedtheirimaginationstocreateaworldinthesky.从人类有史以来,夜空就一直是让人浮想联翩的不竭源头例如在中国考古遗址三星堆发掘的古蜀国神秘的巨目铜像,古时的人们认为它能够看到遥远的星空事实上,人类仅凭肉眼只能看到夜空很小的一部分并且在很长一段时间里,人们都无法理解他们所看到的事物古时的人们并不知道星星到底是什么,所以他们便凭着想象去创造了一个空中世界Ourpowertoinvestigateandthusunderstandspacechangeddramaticallywhenthefirsttelescopewasangledatthenightskyincreasingasitdidthepowerofthehumaneyeandenablingustounderstandthattheuniverseisfarlargerthanwaspreviouslyimaginable.Theplanetswereseentobeworldssimilartoourownmanyofthemevenhavingtheirownmoons.SoonitwasunderstoodthattheSunwasjustonestaramongbillionsinthegalaxywecalltheMilkyWay.Some300yearslaterwelearntthattheMilkyWayitselfwasjustonegalaxyamongbillionsofothersspreadacrosstheblacknessofspacelikegreatislandsoflightandmatterfloatinginavastcosmicocean.当第一台望远镜对准夜空时,我们探索进而理解太空的能力就发生了巨大变化,它不仅增强了人类肉眼观测的能力,而且也让我们明白宇亩要比之前想象的大得多每个行星都可以被视为和我们地球类似的星球,其中许多行星甚至有它们自己的卫星很快,我们明白太阳只不过是银河系中数十亿计的恒星中的一个大约300年后,我们又得知,银河系只是数十亿个散落在黑色太空中的星系之一,就像漂浮在宇宙汪洋中的一座光与物质组成的大型岛屿Almost400yearsafterthefirstEarth-basedtelescopewasinventedtheHubbleSpaceTelescopewaslaunchedintoorbitgivingastronomers-indeedallofus-thefirstbreathtakinglybeautifulimagesofouruniversetakenfrombeyondEarth.Nothinginhistoryhasallowedustoseesomuchoversuchgreatdistancesfromenormouscloudsofgaswherestarsarebeingborntohugeblackholesandeventonewplanetswherewemightconceivablyfindlife.Notonlythat-ithasalsohelpedustoworkouttheageandnatureoftheuniverseanddiscovertheincrediblefactthattheuniverseisexpandingatanever-increasingspeed.第一个地基望远镜问世将近400年之后,哈勃空间望远镜发射入轨,不仅让宇航员,事实上还让我们所有人,都看见来自地球之外令人叹为观止的宇宙美景它让我们史无前例地看到了如此遥远的景观一一从星体诞生的巨大气体云团,到巨型黑洞,甚至到可能会发现生命迹象的新行星不仅如此,它还帮助我们测算宇宙的年龄并分析宇宙的本质,且发惊人的事实一一宇宙正在以不断增加的速度扩大Toseeevenfurtherintotheuniversemanycountriesarenowengagedinbuildingevermoreadvancedtelescopes.CurrentlyChinaoperatestheworldslargestandmostpowerfulradiotelescopetheFASTtelescopecompletedin
2016.The500-metredishoftheEyeofHeavenasitisknownisbeingusedinthesearchfordarkmatterthoughttobecomposedofsubatomicparticlesinvisibletoordinarytelescopes.Thisvastdishalsohastheabilitytoexploreregionsofspacebillionsoflightyearsawayrightattheedgeofthevisibleuniverse.为了能更加深入观察宇宙,很多国家开始投入研发更先进的望远镜近来,中国研发了世界最大、功能最强的射电望远镜一一FAST望远镜,于2016年建成众所周知,这个被称为“天眼〃的500米口径巨盘用于探寻暗物质暗物质被认为由亚原子粒子组成,一般望远镜是观测不到的这个巨盘还能探索数十亿光年之外的太空领域,那里是看得到的宇宙的边界TheHubbleandthespacetelescopesconstructedafteritwillallowustoseefurtherandfurtherintospace.Wewillviewstarsandgalaxiesbillionsoflightyearsawayandlookbackatapastthatwasbillionsofyearsago.Usingever-largerradiotelescopesasoureyeswewillonedaybeabletolookbacktoatimeintheveryearlyuniversebeforetheexistenceoflight.Butthehumanquestforknowledgereachesevenbeyondthat.Somuchoftheuniverseremainsunexploredthatwearestillclosetothestartofthisincrediblejourneyofdiscovery.哈勃望远镜以及在它之后建成的太空望远镜将使我们能看见更加遥远的太空我们将能观察几十亿光年外的星体和星系,回看数十亿年之前的过去终将有一天,我们会使用更巨大的射电望远镜,当作人类之眼,回看在光产生之前宇宙的最早时期但人类对知识的渴望不止于此宇宙还有很多的未知领域,我们才刚刚接近这段奇幻发现之旅的起点TheRoadNotTaken未选择的路TworoadsdivergedinavellowwoodAndsorryIcouldnottravelbothAndbeonetravelerlongIstoodAndlookeddownoneasfarasIcouldTowhereitbentintheundergrowth;金黄色林中两条路各奔一方,可惜我无法兼顾,身在旅途,我久久伫立,极目望向一条路的尽头,它蜿蜒拐进远方的灌木丛;ThentooktheotherasjustasfairAndhavingperhapsthebetterclaimBecauseitwasgrassyandwantedwear;ThoughasforthatthepassingthereHadwornthemreallyaboutthesame但我却选了另外一条路,公正公平,抑或有更佳理由,它荒草萋萋,诱人涉足;即便如此,旅人的足迹让两条路看起来相差无几,AndboththatmorningequallylayInleavesnostephadtroddenblackOhIkeptthefirstforanotherday!YetknowinghowwayleadsontowayIdoubtedifIshouldevercomeback.那天清层落叶满地,两条路都未经脚印污染啊,我留下第一条路改日再探!明知道路径延绵,我不确定是否还能回到这里IshallbetellingthiswithasighSomewhereagesandageshence:TworoadsdivergedinawoodandIItooktheonelesstraveledbyAndthathasmadeallthedifference.也许多年之后在某个地方,我会回顾往事轻声叹息树林中有两条路,我选择人迹较少的那一条,从此,它为我带来了全新的人生轨迹LinesfromthepoemTheRoadNotTakenareoftenquotedinspeechesofallkinds.Thepoemhasbeensettomusicbyanumberofartistsandusedinnumeroustelevisioncommercials.IthasinfactbecomeoneofthemostfamousAmericanpoemsofalltimenotonlybecauseofitsnaturalstylebutalsobecauseofitsthoughtfulinsightsintohumannature.《未选择的路》这首诗中的诗句常常在各种演讲中被引用许多艺术家为这首诗谱了曲,它还被运用于大量的电视广告之中事实上,它已经成为美国历史上最著名的诗歌之一,这不仅是因为其自然的风格,还因为其对人性的深刻洞察WhenreadingTheRoadNotTakenonecannothelpbutseeinonesmindimagesofapeacefulwooddeepwithinthecountryside.Pathsinthewoodsareoftenusedtosymbolizehowourlivesprogressandchange.ThelinesTworoadsdivergedinayellowwood/AndsorryIcouldnottravelbothgiveusavisualrepresentationofthechoicesthatwefaceandthedecisionsthatweneedtomake.Lifethrowsmanyalternativesatusonadailybasis.TheserangefromthebasicWhatshouldIweartodaytothekeyissuesofwhatsubjecttostudyatuniversityorwhatjobtodoaftergraduation.Ofcoursethegreatestdilemmasarisefrommoralproblemswhenweareuncertainwhichchoiceresultsindoingtherightthing.阅读《未选择的路》总会让人脑海中不禁浮现出乡村深处静谧的树林林间小路往往象征我们人生中的进步和变化“金黄色林中两条路各奔一方,可惜我无法兼顾”这两句话生动地展现了我们面临的选择以及需要做出的决定生活每天都会向我们抛出许多选择,不仅包括“我今天应该穿什么”这样的小问题,也包括大学应该学什么专业或者毕业后应该做什么工作这样的重大问题当然,最大的困境往往源于道德问题,因为我们不确定哪个选择才是正确的WhetherbigorsmallwhatallourchoiceshaveincommonisthattheyleadstospecificconsequencesOncewemakeadecisioninmostcircumstancesthereisnogoingback.Althoughthewriterofthepoemconsiderstakingtheotherpathanotherdayheknowsitsunlikelythathewilleverhavetheopportunitytodoso.Likethewriter;allwecandoislookbackwardswithasighandimaginewhatcouldhavebeen.无论我们的选择是大是小,它们都有一个共同点,那就是它们都会带来某种结果在大多数情况下一旦我们做了选择,就没有退路虽然这首诗的作者考虑改天再探索另一条路,但是他也知道获得这种机会的可能性微乎其微就像作者一样,我们能做的只有在回首往事时“轻声叹息”,幻想事情本可以成为什么样子Thissighthiswonderingwhetherwemadetherightchoiceisunderstandable.Althoughwemaybefreetochoosewhichpathtotakethischoiceisnteasywhenthosetwopathslooksimilar.PresentedwithtwojoboffersforinstancewemaywonderexactlywhatitiswerechoosingbetweenWhatifinchoosingoneweareunknowinglyturningdownotherfutureopportunitiesWillweeverevenfindoutwhetherwemadetherightchoice这一声叹息,以及我们对是否做出了正确选择的顾虑都是可以理解的虽然我们可以自由地选择走哪一条路,但当两条路看起来大同小异时,其实很难做选择比如当我们同时面对两个工作机会时,我们可能会思索到底我们是在什么当中选择如果我们选择了一份工作而在不知不觉中放弃了其他未来的机会,那该怎么办而我们又甚至能否发现自己是否做出了正确的选择呢?Ultimatelytheroadaheadtheroadthroughourlives-isamixtureofchoiceandchance.AndwhenweareapproachingtheendofthatroadhowwillwerememberthejourneyHowwillwelookbackonourlivesInthepoemthewriterdoubtshischoicethinkingthatinthefutureagesandageshencehemayclaimthathetookthelesstraveledroad.Someofusdotakeamoreunusualpaththroughlifeandwhileitmaybeaharderonetofollowitcanalsoleadtonewadventuresandexperiences.Nonethelesspartoftheartofdecision-makingislearningtomakethemostofourdecisionsInsteadoflookingbackwithregretweshouldbefacingourfuturewithenergyandoptimismforthechoicesareoursandoursonly.最后,前方的路,也就是我们的人生之路,其实是由选择和机会交织而成的当我们快走到尽头时,我们会如何铭记这段旅途我们会如何回顾自己的一生在这首诗中,作者质疑了自己的选择,在“多年之后”的未来,他可能会承认自己选择了一条“人迹较少”的路生活中确实会有一些人选择不寻常的道路,虽然路途更加艰难,但也会带来新的奇遇和经历尽管如此,就做决定的艺术而言,一部分就在于学会充分利用我们的决定我们应该积极乐观地面对未来,而非带着遗憾回顾过去,因为选择在于我们自己,而且它们只属于我们自己Unit2UnderstandingideasTuesdayswithMorrie相约星期二DespitebeingasportsjournalistwithasuccessfulcareeraheadofhimMitchAlbomfeelsthatthereissomethingmissingfromhislife.Thisallchangeswhenheisreunitedwithhisfavouritecollegeprofessor;MorrieSchwartz.OndiscoveringthatMorrieisbeingweakenedbysevereillnessMitchstartsvisitinghimathishouseonTuesdays.TheweeklyconversationsbetweenMitchandMorrieresultinseriesoflessonsonthemeaningoflifeandhowbesttoliveit.米奇•阿尔博姆是一位前途光明的体育新闻记者,可他总觉得生活里少了些什么直到和最喜爱的大学教授莫里•施瓦茨重逢,他的心态才彻底改变米奇得知莫里得了重病,日渐虚弱,便每周二都去教授家看望他米奇和莫里每周的谈二话最终成为一堂堂课,探讨人生意义和如何更好地生活ArthurK阿瑟•KThisbookisaboutdyingbutitisnotpessimistic.Indeeditwasapleasantsurprisetofindthatthisbookisfilledwithjoyandhope.Morriesbraverytowardstheendofhislifeisinspirationalandhasmademevaluemyownlifemore.Infactfarfrombeingbookaboutdeathjtsbookaboutlife.asMorriesaysOnceyoulearnhowtodieyoulearnhowtolive.AsMorrieanticipateshisowndeathheobserveseverythingasthoughthroughneweyes-thethingsaroundhimseemmorebeautifulthaneverbeforeandholdnewmeanings.Fromhiswindowhewatcheseachseasonchangeknowingitcouldbehislast.Thisencouragesustoappreciatewhatwehaveandtomakethemostofeachday.虽然这本书谈论的是死亡,但并不悲观书里洋溢着欢乐和希望,很是让人惊喜莫里面对死亡所展示出的无畏也给人很大的启发,让我更加珍惜自己的生命实际上,这根本不是一本关于死亡的书,而是一本关于生活的书正如莫里所说“懂得了怎样死亡,也就学会怎样生活”到了弥留之际,莫里开始用新的眼光看待周围的一切事物一一切都显得更加美好,也有了新的意义他在窗边看季节更替,知道这可能是生命最后的时光这鼓励我们珍视自己所拥有的一切,充分利用每一天AmyWang埃米・王Ithinkthisbookshouldbeonallschoolreadinglists.AfterfinishingitIfeelIhavebeengivendeeperinsightintotheworldandcanseethingsfromadifferentpointofview.Onthe11thTuesdayMorrieexplainsthatthebigthings-howwethinkwhatwevalue-thoseyoumustchooseyourself.Youcantletanyone-oranysociety-determinethoseforyouWhilewearelivingwetendtogetdistractedbyunimportantthingssuchasgatheringmaterialpossessions.Ithinkitsimportantforyoungpeopletoknowthatmakingalotofmoneywontalwaysmakethemhappyorthatlookingdifferentdoesnmakepersonabnormal!Itsuptoustofindoutwhatisimportantinourlivesandestablishourownvalues.我认为这本书应该列入所有学校阅读书目读完后,我觉得自己对世界有了更深刻的认识,可以从不同的角度看待事物了在第11个星期二,莫里说道:…在重要的问题上比如如何思考、我们珍视什么等方面,你须自己做选择你不能让任何人或社会替你做决定”在我们活着的时候,我们往往会被不重要的事物分散注意力,例如积累物质财富我认为对于年轻人来说,重要的是明白赚很多钱并不总能带来快乐,看上去与众不同并不代表不正常我们应该靠自己去弄清楚生命中什么才是最重要的,并树立我们自己的价值观Morriesaysthatmostpeopleseemhalf-asleepevenwhentheyredoingthingstheythinkareimportant.ReadingthisbookmademefeelasifIdbeenwokenupfromalongsleepandfinallyopenedmyeyestotheworld!莫里说即使大多数人在做自认为重要的事情,他们也是“看上去半睡半醒”的阅读这本书仿佛将我从长觉中唤醒了,让我终于开始睁眼看世界Marty马蒂DespiteitswidespreadrecognitionmyfirstimpressionwasthatTuesdayswithMorrieisjustmadeupofcollectionofover-emotionalthoughtsandmessagesmanyofwhicharerepeated.Butthinkingbackitdidteachmealessonortwo.ThebookmademestopandthinkabouthowmuchIaminfluencedbypopularcultureandtheimportanceofcreatingmyownvaluesbasedonloveandopencommunication.AlthoughitisntmyfavouritebookIdstillrecommendthatpeoplereadit-afterallitissomethingthatsabitdifferent!尽管《相约星期二》这本书得到了广泛的认可,但是我的第一印象是,它只是传达了过于感性的思想和信息,其中有很多是重复的不过现在回想起来,这本书确实给了我一两条经验,它能让我停下来思考流行文化对我的影响,以及在爱与开放式沟通的其础上树立自己的价值观有多么重要虽然这不是我最爱的一本书,但我还是要推荐大家读一读,毕竟它有与众不同的地方!Vivian薇薇安Warning!Aboxoftissueswillbeneededtogetthroughthisbook!MorriesreflectionsonloveandfriendshipmademethinkaboutmylifeandallthegoodfriendsthatIvelosttouchwithalongtheway.ItmademerealisejusthowmuchImissthem.注意了!读这本书时,千万要准备一盒纸巾!莫里对于爱和友谊的思考,使我想起了自己的生活,想起一路走来失去联系的那些好友我才意识到,原来自己如此想念他们Iguessthatsoneofthelessonsofthebook-alwayskeepintouchwiththegoodpeopleyoumeetasyougothroughlife.LikeMitchMorriemakesyouawarethatyouwanttodiefeelingthatyouhavelivedlifetothefullknowingthatyouarelovedandhavelovedothersasmuchasyoucould.AsMorriesfavouritepoetAudensaidLoveeachotherorperish.在人生旅途中,要和你遇到的优秀的人时常保持联系,这或许就是此书想传达给我们的一条经验吧莫里提醒米奇,也提醒了人们:在你将死之时,要感觉你己经活得很充实,要知道自己是被爱的,也一直尽力爱着别人正如莫里最爱的诗人奥登所说的,“不相爱即如死灭”Unit2DevelopingideasTHEBLUEBIRD青鸟ACTIV第四幕TyltylandMytylhavebeensearchingfortheBlueBirdintheLandofMemorythePalaceofNightandtheForest.NowtheyhavearrivedatthePalaceofHappiness.狄蒂尔和梅蒂尔一直在寻找青鸟,他们一行已经踏过了记忆之土、夜宫和森林,现在抵达了幸福之园SCENEII.-ThePalaceofHappiness.第二场幸福之园AtroopofHAPPINESSESrushintothehallsingingTheretheyare!Theyseeus!TheydancemerrilyaroundtheCHILDRENthentheonewhoappearstobethechiefgoesuptoTYLTYLwithhandoutstretched.一群幸福跑进大厅,唱着“他们来了!他们看见我们了!”并围着孩子们欢快地跳起舞来而后,一个头领模样的人走向狄蒂尔,对他伸出了手THEHAPPINESSHowdoyoudoTyltyl幸福:你好,狄蒂尔!TYLTYLWhoareyou狄蒂尔:你是…?THEHAPPINESSDontyourecogniseme幸福:你认不出我了吗?TYLTYLalittleembarrassedWhyno...Idontrememberseeinganyofyou.狄蒂尔有点尴尬哎呀,是认不出…可我不记得见过你们中的任何一位啊AlltheotherHAPPINESSESburstoutlaughing.Whywearetheonlythingsyoudoknow!Wearealwaysaroundyou!Weeatdrinkwakeupbreatheandlivewithyou!其他幸福哄然大笑陷,我们正是你唯一了解的东西啊俄们一直在你周围!我们同你一起吃喝,一起醒来,一起呼吸,一起生活呢!TYLTYLOh...ButIshouldliketoknowwhatyournamesare...狄蒂尔:噢……不过我想知道你们的名字叫什么…THEHAPPINESSIamthechiefoftheHappinessesofyourhome;andallthesearetheotherHappinessesthatlivethere.幸福:我是你家里幸福的领头人;这些是住在你家的其他幸福TYLTYLThenthereareHappinessesinmyhome狄蒂尔:那么,我家里有很多幸福吗?AlltheHAPPINESSESburstoutlaughing.(所有的幸福都哄然大笑)THEHAPPINESSYouheardhim!ArethereHappinessesinhishome!WhyitiscrammedwithHappinesses!Letmeintroducemyselffirst:theHappinessofBeingWell.IamnottheprettiestbutIamthemostimportant.ThisistheHappinessofPureAir;whoisalmosttransparent.HereistheHappinessofLovingOnesParents.HerearetheHappinessoftheBlueSkywhoofcourseisdressedinblueandtheHappinessoftheForest:youwillseehimeverytimeyougotothewindow...幸福:你们听他在说些什么!他家里是不是有很多幸福!嘿,幸福多得都要挤不下了!先介绍一下我自己:我是健康幸福,虽不是最漂亮的,但却是最重要的这个是纯净空气幸福,他几乎是透明的这个是敬爱父母幸福这个是蓝天幸福,他自然是身穿蓝衣这个是森林幸福,你每次走到窗前都能看见他…TTWTLExcusemebutdoyouknowwheretheBlueBirdis狄蒂尔:不好意思,请问你知道青鸟在哪儿吗?THEHAPPINESSHedoesntknowwheretheBlueBirdis!(AlltheHAPPINESSESOFTHEHOMEburstoutlaughing.)幸福:他不知道青鸟在哪儿!(家里所有的幸福哄然大笑)TTLITL(vexed)NoIdonotknow.Theresnothingtolaughat.(Freshburstsoflaughter)狄蒂尔:(恼火了)是,我就是不知道有什么好笑的!(又爆出一阵笑声)THEHAPPNESSHedoesntknow:wellwhatdoyouexpectHeisnomoreabsurdthanthemajorityofmen...幸福:他不知道,好吧,还能怎么样呢他和大多数人一样都不可笑…ACTVI第六幕UnabletofindtheBlueBirdanywherethechildrensaygoodbyetotheirmagicalfriendsandreturnhome.Whiletheyaretryingtotelltheirparentsabouttheiradventurestheirneighbourcomesin.HersickdaughterhaswantedTyltylspetbirdforalongtimebutuntilnowhehasbeenreluctanttogiveittoher.狄蒂尔和梅蒂尔没能找到青鸟,只得同这些神奇的朋友们告别,返回家中到家后,他们正要和父母讲述自己的奇遇,邻居进来了邻居生病的女儿想要狄蒂尔的宠物鸟好久了,但直到现在他也不愿意把鸟送人SCENEII.TheAwakening.第二场醒来(EnterN日GHBOURBERLINGOTalittleoldwomanleaningonastick.)(邻居贝兰戈上场,是一位拄着一根拐杖的矮小的老妇人)MUMMYTYLHowisyourlittlegirl狄蒂尔妈妈:你家小姑娘身体怎么样了?THEN日GHBOUROnlyso-so.Shecantgetup.ButIknowwhatwouldcureher.邻居:马马虎虎,还起不了床可我知道什么能治好她MUMMYTYLYesIknow;itsTyltylsbird.WellTyltylarentyougoingtogiveitatlasttothatpoorlittlething狄蒂尔妈妈:对,我也知道,得用狄蒂尔的鸟喂,狄蒂尔,这下你总该把鸟送给那可怜的小姑娘了吧?TYLTYLMybird!Whyhesblue!Butitsmyturtle-dove!ButhesmuchbluerthanwhenIwentaway!WhythatstheBlueBirdwewerelookingfor!Wewentsofarandhewashereallthetime!ThereMadameBerlingottakehimtoyourlittlegirl.狄蒂尔:我的鸟!呀,它变成了青色!可它是我的小斑鸠啊!颜色怎么比我离开的时候变得更深了!天啊,它肯定是我们一直在找的青鸟!我们走了那么远,没想到它就在这里!给,贝兰戈太太,快把它带给你的小姑娘吧THENEIGHBOURReallyStraightawayandfornothingHowhappyshewillbe!KissingTYLTYL.邻居:真的就这样白送给我了她该多开心啊!亲吻狄蒂LatertheNEIGHBOURenterswithalittlegirlwhocarriesTYLTYLSdoveinherarms.后来,邻居牵着一个小姑娘上场小姑娘怀抱着狄蒂尔的斑鸠THENEIGHBOURDoyouseethemiracleShecanrunshecandanceshecanfly!PushingtheLITTLEGIRLintoTYITYLSarms.ComealongandthankTyltyl.邻居:你们看到这个奇迹了吗她现在能跑能跳,甚至能飞奔呢!把小姑娘推到狄蒂尔怀里快去谢谢狄蒂尔AfterTYITYLkissestheLITTLEGIRLratherawkwardlythetwochildrenlookateachotherwithoutspeaking;thenTYLTYLstrokesthedoveshead.狄蒂尔笨拙地亲吻了小姑娘以后,两人对视,什么也没说随后,狄蒂尔轻抚着斑鸠的头TYLTYLIsheblueenough狄蒂尔:它的青色够深吗?THELITTLLGIRLYesIamsopleasedwithhim.小姑娘:是的,我很喜欢它TYLTYLLIhaveseenbluerones.Butthosewhicharequiteblueyouknowdowhatyouwillyoucantcatchthem.狄蒂尔:我还见过更青的鸟,但是你知道的,那些纯青的鸟,真是怎么捉也捉不住THELITTLLGIRLThatdoesntmatter;heslovely.小姑娘:没关系的,这只就很美了TYLTYLHashehadanythingtoeatIwillshowyou...狄蒂尔:它吃过东西了吗我给你看看它是怎么吃东西的HemovestotakethebirdfromtheLITTLEGIRLShands.Sheresistsinstinctively;andintheirhesitationtheDOVEescapesandfliesaway.他想从小姑娘手里接过青鸟,小姑娘本能地拒绝;在争抢的过程中,斑鸠逃掉并飞走了THELITTLLGIRLwithacryofdespairHeisgone!小姑娘绝望地大喊它飞走了!TYLTYLNevermind.Dontcry.Iwillcatchhimagain.Steppingtothefrontofthestageandaddressingtheaudience.IfanyofyoushouldfindhimwouldyoubesoverykindastogivehimbacktousWeneedhimforourhappinesslateron.狄蒂尔:没关系的,不要哭我会把它抓回来的走到舞台前,面向观众致辞你们若是有谁找到了它,能请你们把它归还给我们吗为了以后的幸福,我们需要它CURTAIN落幕AdaptationfromTheBlueBirdbyMauriceMaeterlinck改编自莫里斯・梅特林克的《青鸟》Unit3Understandingideas。