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提升托福写作的终极秘诀是什么提升托福写作的终极秘诀是什么——仿写在本人教学的这几年中,常常遇到刚接触国外考试的学生抱怨说在写作的过程中不知道如何提升说理部分的逻辑性,如何举出恰当的例子,以及如何完善词句方面的搭配其实,这个问题很简单我们可以回想一下自己小的时候是如何学习中文的在两三岁时,虽然我们并没有参加任何形式的中文课程,但是照样能够学会如何正确地说中文那是因为,我们周围会有父母和其他亲戚以各种形式做着『示范』,这种示范会潜移默化地影响着我们的语言系统,而小时候我们强大的『模仿』能力,会促使我们快速地吸收、积累并应用周围正确的中文知识所以,中文自然而然成为了我们语言体系中流利的母语语言的学习规律是相通的有了正确的『输入』才能有正确的『输出』所以,要想在英文写作中有所提高,我们可以借鉴一些上乘的范文,对其思路、结构、语言等进行模仿,并最终应用在我们自己的文章中这个过程就叫做『仿写』如何做仿写?Stepl通读范文,了解通篇大意,仔细研究各段构思在教学过程中,我会为学生甄选符合国外考试评分标准的优秀范文学生拿到这些范文后,可以从宏观的角度了解作者对于题目的观点,是采用了单边、双边还是中立的角度来进行论证学生还可以从微观的角度,深度分析每个主体段作者是如何通过有逻辑地说理,并配以恰当具体的例子,来证明此段的分论点以下为范文段落实例:forehediscoveredPenicillin.HewentthroughlaborioustrialanderroGbutitwasonaccountofluckthathelookedatthemoldonapieceofcheeseandgottheideaforpenicillinthereandthen.BenjaminFranklinhadbeentryingtoprovehisideathatlightningandelectricityisthesamethingzbutitwasonlyinflyingakitethatheproveditandtheconceptofalightningrodhappenedtostrikehim.AlsoJuckhelpspeoplebecomefamous.Letusconsideryoungauthors.Manyworkhardtolearntowrite.Forexample^heytakewntingclasses.Beside^theyworkatmenialjobssoastosurviveandgainexperience.Thenonedayaluckywritermayhaveapieceofwritingpublishedandattractpublicattention.Orthewritermeetsaneditorattherighttimeandplace.Yearsofcontinuouswritingbringsthewritertothedoorofsuccess^utoneluckychancejiketheshotinsocceceventuallyhelpshimorherreapsuccess.FinallyJuckhashelpedmanypeoplesecurejobs.Onemayspendmuchtimewritingandsendingresumes/eadingrecruitingad^andgoingtojobinterviews.Onemaypoundthepavementforalongtimebeforegettingajob.Howeverjtiswithluckajobhuntermeetsthepersonwhowillofferapositiontohimorhecorlearnsofavacancythatisnotadvertised.Beingattherightplaceattherighttimeoftenhelpsonelandajobzandthishasalltodowithluck.Onecanhardlysucceedwithouthardwor^buthardworkwithoutluckoftenleadstonothing.Luckhashelpedagreatnumberofpeoplefindsuccess.InfactJuckgoeshandinhandwithhardwork.托福写作范文小说还是非小说Whenpeoplesucceedjtisbecauseofhardwork.LuckhasnothingtodowithsuccessDoyouagreeordisagreewiththequotationaboveUsespecificreasonsandexamplestoexplainyourposition.Itisuniversallyacknowledgedthathardworkisindispensabletosuccess.Scientiststoilforyearsbeforetheymakeamajordiscovery.Studentsstudyforyearsbeforetheyareacceptedbyatopuniversity.Self-madepeopleworkforalongtimezevenalltheirlifebeforetheymakeafortune.(举出具体的人物)HoweverJesswell-knownistheessentialrolethatluckplaysinachievingone,sgoals.Itisoftenluckthatturnsyearsofhardworkintosuccess;peoplediscoverandinventthingswiththehelpofluckzandsodotheybecomefamousandfindjobs.FirstJuckhashelpedagreatnumberofpeopleinventanddiscoverthings.SirAIexanderFlemingexpenmentedwithantibacterialsubstancesfornineyearsbeforehediscoveredPenicillin.Hewentthroughlaborioustrialanderrorzbutitwasonaccountofluckthathelookedatthemoldonapieceofcheeseandgottheideaforpenicillinthereandthen.BenjaminFranklinhadbeentryingtoprovehisideathatlightningandelectricityisthesamething^utitwasonlyinflyingakitethatheproveditandtheconceptofalightningrodhappenedtostrikehim.AlsoJuckhelpspeoplebecomefamous.Letusconsideryoungauthors.Manyworkhardtolearntowrite.Forexample^heytakewritingclasses.Besides^heyworkatmenialjobssoastosurviveandgainexperience.Thenonedayaluckywritermayhaveapieceofwritingpublishedandattractpublicattention.Orthewritermeetsaneditorattherighttimeandplace.Yearsofcontinuouswritingbringsthewritertothedoorofsucces^butoneluckychanceJiketheshotinsocceGeventuallyhelpshimorherreapsuccess.FinallyJuckhashelpedmanypeoplesecurejobs.Onemayspendmuchtimewritingandsendingresumes/eadingrecruitingad^andgoingtojobinterviews.Onemaypoundthepavementforalongtimebeforegettingajob.Howeverjtiswithluckajobhuntermeetsthepersonwhowillofferapositiontohimorher;orlearnsofavacancythatisnotadvertised.Beingattherightplaceattherighttimeoftenhelpsonelandajobzandthishasalltodowithluck.Onecanhardlysucceedwithouthardwor^buthardworkwithoutluckoftenleadstonothing.Luckhashelpedagreatnumberofpeoplefindsuccess.InfactJuckgoeshandinhandwithhardwork.Modernsocietyplacesalotofemphasisonsuccess.Thoughsuccessisclearlydesirablejthinkourintensefocusonsuccessisunhealthyandcounterproductive.Peoplewouldbebetterservedbylearninghowtoadoptapositiveattitudetowardsfailure.Step2学习优秀的语言点针对每一篇范文,我会为学生总结出其中用法得到的词组和句式并让学生趁热打铁,强化对这些语料的记忆这种从整体中提取,呈现成个体的形式,会让学生对这些语料的印象更加深刻以下为提取实例
1、placeemphasison=emphasize弓虽调,,主重
2、counterproductiveadj•事与愿违,适得其反的
3、sb.bebetterserved对某人有益servesb.well对某人有帮助,有作用.hopethis“punching-in〃approachwillcontinuetoserveyouwellinthedaystocome.
4、adoptattitudetowards…对…采取某种态度Step3大声朗读,并填入语言点在进行完前两步之后,我会将范文中优秀的语言点删除,并在相应的位置以填空的形式呈现学生需要将刚刚记忆过的语言点再次填入文章段落中这种从个体再回归到整体的过程,会再次强化学生对于语言点及其语法的印象以下为实例Modernsociety关±success.ThoughsuccessisclearlydesirableIthinkourintensefocusonsuccessisunhealthyand(反作用的,适得其反).(人们能获得更多好^b)bylearninghowto(对…采取积极的态度)failure.Step4打开电脑,看着中文提纲,原义输出接下来的步骤是仿写过程中最核心的部分由于大多数学生在初期学习写作的过程中,都是在头脑中想出中文,再翻译成英文所以,我们可以模拟这种过程我将范文翻译成中文版本,然后让学生看着中文,翻译英文在翻译的过程中,学生会按照之前三个步骤中学习到的语言点及其呈现的形式,主动模仿写出一篇完整的文章这种从无到有的过程,会极大地增强学生的自信心,同时也再次强化了对于之前优秀语言点的学习成果以下为中文翻译实例现代社会很注重成功显然人人都想获得成功,但我觉得太关注成功是不健康的而且会适得其反人们通过学习对失败采取积极的态度会让他们受益更多Step5对照范文查漏补缺每个学生在第4步中翻译出来的英文版本,一般都与范文有些出入所以在最后一步中,学生除了可以给老师检查之外,还可以对照第一步中的完整范文自行查看自己文章中出现的单词拼写、语法错误,以及是否应用了之前学过的优秀语后点以下是校正实例综上,仿写可以使学生通过『模仿』,学习到正确的文章构思方式,结构的类型,以及优秀的语言点止匕外,仿写的整个过程也是通过让学生不断地重复使用这些语言点,达到吸收以及内化的效果与此同时,学生通过仿写这种从无到有的过程,可以打破对于写作的恐惧,增强自信心,加深对于国外写作考试的理解,切实提高写作功底托福写作范文强制上课还是有选择性上课Somepeoplebelievethatuniversitystudentsshouldberequiredtoattendclasses.Othersbelievethatgoingtoclassesshouldbeoptionalforstudents.WhichpointofviewdoyouagreewithUsespecificreasonsanddetailstoexplainyouranswer.Somepeoplethinkthatuniversitystudentsshouldbeabletochoosewhethertogotoclassesornot.Icouldnotdisagreemorewiththisidea.Eventhoughstudentscanhaveexcusedabsenceszforexamplewhentheyaresickorhavesomethingemergenttoattendto^enerallytheyshouldberequiredtogotoclasses.Infactzattendingclasseshasmanyadvantageszthreeofthemmostimportant:learningfromtheteacherzinteractingwithclassmateszanddevelopingresponsibility.Attendingclasseshasthebenefitofreceivingthebestthatateachercanoffer.Goodteachersreviewthedifficultandkeypointsofthematerialinthecoursetextbook.Thebestteachersdomorethanthis.TheyconductgroupdiscussionofthemateriaLandpresentalternativepointsofviewonthesameissue.Thisincreasesstudentsrealunderstandingandcriticalthinking.MoreoveGteacherssuppIementthetextbookmaterialwithinformationprovidedbyguestspeakers^hichfurtherenhancesstudentsunderstanding.Allthisimpliesthatjfstudentsareabsentfromclassjtistantamounttoforfeitingtheirrighttofullbenefitsofteacher-guidedlearninginclass.Goingtoclassesalsohelpsstudentslearnhowtoworkwiththeirclassmates.Inclassstudentsneedtoputforwardtheindeas.Theyhavetotakequestionsfromtheirclassmatesandwhentheirclassmateshaveadifferentpointofviewztheyhavetodefendtheirown.Allthisisconductedinafriendlymanner.Interactionofthiskindteachesstudentsabouthowtoworkwithotherpeople.Finall^goingtoclassesenablesstudentstodevelopresponsibility.Havingtofinishalltheassignedreadingsbeforeclasshelpspreparethemforgettingajob.Sodoesrequirementofbeingpunctualforclass.Similarlyzhavingtocompleteassignmentsontimeforclasshelpsthemtofosterresponsibility.Admittedly^tudentscanobtaininformationfrombooks^uttheybenefitagreatdealmorewhentheygotoclasses.Theyhavetheadvantageoflearningfromtheirteachenofinteractingwithotherpeoplezandofdevelopingtheresponsibilityrequiredofagoodworkeraswellasagoodstudent.Iftheseskillsinlifeareinnosenseoptionalzhowcanattendingclassesinauniversitybeoptional原文来源哈佛20篇托福范文解析.Attendingclasseshasthebenefit(好处=advantages)ofreceivingthebestthatateachercanoffer.上课有能够接收最好的老师提供信息的好.Goodteachersreviewthedifficultandkeypoints(重^)ofthematerialinthecoursetextbook.好老师复习课本材料上的重难点.Thebestteachersdomorethan(不仅)this.最好的老师不仅做这些.Theyconductgroupdiscussion(进行小组讨论)ofthematerial/andpresentalternative(不同的)pointsofview(观点)0nthesameissue.他们对材料进行小组讨论,并且对同一问题提出不同观点.Thisincreasesstudentsrealunderstandingandcnticalthinking(}tt^0思维).这会增加学生的真正理解和批片性思维.Moreover(而且二furthermore,表示递进关系)teacherssupplement(补充)thetextbookmaterialwithinformationprovidedbyguestspeakers(done做后置定语)whichfurtherenhances(提升促进=improve)studentsunderstanding.而且,老师会用客座教授提供的信息对课本材料进行补充,这会进一步提升学生的理解.Allthisimplies(暗示,说明二indicates)thatifstudentsareabsent(缺席的)fromclassjtistantamount(相等的)toforfeiting(剥夺)theirrighttofullbenefitsof(发挥…的好处)teacher-guided(老师引导的students-centered学生中//的)learninginclass.所有的这些意味着,如果学生缺席课堂,这等同于剥夺他们发挥老师引导的课堂的好处.Goingtoclassesalsohelpsstudentslearnhowtoworkwith(与...合作)theirclassmates.上课也会帮助学生学会如何与同学合作.Inclasszstudentsneedtoputforward(^L±j)theirideas.ffi^^±学生需要突出他们的观点.Theyhavetotake(havetodo不得不/必须做sth)questionsfromtheirclassmatesandwhentheirclassmateshaveadifferentpointofviewztheyhavetodefend(H¥iP)theirown.他们必须接受来自同学们的问题而且danger他们的同学有不同观点时,他们必须为自己的观点辩护.Allthisisconducted(做)inafriendlymanner.Interactionofthiskind(这种互动)teachesstudentsabouthowtoworkwithotherpeople.这种互动教给学生如何与他人合作
12.Finallyzgoingtoclassesenablesstudentstodevelop(enablesbtodosth使某人能做某事)responsibiIity.最后,上课使学生能够培养责任心
13.Havingtofinishalltheassigned(布置的)readingsbeforeclasshelpspreparethemforgetting(preparesbfordoing为sb做Sth做准备刈0b.必须在上课前完成布置的阅读帮助他们为将来找到工作做准备
14.Sodoes(sodoes/do...…也是)requirementofbeingpunctualfor(准时…)class.课堂准时的要求也是如此
15.Similarlyzhavingtocompleteassignmentsontime(punctually)forclasshelpsthemtofosterresponsibility(=developresponsibility).同理,必须按时完成课堂作业帮助他们培养责任心
16.Admittedly(诚然,表示让步关系)studentscanobtaininformation(获得信息,obtain=gain=acquire)frombooksbuttheybenefit(v.受益)agreatdeal(许多)morewhentheygotoclasses.诚然,学生可以从书本上获得信息,但是当他们去上课的时候,他们获益更多
17.Theyhavetheadvantage(=benefit)oflearningfromtheirteacher/ofinteractingwithotherpeoplezandofdevelopingtheresponsibilityrequiredofagoodworker(后置定语)aswellas(=andtfe)agoodstudent.他们有向老师学习,和其他人互动和培养一个好员工所需的责任心的好处
18.1ftheseskillsinlifeareinnosense(=not不是)optional(可选择0$])zhowcanattendingclassesinauniversitybeoptional如果这些生活技能不是可选择的,在大学上课怎么能选择呢?托福写作范文成功依靠勇气还是依靠运气Whenpeoplesucceedjtisbecauseofhardwork.Luckhasnothingtodowithsuccess/DoyouagreeordisagreewiththequotationaboveUsespecificreasonsandexamplestoexplainyourposition.Itisuniversallyacknowledgedthathardworkisindispensabletosuccess.Scientiststoilforyearsbeforetheymakeamajordiscovery.Studentsstudyforyearsbeforetheyareacceptedbyatopuniversity.Self-madepeopleworkforalongtimezevenalltheirlifebeforetheymakeafortune.(举出具体的人物)HoweverJesswell-knownistheessentialrolethatluckplaysinachievingone,sgoals.Itisoftenluckthatturnsyearsofhardworkintosuccess;peoplediscoverandinventthingswiththehelpofluckzandsodotheybecomefamousandfindjobs.FirstJuckhashelpedagreatnumberofpeopleinventanddiscoverthings.SirAIexanderFlemingexperimentedwithantibacterialsubstancesfornineyearsbe。