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一.There is no句型
1.Thereisnodoing结构其意为“不可能…”、“无法…”There’snodenyingthefact.这一事实不容否认Thereisnogettingoverthedifficulty.这困难无法克服Thereisnoknowingwhathewilldonext.无法知道他下一步要干什么Therewasnotellingwhenshewouldbeback没法知道她什么时候回来
2.Thereisnodifficultyindoingsth结构意为“做某事没有困难”Thereisnodifficultyinfindinghisoffice.找到了他的办公室没费一点劲Therewasnodifficultyincarryingouttheplan.执行这项计划没什么困难
3.There’snodoubtofsth./dongsth/that…结构意为“毫无疑问…”Thereisnodoubtofhissuccess.毫无疑问他一定会成功Therecouldbenodoubtthathewasoneofthebestwriterinthiscountry.毫无疑问他是这个国家最优秀的作家之一
4.Thereisnohurrytodosth句式其意为“不用急于做某事”There’snohurrytoreturnthebook.现在不急于还书There’snohurrysodoitslowlyandcarefully.不用赶时间,要慢慢细心地做
5.There’snoneedforsb.todosth.…结构其意为“不需要或不必要…”Thereisnoneedforhelp.不需要帮助Thereisnoneedforyoutogo.你没有必要去
6.Thereisnosenseindoingsth结构意为“做某事没有道理或好处”There’snosenseincriticizinghim.批评他也没有用There’snosenseinwaitingthreehours.等三小时是不没有道理的
7.There’snopointindoingsth句式意为“做某事没有用”There’snopointintellingheraboutis.告诉她没有用There’snopointinwastingtime.耗时间没用【注】以上有的结构中的no根据情况也可换成其他限定词Thereissomedifficultyindoingsth意为“做某事有些困难”Thereismuchdifficultyindoingsth意为“做某事许多困难”There’saneedfor…意为“需要或有必要…”二.prefer句型 1prefertodosth 例Iprefertostayathome. 2preferdoingsth 例Ipreferplayingindefence. 3prefersbtodosth 例Wouldyouprefermetostay 4prefertodosthratherthandosth ……宁愿…...而不愿.….例句Iprefertostayathomeratherthangoout5preferdoingsthtodoingsth 例Ipreferwatchingfootballtoplayingit.6prefersthtosth 例Ipreferteatocoffee. 我要茶不要咖啡三. seem句型 1It+seems+that从句 例Itseemedthateveryonewassatisfied.2Itseemstosbthat--- 例Itseemstomethatsheisright. 3Thereseemstobe---- 例Thereseemstobeaheavyrain. 4Itseemsasif---- 例Itseemedthatshecouldntcometoclass.四.相差/增加(了/到……)表示“相差……;增加了……;增加到……”句型 1SheistallerthanIbythreeinches.她比我高三英寸 2Thereisoneyearbetweenus.我们之间相差一岁 3 SheisthreeyearsoldthanI 她比我大三岁 4Theyhaveincreasedthepriceby50%.他们把价格上涨了50%五.too句型 1too...todosth. 例Politicsistooimportanttobelefttothepoliticians.(=Politicsissoimportantthatitcantbelefttothepoliticians.) 2 cant…too+形容词 无论……也不为过 例Wecannotemphasizetheimportanceofprotectingoureyestoomuch.六.感叹句型 1Whata+Adj+N+S+V!例Whatanimportantthingitistokeepourpromise! 2How+Adj+a+N+V!(多么...!)例Howimportantathingitistokeepourpromise! 3How+S+V!例句HowIwanttogotoBeijing!七.情态动词句型(含否定)shouldwouldcouldmightoughtto完成时,表示过去本该做,打算做,想做而未做的事情.
1.shouldhavedone=oughttohavedone 本应该做而没做
2.wouldhavedone=本来就会去做某事而没做
3.couldhavedone=本可以做某事而没做
4.mighthavedone 本可以做而没做例Theyoughttohaveapologized. 他们本该道歉的
5.musthavedonesth一定做过某事 否定形式cant/couldn’t havedone例Shemusthavecomeherelastnight. Shecanthavegonethere
6.mayhavedonesth 可能做过某事 否定形式maynothavedone例Philipmayhavebeenhurtseriouslyinthecaraccident.
7.mighthavedonesth或许做过某事否定形式:mightnothavedone例Shemighthaveknownwhatthebottlecontained.
8.shouldhavedonesth估计已经做了某事 否定形式shouldnothavedone例Sheshouldhavearrivedinherofficebynow.八.动词不定式句型 1Ittakes/took/willtakesb.sometime/moneytodosth.某人花/花了/将花多长时间/多少钱做某事.例句IttookmeyearsofhardworktospeakgoodEnglish. 2Itis+adj+for/ofsbtodosth例ItwascarelessofTomtobreakthecup. 3Sb.have/has/hadnochoicebuttodo...某人除了做……别无选择.例句Wehadnochoicebuttotakeataxiforwedmissedthelastbus. 4Itsnot/justlikesb.todosth.……的行为不/正像某人的一贯作风.例ltsnotlikeJimtobelateforclass.Heregardstimeasthemostimportantthinginlife. 5…形容词/副词+enoughtodosth.例IwasfortunateenoughtotraveltoSouthAfrica.. 6Itpaysto+V~~~(...是值得的) 例句Itpaystohelpothers. 7Itcostsbsometime/moneytodosth例Itmustcostagooddealtolivehere.住这儿一定会花很多钱的8 doallhecouldto dosth dowhathecouldtodosth doeverythinghecouldtodosth例Theyweredoingeverythingtheycouldtohelpthefatherland. 9Itishardtoimagine/say… 很难想象/说……例ItishardtoimaginehowEdisonmanagedtoworktwentyhourseachday. Itshardtosaywhethertheplanispractical.九.动名词常用句型 1 ...havetrouble/difficulty/ahardtime/adifficulttimeindoingsth. 有困难做某事例Peoplefromthetwocountriesdonothaveanydifficultyinunderstandingeachother.2upon/ondoingsth一……就……例Upon/Onhearingtheunexpectednewshewassosurprisedthathecouldntsayaword.3Thereisno/somedifficulty/troubleindoingsth.例Thereisnodifficultyinsolvingthissocialproblem.4Thereisnoneed/useharm/hurryindoingsth例Thereisnoneedinsendingsuchexpensivepresent.5spendsometime/moneyindoingsth例Theysaychildrenspendtoomuchtimechattingandplayinggamesinsteadoffocusingontheirschoolwork.6Itsnouse/good/worthdoingsth例It’snousetalkingwithhim.Hewon’tlistentoyou.7Itsawasteoftime/money/energydoing例ItsawasteoftimewatchingTVprogrammeasthis.十. since句型1Since+S+过去式,S+现在完成式例句Sincehewenttoseniorhighschoolhehasworkedveryhard. 自从他上高中,他一直很用功 2Itis+ ---+since S+持续性谓语动词(表否定)例Itisthreeyearssinceshelivedhere.她已三年不住这儿了 3Itis/hasbeen+---+sinceS+瞬间谓语动词(表肯定)例ItisyearssinceIstoppedsmoking).我戒烟已经数年了十一.more... than句型 1more---than 与其……不如……例Heismorelazythanslowathiswork.=Heislessslowthanlazyathiswork. 2morethan 超过;不仅仅是;非常例Theseflagsaremorethanjustcolorfulpiecesofclothandthreadsewntogether. 3notmorethan 最多,不超过例Theyfinishedtheprojectinnotmorethanoneyear. 4nomorethan 仅仅例TheofficialscouldseenomorethantheEmperor.十二 .感叹句what句型What+名词+ 陈述语序 What+a+形容词+名词+ 陈述语序 What+形容词+复数名词+陈述语序 What+形容词+不可数名词+陈述语序 具体说来,表达强烈情绪(喜、怒、哀、乐、惊、恐等)的句子叫做感叹句,强烈情绪的表达通常有下列三种方式 (a)使用感叹词;(b)只用情绪感觉的语词,例如 Water!Water!Quick! (水!水!快!——如救火或救人时) Whattaste! (这是什么味道啊!——如吃到怪味时) (c)使用“How…!”或“What(a)…!”的句式,例如 HowbeautifulyouareHelen! 海伦,你是多么美!Whatabeautifulfloweritis! 这一朵花多么美! 本句式的主语动词也可以省去以突显情绪的强烈感,例如 Howcruel(theyare)! 真是惨绝人寰!——如听到绑票的撕票案等Howbeautiful(theseflowersare)! 这些花多美啊!(d)使用简短的陈述句配合音调也可以表达感叹,例如 Youarekidding! 你在开玩笑!——表示惊讶 Iloveyou 我爱你!——表示喜欢Ihateyou! (我恨你!——表示愤怒或绝望
一、用what引导的感叹句有三种句式,此时,what为形容词,用作定语,修饰它后面的名词或名词词组
1.What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!例如 Whatafinedayitis!(多么好的天气啊!) Whatanoldbuildingthatis!(那是一栋多么破旧的楼房啊!)
2.What+形容词+可数名词复数形式+主语+谓语!例如 Whatgoodteacherstheyare! (他们是多么好的老师啊!) Whatbeautifulflowerstheseare!(这些是多么美丽的花啊!)
3.What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语!例如 Whatthickicewearehavinghere!(我们这儿的冰多厚啊!) Whatroundbreaditis!(这是一块多么圆的面包啊!)
二、用how开头的感叹句也有三种句式,此时,how是副词,用作状语,修饰后面的形容词、副词或动词
4.How+形容词+主语+谓语!例如Howhotitistoday!今天天气多热啊!Howbeautifultheflowersare! 这些花多么美丽啊!
5.How+副词+主语+谓语!例如Howhardheworks! 他工作多么努力啊!Howwellshesings! 她歌唱得多好啊!
6.How+主语+谓语!例如Howshedances!(她跳舞跳得多好啊!)注意what和how引起的感叹句,在口语中常可以省略主语、谓语或其它句子成分例如 Howcold(itis)!Whatagoodgirl!Whatdeliciousfish十三.It句型
1.Itis+被强调部分+that... 该句型是强调句型将被强调的部分放在前面,其它部分置于that之后被强调部分可以是主语,宾语,表语或状语强调的主语如果是人,that可以由who换用如果把这种句型结构划掉后,应该是一个完整无缺的句子这也是判断强调句型与其它从句的方法 Itwasabout600yearsagothatthefirstclockwithafaceandanhourhandwasmade. Itwastheythatwhocleanedtheclassroomyesterday. ItwasinthestreetthatImetherfather.
2.Itisnotuntil+被强调部分+that... 该句型也是强调句型主要用于强凋时间状语,译成汉语“直到……才……”,可以说是not...until...的强调形式 ItwasnotuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesthatIrealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.=NotuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesdidIrealizeshewasafamousfilmstar.=Ididntrealizeshewasafamousfilmstaruntilshetookoffherdarkglasses.
3.Itisclearobvioustruepossiblecertain…that… 该句型中it是形式主语,真正的主语是that引导的主语从句,常译为“清楚(显然,真的,肯定……)”是主语从句最常见的一种结构 Itisveryclearthathesroundandtalllikeatree. =Thathesroundandtalllikeatreeisveryclear.
4.Itisimportantnecessaryrightstrangenatural...that... 该句型和上一个同属一个句型由于主句中的形容词不同,that后的从句中要用虚拟语气(should+动词原形),should可以省去建议记住该句型中的形容词 ItisimportantthatweshouldlearnEnglishwell. Itisnecessarythatheshouldrememberthesewords.
5.Itissaidreportedlearned…that… 该句型中的it仍是形式主语,真正主语是that引导的主语从句该结构常译为“据说(据报道,据悉……)” ItissaidthathehascometoBeijing. Itisreportedthatanotherman-madesatellitehasbeenputintoorbit
6.Itissuggestedorderedrequired...that... 该句型和上一个同属一个句型主句中的过去分词是表示请求,建议,命令等词时,that后的从句要用虚拟语气(should+动词原形),should可以省常译为“据建议;有命令……)” Itissuggestedthatthemeetingshouldbeputoff. Itwasorderedthatweshouldarrivethereintwohours.
7.Itisapityashame...that... 该句型中,that后的从句一般用虚拟语气(should+动词原形),should可省去.表示出乎意料,常译为“竟然”没有这种意义时,则不用虚拟语气 Itisapitythatsuchathingshouldhappeninyourclass. 这种事竟然发生在你们班上,真是遗憾! Itisapitythatheisill.他生病了,真遗憾!
8.Itistimeabouttimehightimethat... 该句型中that后的从句应该用虚拟语气,值得注意的是
①常用过去时态表示虚拟.
②有时也用should+动词原形,should不能省常译为“是(正是)……的时侯……” Itistimethatchildrenshouldgotobed. =Itistimethatchildrenwenttobed.
9.It/Thisisthefirstsecond…timethat… 该句型要和上一个句型区别开来该句型中的that从句不用虚拟语气,而用完成时态至于用什么完成时态,由主句的谓语动词的时态决定如果是一般现在时,后面从句用现在完成时态;如果是一般过去时,后面从句则用过去完成时态该结构中that可以省去;it有时用this替换,常译为“是第一
(二)……次……” ItisthefirsttimeIhavebeenhere.=ThisisthefirsttimeIhavebeenhere.
10.Itis…since... 该句型主要用作处理瞬间动词的完成时,又要和表示一段时间的时间状语连用的问题主句中是时间作表语,其时态是现在时或完成时,since引导的从句通常是一般过去时态,而且是瞬间动词如果主句是一般过去时,从句则用过去完成时 Itishasbeen5yearssincehisfatherdied.
11.Itis...when... 该句型中的when引导的是一个时间状语从句,主句中的it指时间,表语由具体的时间充当常译为“当……的时候,是……” Itwas5oclockwhenhecamehere.
12.Itbe...before... 该句型主句中的it指时间主句中的时态常是将来一般时或过去时两种时态.主句中的表语多是longnotlong3days2weeks等表示时间段的词或短语常译为“……过了多久之后就/才……” Itwas3daysbeforehewenttoBeijing. Itwillbenotlongbeforehefinisheshisjob.
13.Ithappensthat... 该句型中it是形式主语,that引导的是主语从句,主句中的happen是不及物动词. Ithappenedsohappenedthathemethisteacherinthestreet. 碰巧……
14.Ittakessb.…todosth. 该句型中的不定式是真正的主语,it是形式主语,句型中的直接宾语是时间常译为“做……要花费某人……” IttookthousandsofpeoplemanyyearstobuildtheGreatWall.
15.Itisnogoodusedoingsth. 该句型中的真正主语是动名词短语,主句中的表语可以是nogoodnotanygoodnousenotanyuse ItisnogoodlearningEnglishwithoutspeakingEnglish.
16.Itdoesntmatterwhether... 该句型中whether引导的从句是真正主语,该句型常译为“不论(是否)……没关系…… Itdoesntmatterwhethertheyareoldornot.
17.Itiskindofsb.todosth. 该句型中的不定式短语是真正主语,如果不定式的逻辑主语是由of引起,主句中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语特征的形容词常见的有:badbravecarelessclevercruelfoolishgood好心的honesthorriblekindlazymodestnaughtynice有教养的politerudesillystupidwisewrong错误的等这个句型可以改写为sb.iskindtodosth. Itiskindofyoutosayso. =Youarekindtosayso.
18.Itisnecessaryforsb.todosth. 该句型与上一个同属一个句型不定式的逻辑主语由for引起,形容词通常表示重要性,紧迫性,频繁程度,难易,安全等情况常见的形容词有
①importantnecessarynatural
②easysafecommonnormalharddifficultdangerousunusual impossiblepleasant 等如Itisimportantforhertocometotheparty. =Itisimportantthatsheshouldcometotheparty
19.Itseems/appearsthat 看来…… Itseems/appearsthathewillbebackinafewdays. Itlooksseemsasif...该句型中it无意义 asif 引导一个状语从句常译为,“看起来好像……"如果与事实不相符合,则用虚拟语气. Itlooksasifheisill.(真的病了) Itseemedasifheweredying.虚拟语气。