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考研外语提分冲刺试卷10
一、UseofEnglish1Ashumanchildrenareunusuallydependentfaranunusuallylongtimeitsobviousthateverysocietymustprovideadomesticcontextinwhichthechildrenarebroughtupandeducated.Inpresent-dayEnglishtheword〃familyhastwomeanings:firstlythe1groupofparentsandchildren;andsecondlya2ofrelationswhomightbeexpectedto3ataweddingora
4.Atthefirstlevelmybrothersandsistersandmyselfareallinthesame5aschildrenbutindifferentonesasparents;butatthesecond6wereallinthesamefamilyfromstarttofinish.Asnuclearfamiliesbecomemore7familiesofrelationsbecomemoredispersed分散.TheyoungmothercanstilltalktoherMumonthephonebutshecantaskherto8forafewminutestowatchthebaby.Ideasaboutthe9ofwomenhavebeenchanging:wivesarethoughttobethe10oftheirhusbandsratherthantheir
11.Butperhapstheyremore12enslavedtotheirchildrenthanbefore.Thepointisthattheredoesn,tseemtobeany
13.ThereasayinghandeddownfromimperialRomeafalsesymbolforthemassesasayingofmade-upsignificance
5、Thebesttitleofthepassagemaybe.A.TheRight-handDiamondRingB.WhoWearstheRight-handDiamondRingC.TheRight-handRingsMomentumD.ATallOrderforJewelry
6、WhentheywerechildrenTerriSchiavosbrotherBobbyaccidentallylockedherinasuitcase.Shetriedsohardtogetoutthatthesuitcasejumpedupanddownandscreamed.Thescenepredictedhorriblyhowshewouldendthoughbythatstageshehadneitherwalkednortalkedformorethan15years.BythetimeshefinallydiedonMarch31stherbodyhadbecomeaboxoutofwhichshecouldnotescape.MorethanthatithadbecomeaboxoutofwhichtheUnitedStatesgovernmentCongressthepresidentthegovernorofFloridaandanarmyofevangelicalprotestorsandbloggerswouldnotletherescape.Herlifewhateveritsqualitybecamethepropertynotmerelyofherhusbandwhohadthelegalrighttospeakforherandherparentswhohadbroughtherupbutofthecourtsthestateandthousandsofself-appointedmedicalandpsychologicalexpertsacrossthecountry.ThechiefdifferencebetweenhercaseandthoseofKarenQuinlanandNancyCruzanmuchearliervictimsofPersistentVegetativeStatePVSwastheexistenceoftheinternet.WhenpostedvideotapesshowedMrs.Schiavoapparentlysmilingandcommunicatingwiththosearoundherdoctorscalledthesemerereflexactivitybuttothelaymantheyseemedtorevealahumanbeingwhoshouldnotbekilled.OnMarch20thaCATscanofMrs.Schiavosbrain-thegreymatterofthecerebralcortexmoreorlassgonereplacedbycerebrospinalfluid-waspostedonabiog.ByMarch29thithadbrought390passionateandwarringresponses.Allthisoutsideinterferencecouldonlyexacerbatetherealcrueldilemmasofthecase.AfteraheartattackinFebruary1990whenshewas26Mrs.Schiavosbrainwasdeprivedofoxygenforfiveminutesandirreparablydamaged.Forawhileherfamilyhopedshemightberehabilitated.HerhusbandMichaelboughthernewclothesandwheeledherroundartgalleriesincaseherbraincouldrespond.By1993hewassureitcouldnotandwhenshecaughtaninfectionhedidnotwanthertreated.Herparentsdisagreedandclaimedshecouldrecover.Fromthatpointthefamilysplitandlitigationstarted.Eachsidebackedbylegionsofsupportersaccusedtheotherofmoney-grubbingandbadfaith.AFloridacourttwiceorderedMrs.SchiavosfeedingtubetoberemovedandJebBushthegovernorofFloridaoverruledit.ThefinalremovalofthetubeonMarch18thwasfollowedbyanextraordinarysceneintheearlyhoursofMarch21stwhenGeorgeBushsignedintolawabillallowingMrs.Schiavosparentstoappealyetagaintoafederalcourt.Butbythenthecourtsandtwo-thirdsofAmericansthoughtthatenoughwasenough.OnMarch24ththeSupremeCourtdeclinedtohearthecase.Thefirstparagraphimpliesthat.A.TerriSchiavohadamiserablechildhoodB.TerriSchiavohadaviciousbrotherBobbyC.anaccidentaleventindicatesTerriSchiavoshorribleendingD.TerriSchiavoisanunfortunatewoman
7、InthesentenceMorethanthatithadbecomeabox.../zLine1Para.2〃it〃A.referstoTerriSchiavoslifeB.referstoTerriSchiavosbodyisusedforemphasisisusedasanticipatorysubjectWhatsdoctorsopiniononMrs.SchiavoscaseA.Sheislifeless.B.Sheisconscious.C.Sheshowssignoflife.D.Herbrainshowsthesignoflife.ThecrueldilemmasofSchiavoscasehasin.A.aheartattackinFebruary1990herbraindeprivedofoxygenforfiveminutesC.aninfectionshecaught3yearslaterD.thedisagreementbetweenherparentsandherhusbandonhertreatmentFromthelastparagraphwemayinferthatonSchiavoscase.theFloridacourtandthegovernorofFloridaareinthesameopinionGeorgeBushstandsonthesideofMrs.Schiavoshusbandtwo-thirdsofAmericanssupportMrs.SchiavosparentsD.theSupremeCourthasthefinalsay11Bythe1950sand60sgoingforChinese〃hadbecomepartofthesuburbanvernacular.InplaceslikeNewYorkCityeatingChinesefoodbecameintertwinedwiththetraditionsofotherethnicgroupsespeciallythatofJewishimmigrants.ManyJewishfamiliesfaithfullyvisitedtheirfavoriteChineserestauranteverySundaynight.AmongthemenusintheexhibitionareselectionsfromGlattWok:KosherChineseRestaurantandTakeoutinMonseyN.Y.andWokToyinCedarhurstN.Y.Until1965Cantonese-speakingimmigrantsmainlyfromthecountyofToisandominatedtheindustryandmenusreflectedastandardrepertoryoftastybutblandAmericanizationsofCantonesedishes.ButlooseningimmigrationrestrictionsthatyearbroughtafloodofpeoplefrommanydifferentregionsofChinastartingauthenticityrevolution〃saidEdSchoenfeldarestaurateurandChinesefoodconsultant.TopchefswhoweretrainedinspicyandmoreunusualregionalspecialtieslikeHunanandSichunancookingcametoNewYorkthenMr.Schoenfeldsaid.PresidentRichardM.NixonstriptoChinain1972awakenedinterestinthecountryandaccountsofhismealshelpedwhetdinersappetitesfornewdishes.AnillustrationofascowlingNixonwithapairofchopsticksglaresdownfromthewallattheexhibition.HunanandSichuanrestaurantsinNewYorkinfluencedthetasteofthewholecountryMr.Schoenfeldsaid.DisheslikeGeneralTsoschickenandcrispyorangebeefcaughtoneverywhere.ButaswiththeCantonesefoodbeforeitMr.Schoenfeldsaidthecookingdegradedovertimeasitbecamemassproduced.Todaysbatter-friedsyrup-ladenversionofChinesefoodhesaidbearslittleresemblancetoauthenticcuisine.TherealexplosionofChineserestaurantsthatmadethemubiquitouscameinthe1980ssaidBettyXieeditorofChineseRestaurantNews.NowyouseetherearealmostoneortwoChineserestaurantsineverytownintheUnitedStates〃shesaid.TherearesignsthatsomehavetiredofChinesefood.A2022ZagatsurveyshowedthatitspopularityhasebbedsomewhatinNewYorkCity.ButthejourneyoftheChineserestaurantremainsthestoryoftheAmericandreamasexperiencedbyaconstantbutevolvingstreamofChineseimmigrantswhorealizedthepotentialof12-hourdaysborrowedcapitalandawillingnesstocookwhateverAmericanswanted.Salesmarginsaretightandwagesarelow.RestaurantsarepassedfromonefamilymembertothenextorsoldbyoneChinesefamilytoanother.OftenacontingencywrittenintoSalescontractsisthatthepreviousownerstrainthenewowners.〃ThecompetitioninChinesecommunitiesiscutthroat/zMr.Chentheco-curatorsaid.〃WhatpeoplerealizeisyoucanmakemuchmuchbetterprofitinplaceslikeMontana.Fromthefirstparagraphweknowthatbythe1950sand60sChinesefoodwasafavoriteof.A.thesuburbandwellersB.NewYorkersC.ethnicimmigrantsJewishimmigrantsWhatisthefactorthatcontributestoZauthenticityrevolution^ThearrivalofCantonese-speakingimmigrants.BlandAmericanizationsofCantonesedishes.Relaxedcontroloverimmigrationrestrictions’.°16GreatnumberofpeoplefromdifferentregionsofChinaAllthefollowinghelpedtheexplosionofChineserestaurantsintheU.S.EXCEPT.A.PresidentRichardM.NixonstriptoChinaB.HunanandSichuandishesC.GeneralTsoschickenandcrispyorangebeefD.Todaysbatter-friedsyrup-ladenversionofChinesefoodAccordingtotheauthorChinesefoodinNewYorkCity.isonthedeclineremainsthestoryoftheAmericandreamC.servesstreamofChineseimmigrantsD.supplieswhateverAmericanswantedJudgingfromthecontext“cutthroat〃inthelastparagraphmaybereplacedby.killermurdererC.verycruelD.dangerous
16、Itvanishedin2022aresultofabadfall.Asmyneurosurgeonexplainedwhenmyheadhitthegroundmybrainsloshedaroundwhichsmasheddelicatenerveendingsinmyolfactorysystem.Maybethey11repairthemselvesshesaidinwhatstruckmeasmuchtoocasualatoneandmaybetheywont.IfIhadtolosesomethingitmightaswellhavebeensmell;atleastnothingaboutmypersonalityormymemoryhadchangedascanhappenwithheadtrauma.Soitseemedalmostchurlishtofeelasthemonthswentonsodevastatedbythisparticularloss.ButIwasheartbroken.MysenseofsmellwasalwayssomethingItookpleasurein.WithoutscentIfeltasffIwerewalkingaroundthecitywithoutmycontactlensesdealingwithpeoplewhilewearingearplugsmovingthroughsomethingstickyandthick.Thesharpnessofthingstheirspecificitydiminished.Icouldn,teventellwhenthemilkhadgonebad.OddlymysenseoftasteremainedperfectlyfinebutIwasstillnervousaboutopeningacartonofyogurtwithouthavingsomeonenearbytosniffitforme.Ihadbeenstrippedofthesensewealluseoftenwithoutrealizingittonegotiatetheworldtoknowwhichthingsaresafeandwhicharedangerous.AfternearlyayearItalkedtoacolleaguesavvyingaboutneuro-sciencewhosuggestedItrytoretrainmysenseofsmellontheassumptionthatthenerveendingshadrepairedthemselvesbutthatsomethingwasstillbrokenalongthepathwayfromnosetobrainwhereodormoleculesactivateolfactoryreceptorsthesubjectofthisyearsNobel-winningresearch.HeradvicewastoexposemyselftostrongdistinctivefragrancesaskingthepersonIwaswithtotellmeexactlywhatIwassmellingevenifIwasntconsciousofsmellinganythingatall.Ibeganstickingmynoseintoeverythingthatseemedlikelytohaveascent一thecumininthespicecabinetfreshlygroundcoffeeredwine.Iinterruptedfriendsmidsentenceifwehappenedtobewalkingpastapizzaplaceoragarbagetruckandaskedstupidly〃Whatareyousmellingnow〃Slowlythesmelltherapystartedtowork.AtfirstdistressinglyallIcouldsmellwereunnaturalscents:dandruffshampoofurniturepolishacloudofafter-shavefromastockyyoungman.ThefirsttimeIsmelledcutgrassagaininthesmallparkneartheAmericanMuseumofNaturalHistorywasalmostexactlytwoyearsaftermyfall.Itmademecry.Thetearsembarrassedmebutcutgrassisoneofthosefragrancesthattransportmedirectlytothelandscapeofchildhood.AndthatswhatIhadbeenmissingreallyandwhygettingback19isagenuine14betweentherightofthewomantobetreatedasafreeandself-respected15andtherightofthechildtodemandcareand16Wehavecreatedforourselvesthree17:socialequalityofmenandwomen;18ofthemarriage;andlifelongloveand19betweenparentsandchildren.Howeverwehave20asocialsysteminwhichitsquiteimpossibleforthesefactorstoco-exist.A.permanentB.rigidC.casualD.domestic
2、⑵paradenetworkcollectionframework
3、⑶turnupturnaboutturninturnovermysenseofsmellwassoprecious:avisceralconnectiontothepersonIusedtobe.Accordingtothetextabadfalloftheauthorresultedin.thesmashofdelicatenerveendingsthelossofsomethingC.thechangeofpersonalityandmemoryD.thesenseofsmellWemayinferfromthecontextthattheauthorwas.A.veryweakanddelicateB.anear-sightedpersonC.acollegestudentD.awhite-collarclerkWhywastheauthornervousaboutopeningacartonofyogurtA.Hersenseoftasteremainedperfectlyfine.B.Shewasfedupwithit.Shecouldnotsniffoutwhetherithadgonehad.Shecouldnottellthesafethingsfromthedangerousones.
19、Judgingfromthecontext〃savvying〃inLine1Paragraph3probablymeans.A.seeingB.learningstudyingknowing.
20、Whentheauthorsmelledcutgrassagainforthefirsttimeshe.A.criedoutloudlyB.weptinsilenceC.couldnthelpburstingintotearsD.wasintheAmericanMuseumofNaturalHistory
21、PartB10pointsInthefollowingtextsomesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions41-45choosethemostsuitableonefromthelistA、BCDEF、Gtofitintoeachofthenumberedblank.Thereareseveralextrachoiceswhichdonotfitinanyofthegaps.10pointsAsignificantportionofindustryandtransportationburnsfossilfuelssuchasgasoline.Whenthesefuelsburnchemicalsandparticulatematterarereleasedintotheatmosphere.Althoughavastnumberofsubstancescontributetoairpollutionthemostcommonairpollutantscontaincarbonsulfurandnitrogen.
41.AcidrainformswhensulfurdioxideandnitrousoxidetransformintosulfuricacidandnitricacidintheatmosphereandcomebacktoEarthinprecipitation.Acidrainhasmadenumerouslakessoacidicthattheynolongersupportfishpopulations.
42.Estimatessuggestthatnearly
1.5billionpeopleworldwidelacksafedrinkingwaterandthatatleast5milliondeathsperyearcanbeattributedtowaterbornediseases.Waterpollutionmaycomefrompointsourcesornonpointsources.Pointsourcesdischargepollutantsfromspecificlocationssuchasfactoriessewagetreatmentplantsandoiltankers.Thetechnologyexiststomonitorandregulatepointsourcesofpollutionalthoughinsomeareasthisoccursonlysporadically.Pollutionfromnonpointsourcesoccurswhenrainfallorsnowmeltmovesoverandthroughtheground.
43.Withalmost80percentoftheplanetcoveredbyoceanspeoplehavelongactedasifthosebodiesofwatercouldserveasalimitlessdumpinggroundforwastes.Howeverrawsewagegarbageandoilspillshavebeguntooverwhelmthedilutingcapabilitiesoftheoceansandmostcoastalwatersarenowpollutedthreateningmarinewildlife..Waterthatcollectsbeneaththegroundiscalledgroundwater.Worldwidegroundwateris40timesmoreabundantthanfreshwaterinstreamsandlakes.IntheUnitedStatesapproximatelyhalfthedrinkingwatercomesfromgroundwater.Althoughgroundwaterisarenewableresourcereservesreplenishrelativelyslowly.PresentlygroundwaterintheUnitedStatesiswithdrawnapproximately4timesfasterthanitisnaturallyreplaced.
45.Beachesaroundtheworldcloseregularlyoftenbecausethesurroundingwaterscontainhighlevelsofbacteriafromsewagedisposal.Thesechemicalsinteractwithoneanotherandwithultravioletradiationinsunlightindangerousways.Smogusuallyfoundinurbanareaswithlargenumbersofautomobilesformswhennitrogenoxidesreactwithhydrocarbonsintheairtoproducealdehydesandketones.Smogcancauseserioushealthproblems.AcidrainisalsoresponsibleforthedeclineofmanyforestecosystemsworldwideincludingGermany5sBlackForestandforeststhroughouttheeasternUnitedStates.Inadditiontogroundwaterdepletionscientistsworryaboutgroundwatercontaminationwhicharisesfromleakingundergroundstoragetankspoorlydesignedindustrialwastepondsandseepagefromthedeep-wellinjectionofhazardouswastesintoundergroundgeologicformations.TheOgallalaAquiferahugeundergroundreservoirstretchingundereightstatesoftheGreatPlainsisdrawndownatratesexceeding100timesthereplacementrate.Agriculturalpracticesdependingonthissourceofwaterneedtochangewithinagenerationinordertosavethisgroundwatersource.F.Astherunoffmovesitpicksupandcarriesawaypollutantssuchaspesticidesandfertilizersdepositingthepollutantsintolakesriverswetlandscoastalwatersandevenundergroundsourcesofdrinkingwater.Pollutionarisingfromnonpointsourcesaccountsforamajorityofthecontaminantsinstreamsandlakes.G.Bysomeestimates
42434425、4526PartCDirections:ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.10pointsNewspaperpublishersmakemoneymainlyfromsubscribersandadvertisers.Itsbeenthatwayforcenturies.ButinthelastfewyearsanimportantnewincomestreamhasopenedupfornewspapersAmongthepioneersisTheGazetteCompanyinCedarRapidsIowawhichsince1993hasbeenprovidinginformationtoitsreadersdeliveredbybothpaperandincreasinglytheWeb.〃IfanewspaperviewsitselfasinkonpaperIdontthinkitwillsurvive/zsaysSteveHannahvicepresidentofinformationtechnology.46Onlinenewspapersarealookintothefutureandjustponderingitraisesthequestionofwhetheritisn,tnicergettingourdailynewscurledupinyourfavoritechairwithyourballpointpenhandytocircleitemsofinterestsorscissorsreadytosnipoutarticlesyouwanttosave.TheGazetteCompanyisbettingitssubscriberswantbothelectronicandpaperoptionsandsofaritseemstoberight.TherestoftheworldismovingintocyberspacemoreslowlythantheUnitedStatesandinthedevelopingworldtheInternethashardlypenetratedatall.47U.N.SecretaryGeneralKofiAnnanisdeterminedtochangethisthroughtheUnitedNationsInformationTechnologyServicewhichwilltrainlargenumbersofpeopletotapintotheincome-enhancingpoweroftheInternet.AnnanisalsoproposinganInternethealthnetworkthatwillprovidestate-of-the-artmedicalknowledgeto10000clinicsandhospitalsinpoorcountries.TheonrushingCyberAgehasgivennewfoundpowertousallasseeninJodyWilliamssone-womanorganizationusinge-mailtopromoteaglobalbanonlandmines.Yetthisisbutaglimpseofwhatsaheadinthemindsofthoseimmersedinthisgreatandacceleratingtransformation.48AtMicrosoftBillGatespredictsthatby2022majornewspaperswillpublishtheirlastpapereditionsandmovesolelytoelectronicdistribution^andthatby2022dictionarieswillredefinebooksas〃e-Booktitlesreadon〃screen.49ComputershavemetamorphosedfromtheUniversityofPennsylvanias1946ENIAC一whosemorethan17000vacuumtubeshadlessnumber-crunchingpowerthantodayslaptop一intothumbnail-sizedcomputerchipscontaining42milliontransistors.WilliamVanDusenWishardpresidentofWorldTrendsResearchisconcerned.50InaspeechtotheIssueManagementCouncilinWashingtonD.C.henotedthat“researchersatCarnegieMellonUniversityciteatwo-yearstudyshowingdepressionandlonelinessappearingatgreaterlevelsinpeopleusingtheInternetthaninothersnotusingitornotusingitasmuch.ExtensiveexposuretothewiderworldviatheNetappearstomakepeoplelesssatisfiedwiththeirpersonallives.〃47484950参考答案[~■、UseofEnglish]1〜5DBACB6~10DCABA11〜20点击下载查看答案【
二、ReadingComprehension]l~5BBCBA6~10CBADD11〜30点击下载查看答案
4、4parliamentsettingfuneraltroop
5、⑸conferencefamilyorganizationprocedure
6、6trendunionaccesslevel
7、⑺adequatechallengedisolatedexcessive
8、8dropindropondropawaydropoff
9、9personalitystatusalternativecareer
10、10companionsopponentssponsorsreportersIK11principalsrivalsslavesneighbors12flexiblyhighlypresentlythoroughly13solutionevolutionfictionlocation14fussclashhesitationpause15residentvolunteerindividualspecialist
16、16growthpermissionresponseattention17miraclesobstaclesidealssensations18glamourpermanencemanagementreservation19cooperationdistinctiontensionacquisition20modifiedpredictedselectedcreated
二、ReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingABCorD.40pointsIfyouseeadiamondringonthefourthfingerofawomanslefthandyouprobablyknowwhatitmeans:inAmericathishaslongbeenthedigitofchoiceforbetrothaljewelryandtheloreofthetradetracesthesymbolismbacktoancienttimes.Butifyouseeadiamondringonthefourthfingerofawomansrighthandyoumayormaynotknowthatitsignifiesanindependentspiritoreveneconomicempowermentandchanginggendermores.〃Alotofwomenhavedisposableincome〃KatieCouricsaidrecentlyonthe〃TodayshowaftershowingviewersherChangeright-hander.Whywaitforamantogiveheradiamondring”ThisnotionmaybetracedbackapproximatelytoSeptember.ThatswhentheDiamondInformationCenterbeganahugemarketingcampaignaimedatarticulatingthemeaningofright-handrings-andthusarationaleforbuyingthem.〃Yourlefthandsayswe〃thecampaigndeclares.〃Yourrighthandsaysme.〃Thepositioningisbrilliant:thewearermaybemarriedorunmarriedandmaybuytheringherselforrequestitasagift.Andwhileitcantakeyearsforanewjewelryconcepttoworkitselfthoroughlyintothemainstreamthetight-bandringalreadyhasmomentum.AtthehigherendofthescalethejewelrymakerKwiatwhichsuppliesstoreslikeSaksoffersalineofKwiatSpiritRingsthatcanretailforasmuchas$5000and〃weresellingitfasterthanweremanufacturingit〃saysBillGouldthecompanyschiefofmarketing.Attheotherendofthestalemass-orientedretailersthatoftentakeawait-and-seeattitudehavealreadyjumpedonthebandwagon.FirmslikeKwiatweregivenwhatGouldcallsdirectionfromtheDiamondinformationCenteraboutthenewringsattributes-multiplediamondsinanorth-southorientationthatdistinguishesitfromthelookofanengagementringandsoon.Butallthisissecondarytothenewlymintedmeaning.〃Theidea/zMorrisonsayszzisthatbeyondatrendthiscouldbecomeasortofculturalimperative./zAtallorderWellbearinmindthat〃adiamondisforever”isnotasayinghandeddownfromimperialRome.ItwashandeddownfromanearliergenerationofDeBeersmarketers.JoyceJonasajewelryappraiserandhistoriannotesthatDeBeersinthe40sand50stookadvantageofachangingAmericanclassstructuretoturndiamondringsintoanattainablesymbolforthemasses.BynowJonansobservesthestonealone〃isjustacommodity”.AndthisofcourseiswhatmakesitsinventedsignificancemoreCrucialthanever.AdiamondringonthefourthfingerofawomanslefthandsuggeststhatA.sheismarriedB.sheisengagedC.shemaychooseherjewelryD.shehasindependentspiritYourrighthandsaysmePara.2impliesthatright-handringisindependentthewomanhastheright-handringasagiftthewearerofthetight-handringisaself-centeredwomanJudgingfromBillGouldsremarksinParagraph3wemayinferthat.A.KwiathasalargesupplyofjewelryKwiatSpiritRingsaretooexpensiveKwiatcanhardlymeetwiththedemandsfromtheconsumersconsumerskeepawait-and-seeattitudetowardsthejewelryAccordingtotheauthor〃adiamondisforeveris.A.asortofculturaltradition。