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专项突破被动语态-备战2023年中考英语高频考点专项突破考点详解+真题原卷版专项19被动语态备战2023年中考英语精选考点专项突破命题趋势动词的时态和语态是中考出现频率较高的语法项目之一考题多以具体的语境为主体现了对语法知识、语境理解、语言交际能力的综合考查中考考查重点.被动语态的句型;.被动语态的各种时态形式;.被动语态的用法;.主动语态变被动语态;.主动形式表示被动意义被动语态考向一被动语态的句型句型构成例句肯定句否定句一般疑问句主语+be+过去分词+by...主语+be+not+过去分词+by…Be+主语+过去分词+by...Englishisspokeneverywhere.到处有人说英语Englishisn91spokenbypeoplehere.这里的人不说英语一WasTomaskedtocomeearly汤姆被要求早点来吗?一Yeshewas.是的,他被要求了/Nohewasn,t.不,他没有Whywasthisbridgedestroyedbythegovernment政府为什么要拆毁这座桥?考向二被动语态的各种时态形式时态结构例句一般现在时主语+am/is/are+过去分词+其他Historyismadebythepeople.历史是人们创造的Thesebooksaredesignedforchildren.这些[力是为孩子们设计的般过去时主语+was/were+过去分词+其他TheletterwaswritteninEnglish.这封信是用英语写的ThecarsweremadeinShanghai.这些车是上海生产的一般将来时主语+willbe+过去分词+其他现在进行时主语+am/is/am+being+过去分词+其他过去进行时主语+was/were+being+过去分词+其他Yourjobwillbekeptopenforyourreturn.你的工作将保留到你回来Whenwilltheworkbefinished这项工作什么时候完成?Anewrailwayisbeingbuilt.一条新铁路正在修建BecausemycarisbeingrepairedIhavetogotoworkbytaxi因为我的车正在修理,所以我不得不坐出租车去上班Thehallwasbeingbuiltlastyear.Vmnotsureifitiscompleted.这个个大厅去年正在修建,我不清楚建好了没有TheroadwasbeingwidenedwhenIpassedbythevillage.当我经过那个村庄时,道路正在加宽现在完成时主语+have/hasbeen+过去分词+其他HehasbeensenttoworkinShanghai.他已经被派往上海工作了HasthesportsmeetingbeenputoffuntilnextFriday运动会已经推迟到下周五了吗?过去完成时主语+hadbeen+过去分词+其他Theroomhadbeenbrokenintobeforewecame.我们来之前已经有人强行进过这间屋子AnewhotelhadbeenbuiltwhenIgotthere.我到那儿时,一座新旅馆已经建好了情态动词主语+情态动词+be+过去分词+其他Hertemperatureshouldbetakentwiceaday.她的体温应该一天量两次Ifheatedwatercanbeturnedintovapour.如果受热,水会变成蒸气考向三被动语态的用法用法例句Howisthiswordpronounced这个单词怎么发音?不知道或者不必说出动作的执行者Thebookwaspublishedin
2005.这本书是2005年出版的强调动作的承受者当动作的执行者是泛指时表示委婉或礼貌,避免提及动作的执行者句法修饰的需要有些动词习惯上常用被动语态考向四主动语态变被动语态说明Schoolwillbeopenedinourvillage.我们村将开办一所新的希望学校Heissuspectedofrobbingthebank.有人怀疑他抢劫银行Ihavebeentoldmanytimesnottomakenoises.有人多次告诉我不要吵闹ThelecturewillbemadebyJoewhoisayoungmusicianfromItaly.乔要做这个报告,他是意大利的一位年轻的音乐家Hewasbominthiscity.他出生在这个城市ItisreportedthatheisaprofessorfromNewZealand.据报道,他是来自新西兰的一位教授例句含有单个宾语的主动句,即”主语+谓语动词+宾语”把主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语,并依据上表(被动语态的各种时态形式)谓语改为被动形式;如果需要说明动作的发出者,则需加上“by+主动句的主语(人称代词宾格)”ThefamousprofessorgavetwolecturesinEnglish.fTwolecturesweregivenbythefamousprofessorinEnglish.那位著名的教授用英语作了两次报告TheyoftenasksomequestionsafterclassfSomequestionsareoftenaskedbythemafterclass.他们经常在课后问一些问题含有双宾语的主动句,即”主语+间接宾语+直接宾语”当直接宾语是名词或代词时,可将间接宾语和直接宾语中的任意一个变为被动的主语,而另一个保持不动但是,当直接宾语变为主语时,间接宾语前应加上介词to或OFo含有复合宾语的主动句,即”主语+宾语+宾语补足语”把主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语,宾补保持不动(成为主语补足语,简称主补)【易错警示】感官动词和使役动词后接动词原形作宾补省略的不定式符号to即Thedoctorgavemesomegoodadviceonthepronunciation.flwasgivensomegoodadviceonthepronunciation.fSomegoodadvicewasgiventomeonthepronunciation.老师给我提了一些关于发音方面的好建议WecallhimLiHua.fHeiscalledLiHua.我们叫他李华Theypaintedtheroomwhite.fTheroomwaspaintedwhite.他们把房间刷成了白色变为被动语态时,需要在动词原形前加上Theysawherenterthemeetingroomjustnow.fShewasseentoenterthemeetingroomjustnow.刚才他们看见她进入了会议室Theytakegoodcareofthesechildren.-Thesechildrenaretakengoodcareof.他们把这些孩子照顾得非常好WeshouldmakefulluseofthegoodchancefThegoodchanceshouldbemadefulluseof.我们应该充分利用这次好机会【易错警示】动词短语用于被动语态时,把它们看作一个整体变成被动结构,其后的介词和副词不可丢掉考向五主动形式表示被动意义情况例句说明主语的性质、特征的动词,用主动形式Theclothwasheswell.这种布料很容易洗.表达被动意义,如lockopenreadseiAfleshlybakedcakedoesntcuteasily.刚1teachwashwrite等烤好的蛋糕不容易切被动语态记忆口诀被动语态强调“宾”,用be加上“过去分”“be”要随着主语变,人称时态要弄准”行为对象”作主语,逻辑主语“by”来引原句若是双宾语,一变“主“来一保“宾”“间宾”要把主语变,原来“直宾“还是“宾”“直宾”要把主语变,“间宾“前加“to”最称心唯有原“宾“是“复合”,只有变宾要当心原句“宾补“变“主补,位置不必挪寸分情态动词变“被动,情态加be加过分如若“情态”后带to变后有to才弄准“短语动词”变“被动“,相当“及物“莫疑心不过其后“介“或”副”,变后还得要承认(2022•内蒙古呼和浩特•中考真题)ThesecondTiangongLecture99kickedoff!BingDwenDwenateachingtool!A.isusedforB.wasusedforC.isusedasD.wasusedas(2022•江苏盐城•中考真题)SpudWebbatfirstbecauseofhisheightbuthedidntloseheart.A.refusesB.refusedC.wasrefusedD.willberefused(2022•湖北黄石•中考真题)一Doyouthinkjuniorhighschoolstudentstogettheirearspierced一NoIdontthinkso.Itisagainsttheschoolrules.A.shouldallowB.allowC.haveallowedD.shouldbeallowed(2022•辽宁丹东•中考真题)一DoChinesepeoplelikeping-pongalot一Yes.Itbypeopleofallages.A.playsB.isplayedC.playedD.wasplayed(2022•辽宁抚顺•中考真题)ItssaidthatthekiteinChinaover2000yearsago.A.inventsB.inventedC.wasinventedD.isinvented(2022•山东济南•中考真题)ThestoryofXiaohuiissotouchingthatitwillneverbyus.A.isforgottenB.forgetC.beforgottenD.forgot(2022•湖南益阳•中考真题)一Studentsinourschooltoswimintheriversorlakesalone.一Neitherarewe.Afterallsafetymustcomefirst.A.allowB.dontallowC.arentallowed(2022•湖南株洲•中考真题)ThreeChineseastronauts(宇航员)toChinaSpaceStationsuccessfullyonJune
52022.A.sentB.aresentC.weresent(2022•辽宁大连•中考真题)IntheWolongPandaReservevisitorstogetclosertopandas.A.allowB.allowedC.areallowingD.areallowed(2022•广西梧州•中考真题)ThreeChineseastronautsintospaceonJune5th
2022.A.weretakingB.aretakingC.weretakenD.aretaken(2022•山东滨州•中考真题)The24thWinterOlympicsinBeijingandZhangjiakouin2022fromFebruary4thto20th.A.heldB.washeldC.willbeheldD.hasbeenheld(2022•湖南邵阳•中考真题)—Thissilkscarflooksnice.—YesanditinThailand.A.madeB.makesC.wasmade(2022•黑龙江牡丹江•中考真题)Theworldslargestastronomy(天文学)museumonJuly18th2021inShanghai.A.builtB.isbuiltC.wasbuilt(2022•辽宁盘锦•中考真题)Itssaidthatteaforthefirsttimeabout5000yearsago.A.drinksB.drankC.isdrunkD.wasdrunk(2022•辽宁营口•中考真题)AspeechonrobotsintheschoolhallnextFridayafternoon.A.isgivenB.willbegivenC.wasgivenD.hasbeengiven(2022•辽宁朝阳•中考真题)Itssaidthatteabyaccidentaboutfivethousandyearsago.A.wasinventedB.isinventedC.willbeinventedD.wereinvented(2022•山东荷泽•中考真题)一NanjingRoadisverycrowdedthesedays.—Theworkersit.Itissaidthatitsoon.A.repair;finishesB.haverepaired;willfinishC.arerepairing;willbefinished(2022•湖南郴州•中考真题)AnewsupermarketonCenterStreetnextyear.A.wasbuiltB.willbebuiltC.isbuilt(2022•广西贵港•中考真题)一PeopletotaketheirtemperaturesbeforetheygointothesupermarketduringtheCOVID-19pandemic(新冠疫情).一Ithinkitsagoodwaytoprotectourselves.A.areaskingB.areaskedC.askedD.ask(2022•辽宁辽宁•中考真题)Fivemoreclubsnextweektomakeourschoolliferichandcolorful.A.setupB.aresetupC.willbesetupD.weresetup(2022•江苏•盐城市鹿鸣路初级中学三模)一MusicandArtentertheEntranceExaminationforthehighschoolisittrue一Yes.Butdontworry.Nothingwillbedifficultifmoreattentiontothem.A.willpayB.willbepaidC.paysD.ispaid(2022•江苏•盐城市盐都区实验初中一模)一Itssotiringtowashclothesbyhand.Whencanweusethewashingmachine—Notuntilittomorrow.A.repairsB.willrepairC.isrepairedD.willberepaired(2022•广西柳州•模拟预测)Dontworry.Yourbackpackhereuntilyoucomebacksoenjoyshoppinghere.A.iskeptB.willbekeptC.hasbeenkept(2022•黑龙江齐齐哈尔•二模)一DidyounoticethestudentsafewwhyquestioninMr.Zhangsclass一YesIthinkhewantedtotraintheirabilitiesofdeepthinking.A.areaskedB.willbeaskedC.wereasked(2022•福建•莆田擢英中学模拟预测)一Anewhospitalinourhometowninjust10daysinordertohelpmorepatients.一Soundsgreat!A.builtB.arebuiltC.willbebuilt(2022•河北邯郸•三模)Wearrivedatthetrainstation.Butwethatthetrainhadbeencanceledbecauseofthebadweather.A.toldB.tellC.aretoldD.weretold(2022•贵州•德江县教育局教研室二模)一MommayIwatchthemovieThebattleatChangjinLake(《长津湖之战》)thisevening一Ofcourseifyourhomework.A.finishedB.willfinishC.isfinishedD.wasfinished(2022•湖北•阳新县富川中学模拟预测)IwontgotothepartyunlessmybestfriendMarytoo.A.willinviteB.invitesC.isinvitedD.willbeinvite(2022•湖北武汉•一模)DuringtheTangDynastynearlyeverythingproducedintheworldonthestreetsofChangan.A.isfoundB.hadbeenfoundC.couldbefoundD.wouldbefound(2022•四川乐山•二模)一Yourcarissodirty.Itneeds.—ThisafternoonIwillhaveit.A.towash;washingB.washing;washedC.washed;towash(2022•安徽合肥•二模)Itshopedthatourdreaminthefuture.A.realizesB.willrealizeC.isrealizedD.willberealized(2022•四川成都•二模)HismotherdidagreatjobinfightingCOVID-
19.SheonTVandbecamewidelyknown.A.willbeshowedB.isinvitingC.wasinterviewed(2022•福建宁德•一模)一NingdeCATL(时代新能源)iswell-knownintheworld.一Yeahmanyelectriccarshere.A.willmakeB.aremadeC.made(2022•江苏连云港•二模)一Haveyouheardthatthebigeventuntilnextyear—YesIhave.Becausethediseaseisveryseriousallovertheworld.A.isputoffB.wasputtedoffC.wouldbeputoffD.willbeputoff(2022•湖北武汉•二模)AlargenumberofforeignersfromdifferentcountriesonthestreetsofChanganduringtheTangDynasty.A.wouldbefoundB.hasbeenfoundC.isfoundD.couldbefound(2022•湖北襄阳•一模)一DoyouhaveLiuCixinslatestbooks一Sorrythey.Butwellgetsomemorenextweekbecausethey.A.sellout;sellwellB.aresoldout;sellwellC.sellout;aresoldwellD.aresoldout;aresoldwell(2022•天津河北•二模)Manymorelibrariesinourcityinthenextfiveyears.A.builtB.arebuiltC.werebuiltD.willbebuilt(2022•广西•贺州市平桂区教育科学研究所一模)Ourheadteacheralwayssaysourclassroomshouldcleaneveryday.A.keepB.tokeepC.bekeptD.tobekept(2022•河北•保定市第十七中学一模)Studentsinourschooltodomorningexercises.Itshelpfultobuilduptheirbodies.A.askB.wereaskedC.areaskedD.haveasked(2022•江苏徐州•二模)一MommayIwatchthemovieTheSniperthisevening一OKdearifyourhomework.A.hasfinishedB.willfinishC.isfinishedD.wasfinished。