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初中英语八年级(上册+下册)知识点汇总八年级上册UnitlWheredidyougoonvacation【重点语法】不定代词不指名代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词用法注意l.some和any+可数名/不可数名some多用于肯定句,any多用于否定句、疑问句和条件从句有些问句中用some不用any问话者希望得到对方肯定回答.由someanynozevery与bodyonething构成的复合不定代词作主语时,其谓语动词用三单.不定代词若有定语修饰,该定语要置于其后如somethinginteresting【重点短语】buysthforab./buysb.sth为某人买某物taste+adj.尝起来nothing...but+V.(原形)除了……之外什么都没有seem+(tobe)+adj看起来arrivein+大地方/arriveat+小地方到达某地decidetodosth.决定做某事trydoingsth.尝试做某事/trytodosth.尽力做某事begoodat在某方面成绩好theother另一个besimilarto与…相似begoodwith与..・和睦相处havefun=Haveagoodtime玩彳导开心havefundoingsth做某事很开心dothesamethingsasme做和我一样的事情1ts+adj+(forsb.)todosth.做某事(对某人来说)是...的makefriendswithsb.与某人交朋友.aslongas只要;既然,引导条件状语从句【词语辨析】begoodat=dowellin其后可接名词、代词或动名词,表示擅长careabout关心carefor关爱takecare(当/小心)takecareof(照顾)=lookaftermakesb.dosth.:让(使)某人做某事(make后跟不带to的不定式)Hisfatheralwaysmakemegetupbeforefiveoclock.makesb.+形容词使某人保持某种状态Myfriendsalwaysmakemehappy.belike〃就像…Iamlikeyoursister.looklike”外貌上的像Ilooklikemysister.Thatswhy+句子那就是…的原因/那就是为什么…ThatswhyIstudyEnglishhard.那就是我努力学习英语的原因bedifferentfrom与不同反:bethesameas与相同though
①adv.不过;可是;然而(句末补充说明使语气减弱)
②conj.虽然;尽管二although与but不能同时用在一个句子中Hesaidhewouldcome.Hedidntthough.他说他要来,可是并没有来Though/Althoughhehasbeendeadformanyyearsmanypeoplestillrememberhim.尽管他已经去世很多年了,但很多人仍然记得他getbettergrades取得更好的成绩does(助动词do/did)为了避免重复,可代替上文出现过的实意动词begoodwithsb.与某人相处得好Unit4Whatsthebestmovietheater【重点语法】.形容词最高级用于三者或三者以上的人或事物相比较标志词表比较范围时用in/of形容词最高级前须加定冠词the副词最高级前可省略the.表示三者(或以上)中最……的”的句型)A+be+the形容词最高级+表示范围(in/of介词短语))A+实意动词+(the)副词最iW)级+表示范围的of/in介词短语.常用句式Who/Which...+最高级…,ABorConeof+the+形容词最高级+名词复数形式,意为最…之一3)序数词后跟形容词最高级【重点短语】sofar到目前为止,迄今为止noproblem没什么,别客气have....incommon有相同特征(想法、兴趣等方面)相同beupto由决定/是……的职责allkindsof...各种各样的playaroleindoingsth./sth.发挥作用有影响makeup编造(故事、谎言等)forexample=e.g.例如take..…seriously认真对待noteverybody并不是每个人closeto离近moreandmore越来越【词语辨析】Howdoyoulike+名/代/V-ing=Whatdoyouthinkof:〃你认为…怎么样?〃Thanksfor=Thankyoufor+名/代/V-ing:感谢...”Yourewelcome.=Notatall.不客气talent名(可)天赋talentshow才艺表演talentedadj.有天赋的betalentedin在……方面有天赋begoodat擅长・・・(=dowellin)反义短语bepoor/weakin在…方面薄弱begoodfor对......有益,后跟人或事物;其反义短语是bebadforbegoodto对……好(和善;慈爱)相当于befriendlyto后面通常接人allkindsof各种各样的differentkindsof不同种类的akindof—种*kindof有点+adj.:kindofboring/fat/thinwinvt.赢得+奖品winnern.赢者watchsb.dosth.观看某人做了某事watchdoingsth.观看某人正在做某事举例suchas常列举几个例子,不能穷尽,可和andsoon(等等)连用;like可和suchas互换;forexample一般只列举一个,作插入语用逗号隔开,可置于句首/句中/句末Unit5Doyouwanttowatchagameshow【重点语法】.询问某人对某物的观点及看法Whatdoyouthinkof...=Howdoyoulike....描述喜好Ilove/like/dontmind/dislike/cantstand....复习巩固一般现在时态主语+V+其他;主语(三单)+V(三单)+其他)【重点短语】findout查出/发现bereadytodo准备做…dressup打扮/化妆成takeonesplace代替某人doagoodjob干的好/表演的出色thinkof想到/思考gameshow游戏节目learnfrom向学习talkshow访谈节目soapopera肥皂剧goon继续watchamovie看电景oneof...其中之一tryonesbestto=doonesbestto竭尽全力apairof—双asfamousas一样闻名/出名looklike看起来像aroundtheworld世界各地haveadiscussionabout讨论oneday有一天/某一天suchas例如asymbolof一个象征/标志somethingenjoyable快乐的事情interestinginformation有趣的信息【词语辨析】want+n想要wanttodosth想要做某事wantsbtodosth想让某人做某事……mind介意其后+名词/代词/V-ingstand1站,站立e.g.Standup!起立2忍受多用于否定句、疑问句,后可+名/代/V-ingplanvt.vi.计划,打算,plantodosth.plan还可作名词如makeplans制定计划5・v.discuss(讨论)+ion—n.discussionhadadiscussionaboutsth.对某事进行讨论happenv.发生;出现sth+happenstosb./z或sthhappened+时间/地点”句式情态动词may语气弱于can意为可能might表推测,语气最弱,意为可能may/mightnot表示否定推测时语气最弱,意为可能不Theymaynotbeveryexciting.它们可能不是那么令人兴奋expecttodosth.期盼做某事hopetodosth:希望干某事很多动词后面都可以跟动词不定式作宾语,如wantlikehopewishlearnstartbeginprefertryaskbefamousas作为而出名befamousforsth.因为而出名oneof...后跟可数名词复数,表示…之一其后的谓语动词用单数OneofmyfavoritemoviesisMr.Bean.我最喜欢的电影之一是憨豆先生show目TVshows/talentshows;v.展示showsth.tosb.=showsb.sth.Unit6rmgoingtostudycomputerscience.【重点词语/短语用法解析】.wanttobe/become+职业名词〃想要成为..…〃IwanttobebeascientistwhenIgrowup..writestories写故事tellstories讲故事.keepondoingsth.继续做某事表动作的反复keepingdoingsth.保持做某事表动作或状态的持续.besureabout+名/代/V-ing肯定Areyousureaboutthatmakesurethat+从句〃确保〃Makesurethatbothdoorsareclosedwhenyougoout.earnsth.WemustlearnEnglisheveryday.learntodosth.Iamgoingtolearntoplayplaythepiano.discussv.讨论;商量名词是discussiondiscusswithsb.与某人讨论:Discussthisquestionwithyourpartner.Letsdiscussthisproblem.让我们讨论一下这个问题Allweneednowisactionnotdiscussion.我们现在需要的是行动,不是讨论beabletodosth.能够做某事1can:can+动词原形,无人称和数的变化只能用于一般现在时和一般过去时,不能用于将来时beableto+动词原形,有人称和数的变化,可用于多种时态2can常指客观上能够;beableto更侧重于经过努力、克服一定困难有能力做成某事Hewillbeableto能够speakEnglishnextyear.在此不能填can.promisen.承诺;诺言v.许诺;承诺;答应makeapromisetosb对某人许下诺言keepapromise遵守诺言breakapromise违背诺言promisesbtodosth.许诺某人干某事promisesb+that从句Hepromisedtohelpme.他许诺过要帮助我IpromisedthatIstudyhardfromnowon.我承诺从现在起努力学习.havetodowith关于;与……有关系Thebookhastodowithcomputers.那本书与计算机有关.takeupsth./doingsth.尤指为消遣学着做;开始做Iamgoingtotakeupcookingnextyear.明年我X哥要学煮饭.Sometimestheresolutionsmaybetoodifficulttokeep.too+形容词/副词to+动词原形,表示〃太……而不能……〃如Thekidistooyoungtoplaythisgame.这个小孩太小,不能玩这个游戏
12.onesown+名词某人自己的东西,强调某物为个人所有myownbook我自己的书本【重点语法】一般将来时am/is/aregoingto+动词原形”结构.基本形式否定式am/is/arenotgoingto+动词原形一般疑问式am/is/are+主语+goingto+动词原形+其他?特殊疑问式特殊疑问词+一般疑问式?HeisgoingtospendhisholidaysinLondon.他打算在伦敦度假Lookatthedarkclouds.Thereisgoingtobeastorm.看那乌云,快要下雨了Ishegoingtocollectanydataforus他会帮我们收集数据吗?Whatareyougoingtodotomorrow明天你打算作什么.基本用法1表示事先经过考虑、安排好打算、计划要做某事DadandIaregoingtowatchanoperathisafternoon.今天下午我和爸爸打算去看歌剧2表示根据目前某种迹象判断,某事非常有可能发生,表示推测Look!Therecomethedarkclouds.Itisgoingtorain.瞧!乌云密集天要下雨了enjoydoingsth.喜欢做某事wanttodosth.想去做某事startdoingsth.开始估攵某事二begindoingsth.stopdoingsth.停止做某事区分stoptodosth停下来去做某事dislikedoingsth.不喜欢做某事so+adj+that+从句如此……以至于……tellsb.nottodosth.告诉某人不要做某事keepdoingsth.继续做某事forgettodosth.忘记去做某事/forgetdoingsth忘记做过某事【词语辨析】takeaphoto/takephotos拍照quiteafew+名词复数”许多...”seem+形容词看起来Youseemhappytoday.seem+todosth.似乎/好像做某事IseemtohaveacoldItseems+从句彳以乎Itseemsthatnoonebelieveyou.seemlike...好像以乎・・・・.Itseemslikeagoodidea.arrivein+大地点=getto=reach+地点名〃到达〃arriveat+小地点注:若后跟地点副词here/there/home介词需省略如arrivehere;gethomeUnit7Willpeoplehaverobots【重点词语/短语用法解析】Lmany+可数名词许多……much+不可数名词许多……livetobe+基数词+yearsold活到……岁”.beingreatdanger处在极大的危险中.playapartin+名/代/V-ing.参与某事/做某事Everyoneshouldplayapartinsavingtheearth..help(sb.)withsth.帮助(某人)做某事HeoftenhelpsmewithmyEnglish.helpsb.(to)dosth.帮助(某人)做……HeoftenhelpsmestudyEnglish.helponeself(to)自用(食物等)Helpyourselftothefish.请随便吃鱼.thesameas...和一样反义短语bedifferentfrom.Ittakes/took/willtakesb.sometimetodosth.某人花了时间做某事(时态根据具体情况决定)Ittakesmeanhourtogettomyoffice.spendtime/moneyonsth.在上花费时间(金钱)sb.spendtime/money(in)doingsth.花费时间(金钱)做某事Ispenttwohoursonthismathproblem.这道数学题花了我个小时Theyspenttwoyearsbuildingthisbridge.造这座桥花了他们两年时间.hundredsof+名词复数许多/大量……数词+hundred+名词复数几百……类似的数词还有thousand(千),million(万)Therearefourhundredstudentsinourgrade.TherearehundredsoftouristsinBeijingeveryyear..during在…期间duringthevacation/thedaytime/theweekend.themeaningof…的意思Canyoutellmethemeaningofthewords【重点语法】一般将来时
一、一般将来时的含义一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或状态,或将来经常发生的动作或状态
二、一般将来时的基本结构will/shall+动词原形will在陈述句中用于各种人称;shall用于第一人称,常被will所代替否定式willnot=wont;shallnot=shant一般疑问式will/shall+主语+动词原形+其他?特殊疑问式特殊疑问词+一般疑问式?Iwill/shalldoabetterjobnexttime.下次我要做得好些Oilandwaterwillnotmix.油和水没法混在一起一WillhehelpyouwithyourEnglishtonight今天晚上他会帮助你学习英语吗?一Yeshewill./Nohewont.是的,他会/不,他不会—WhenwillyouarriveforAmerica你什么时候去美国?一Tomorrow.明天
2.am/is/aregoingto+动词原形否定式am/is/arenotgoingto+动词原形一般疑问式am/is/are+主语+goingto+动词原形+其他特殊疑问式特殊疑问词+一般疑问式?HeisgoingtospendhisholidaysinLondon.他打算在伦敦度假Lookatthedarkclouds.Thereisgoingtobeastorm.看月B乌云快要下雨了Ishegoingtocollectanydataforus他会帮我们收集数据吗?Whatareyougoingtodotomorrow明天你打算作什么?
三、一般将来时的用法will+动词原形与am/is/aregoingto+动词原形的用法虽然都表示将来发生动作或情况,一般情况下能互换但它们的用法是有区别的l.will主要用于在以下三个方面1表示主观意愿的将来Theywillgotovisitthefactorytomorrow.明天他们将去厂参观工厂FIIcomewithWangBingLiuTaoandYangLing.我将和王兵、刘涛、杨玲一起来2表示不以人的意志为转移的客观的将来TodayisSaturday.TomorrowwillbeSunday.今天是星期六明天是将是星期日Hewillbethirtyyearsoldthistimenextyear.明年这个时候他就将三十岁3表示临时决定,通常用于对话中一Maryhasbeenillforaweek.玛丽病了一周了—OhIdidntknow.Iwillgoandseeher.噢,我不知道我去看看她begoingto主要用于一下两个方面1表示事先经过考虑、安排好打算、计划要做某事DadandIaregoingtowatchanoperathisafternoon.今天下午我和爸爸打算去看歌剧2表示根据目前某种迹象判断,某事非常有可能发生,表示推测Look!Therecomethedarkclouds.Itisgoingtorain.瞧!乌云密集天要下雨了Unit8Howdoyoumakeabananamilkshake【重点词语/短语用法解析】l.cutB切割”的意思过去式为cutocutup意为切碎Cutupthebananas.=Cutthebananasup.Cutit/themup.
2.turnon打开,接通(电流、煤气、水等)turnoff关掉,截断(电流、煤气、水等)turnup开大,调高(音量、热量等)turndown调低,关小(音量、热量等)
3.onemorething另外一件事情anothertenminutes再多十分钟数字+more+物品指另外的……another+数字+物品指另外的……当数字为one时,常与more连用或只用anotheroGivemetwomorehamburgersanothertwohamburgers.forgettodosth.忘记(去)做某事forgetdoingsth.忘记已做过某事.Itsatime(forsb).todosth.该是(某人)做某事的时期了Itstime(forsb.)todosth.=Itstimeforsth.该是(某人)做某事的时间了ItsatimeforyoutostudyEnglish.Itstimeforustogotoschool.(Itstimeforschool.).givethanksfor+名/代V-ing感恩Weshouldgivethanksforourparents.Hegavethanksforlifeandfood..MostAmericansstillcelebratethisideasofgivingthanksbyhavingabigmeal.by+sth./doing:)以方式IstudyEnglishbylisteningtoEnglishsongs.)在的旁边Iamsittingbythepool.)在之前Ihavetogotoschoolby8:
00.)搭乘Igotoschoolbybus..Hereis+名单(宾语)这是…〃是倒装句Hereisaphotoofmyfamily.Hereare+名复HerearesomeEnglishbooks.当宾语是代词时,要用顺装如Hereyouare.(对)Hereareyou.(错).fillsth.withsth.用……把……装满(强调动作)befullof装满…(强调状态)Ifilledthecupwiththemilk.Thecupisfullofthemilk..put.・・in(into).・.把放至I」里.cover...with.覆盖.cut...into才巴切成Cuttheappleintofourpieces.cutup...切碎.servev.月员务n.serviceserve+名/代〃提供・・.〃Theshopservesnicefood.servesb.sth.=servesth.tosb.Serveittoyourfriendswithsomevegetables.servesb.withsth.〃用某物招待某人〃Servetheguestswithsometea.【重点语法】名词名词是表示人、事物、地方、现象及其它抽象概念名称的词
一、名词分为专有名词和普通名词专有名词是表示具体的人、事物、地点、或机构等的专有名称如GuangzhouMikeUNESCO等专有名词一般情况下第一个字母要大写普通名词是表示一类人、事物或抽象概念的名称如:policeeggsrice等
二、普通名词又可分为个体名词、集体名词、物质名词和抽象名词个体名词表示某一类人或某一类东西中的个体如:monkeypandarulerboy等集体名词表示一群人或一类事物的总称如:familypoliceclasszpeople等物质名词表示无法分为个体或不具备确定形状和大小的实物如Waterairmilk等抽象名词表示抽象概念词如:hopelovespirit英语的名词有可数名词和不可数名词两种一般来说,个体名词和集体名词多为可数名词,物质名词和抽象名词多为不可数名词
三、名词单数变复数的规则总结规则变化一般在名词词尾加-Smap—maps地图bird—birds鸟orange—oranges桔子bike—bikes自行车2以sxchsh结尾的名词加-esbox—boxes盒子class—classes壬旺级watch-watches手表dish-dishes盘,碟子,餐具3以结尾的无生命的名词后面加-sphoto—photos相片radio-radios收音机zoo—zoos动物园以结尾的有生命的名词后面加“-es”tomato—tomatoes西红柿potato-potatoes土豆hero-heroes英雄negro—negroes黑人4以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i加-esbaby-babies婴儿family-families家庭以元音字母加y结尾的名词直接加-sboy—boys男孩toy—toys玩具5以fe或f结尾的名词,把fe或f变为v加-esknife-knives小刀wife一wives妻子leaf—leaves树叶不规则变化child---childrenfoot---feettooth---teethmouse---miceman---menwoman---women注意与man和woman构成的合成词,其复数形式也是-men和-womeno如:anEnglishmantwoEnglishmen0但German不是合成词,故复数形式为GermansoBowman是姓,其复数是theBowmanso2单复同形的名词如deer鹿,sheep绵羊,fish鱼,Chinese中国人Japanese日本人li里,jin斤,yuan元注意除人民币元、角、分外,美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式如adollartwodollars;ametertwometers3集体名词,以单数形式出现,但实为复数如people人,police警察,cattle牛等本身就是复数,不能说apeopleapoliceacattle.但可以说apersonapolicemanaheadofcattletheEnglishtheBritishtheFrenchtheChineseztheJapanesetheSwiss等名词表示国民总称时,作复数用如:TheChinesearehard-workingandbrave.中国人民是勤劳勇敢的以s结尾,仍为单数的名词feellikesth感觉像…feeldoingsth.想要做某事wonder(想知道)+疑问词(whowhatwhy)引导的从句becauseof+名/代/V-ingbecause+从句Hecanttakeawalkbecauseoftherain.Idontbuytheshirtbecauseitwastooexpensive.enough+名词足够的形容词/副词+enoughUnit2Howoftendoyouexercise【重点语法】.频率副词alwaysusuallyoftensometimesnever频率副词在句中通常放在实义动词之前,be动词或助动词之后常用于一般现在时态中.次数”的表达方法一次once两次twice,三次或三次以上基数词+times如threetimesfivetimes.howoften多久一次问频率,回答常含有频率词组或短语常见的how疑问词)Howsoon多久(以后)一Howsoonwillhebeback他多久能回来一Hewillbebackinamonth.他一个月后能回来1maths数学politics政治学physics物理学等学科名词为不可数名词,是单数2news消息、新闻是不可数名词3theUnitedStates美国theUnitedNations联合国应视为单数TheUnitedNationswasorganizedin
1945.联合国是1945年组建起来的4以复数形式出现的书名,剧名,报纸,杂志名,也视为单数TheArabianNightsisaveryinterestingstory-book.<〈一千零一夜>>是一本非常有趣的故事书
4.注意两点1表示由两部分构成的东西,如glasses眼镜trousersclothes若表达具体数目要借助数量词pair对双;suit套;apairofglasses;twopairsoftrousers2还有一些名词,其复数形式有时可表示特别意思,如goods货物,waters水域,fishes各种鱼
四、不可数名词不可数名词意味着这些名词只能是单数,没有复数形式,不能与数目字如onetwo等连用,也不能加不定冠词ano不可数名词没有单数、复数之分,但我们在生活中有时候又必需给这些词计量,我们于是采用这种方法a+表示这些东西的单位+of+不可数名如:acupofteaaboxofmilkapieceofpaper等如果为了表示多个的概念,我们就将表示这些东西的单位变成复数即可如:acupoftea---3cupsofteazaboxofmilk---12boxesofmilkApieceofpaper---100piecesofpaper【注意】a.当物质名词转化为个体名词时为可数例如Cakeisakindoffood.蛋糕是一种食物(不可数)Thesecakesaresweet.这些蛋糕很好吃(可数)b.当物质名词表示该物质的种类时,可数例如Thisfactoryproducessteel.这个工厂生产钢材(不可数)Weneedvarioussteels.我们需要各种各样的钢材(可数)c.当物质名词表示份数时,可数例如Ourcountryisfamousfortea.我国因茶叶而闻名Twoteasplease.请来两杯茶d.抽象名词表示具体的事例时也可数例如fourfreedoms四大自由thefourmodernizations四个现代化Unit9Canyoucometomyparty【重点词语/短语用法解析】one...another...表示不确定数目中的另一个one...theother...表示两者中的另一个IdontlikethisonecanyoushowmeanotherIhavetwobrothers.Oneisalawyerandtheotherisamanager.some...others…表示没有范围限定的”一些……另一些……some...theothers...表示某一范围的”一些其余的Somegotoschoolbybikeandothersgotoschoolbybus.Somegotoschoolbybikeandtheothersgotoschoolbybus.invitev.邀请n.invitationinvitesb.todosth.”邀请某人干某事”invitesb.to+地点名词Mr.Greeninvitedmetovisithisfactorylastweek.ThanksalotforyourinvitationThanksforinvitingmetoyourparty..1Whatsthedatetoday意为今天是几月几号?Its+月+日2Whatdayisittoday意为今天是星期几Its+星期几一Whatsthedate一ItsSeptember10th.—Whatdayisittoday—ItsWednesday..havealessonclass上课haveanEnglishlesson.preparev.;隹备n.preparationpreparesth.准备某物,所准备的东西就是后面的宾语prepareforsth〃为……做准备〃,指为后面的宾语做准备preparetodosth.〃准备做某事”.bring...to…带来〃把某物从别的地方带到说话人的地方take…t…〃带去〃把某物从说话的地方带到别处去(两者方向相反)Bringyourhomeworkhereandtakethebookaway.把你的作业拿过来,把这本书带走.without(介词)没有反义词with具有Wecantlivewithoutwater.Janeisabeautifulgirlwithlonghair..sothat+从句以便于;目的是IstudyhardsothatIcangetgoodgrades.surprisen.惊奇surprisedadj.感到惊奇的(指人)surprisingadj.令人惊奇的(指物)besurprisedatsth.〃惊奇于某事〃toonessurprise令某人惊奇的是
①Imsurprisedatthesurprisingnews.我对这个令人惊讶的消息感到很吃惊
②Tomysurpriseheleftwithoutleavingaword令我惊奇的是,他一声不响地离开了
10.lookforwardto(介词)+名/代/V-ingIlookforwardtoyourreply.我期待你的答复Ilookforwardtoseeingyouagain..hearfromsb.=getaletterfromsb.收到某人的来信Iheardfrommyfriendsyesterday.=1gotaletterfrommyfriendyesterday..thebestwaytodosth.做某事的最好方式Exercisingisthebestwaytokeephealthy..howtodothat.该怎么做,疑问词+tdosth常用来做宾语Idontknowhowtomakeabananamilkshake.Idontknowwhattodo..attheendof〃在.•沫尾〃Nowitisattheendof
2014.反义短语atthebeginningof在…开始.beglad/happy/sadtodosth.很高兴/难过做某事Iamgladtoseeyou..replytosb./sth回复…〃Replyinwritingtotheinvitation以写信形式回复这份邀请函”【重点语法】表示邀请的句型Can/Couldyou...cometomypartyWouldyouliketo..Wouldyouliketomyparty接受:Sure/Yes/OfcourseTdlove/liketo.拒绝
①ImsorryIcan
71.1haveto/must+V原陈述理由
②Idlove/liketobutI...理由
3.rmafraidnot.I…(理由)二.must与havetomust表示主观必须;must表示主观上的要求,无人称和时态的变化,否定回答neednt或donthaveto(不必)mustn7t表示禁止”.haveto表客观需要,有人称和时态变化,否dont/doesn1t/didnthaveto(没必要)一MustIbehomebeforeeightozclock8点之前我必须回家吗—Yesyoumust./Noyouneednt./Noyoudonthaveto.UnitlOIfyougotothepartyyouIIhaveagreattime!【重点词语/短语用法解析】haveagreattime意为〃玩得喻快=enjoyoneselfhavefunhaveagood/wonderful/nicetimehaveagreat/goodtimein(doing)sth.估攵某事很开asksb.(not)todosth.要求某人(不)做某事Theteachersaskustodo(do)lotsofhomework.ordersth.from+地点”从某地订购食物Iwanttoordersomebooksfromthebookstore.keep...tooneself保守秘密unlessconj.除非;如果不unless引导的条件句表示在特定条件下,才决定做或不做一件事=if...notTheconcertwillbeheldasscheduleunlessthereisatyphoon.=Theconcertwillbeheldasscheduleifthereisnotatyphoon.beafraidtodosth.害怕干某事Fmafraidtospeakinfrontofotherpeople.beafraidofsth.害怕某事Hetoldmenottobeafraidofdifficulties.beafraid+that从句FmafraidthatIcantfinishontimebeangrywithsb.Wewereangrywithhimforkeepinguswaiting.beangryat/aboutsth.Heisangryat/aboutyouranswer.Iwasveryangryatwhathesaid.intheend最后;终于二atlast/finallyattheendof在…末端;到…尽头Hemarriedthenicegirlintheend/atlast/finally.Theschoolisattheendofthestreet.carelessadj.粗心的;反义词careful意为小心的Theboyisverycareless.这个男孩很粗心Heismorecarefulthanme.他比我认真advisev.劝告;建议n.advice是不可数名词.Givemesomeadvice!advisedoingsth.建议做某事advisesb.(not)todosth.建议某人(不)做某事Iadvisewaitingtilltherighttime.我建议等到适当的时候Iadvisehimnottosleeplateeveryday.我建议他不要每天睡懒觉It7sbest(not)todosth.最好(不)做某事ItsbesttospeakEnglisheveryday.runawayfrom从…逃离逃避cut...inhalf切成两半【重点语法】if条件句if条件句条件句用于陈述语气,表示假设的情况可能发生,其中if是“如果的意思,引导条件状语从句,if从句用一般现在时,主句则用一般将来时(主将从现)注意在与if条件句连用的主句中我们一般用will表示将来时,而不用begoingto表示将来时PS:在when(当…时候),afterbefore等引导的时间状语从句中,如果主句为一般将来时,从句要用一般现在时表示将来(主将从现)如IwillcallyouwhenIreachCanada.八年级下册UnitlWhafsthematter.haveafever发烧.haveacough咳嗽.haveatoothache牙疼.talktoomuch说得太多.drinkenoughwater喝足够的水.haveacold受凉;感冒.haveastomachache胃疼.haveasoreback背疼.haveasorethroat喉咙痛.takerisks冒险.hotteawithhoney加蜂蜜的热茶.seeadentist看牙医getanX-ray拍X光片takeonestemperature量体温putsomemedicineonsth.在giveup放弃soundlike听起来像allweekend整个周末inthesameway以同样的方式gotoadoctor看医生howlong〃多久〃—Howlongdidittakeyoutocleanthehouse你打扫房子用了多久?—Ittookmehalfanhourtocleanthehouse.我打扫这房子用了半小时Howmany+名复Howmuch+不可名多少问数量howmuch还可问价格【重点短语】gotothemovies去看电影lookafter=takecareof照顾surftheinternet上网healthylifestyle健康的生活方式goskateboarding去戈!]板keephealthy=stayhealthy保持健康eatinghabits饮食习惯takemoreexercise做更多的运动thesameas与什么相同bedifferentfrom不同onceamonth一月一次twiceaweek一周两次makeadifferenceto对有影响/作用goalong沿着……走onthesideoftheroad在马路边shoutforhelp大声呼救withoutthinkingtwice没有多想getoff下车haveaheartproblem有/匕月庄病toonessurprise另某人惊讶的是thanksto多亏了;由于intime及时makeadecision做出决定getintotrouble造成麻烦rightaway立亥!];马上becauseof由于getoutof离开;从出来keepondoingsth.继续或坚持做某事putabandageonsth用绷带包手Lfalldown摔倒feelsick感到恶心haveanosebleed流鼻血cuthisknee割伤他的膝盖putherheadback把她的头向后仰haveproblemsbreathing呼吸困难mountainclimbing登山运动beusedtodoingsth.习惯做某事runout(of)用完;用尽sothat以便so...that.・.如止匕以至于……beincontrolof掌管;管理inadifficultsituation在闲境中Unit2Illhelptocleanupthecityparks..Clean-UpDay清洁日anoldpeopleshome养老院helpoutwithsth.帮助解决困难usedto过去常常……carefor关心;照顾thelookofjoy快乐的表情attheageof在岁时cleanup打扫域清除)干净cheerup(使)变得更高兴振奋giveout分发;散发comeupwith想出;提出makeaplan制订计划makesomenotices做些公告牌tryout试用;试行workfor为…工作;为.…效力putup建造;举起;张贴handout分发;散发;发给callup打电话;召集putoff推迟;延迟forexample比如;例如raisemoney筹钱;募捐takeafter与……相像;像giveaway赠送;捐赠fixup修理;修补;解决besimilarto与相似setup建立;设立disabledpeople残疾人makeadifference影响;有作用beableto能够after-schoolreadingprogram课外阅读项目Unit3Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom.gooutfordinner出去吃饭.stayoutlate在外面待到很晚.gotothemovies去看电影.getaride搭车.workon从事.finishdoingsth.完成做某事.cleanandtidy干净整洁的.dothedishes洗餐具.takeouttherubbish倒]垃圾.foldyour/theclothes叠衣服.sweepthefloor扫地.makeyour/thebed整理床铺.cleanthelivngroom打扫客厅.noproblem没问题.welcomesb.欢迎某人.comehomefromschool/work放学/下班回家.throwdown扔下.sitdown坐下.comeover过来.takesb.forawalk带某人去散步.allthetime一直;总是.allday/evening整日/夜.dohousework做家务.shoutback大声回应.walkaway走开.sharethehousework分担家务
27.acomfortablehome一个舒适的家insurprise惊讶地.getsomethingtodrink拿点喝的东西.watchoneshow观看一个节目.hangout闲逛.passsb.sth.把某物传给某人.lendsb.sth.把某物借给某人.getsth.wet使某物弄湿.hatetodosth.讨厌做某事.dochores做杂务.helpsb.todo/withsth•帮助某人干某事.bringatent带顶帐篷来.buysomesnacks买些小吃.gotothestore去商店invitesb.toaparty邀请某人参加聚会.makesb.dosth.使某人做某事.enoughstress足够的压力.awasteoftime浪费时间.inorderto为了.getgoodgrades取得好成绩.minddoingsth.介意做某事.dependon依赖;依靠.developchildrensindependence发展孩子的独立性.lookafter/takecareof照顾;照看
51.doonespartindoingsth.做某人分内的事Unit4Whydotyoutalktoyourparents.havefreetime有空闲时间allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事hangoutwithsb.与某人闲逛after-schoolclasses课夕卜5舌动课getintoafightwithsb.与某人吵架/打架untilmidnight直到半夜talktosb.与某人交谈toomany太多studytoomuch学得过多getenoughsleep有足够的睡眠writesb.aletter给某人写信callsb.up打电话给某人surprisesb.令某人惊讶lookthrough翻看beangrywithsb.生某人的气abigdeal重要的事workout成功地发展;解决getonwith与…相处fightalot经常吵架/打架hangover笼罩refusetodosth.拒绝做某事offertodosth.主动提出做某事sothat以便mindsb.doingsth.介意某人做某事allthetime一直infuture今后makesb.angry使某人生气worryaboutsth.担心某事copyoneshomework抄袭某人的作业beoneself做自己familymembersspendtimealone独自消磨时光givesb.pressure给某人施压haveafightwithsb.与某人吵架competewithsb.与某人竞争freetimeactivities业余活动getbettergrades取得更好的成绩giveonesopinion提出某人的观点learnexamskills学习应试技巧practicesports体育训练causestress造成压力cutout删除Unit5Whatwereyoudoingwhentherainstormcame.makesure确信;确认beatagainst...拍打fallasleep进入梦乡;睡着diedown逐渐变弱;逐渐消失wakeup醒来inamess一团糟break...apart®分离intimesofdifficulty在困难的时候atthetimeof当时候gooff(闹钟)发出响声takeahotshower洗热水澡missthebus错过公交车pickup接电话bring...together使靠拢inthearea在这个地区misstheevent错过这个事件bythesideoftheroad在路边theAnimalHelpline动物保护热线walkby走路经过makeoneswayto....在某人去的路上hearthenews听到这个消息importanteventsinhistory历史上的重大事件forexample例如bekilled被杀害over5050多(岁)aschoolpupil一个小学生ontheradio通过广播insilence沉默;无声.morerecently最近地;新近.theWorldTradeCenter世贸中心.takedown拆除摧毁.havemeaningto对有意义.rememberdoingsth.记得做过某事
34.atfirst首先;最初Unit6Anoldmantriedtomovethemountains.workondoingsth.致力于做某事assoonas...—就onceuponatime从前continuetodosth.继续做某事makesth.happen使某事发生trytodosth.努力做某事thejourneytosp之旅tellthe/astory讲故事puton穿alittlebit有点儿keepdoingsth.坚持做某事giveup放弃insteadof代替;反而turn...into...®变成getmarried结婚themaincharacter主要人物;主人公atothertimes在另外一些时候beableto能;会comeout(书、电影等)出版becomeinterestedin...又寸感兴趣walktotheotherside走到另一边去afairytale一个神话故事therestofthestory故事的其余部分leavesb.todosth.让某人做某事makeaplantodosth.筹划/计划做某事gotosleep去N垂觉leadsb.tosp.把某人领到某地getlost迷路changeonesplan改变计划mostofthestudents=moststudentsshop=goshopping=dosomeshopping购物begoodfor又寸有益bebadfor又寸有害comehomefromschool放学回家ofcourse=certainly=sure当然getgoodgrades取得好成绩keep/beingoodhealth保持健康takeavacation去度彳发【词语辨析】.maybe/maybemaybe是副词,意为大概,可能,或许,一般用于句首Maybe是情态动词,意为可能是…,也许是…,大概是.Thebabyiscrying.Maybesheishungry.Thewomanmaybeateacher..afew/few/alittle/littlePeoplecanliveto100zbutfewpeoplecanliveto
150.Thereislittletimeleft.Iwontcatchthefirstbus.tellsb.todosth.叫某人做某事inthemoonlight在月光下findoneswayhome找到某人回家的路thenextday第二天sendsb.tosp.派某人去某地so...that...如止匕以致于Unit7Whatsthehighestmountainintheworldasbigas与一样大oneoftheoldestcountries最古老的国家之一feelfreetodosth.随意地做某事asfarasIknow据我所知man-madeobjects人造物体partof的组成部分thehighestmountain最高的山脉intheworld在世界上anyothermountain其它任何一座山ofallthesaltlakes在所有的咸水湖中runalong跨越freezingweather冰冻的天气takeinair呼吸空气thefirstpeopletodosth.第一个做某事的人inthefaceofdifficulties面临危险giveupdoingsth.放弃做某事achieveone5sdream实现某人的梦想theforcesofnature自然界的力量reachthetop到达顶峰eventhough虽然;尽管atbirth在出生的时候beawake醒着runoverwithexcitement兴奋地跑过去walkintosb.撞到某人fallover摔倒takecareof照顾;照料everytwoyears每两年cutdowntheforests砍伐林木endangeredanimals濒危动物fewerandfewerpandas大熊猫越来越少beindanger处于危险之中theimportanceofsavingtheseanimals拯救这些动物的重要性Unit8HaveyoureadTreasureIslandyet.onpage25在第25页thebackofthebook书的背面hurryup赶快;匆忙intwoweeks在两周之内goouttosea出海anislandfulloftreasures一个满是宝藏的岛屿writeabout写作关于的内容finishdoingsth.做完某事waitforanothership等待另一艘船到来learntodosth.学会做某事growfruitsandvegetables种水果和蔬菜afewweeksago几个星期前themarksofanothermansfeet另一个人的脚印notlongafterthat不久之后runtowardssp.跑向某地use...todosth.用来做某事signsleftbehindbysomeone某人留下的标记readthenewspaper看才艮sciencefiction科幻小说cantwaittodosth.迫不及待地做某事agoodwaytowakeup醒来的一个好办法numberofpeople人数usedtodosth.(过去)常常做某事studyabroad在国外学习makesb.dosth.使某人做某事cometorealize开始意识到eversincethen自从那时起thesouthernstatesofAmerica美国的南部地区belongto属于bekindtoeachother善待彼此trustoneanother互相信任thebeautyofnature大自然的美havebeentosp.去过某地dosomeresearchonsth.对做研究hopetodosth.希望做某事seesb.dosth.看到某人做某事thefirstlineinthesong歌曲的第一行enjoysuccessin享受的成功attheendoftheday傍晚的时候Unit9Haveyoueverbeentoamuseum
1.atnight在晚上
2.inamorenaturalenvironment在一个更加自然的环境中
3.allyearround一年到头,终年
4.befarfrom离远
5.inthedark在黑暗中
6.inthepast在过去
7.havebeentosp去过某地
8.sciencemuseum科学博物馆.historymuseum历史博物馆.amusementpark游乐园.gosomewheredifferent去不同的地方.goskating去滑冰.takethesubway坐地铁.agreatwaytospendaSaturdayafternoon一个过周六下午的好办法.alltheoldmoviecamera所有的古老的电影摄影机.learnaboutsth了解有关.....的情况.ontheweekend在周末.campinthemountains在大山里露营.putupatent搭帐篷nsucharapidway以如此速猛的方式
21.differentkinasof各种各样的
22.developmentoftoilets厕所的发展
23.socialgroups社会团体.theteaartperformances茶艺表演.makeaperfectcupofteawithbeautifulteasets.用漂亮的茶具沏一杯完美的茶.aniceplacetoenjoytea一个品茶的好地方.Thousandsof数以千计的.internationalMuseumofToilets国际厕所博物馆.theTerracottaArmy兵马俑.southeastAsia东南亚.nightSafari夜间动物园threequarters四分之三anEnglish-speakingcountry一个讲英语的国家haveaproblemdoingsth做某事很困难duringthedaytime在白天acoupleoftimes好几次rightnow现在,目前anamusementparkwithaspecialtheme一个有特别的主题的游乐园Walkaroundthepark在公园里到处走hearof听说takearide兜风anotherprovince另一个省theBirdsNest鸟巢encouragesbtodosth鼓励某人做某事ontheonehand....ontheotherhand一方面,另一方面UnitIOPvehadthisbikeforthreeyears..thesedays目前,现在.regardwithgreatinterest以极大的兴趣关注着.inorderto为了.sofar迄今,到目前为止inneed需要not...anymore不再・・・・・welcometosp欢迎来到・・・・.checkout察看观察boardgames棋类游戏onelastthing最后一样东西juniorhighschool初级中学clearout清理nolonger不再toymonkey玩具猴partwith与•.…分开tobehonest说实在的rideabike骑自行车haveayardsale进行庭院拍卖会onesoldthings某人的旧东西bringbacksweetmemories勾起甜美的回忆giveaway捐赠playforawhile玩一会dowith处理,处置searchforwork找工作forthelast13years在过去的13年里themid-20thcentury20世纪中期staythesame保持原状accordingto依照,按照inonesopinion依看inmytime在我那个年代Couldyougivemealittlemilkhard/hardlyhard作形容词,意为困难的,艰苦的,硬的;作副词,意为努力地,猛烈地hardly为副词,意为“几乎不Thegroundistoohardtodig.Icanhardlyunderstandthem.Itsraininghard.Thepeoplecanhardlygooutside.Asforhomeworkmoststudentsdohomeworkeveryday.asfor■…意思是至于;关于,+名词、代词或动词的-ing形式(即动名词)如:AsforhimIneverwanttoseehimhere.至于他,我永远不希望在这里见到Asforthestoryyoudbetternotbelieveit.关于那故事,你最好不要相信Thatsoundsinteresting.这是主语+系动词+表语”结构的简单句sound(听起来),look(看起来),smell(闻起来),taste(尝起来),feel(觉得),seem(好象),grow(变得)get(变得)等词在英语中可用作系动词后跟形容词作表语如Ittastesgood.这味道好Themusicsoundsverysweet.这音乐听起来很入耳Thesmokegrewheavierandheavier.烟雾变得越来越浓了percent名词,意为百分之……百分数的表示方法基数+percent不用复数形式,percent做主语时,谓语动词的数要根据其后面的名词来确定50%:fiftypercent百分之五十Fiftypercentoftheapplesarebad.50%的苹果都坏了Twentypercentofthemeatisinthefridge.20%的肉都在冰箱not...atall意为一点也不,not应放在be动词、情态动词或助动词之后Thestoryisnftinterestingatall那个故事一点也没有趣Itis+adj.todosth.做某事是……的Itisinterestingtoplaycomputergames.玩电脑很有趣takespendpayIttakessb.sometimetodosth.意为花费某人……时间来做某事”Asb.spend时间/钱onsth买某物花了……钱”Asb.spend时间/钱indoing”花费多少时间来做某事pay的主语必须是人,而花钱买某物为pay...for...however副词,意为然而可是,表示转折关系,可放在句首、句中、句末Unit3rmmoreoutgoingthanmysister.【重点语法】.形容词和副词的比较等级1形容词和副词的原形就是原级2比较级,表示较……或更……3最iWj级表小最….比较级句型A+be动词+开容词的比较级+than+BA比B更……注意A与B必须是同级的,即必须是人与人,物与物进行对比2A+实意动词+副词比较级+than+B表示A比B...3比较AB两人/两事物问其中哪一个较……时用句型Who/which+谓语动词+adj./adv.比较级AorBWhoisthinnerJennyorMary.比较级的特殊用法1比较级+and+比较级,意为越来越多音节比较级用moreandmore+原级”2the+比较级…the+比较级…”意思是:越…越…Themorethebetter.3主+is+the形容词比较级+ofthetwo+名复主语是两者中较……的.两者在某一方面相同A+谓语动词/be动词+as+adj./adv.原级+as+B.HelenisastallasAmy.PeterstudiesashardasTom.表示两者在某一方面不及另一方时,用notas/so+形容词或副词原级+as”Iamnotastallasmysister..形容词,副词比较级前的修饰语当需要表示一方超过另一方的程度时,可以用muchalotalittleabit等来修饰形容词比较级注意比较级不能用verysotooquite等修饰【重点短语】moreoutgoing更外向/更开朗as...as.••与—样thesingingcompetition歌咏比赛themostimportant最重要的betalentedinmusic在音乐方面有天赋thesameas与相同careabout关心/留意/关注bedifferentfrom与不同belikeamirror像一面镜子aslongas只要;与......一样长bringout显示/显出getbettergrades取得更好的成绩reachfor伸手达至V达到touchone7sheart感动infact事实上makefriends交月月友*成if从句主句(主将从现)甘一般现在时
1.一般将来时7eX主+beis/am/are+其它名/主语+shall/will+形)V原主+V原+其它
2.主句是祈使句主(三单)+V(三单)+其它
3.主句含有情态动词Canmaymust等词
4.主句含有wanthopewish等表愿望的词IfIamanteacherIwillbebusy.Ifyoucomebackcallmeplease.Ifhecomeshewilltakeust例Ifyoucancomeothezoo.句IfIhavemuchmoneypleaseletmeknow.Imaytakeatrip.afew(少数的,几个,一些)alittle(一点儿少量)■^=«-*-!few(很少的,几乎没有的)little(很少的,几乎没有的)表示否定修饰可数名词修饰不可数名词。