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考研外语高分通关试卷9
一、UseofEnglish1AnalystshavetheirgoathumorandIhavereadsomeofthisinterpretativeliterature1withoutbeinggreatlyinstructed.Humorcanbe23afrogcanbutthethingdiesintheprocessandtheinnardsare4toanybutthepurescientificmind.Oneofthethings5saidabouthumoristsisthattheyarereallyverysadpeople-clownswithabreakingheart.Thereissometruthinitbutitisbadly
6.Itwouldbemore7Ithinktosaythatthereisadeepveinofmelancholyrunningthrougheveryone,slifeandthatthehumoristperhapsmore8ofitthansomeotherscompensatesforitactivelyand
9.Humoristsfattenontroubles.Theyhavealwaysmadetrouble
10.Theystrugglealongwithagoodwillandendurepain11knowinghowwellitwill12theminthesweetbyandby.Youfindthemwrestlingwithforeignlanguagesfightingfoldingironingboardsandswollendrainpipessufferingtheterrible13oftightboots.TheypourouttheirsorrowsD.contrary.TtisthebeliefoforthodoxbiologythatDarwinianevolutionism.isfullybasedonillusions.focusespurelyonreasoning.isutterlyentitledtoworship.comestoaccountfornothing.UnderthelawofthermodynamicstheuniverseissupposedA.topushforwardprogress.togiverisetootherlifeforms.tomakeforatotalchaos.D.toimprovebywidemargins.Iftherewerepushtodirectorganizedcomplexitychancesofintelligenceevolutionwould.bewrecked.leveloff.C.beshortened.D.cropup.〃Myownfeelingswentfromdisbelieftoexcitementto0山iodownrightfear〃,saysCarlHergenrother23anArizonaundergraduatewhoverifiedalargeasteroidbarrelingtowardEarthwitha230cmtelescopeatopnearbyKittPeak.z,Itwasscarybecausetherewasthepossibilitythatwewereconfirmingthedemiseofsomecitysomewhereorsomestateorsmallcountry”.Wellnotquite.EarlylastweekhiscelestialinterloperwhizzedbyEarthmissingtheplanetby450620km一ahairbreadthinastronomicalterms.PerhapshalfakilometeracrossitwasthelargestobjecteverobservedtopassthatclosetoEarth.DuncanSteelanAustralianastronomerhascalculatedthatiftheasteroidhadstruckEarthitwouldhavehitatsome93450km/h.Theresultingexplosionscientistsestimatewouldhavebeeninthe3000-to-12000-megatonrange.ThatsaysastronomerEugeneShoemakerapioneerasteroidandcomethunter〃isliketakingalloftheU.S.andSovietnuclearweaponsputtingtheminonepileandblowingthemallup”.AndwhatifonethemisfoundtobeonacollisioncoursewithEarthScientistsatthenationallaboratoriesatLivermoreCaliforniaandLosAlamosNewMexicohavedevisedanumberofingeniousplansthatgivenenoughwarningtimecouldprotectEarthfromathreateningNEO.Theirdefensiveweaponsofchoiceincludelong-distancemissileswithconventionalormore1ikelynuclearwarheadsthatcouldbeusedeithertonudgeanasteroidintoasafeorbitorblastittosmithereens.Manypeople-includingsomeastronomers-areunderstandablynervousaboutputtingastandbysquadronofnucleartippedmissilesinplace.Hencethelateststrategywhichinsomecaseswouldobviatetheneedforanucleardefense:propellingafusilladeofcannonball-sizesteelspheresatanapproachingasteroid.Inahigh-velocityencounterwithaspeedingNEOexplainsGregoryCanavanaseniorscientistatLosAlamos“thekineticenergyoftheballswouldchangeintoheatenergyandblowthethingapart”.Someastronomersopposeanyimmediatedefensivepreparationscitingthehighcostsandlowoddsofalargeobject,sstrikingEarthinthecomingdecades.ButattheveryleastShoemakercontendsNEOdetectionshouldbeaccelerated.Theresthisthingcalledthegigglefactor,inCongress”hesays“peopleinCongressandalsoatthetoplevelinNASAstilldon,ttakeitseriously.Butweshouldmoveahead.Itsamatterofprudence”.TheworldhoweverstillseemslargelyunconcernedwiththedangerposedbylargebodieshurtlinginfromspacedespitethespectacletwoyearsagoofCometShoemaker-Levy9riddlingtheplanetJupiterwithmammothexplosions.Itremainstobeseenwhetherlastweeksrecordnear-misshaschangedanyminds.Fromthefirstthreeparagraphswelearnthat.A.theearthnarrowlyescapedacatastrophe.oneasteroidalmostdestroyedanentirecity.asteroidsarecomparabletonuclearweapons.theplanetearthisvulnerabletodangers.Whenmentioningthe”the3000-to-12000-megatonrange”Para.3thewriteristalkingabout.A.strikingspectacles.B.conventionalweapons.C.explosiveimpact.D.defensivestrategies.ThedescriptionofCongress,sgigglefactor”Para.6showsthewriter,s.appreciation.disbelief.excitement.D.ridicule.Accordingtothetextnucleartippedmissilesand“cannonball-sizesteelspheres7Para.
5.A.aredifferentinnature.B.servesimilarfunctions.C.areidenticaltoeachother.D.poserealchallenges.Itseemsthatthewriteris.activetofendoffinvadingasteroids.largelyunconcernedwiththedanger.interestedinmilitaryinitiatives.D.enthusiasticaboutspottingasteroids.AMERICAScentralbanksentaclearmessagethisweek.ForthesecondconsecutivemeetingtheFederalOpenMarketCommitteethecentralbank,spolicy-makingcommitteeleftshortterminterestratesunchangedat
1.75%.Butitsaidthattherisksfacingtheeconomyhadshiftedfromeconomicweaknesstoabalancebetweenweaknessandexcessivegrowth.Thisshiftsurprisednoone.Butithasconvincedmanypeoplethatinterestratesaresettoriseagain-andsoon.Judgingbypricesinfuturesmarketsinvestorsarebettingthatshort-terminterestratescouldstartrisingasearlyasMayandwillbe
1.25percentagepointshigherbytheendoftheyear.Thatmaybeexcessive.EconomistsatGoldmanSachswholongarguedthatthecentralbankwoulddonothingthisyearnowexpectshort-termratestogouponly
0.75%thisyearstartinginJune.ButvirtuallyeveryonereckonssomeFedtighteningisintheoffing.ThereasonAfteranunprecedented11rate-cutsin2022shortterminterestratesareabnormallylow.AsthesignsofrobustrecoverymultiplyanalystsexpecttheFedtotakebacksomeoftherate-cutsitusedasaninsurancepolicyaftertheSeptember11thterroristattack.TheythinktherewillbeagradualmovefromtheFed,scurrentaccommodativemonetarystancetoamoreneutralpolicy.Andaneutralpolicymanyargueultimatelyimpliesshortterminterestratesofaround4%.Logicalenough.Buthigherratescouldstillbefurtheroffparticularlyiftherecoveryproveslessrobustthanmanyhope.Certainlyrecenteconomicindicatorshavebeenextraordinarilystrong:unemploymentfellforthesecondconsecutivemonthinFebruaryandindustrialproductionroseinbothJanuaryandFebruary.Themanufacturingsectorisgrowingafter18monthsofdecline.ThemostoptimisticWallStreetersnowexpectGDPtohaveexpandedbybetween5%and6%onanannualbasisinthefirstquarter.Butonestrongquarterdoesnotimplyasustainablerecovery.Intheshorttermthebounce-backisbeingdrivenbyadramaticrestockingofinventories.Butitcanbesustainedonlyifcorporateinvestmentrecoversandconsumerspendingstaysbuoyant.Withplentyofslackcapacityaroundandmanyfirmsstuckwithhugedebtsandlousyprofitsitishardtoseewheresurginginvestmentwillcomefrom.AnddespitefallingunemploymentAmerica,sconsumerscoulddisappointthebulls.Theseuncertaintiesalonesuggestthecentralbankwillbecautiousaboutraisinginterestrates.IndeedgiventhehugepressureoncorporateprofitstheFederalReservemightbehappytoseeconsumerpricesriseslightly.InshortwhileWallStreetfretsaboutwhenandhowmuchinterestrateswillgoup.Theanswermaywellbenotsoonandnotmuch.ThepurposeoftheauthorinwritingthistextistointerpretthemessagefromthecentralbankB.justifytheriseofshortterminterestrates.illustratewhatisweaknessandunduegrowth.contrastdifferentviewsoneconomicindices.HowdoeseveryonefeelaboutthemessagegivenbyAmericascentralbankEncouraged.Panicked.Confused.Misguided.Thephrasecurrentaccommodativemonetarystance”Para.denotes.optimal.excessive.logical.prudent.DespitesignsofstrongeconomicrecoveryAmericancompaniesarestillpressedfor.A.tremendousdebts.B.considerableprofits.C.soaringinvestment.D.excessivegrowth.WhichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothistextShort-terminterestratesshouldbeguardedwisely.Unemploymentnolongerconstitutesaproblem.Asustainablerecoverydependsoncorporateprofits.Toomuchcautionmightsuspendeconomicgrowth.
16、Comeonmyfellowwhitefolkswehavesomethingtoconfess.Outwithitfriendsthebiggestsecretknowntowhitessincetheinventionofpowderedrouge:welfareisawhiteprogram.Thenumbersgolikethis:61%ofthepopulationreceivingwelfarelistedas“means-testedcashassistancebytheCensusBureauisidentifiedaswhitewhileonly33%isidentifiedasblack.ThesenumbersnotwithstandingtheRepublicanversionofApoliticalcorrectnesshasgivenus“welfarecheatasanewtermforAfricanAmericansincetheearlydaysofRonaldReagan.Ourconfessionsurelystands:whitefolkshavebeengobblingupthewelfarebudgetwhileblamingsomeoneelse.Butitsworsethanthat.IfwelookatSocialSecuritywhichisanotherformofwelfarealthoughitisoftenmistakenforanindividualinsuranceprogramthenwhitesaretheoneswhoarecrowdingthetrough.Wereceivealmosttwiceasmuchpercapitaforanaggregateadvantagetoourraceof$10billionayear一muchmorethanthe$
3.9billionadvantageAfricanAmericangainfromtheirdisproportionateshareofwelfare.Onesadreason:whitesliveanaverageofsixyearslongerthanAfricanAmericansmeaningthatyoungblackworkershelpsubsidizeahugeandgrowingover-classofwhiteretirees.Idonotseeourconfessionbringingmuchrelief.Theresareasonforresentmentthoughithasmoretodowithclassthanwithrace.Whitepeoplearepoortooandinnumbersfarexceedinganyofourmoregenerouslypigmentedsocialgroups.Andpovertyasdefinedbythegovernmentisavastunderestimationoftheeconomicterrorthatpersistsatincomes-suchas$20000oreven$40000andabove-thatweliketothinkofasmiddleclass.Theproblemisnotthatwelfareistoogeneroustoblacksbutthatsocialwelfareingeneralistoostingytoallconcerned.Naturallywhitesintheswellingnearpoorcategoryresentthenotionofwholeracessupposedlyfrolickingattheirexpense.Whitesnearpoorandmiddleclassneedhelptoo—asdothemanyAfricanAmericans.Sowewhitefolkshaveachoice.Wecankeeppretendingthatwelfareisblackprogramandaschemefortransferringourearningstothepocketsofshiftlessdark-skinnedpeople.Orprofitablyina14ofwhatisnotquitefictionnorquitefacteither.Beneaththesparkingsurfaceofthesedilemmasflowsthestrong15ofhumanwoe.Practicallyeveryoneisamanicdepressiveofsortswithhisupmomentsandhisdownmomentsandyoucertainlydon,thavetobeahumoristto16thesadnessofsituationandmood.Butthereisoftenaratherfinelinebetweenlaughingandcryingandifahumorouspieceofwritingbringsapersontothepoint17hisemotionalresponsesareuntrustworthyandseemlikelytobreakoverintotheoppositerealmitis18humorlikepoetryhasanextracontentitplays19tothebighotfirewhichisTruthandsometimesthereaderfeelsthe
20.whilealthoughbutif
2、⑵explainedintegrateddetectedD.dissectedwecanclearourthroatsblushprettilyandadmitthatwearehurtingtoo一forcashassistancewhenweredownandoutforhealthinsuranceforcollegeaidandalltherest.RacialscapegoatinghasitscharmsIwilladmit:thesurgeofrighteousangereventhefun-forthoseinclined-ofwearingsheetsandburningcrosses.Buttherearebetternoblersourcesofwhiteprideitseemstome.Rememberthis:onlywecantrulydeeplyblush.WhitefolksinU.S.areatagreateradvantageinthat.theyobtainmorebenefitsfromwelfare.theyshowcontemptforAfricanAmericans.theyblametheblacksforwelfaretheft.D.theyhaveachoicetotheirbestinterests.Itcaninferredfromthe2ndparagraphthat.A.blackworkersaregenerousunlesswronglyaccused.whiteshavealongerlifeexpectancythanblacks.blackpeoplemaycontributemuchtowelfarebudgets.whitesreceivelessfinancialaidthanblacks.Theexpression〃racialscapegoatingPara.4bestdenotesangeratthemercyoflaws.anaidintermsofprejudice.reliefforthesakeofclasses.avictiminthenameofraces.TheauthorismostcriticaloftheWhites,.confession.hypocrisy.arrogance.hysteria.Thefunctionofthelastparagraphis.A.toreversethepreviouslyexpressedthoughts.B.toadvancethefinalargument.C.toheappraisesupontheprideofthewhites.D.toechothethesisstatement.PartB10pointsYouaregoingtoreadatextaboutGold-MedalWorkoutsfollowedbyalistofexamples.Choosethebestexamplefromthelistforeachnumberedsubheading.Thereisoneextraexamplewhichyoudonotneedtouse.DrawingonbiomechanicsandothersportsscienceOlympichopefulstargetjusttherightmusclesandmoves.Olympiansofyesteryearsharedthesamegoalbuttheywouldhardlyrecognizetodaystrainingtechniques.ToachievetoOlympianidealoffasterhigherstronger”coachesnowrealizeathletesdonthavetotrainmorebuttheydohavetotrainsmarter.Thatswhythesedayscross-countryNordicskierskneelonskateboardsandtugonpulleystohaulthemselvesuparamp.Byanalyzingeverymotionthatgoesintoaskijumporalugerunthescienceofbiomechanicsbreaksdowneventsintotheircomponentpartsanddetermineswhichmovementsofwhichmusclesarethekeytoasuperlativeperformance.Knowingthatiscrucialforasimplebuttomanycoachesandtrainersunexpectedreason:itturnsoutthatalthoughtrainingforgeneralconditioningimprovesfitnessthebestwaytoboostperformanceisbyworkingthemusclesandpracticingthemovesthatwillbeusedincompetition.Itscalledsport-specifictraining.Waystoworktherightmusclesandtraintherightpatternsofmovement.Sport-specifictrainingdoesn5thavetomeanrunningtheactualcourseorperformingtheexactevent.Thereareotherwaystoworktherightmusclesandtraintherightpatternofmovement.DoingsitupsonaSwissballforinstancedevelopstorsocontrolaswellasstrength.TheFinnishice-hockeyteamrecentlyaddedacrobaticstoitstrainingregimebecauseithelpsplayerstobalanceontheicesaysheadcoachRaimoSummanen.Performance-enhancingstrategies.Theadvancesinphysiologythathaverevolutionizedtrainingaregivingsportsscientistsabetterunder-standingofhowtoimprovestrengthpowerspeedandbothaerobicandanaerobicfitness:Trainingthestart-up.Speedispartlygenetic.Astarsprinterisprobablybornwithapreponderanceoffast-twitchmusclefiberswhichfirerepeatedlywithonlymicrosecondrestsinbetween.Speedtrainingthereforeaimstorecruitmorefast-twitchfibersandincreasethespeedofnervesignalsthatcommandmusclestomove.43Strengthreflectsthepercentageofmusclefibersthebodycanrecruitforagivenmovement.“Someonewithpurestrengthcanrecruit90percentofthesefiberswhilesomeoneelserecruitsonly50percent”saystheUSOCsDavis.Developinganaerobicfitness.Anaerobicfitnesskeepsthemusclesmovingevenwhentheheartcan,tprovideenoughoxygen.TopostponethepointwhenacidbeginstoaccumulateoratleasttrainthebodytotolerateitJimWalkerhasthespeedskatersheworkswithpushthemselvesbeyondwhattheyneedtodoincompetition.Powerisstrengthwithspeed.“Oneofthebiggestchangesinstrengthtrainingisthatweregettingawayfrompurestrengthandemphasizingpowerorexplosivestrength”saysUSOCstrength-and-conditioningcoordinatorKevinEbel.Difficultiesunderway.Itsstilldifficulttopersuadecoachestoletsportsscientistsmesswiththeirathletes.ToovercomesuchresistancetheUSOCsPeterDavishassetup^performance-enhancingteamswherecoachesandscientistsputtheirheadstogetherandapplythebestsciencetotraining.ComeFebruarytheworldwillseehowsciencefaredinitsattempttomoldathleticexcellence.A.ZachLundracesskeletonahead-firstbelly-downsledraceinwhichthestartiscrucial.Hehastosprintinabent-overpositionpushinghi
22、42434445PartCDirections:ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.10pointsAnawkward-lookingcharactersuchasCyranodeBergeracmightsniffatthesuggestionbutrecentscientificresearchshowsbeautybrainsandbrawnmayinfactallbealliedwritesDr.RajPersaud.46Psychologistshaveconcludedthatwemaybedrawntothestereotypicallyattractivebecauseofwhattheirfacesrevealabouttheirintelligenceandsuccessinlaterlife.InAmericanresearchledbyProfessorLeslieZebrowitzofBrandeisUniversityhasshownanassociationbetweenfacialattractiveandTQ.Strangersbrieflyexposedtoatarget*sfacewereabletocorrectlyjudgeintelligenceatlevelssignificantlybetterthanchance.Thesameteamalsoresearchedhowaperson,sattractivenessmightbearrelationtotheirintelligence.Theyfoundthatgood-lookingpeopledidbetterinIQtestsastheyaged.47Theirresearchsoughttoprovethathowapersonperceivedhimselfandwasperceivedbyotherspredictedhowintelligentheapparentlybecamemoreaccuratelythanhispastintel1igence.48Perhapsbecausethemoreattractivepeopleweretreatedasmoreintelligenttheyendeduphavingmorestimulatingandthereforeintelligence-enhancinglives.DoesthismeanthatyourfacereallycouldbeyourdestinySociologistsDrUlrichMuellerandDr.AllanMazuroftheUniversityofMarburginGermanyrecentlyanalyzedthefinal-yearphotographsofthe1950graduatesofWestPointintheUnitedStates.Dominantfacialappearancesturnedouttobeaconsistentpredictoroflaterrankattainment.Againtheybelievedtherecouldbeaselffulfillingeffect.49Becausesomemenlookedmoreauthoritativetheynaturallydrewrespectandobediencefromotherswhichinturnassistedtheirrisethroughtheranks.AteamattheRoyalCollegeofSurgeonsinDublinhasbeeninvestigatingthesensitivesubjectoflinksbetweenphysicalandmentalabnormalities.LedbyDoctorsRobinHennessyandJohnWaddingtontheteamusedanewlasersurface-scanningtechniquetomakea3-Danalysisofhowfacialshapemightvarywithbrainstructure.Theirfindingsshowedthatinearlyfetallifebrainandfacedevelopmentareintimatelyconnected.FromthistheyconcludedthatabnormalitiesinDrainelaborationprobablyalsoaffectfacedevelopment.ThisaccordingtothemexplainsthestrikingfacialfeaturesofsomeonewithDown,ssyndrome.50Usingsimilartechniquestheteamalsodemonstratedhowotherdisorderslinkedtobrainaberrationscouldbeassociatedwithfacialalterations.Sotheverylatestscientificresearchsuggeststhatnobodyshouldtrytolooktooobviouslydifferentfromaverage.47484950参考答案【
一、UseofEnglish]「5CDABB6〜10DACDB1「20点击下载查看答案【
二、ReadingComprehension]广5DBACD6~10ACDBAll~30点击下载查看答案
3、3asforwhichthough
4、⑷A.disgustingB.discouragingC.discountingD.dismissing
5、⑸A.regularlyB.commonlyC.roughlyD.uniquely
6、6A.consultedB.commentedC.remarkedD.stated
7、7A.accuratenormalimmediateD.exclusive
8、
(8)A.consciouslyB.credulousC.sensibleD.absurd
9、9A.adequatelyB.confusedlyC.reluctantlyD.positively
10、10comeacrosspayoffholdupD.breakdown11A.annoyinglyB.cheerfullyC.worriedlyD.hopefully12interestthreatenC.benefitD.deprive
13、13pleasureexhibitionprejudicediscomfort14stylepatternformmold15tidedriftfloatflare16tastesteertacklestir17howwherehowunless18whenthatwhateverbecause19openrelatedcloseD.devoted20warmthseverityC.tensionD.fever
二、ReadingComprehension
1、PartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingABCorD.40pointsThediscoveryoflifebeyondEarthwouldtransformnotonlyoursciencebutalsoourreligionsourbeliefsystemsandourentireworld-view.Forinasensethesearchforextraterrestriallifeisreallyasearchforourselves一whoweareandwhatourplaceisinthegrandsweepofthecosmos.Contrarytopopularbeliefspeculationthatwearenotaloneintheuniverseisasoldasphilosophyitself.TheessentialstepsinthereasoningwerebasedontheatomictheoryoftheancientGreekphilosopherDemocritus.Yetphilosophyisonethingfillinginthephysicaldetailsisanother.Althoughastronomersincreasinglysuspectthatbiofriendlyplanetsmaybeabundantintheuniversethechemicalstepsleadingtoliferemainlargelymysterious.Traditionallybiologistsbelievedthatlifeisafreak-theresultofazillion-to-oneaccidentalconcatenationofmolecules.Itfollowsthatthelikelihoodofitshappeningagainelsewhereinthecosmosisinfinitesimal.Thisviewpointderivesfromthesecondlawofthermodynamicswhichpredictsthattheuniverseisdying一slowlyandinexorablydegeneratingtowardastateoftotalchaos.Andsimilarreasoningappliestoevolution.AccordingtotheorthodoxviewDarwinianselectionisutterlyblind.Anyimpressionthatthetransitionfrommicrobestomanrepresentsprogressispurechauvinismofourpart.Thepathofevolutionismerelyarandomwalkthroughtherealmofpossibilities.Ifthisisrighttherecanbenodirectionalitynoinnatedriveforward;inparticularnopushtowardconsciousnessandintelligence.ShouldEarthbestruckbyanasteroiddestroyingallhigherlife-formsintelligentbeingswouldalmostcertainlynotarisenexttimearound.Thereishoweveracontraryview一onethatisgainingstrengthanddirectlychallengesorthodoxbiology.Itisthatcomplexitycanemergespontaneouslythroughaprocessofself-organization.Ifmatterandenergyhaveaninbuilttendencytoamplifyandchannelorganizedcomplexitytheoddsagainsttheformationoflifeandthesubsequentevolutionofintelligencecouldbedrasticallyshortened.HistoricallyBertrandRussellarguedthatauniverseunderadeathsentencefromthesecondlawofthermodynamicsrenderedhumanlifeultimatelyfutile.Allourachievementsallourstruggles“allthenoondaybrightnessofhumangenius”asheputitwouldinthefinalanalysiscountfornothingiftheverycosmositselfisdoomed.ButwhatifinspiteofthesecondlawofthermodynamicstherecanbesystematicprogressalongsidedecayForthosewhohopeforadeepermeaningorpurposebeneathphysicalexistencethepresenceofextraterrestriallife-formswouldprovideaspectacularboostimplyingthatweliveinauniversethatisinsomesensegettingbetterandbetterratherthanworseandworse.Thewriterorganizeshisideasinthetextmainlyby.justifyingpopularbeliefs.makingcomparisons.C.lookingbackonhistory.D.posingsharpcontrasts.
2、OnthepossibilitiesoflifebeyondEarthastronomersandancientphilosophers,viewsare.opposite.similar.C.divergent.。