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重难点05非谓语动词学生版建议用时:30分钟根据对非谓语动词部分上海各区模拟及市中考试题的分析可知,今后该部分仍将是重点考查点之一其考查重点为:Lit作形式主语、宾语的用法.感官动词后不定式作宾语补足语和动词ing形式作宾语补足语的用法:.动词不定式与疑问代词和疑问副词的连用.一些特殊动词的动词不定式作宾语补足语时不带口,但变为被动语态时就要带t:.有些动词既可接不定式也可接动词ing形式作宽语,但表达的意思不同满分技巧非谓语动词的用法非谓语动词分类不定式todosth;动名词v-ing;现在分词doing;过去分词done;初中阶段需要掌握的主要是动名词和不定式的固定搭配,及使动用法的词现在分词和过去分词的用法差别非谓语动词用法:动词不定式(todo)的用法.作主语TolearnEnglishwellisimportant.Toeatvegetablescanhelpuskeephealthy.△动词不定式作主语时可以用动名词替换LearningEnglishisimportant.Eatingvegetablescanhelpuskeephealthy.△动词不定式作主语时,常用it作形式主语,而把不定式放在后面ItsimportanttolearnEnglish.Itcanhelpuskeephealthytoeatvegetables..作表语MyjobistoteachEnglish./Hishobbyistocollectstamps..作宾语.动词不定式常用作及物动词的宾语,这些动词有want=wouldlike(想要),learnteachmakeuponesmind=decide=determine(决定做)hopewishagreeafford(负担得起)try(do)onesbest(尽力)takeactions(采取行动)planexpectmanage(设;去)failoffer(主动提出)promiselefuse(才巨绝)pretend4发装)preparefeardemand/need(要求,需要)arrange(安排)haveability(有能力)Hewantstogohomeatonce.IbegantoplaythepianowhenIwasfour..作宾语补足语.动词不定式还可用作双宾的形式,这些动词有want二wouldlike(想要)task/tell/teach/wam(警告)/wish/need=require二request(需要要求)/expect/wish/0rdec二instruct二comand(命令指示)/encourage/allow二permit(允许)/invite/enable/force/advise(建议)/beg(求)/bear(忍受)/drive(马区使)/cause(致使,弓|起)/persuade(说服)sb(not)todosth.Lucyaskedhimtoturndowntheradio.Mothertoldmenottocomehomelate.rdlikeyoutomeetmyfamily.批注advisesb.todosth./suggest(that)sb.(should)dosth.(虚拟语气)△使役动词makelethave后的宾语补足语其不定式的to要省略而help后的不定式可以带to也可以不带0但是改成被动语态时,要加“to”make/let/havesb.dosth・/helpsb・(to)desth.Couldyoupleasehelpme(to)dosomehouseworkIhearhimsingeverynight.(变成被动语态)一Heisheardtosingbymeeverynight.(变成被动语态)Wesawherplaythepianolastnight.一Shewasseentoplaythepianobyuslastnight.Itmademefeelsad(变成被动语态)一Iwasmadetofeelsadbyit.注意感官动词seehearwatchnotice等动词的用法seeSb.hearsb./sth.doingsth.watchdonotice.作定语
(1)这种不定式与它所修饰的名词有逻辑上的动宾关系Ihavemuchworktodo.DoyouhaveanythingtosayWouldyoulikesomethingtoeatItsagoodplacetohavefun.如果这个不定式是不及物动词,它后面就要有必要的介词Thereisnothingtoworry./Hehasnoroomtolive.Thedogiseasytotakecare./Idlikesomepapertowrite.
(2)说明所修辞名词的内容Wehadaplantofinishthework.
(3)被修辞名词是不定式逻辑主语Heisthefirsttogetthere..作状语Icameheretoseeyou.(目的)Pmsorrytohearthat.(原因)Tomistooyoungtogotoschool.(结果)TogettoworkhetakesNo.7buseveryday.(目的).“疑问词+不定式”结构疑问词whowhatwhenwherehowwhich等后接不定式,构成不定式短语,在句中作主语,宾语,表语等Wheretoliveisaproblem.(主语)Doyouknowwhentostart(宾语)Theproblemishowtousethemachine.(表语)Idontknowtodoit.(宾语)A.whatB.how.固定短语.can,twaittodosth迫不及待做某事get/haveachancetodosth得到一个做某事的机会It9s+adj.+(forsb)todosth.做某事(对某人来说)怎么样Ifs+adj.+(ofsb.)todosth.Ittakessb.Sometime/moneytodosth.花费某人多长时间做某事(常考)Ifsbestforsb.todosth对某人来说做某事是最好的It9stimeforsbtodosth.是某人做某事的时候了too...(fbrsb.)to太・・・・・以致不能・・・・・=not...enoughtodo=so.・・that....(否定)[限时检测
一、单项选择Thestudentstaketurnstheclassroomafterschooleveryday.A.cleanB.cleaningC.cleanedD.tocleanIhopethefarmthissummervacation.A.visitB.tovisitC.visitingD.visitsWillthespecialperiodencouragestudentsmoreindependentoftheirparentsA.beB.beingC.beenD.tobe—Thegirlsittingnexttoyouisoftenseendancinginthedancingroom.一ShewillperformatArtFestivaltomorrow.Itmustbewellworth.A.topractice;watchingB.topractice;towatchC.practice;watchingD.practice;towatchSinceyouvedecidedtoloseweightyoushouldstopjunkfood.A.toeatB.eatingC.ateD.eatWe9resomuchlookingforwardyou.A.toseeB.seeingC.toseeingD.seeWemustrememberthatisourmaintask.A.studyhardB.studyinghardC.hardstudyD.hardstudyingItmadeusverysurprisedhimlikethat.A.heartalkB.heartotalkC.hearingtalkingD.toheartalkAllensparentsexpectedhimhighscoresinthefinalexamination.A.gettingB.getC.togetD.got—Whydidyoustopinfrontoftheclassroomjustnow—Iheardsomeonethere.A.singsB・tosingC.singingD.singYoudbetterhomeatonce.Dontkeepyourmother.A.togowaitB.goingwaitingC.togotowaitD.gowaitingThetwinsguitaratthistimeyesterday.Ithinktheymightbepreparingfortheartfestivalthesedays.A.heardplayingB.heardtoplayC.wereheardplayingD.wereheardtoplay.Thereaboyandtwowomenforyououtside.A.are;waitB.are;waitingC.is;waitingD.is;waitListen!Thereisaboynextroom.A.issingingB.singC.singsD.singingIcouldseebeesandbutterfliesonthehillwhenIwasalittleboy.A.danceB.dancesC.dancingD.todanceIplanedtohavesomeonethecomputerbutTonyhadityesterday.A.repair;repairB.torepair;repairC.repaired;torepairD.repair;repairedTherearemorethan3000languagesintheworld.A.speakB.spokeC.speakingD.spokenMywashingmachinebrokedownwhileIwaswashingclothesjustnow.Iwillgetitrightaway.A.repairB.torepairC.repairedD.repairingIwanttogetmybicyclebutmybrotherAlanadvisesmeanewone.A.repair;tobuyB.repaired;buyC.repair;buyD.repaired;tobuy一Didyouhaveanydifficultyintodayshomework一NoinfactIfound.A.iteasytodoB.itveryeasydoneC.itsveryeasydoingD.veryeasytodoThebossmadehisworkers12hoursadaywhichwasagainstthelaw.A.toworkB.workingC.workedD.workTheGreeksconsideredatrickaftertenyearsoffailuretocapturethecity.A.touseB.usingC.useD.usedThecomputerdoesntwork.WhynotconsideranewoneA.buyB.boughtC.tobuyD.buyingThehigh-speedrailwaywillmakeiteasierforpeoplearound.A.travelB.travellingC.totravelD.travelledHespentallhisfreetimehehashisclassmates.A.helpingB.helpedC.tohelpD.helpOnlybyshoutingatthetopofhisvoice.A.hewasabletomakehimselfhearB.washeabletomakehimselfhearC.washeabletomakehimselfheardD.hewasabletomakehimselfheard—WellbefreeonthisyearsMayDaysoIsuggesttoHuai9anWestamusementpark(淮安西游乐园).一SorryIllhavemycar.Somethingiswrongwithitslight.A.visiting;repairB.visiting;repairedC.avisit;repairD.avisit;repaired.theneighborshebecametheprideofhisfamily.A.PraisingbyB.PraisedbyC.TopraiseD.PraisewithadvantagesofhisexperienceinpoliticsDemocraticpresidentialnominee(候选人)JoeBidenUSpresidentontheeighthNovember82020predictedtocarryoutaseriesofnewrulesinthenearfuture.A.Taking;waselectedB.Taking;iselectedC.Took;electedD.Taken;hadbeenelectedThescientistspentthreedaysinthestudythinkingabouttheproblem.A.lockingB.lockedC.tolockD.locks。