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中考英语常用高频近义词（短语）辨析inclassintheclassinclass在课上intheclass在班级里eg.Heisthebeststudentintheclass.onfireonthefireonfire着火onthefire在火上eg.Putthefoodonthefire.eg.Thehouseisonfire.outofquestionoutofthequestionoutofquestion毫无疑问的outofthequestion不可能的asecondthesecondasecond又一，再一，thesecond第eg.Hewonthesecondprize.bydaybythedaybyday白天bytheday按天计算eg.Theworkersarepaidbytheday.
1.thepeopleapeoplethepeople指人apeople指民族eg.TheChineseisapeace-lovingpeople.
2.itoneit同一物体one同类不同一eg.Ilostmypen.Ihavetobuyanewone.
3.thatthisthat指代上文所提到的；比较级中用其指代this导出下文所要说的eg.Iwasill.Thatswhy*
4.nonenothingnoonenone强调有多少nothingnoone强调有没有，nothing指物，noone指人eg.Howmany••/Howmuch---None.eg.Who***Noone.egWhat---Nothing.anyoneanyoneanyone指人，不能接ofanyone指人物均可，可接ofwhowhatwho指姓名或关系what指职业或地位eg.WhatisyourdadHeisateacher.whatwhichwhat的选择基础是无限制的which在一定范围内进行选择eg.Whichdoyoupreferbananasorapplesotheranotherother后接名词复数another后接名词单数eg.otherstudentsanotherstudentnotalittlenotabitnotalittle非常notabit一点也不eg.rmnotabittired.我一点儿也不累manymuchalotofmany和可数名词连用much和不可数名词连用alotof可数，不可数均可，但不用于否定句eg.Ihaven，tgotmanybooks.muchmore***thanmanymore***thanmuchmore…than后接形容词或不可数名词manymore…than后接可数名词eg.manymorepeoplemuchmorewatermuchmorebeautifulnonotno=nota/anynofriend=nota/anyfriendnowater=notanywaternomorethannotmorethannomorethan相当于only仅仅，只有notmorethan至多，不超过
14.majoritymostmajority只能修饰可数名词most可数不可数均可eg.themajorityofpeople
15.byoneselfforoneselftooneselfofoneselfbyoneself单独的，独自的foroneself为自己tooneself供自己用的ofoneself自行的，自动的eg.Thedooropenedofitself.atallafterallatall根本全然afterall到底，毕竟eg.Afterallheisachild.tallhightall常指人或动物high常指物体fastquicklyfast侧重于指人或物体具有运动速度快的特点quickly侧重指某事完成或发生的快eg.runfastanswerthequestionquickly
24.highhighlyhigh具体的高，highly抽象的高，高度的thinkhighlyof...高度赞扬・・・
25.healthyhealthfulhealthy健康的，健壮的healthful有益于健康的eg.healthfulexercise
26.sleepingasleepsleepy-sleeping正在睡觉asleep睡着，熟睡，只能做表语sleepy困的，有睡意的eg.asleepingbaby.egThebabyisasleep.eg.rmsleepy.goldgoldengold指真金制品agoldringgolden指金色的但金鱼用goldfishmostmostlymost用于表感受的肯定句中，译为“大多数”时是形容词或名词；译为“极其，非常”时是副词mostly大部分是副词mostpeoplethepeoplearemostly*
29.justveryjust表强调时是副词，作状语vew表强调时是形容词，用作定语theveryman（正是这个人）justtheman
30.widebroadwide侧重于一边到另一边的距离broad侧重于幅面的宽广eg.broadshoulders
31.realtruereal真的，真实的，指的是事实上存在而不是想象的true真的，真正的，指的是事实和实际情况相符合eg.realgoldatruestory
32.respectfulrespectablerespectful尊敬，有礼貌respectable可敬的，值得尊敬的eg.berespectfultotheaged（老年人）
33.outwardsoutward二者均可用作副词，表示向外，外面outward还可用作形容词eg.anoutwardvoyage
34.pleasantpleasedpleasingpleasant常用作定语pleasedpleasing常用作表语pleased主语常为人pleasing主语常为物eg.apleasanttrip=Thetripispleasing.understandingunderstandableunderstanding明白事理的，能体谅的understandable可理解的，能够懂的eg.anunderstandinggirlanunderstandablemistakeclosecloselyclose接近，靠近closely紧紧地，紧密地eg.closelyconnectedstandclose
37.illsickill做表语sick定，表均可eg.asickboy
38.goodwellgood形容词well副词，但指身体状况是形容词eg.Heiswellagain.quietsilentstillquiet安静的，可以发出小的声音silent不发出声音，但可以动still完全不动完全无声响eg.Hestandtherestill.他站在那儿，一动不动，也不说话hardhardlyhard努力hardly几乎不eg.workhardeg.Icanhardlybelieveit.ablecapableable与不定式todo连用capable与of连用eg.Heiscapableofdoing…almostnearly二者均为〃几乎，差不多〃和否定词连用用almosteg.almostnobodylatelatelylate迟，晚lately最近近来eg.Ihaven，tseenhimlately.livingalivelivelivelylivingalivelive均为活着的living定表均可alive定表均可，定语后置live只能做定语lively意为活波的eg.allthelivingpeople=allthepeoplealive
45.excitedexcitingexcited使人兴奋的exciting令人兴奋的eg.rmexcited.eg.Thenewsisexciting.
46.deepdeeplydeep具体的深deeply抽象的深，深深地eg.deeplymoveddigdeep
47.aloudloudaloud出声地readaloud（出声地读）loud大声地
48.worthworthy二者均为值得worth后接doingworthy后接tobedoneofbeingdoneeg.Itisworthvisiting.=Itsworthytobevisited.=Itsworthyofbeingvisited.badbadlybad形容词badly副词，不好，但与needwantrequire连用为〃很，非常〃eg.gobadeg.Ineedthebookbadly.beforelonglongbeforebeforelong不久以后longbefore很久以前eg.notlongbefore=beforelongquiteratherquite完全地相当于completelyrather修饰比较级eg.quiteimpossiblehappygladhappy高兴，幸福，定表均可glad高兴，只能做表语
53.insteadinsteadofinstead是副词，放在句首或句末insteadof是介词短语，放在句中eg.Hedidntseeafilm.InsteadhewatchedTV.eg.HewatchedTVinsteadofseeingafilm.toomuchmuchtootoomuch后接不可数名词muchtoo后接形容词beabouttobegoingtobetodobeaboutto表最近的将来，后面不接时间状语begoingto侧重打算，想法betodo侧重意志，计划，安排eg.Tmtomeethim.（含双方事先约好的意思）
56.raiseriseraise及物动词rise不及物动词eg.Thesunrisesintheeast.
57.bringtakecarryfetchbring拿来take带走carry随身携带fetch去回这一往返动作
58.spendtakepaycostspend人做主语花钱，花时间；spend…onsth./indoingsth;take物做主语花时间ittakessbsttodosth.pay人做主语，花钱，payforcost物做主语，花钱
59.joinjoinintakepartinjoin加入某个组织，并成为其中的一员；joinsb.joinin参加小型的活动takepartin参加大型的活动eg.Hejoinedthearmyfiveyearsago.
60.learnstudylearn学习，侧重学习的结果study学习，侧重学习的过程，研究studytheproblem
61.wanthopewishwant打算，想要，wanttodowantsb.todohope希望（通常可以实现），hopetodo/hopethat…wish希望（通常不能实现）wish（sb.）todowishsb/sth.+n.eg.Iwishyousuccess.
62.discoverinventfindoutdiscover发现本来存在但不为人所知的东西invent发明本来不存在的物体findout发现，查明eg.Atlasthefoundoutthetruth.answerreplyanswer及物动词reply不及物动词，后接toeg.replytotheletterleaveleaveforleave离开，leavefor前往eg.HeleftBeijingforShanghai.robstealrob抢劫robsb.ofsth.steal偷stealsth.fromsb.shootshootatshoot射死shootat瞄准但不一定射中eg.Heshotthebirdanditdied.dropfalldrop及物不及物均可fall不及物动词eg.Pricesfell/dropped.eg.Hedroppedhisvoice.searchsearchforsearch后接地点searchfor后接东西eg.Hesearchedhispocketformoney.usedtobeusedtousedto过去常常beusedto习惯于后接sth./doingsth.；被用来后接dosth.eg.Heisusedtogettingupearly.winlosebeatwin后接sth.反义词为losebeat后接sb.eg.winthegamebeatthemliveonlivebyliveon以…为主食liveby靠…谋生eg.liveonfish/livebyfishingbeathitstrikebeat连续性地击打hit打中，对准打strike打一下或若干下eg.beatthewingsmeetmeetwithmeet遇到，meetwith体验到，遭遇到eg.meetwithanaccident
74.losemisslose失去（具体的物体＞错过sth.islostlosethechancemiss想念，错过sth.ismissingeg.missthechance
75.betiredofbetiredwith/frombetiredof厌烦…betiredwith/from因为，••而累了eg.betiredwith/fromrunning800meters
76.careaboutcareforcareabout关心，计较，在乎，一般多用于否定句中carefor关心照料，喜欢，愿意eg.Hedoesntcareabouthisclothes.eg.Idon，tcareformovies.
77.catchacoldhaveacoldcatchacold不能和表示〃一段时间〃的状语连用，而haveacold可以eg.Shehashadacoldforaweek.changeforchangeintochangefor调换成changeinto变成eg.Changetheshirtforabiggerone.eg.Waterchangesintoice.continuelast二者均为持续continue主动，被动均可last只能用主动eg.Thewarcontinued/lastedfiveyears.eg.Thestoryistobecontinued.feedraisefeed喂养，养活，饲养（togivefoodto）raise饲养，养育（causetogrowbringupchildren）eg.raisethefamilygoforadoctorgotoadoctorgoforadoctor去请医生gotoadoctor去看病noticeobservecatchsightofnotice注意到observe观察，仔细地看catchsightof突然看到
83.insistonsticktoinsiston坚持要求后常接doingstickto坚持，后常接sth.eg.sticktotheplan
84.lookseemappearlook指从外表上看looklikehisfatherseem指内心的判断appear指给人以表面的印象appearwise
85.gathercollectgather把分散的东西集中到一起collect指精心地、有选择地进行收集collectstampsmeantodomeandoingmeantodo打算，想要做某事meandoing意思是，意味着eg.BythisImeangivingthestudentsmorepractice.diefromdieofdiefrom表示死于（枪）伤，虚弱，过度劳累饮食过度等dieof表示死于疾病，饥饿，寒冷，年老，忧愁，失恋等精神因素eg.dieofhungerandcold
88.payforpaybackpayoffpayfor为…付钱payback还钱，但不一定还清payoff还清eg.payforthebookpayoffthedebt
89.divideseparatedivide把一个整体分成几部分（into搭配）separate把连在一起的个体分开（from搭配）eg.dividetheappleseparatethehouses
90.arrivegetreacharrive不及物动词，后接in（大地点），at（小地点）get不及物动词后接toreach及物动词eg.arriveinBeijinggettoBeijingreachBeijing
91.growplantgrow使某种植物在某地生长着或使其发展下去plant移植，移栽已经长成秧苗的植物eg.plantthetreestreesaregrowing
92.managetrymanagetodo设法做成了某事trytodo尽力去做某事但不一定成功eg.Hetriedtopasstheexambuthefailed.
93.chooseselectchoose凭个人的判断力进行选择select有目的地仔细认真地选择eg.choosethebestanswer
94.buildputupsetupfoundbuild一般用语，建成putup临时搭建setup建成内部的设施基本齐全found国家或组织的建成eg.putupatentsetupaschool
95.befamiliartobefamiliarwithbefamiliarto某物对某人来说是熟悉的befamiliarwith某人熟悉某物eg.Thebookisfamiliartome.eg.rmfamiliarwiththebook.
96.agreewithagreetoagreeonagreewith同意某人agreeto同意某事agreeon在…上达成一致意见，主语是复数eg.agreewithyouagreetotheplan
97.throwtothrowatthrowto扔到…throwat朝…扔eg.Hethrowastoneatme.
98.receiveacceptreceive收到某一东西，但不一定接受accept接受eg.IreceivedagiftbutIdidntacceptit.
99.wearputondresswear和dress表状态wear接衣服等可用进行时dress接人bedressedinputon表动作eg.It，scoldoutside.Putonyourwarmclothes.
100.listenhearlisten强调动作hear强调结果eg.IlistenedbutIheardnothing.lookseewatchlook看的动作see看的结果watch强调所看物体的变化、移动和发展lielaylie躺位于laylainlie说谎liedliedlay平放摆放laidlaid
103.workasactasworkas工作是…actas充当某种职务或身份，或扮演某种角色eg.Heworksasateacher.eg.Heactsasaninterpreter.
104.moveremovemove动一动，但不一定移走remove从一处移到另一处eg.removethetabletothekitchen
105.hurtinjurewoundhurt感情上受伤injure事故中受伤wound战争中受伤eg.Hewaswoundedinthewar.turngetgrowturn表突变，后常接表颜色的词get强调变的结果grow强调过程，逐渐的变化eg.turnyellowgettiredgrowbigcloseshutturnoffclose和shut当关解时可以通用，用于可开合的物体turnoff用于指有开关的物体eg.Close/Shutthedoor.eg.TurnofftheTV.setoutsetaboutsetoff指出发，着手解时，setout后接todosetabout后接doingsetoff后接forsp.
109.beginstartbegin侧重时间的开始，反义词为endstart侧重由静到动的转折，反义词为stopeg.Classbeginsat7:30a.m.
110.happentakeplacehappen偶然性的没有预料到的事情的发生takeplace必然性的发生eg.Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometown.
111.atin（表地点）at小地点，in大地点eg.arriveatasmallvillagearriveinShanghai
112.atworkinworkatwork在工作，在上班inwork有职业，有工作eg.Bothmyparentsareatwork.Theyarenotathome.
113.increasetoincreasebyincreaseto增长到…increaseby增长了・・・eg.Thenumberincreasedby2000to
5000.
114.ateasewitheaseatease舒适地，安逸地withease容易地，无困难地doitwithease
115.dayafterdaydaybydaydayafterday日复一日（无变化）daybyday一天天地（有变化）eg.Treesgrowtallerdaybyday.
116.likeaslike相似关系，但并不等同as同一关系，两者实为一体eg.Don，ttreatmeasachild.（InfactImachild.）
117.afterin（表时间）after接时间点，in接时间段eg.after7:00infiveminutes
118.betweenamongbetween两者之间，三者或三者以上两两之间among三者或三者以上之间eg.SwitzerlandliesbetweenFranceGermanyAustraliaandItaly.
119.afterbehind（表位置）after强调次序的先后behind强调物体静态位置的前后eg.Therearemanytreesbehindthehouse.
120.sincefor（完成时间状语）since接时间点；接时间段+ago；接句子（一般过去时）Ithasbeen+时间段+since+句子Itis+时间段+since+句子for接一段时间
121.onthecornerinthecorneratthecorneronthecorner物体表面的角上inthecorner物体内部的角落里atthecorner物体外部的角落上（拐角处）
122.warnsb.ofwarnsb.againstwarnsb.of提醒某人注意某事warnsb.against提醒某人不要做某事=warnsb.nottodosth.eg.warnhimagainstswimminginthatpartoftheriver
123.atpeaceinpeaceatpeace平静地inpeace和平地eg.liveinpeacewithone，sneighbors
124.onearthontheearthintheearthonearth在世上，在人间，到底，究竟，一点也不ontheearth在地上，在地球上intheearth在地下，在泥土里
125.insurprisetoone，ssurprisebysurpriseinsurprise惊奇地toone，ssurprise使某人吃惊的是bysurprise使・••惊慌eg.Thequestiontooktheprofessorbysurprise.
126.intheairontheairintheskyintheair正在酝酿中ontheair播送，广播inthesky在天空中eg.Uisshowisontheairat6:00tonight.
127.inthefieldonthefieldinthefield在野外onthefield在战场上eg.Helosthislifeonthefield.
128.inthemarketonthemarketinthemarket表示场所或地点，在市场上onthemarket出售eg.Hesellsfishinthemarket.Freshvegetablesareonthemarketnow.
129.inthesununderthesuninthesun在阳光下underthesun地球上，全世界peopleunderthesun
130.inavoicewithonevoiceinavoice出声地withonevoice异口同声地eg.Theyrefusedwithonevoice.
131.throughacrossthrough穿越空间throughtheforest/crowd/tunnel/city/windowacross在・••上穿过swimacrosstheriver
132.onthewayinthewayontheway在前往…的路上intheway挡路eg.Thechairisintheway.aboveonoverabove在上面，不接触on在上面，接触over在正上方flyoverthehilluntilnot…untiluntil到…为止not…until直到…才（常跟点动词连用）eg.Iwaiteduntil3:
00.eg.Hedidn，tcomeuntil3:
00.besidesexceptexceptforbesides除了…还（包括在内）=inadditiontoexcept除了（不包括在内）exceptfor整体…除了某一点以外eg.Thecompositionisgoodexceptforafewspellingmistakes.whetherif当是否解时，只有在宾语从句中二者可以互换，其余都用whether当如果解时用if（主将从现；whether+ornot/todo介词后+whether）eg.Idon，tknowif/whetherhewillcome.Ifhecomesr11letyouknow.andorand并且，or或者，否则，常用于否定句中Idontlikeapplesorbananas.eg.Hurryupandyou，11catchthebus.Hurryuporyou11missthebus.becausesinceasfor原因由强到弱为becausesince/asfor在句中的位置如下••because***Since/as***…SinceIwasillIdidn，tgo.…，for…
139.whenaswhile（表时间）when从句动词点动词，持续性动词均可as重在表示动作同时发生，伴随进行while从句动词为持续性动词eg.WhileIsleptathiefbrokein.thesame***asthesame***thatthesame…as和…一样的（相似但不同一）thesame…that同一物体eg.ThisisthesamepenthatIusedyesterday.（同一支笔）aswellaswellasaswell也，常放于句末，和and连用表示既…又aswellas并列连词不但…而且…eg.Heisaprofessorandawriteraswell.
142.such・・・assuch・・・thatsuch…as像…样的such…that如此…以至于eg.Heisnotsuchafoolashelookslike.eg.Heissuchagoodstudentthatalltheteacherslikehim.
143.becausebecauseofbecause连词连接两句话becauseof介词短语，后接词或短语eg.Hedidn，tgotoschoolbecauseofhisillness.
144.inorderthatinorderto表目的inorderthat后接句子inorderto后接动词原形eg.Igotupearlyinordertocatchthefirstbus.eg.IgotupearlysothatIcouldcatchthefirstbus.
145.forexamplesuchasforexample一般只列举一个suchas列举多个例子eg.IhavebeentoalotofAmericancitiessuchasNewYorkAtlantaandChicago.
146.usedtowould表过去常常和现在相对应用usedto不提现在用wouldeg.IusedtogetupearlybutnowIdon，t.
147.Allright.Thatsallright.That，sright.Allright.Thatsallright.当好吧解时可以替换当不客气，没关系解时只能用Thatsallright.Thatsright.那是对的eg.Sorry.Thatsallright.
148.such・・・thatso***that当如此…以至于解时，such…that修饰名词so…that修饰形容词或副词但名词前面如果有manymuchlittlefew修饰用so・・・that不用suchthateg.somanypeoplethat…suchalovelyboy=solovelyaboy
149.so+behavecando+主语，neithernor+behavecando+主语也一样肯定用so---否定用neithernoreg.1cantplaytennis.NorcanI.
150.ShallI…Willyou-ShallI-征求对方意见或向对方请示，意为我能…吗？Willyou…请求或建议对方做某事意为你愿意…吗？eg.WillyouhelpmeYesIwill.。
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