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Unit4SpaceExploration单元检测第一部分阅读理解(共两节,满分35分,第一节(共10小题;每小题
2.5分,满分25分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项AAstronomyistheoldestscienceknowntoman.Thousandsofyearsagomanlookedatthestarsandwonderedabouttheheavens.Butmanwaslimitedbywhathecouldseewithhiseyesalone.TheGreeksstudiedastronomyover2000yearsago.Theycouldseethesizecolourandbrightnessofastar.Theycouldseeitsplaceinthesky.Theywatchedthestarsmoveastheseasonschanged.ButtheGreekshadnotoolstohelpthemselvesstudytheheavens.Eachnewtooladdedtothefieldofastronomyhelpedmanreachoutintospace.TheydidnotknowthattheplanetcalledSaturn(土星)hadringsaroundit.Theirsightwassolimitedthattheycouldnotseealltheplanets.Intheearly1700speoplethoughttherewereonlysixplanets.Neptune(海王星)thelastofeightplanetstobediscoveredwasnotseenuntil
1846.Beforethespectroscope(分光镜),mandidnotknowwhatkindofgaseswasinthesunorotherstars.Withouttheradiotelescopewedidntknowthatradionoisescamefromfaroutinspace.Todayastronomyisagrowingscience.Wehadlearnedmoreinthelastfiftyyearsthaninthewholehistoryofastronomy.WhentheGreekswatchedthestarstheycould.A.knowwhatthestarsweremadeofB.notseetheirplacesintheskyC.helpthemselvesstudytheheavensD.watchthestarsmoveastheseasonschangedUntilthereweremanknewverylittleaboutthemoon.A.telescopesB.spectroscopesC.radiotelescopesD.spaceshipsWhichofthefollowingsentencesisNOTtrueAstronomyistheoldestsciencethathumanshaveknown.Astronomyisdevelopingfastwiththehelpoftechnology.Intheearly1700speopledidntknowtheexistenceofNeptune.Over2000yearsagotheGreeksknewtheplanetSaturnhadringsaroundit.Ofalltheplanetsnonehascaptured(占据)theworldsimaginationlikeMars.Itsreddishcolourandchangesinbrightnessovertimemaketheplanetanunforgettablesight.InCosmosthetelevisionscienceseriesfromthe1980sscientistCarlSagantalkedaboutsometraditionalideasaboutMars.SomeoftheseideasarefromtheEnglishsciencefictionwriterH.G.WellsTheWaroftheWorlds.OthersarefromthemistakenscienceofPercivalLowelltheAmericanastronomerwhobelievedintelligentbeingslivedonMars.WellsdescribedMartiansasthreatening.Lowellimaginedthemasthehopefulengineersofgreatworks.CarlSagansaidthatbothideasinfluencedthepublicdeeply.TodayMarscontinuestoexcitehumans-notastheobjectofsciencefictionbutofscientificstudy.SpacescientistshavecollectedawealthofinformationfromspacecraftsthathaveorbitedlandedonanddugintotheMartiansurface.TheSmithsoniansMarsDay1offeredachanceforpeopleofallagestotouchMarsoratleastapieceofit.AllisonandAlyciafromSilverSpringMarylandbroughttheirchildrenGraceSamRyanandEmma.TheyheardaboutMarsanditsgeologyfromexperts.TheycouldseeatestversionoftheVikinglandersthatreachedMarsinJulyof
1976.Theyalsosawmeteorites(陨星)knowntohavecomefromtheredorreddishplanet.Eight-year-oldSamlearnedthattheancientdescriptionofMarsasredisnotexactlyright.HesaidItsactuallyorangishmorethanredanditsalsokindofbrowntoo.Emmaissix.ShelearnedaboutthevolcanicactivitythathasshapedthesurfaceofMars.ShesaidnTheclosestthingtoMars-thestuff-isfromvolcanoesmostly.1MarsDay*offeredAllisonandAlyciaschildrenachancetolearnmoreaboutaworldthattheyareverylikelytosetfootonwithintheirlifetimes.ItisimpliedinParagraph3thatA.todaysspacescientistsstillknownothingaboutMarsB.todaysspacescientistsareveryinterestedinMarsC.sciencefictionfilmsarenolongersetinMarsD.spacescientistshaventmadeanyprogressinknowingMarsSamwouldprobablyagreethat.A.MarsisnotreallyredB.nometeoriteshavecomefromMarsCMarscannotbedescribedasalittlebrownD.theancientdescriptionofMars*colouristrueWhatisthewritersattitudetowardstheideathathumanswillsetfootonMarsA.Hethinksitmayhappenthisyear.B.Hethinksitwillalwaysremainadream.C.Hethinksitwillcometruewithinhundredsofyears.D.Hethinksitmayhappeninthefollowingdecades.(2019•金华卷)Bacteriaareanannoyingproblemforastronauts.Themicroorganisms(微生物)fromourbodiesgrowuncontrollablyonsurfacesoftheInternationalSpaceStationsoastronautsspendhourscleaningthemupeachweek.HowisNASAovercomingthisverytinybigproblemItsturningtoabunchofhighschoolkids.Butnotjustanykids.ItisdependingonNASAHUNCHhighschoolclassroomsliketheonescienceteachersGeneGordonandDonnaHimmelbergleadatFairportHighSchoolinFairportNewYork.HUNCHisdesignedtoconnecthighschoolclassroomswithNASAengineers.ForthepasttwoyearsGordonsstudentshavebeenstudyingwaystokillbacteriainzerogravityandtheythinktheyreclosetoasolution(角星决方案).“Wedontgivethestudentsanybreaks.TheyhavetodoitjustlikeNASAengineersnsaysFlorenceGoldaprojectmanager.“TherearenotestsnGordonsays.Thereisnogradedhomework.TherealmostarenogradesotherthanAreyouworkingtowardsyourgoalBasicallyitsTvegottoproducethisproductandthenattheendoftheyearpresentittoNASA.Engineerscomeandreallydoaninpersonreviewand...itsnotaverynicethingattimes.It*sahardbusinessreviewofyourproduct.GordonsaystheHUNCHprogramhasanimpact(景乡响)oncollegeadmissionsandpracticallifeskills.nThesekidsaresoabsorbedintheirstudiesthatIjustsitback.Idontteach.nAndthatannoyingbacteriaGordonsayshisstudentsareemailingdailywithNASAengineersabouttheproblemreadyingaworkablesolutiontotestinspace.WhatdoweknowaboutthebacteriaintheInternationalSpaceStationA.Theyarehardtogetridof.B.Theyleadtoairpollution.C.Theyappearindifferentforms.D.Theydamagetheinstruments.WhatisthepurposeoftheHUNCHprogramA.Tostrengthenteacher-studentrelationships.B.Tosharpenstudentscommunicationskills.C.Toallowstudentstoexperiencezerogravity.D.Tolinkspacetechnologywithschooleducation.WhatdotheNASAengineersdoforthestudentsintheprogramA.Checktheirproduct.B.Guideprojectdesigns.C.Adjustworkschedules.D.Gradetheirhomework.WhatisthebesttitleforthetextA.NASA:TheHomeofAstronautsB.Space:TheFinalHomeworkFrontierC.Nature:AnOutdoorClassroomD.HUNCH:ACollegeAdmissionReform第二节(共5小题每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白的最佳选项选项中有两项为多余选项Recycling:BeyondtheDustbinRecyclingisveryimportantandnecessaryintodaysworld.Themostimportantreasonforthisisthathumanprogressandindustryhavemadeitpossibleforpeopletohavelotsofthingsandwhenpeoplehavemanymaterialpossessionstheyareboundtothrowsomeofthemaway.
11.Recyclingisawayforustokeeptheworldcleanasitemsarebrokendownandusedagainpreventingthelitteringoftheenvironment.Insteadofthrowingallyourgarbageintothedustbinyoushouldseparatepapermetalglassandplasticintodifferentcontainers.
12.Theycanbeturnedintovaluablecompostwhichistheperfectplantfoodandsoildiseasefighter.
13.Youcanseeifanitemhasbeenmadefromrecycledmaterialsbyitslabel.Ifitsbeenrecycleditwillsayso.Alsoinsteadofalwaysbuyingnewclothesyoucanarrangetohaveaclothingexchangewithyourfriends.Youbringclothesyoudon*twantandpickitemsyouwantfromwhatotherpeoplehavebrought.Notonlydoesthissavetheenvironmentbutitalsosavesyourmoney.
14.Thissayingcanbeappliedtoallsortsofthings:booksCDsfurnitureetc.Alsotryshoppingatsecond-handstoresbecausetheyoftenhavelotsofitemsstillingoodshapeforyoutochoose.Manycountrieshavemadeiteasyforpeopletorecycleasalongsidethenormalgarbagetrucksspecialgarbagetruckscomeandpickuprecyclables.Howeverinsomecountriestheresponsibilityisleftuptotheordinarypeopletorecycle.
15.Recyclingrepresentsjustonewayinwhichwecanhelptheenvironment.Butitisaneffectiveoneandonethatwecanactivelyinfluence.Fallenleavescanalsoberecycled.Havingtoomanythingscausesalotofgarbage.Youshouldtrytobuyproductsthathavebeenrecycled.ProductsmadewithrecycledmaterialsareasgoodasnewThiscreatesalotofgarbagewhichinturndestroystheenvironment.Rememberwhatisonepersonsunwantedobjectcanbesomeoneelsestreasure!Thereforeitneedsattentioninsocietysowecancontinuetomakeourenvironmentlivable.第二部分语言运用(共两节,满分45分)第一书(共20个小题;每小题第分满分30分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Thosewhobelievethattheywillneverdowellinaparticularareaprobablyneverwill.Thosewhobelievetheyarenotgoodat16willforeverfeelunprepared.Butthosewhobelievethatitis17tosucceedatwhattheyattemptcansurprisethemselves.Adamwasreadyto
18.HiswifeAnnahoweverwas19enthusiastic.AssheexplainedtoafriendnAdamhas20doneanythingthatrequiredphysicalstrength.Whenheretireshewillsitinhiseasychairand21metobringhimhisfood.”ButtoAnnas22soonafterherhusbandretiredhe23ahealthclub.Arrivinghomefromexerciseclassonenightheannounced“I24forthewrestlingtournament.Iamgoingto25onFridaynight.Annawasshocked.HPleasedontdoitAdam.Yourenotin26Youwillbesobeatupthattheywillhavetocarryyouhome!”27hecouldntbepersuadedandshetoldhimthatifhereallywantedtodoitshewasnotgoingtowatch.28toherwordshestayedawayasAdamwrestled.Andjustasshe29twomencarriedAdamhome.He30downonthebedeverymusclepainedandwounded.31shecouldspeakhecriedoutDontsayan32Anna!Thisisnottheworstofit.I33tonightIhavetowrestleagaintomorrownight!1Nothing34inyourlifeuntilyoubelieveyoucandothingsthatareimportanttoyou.And第二节共10小题;每小题
1.5分,满分15分阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式2020•全国卷IChinahasbecomethefirstcountrytolandaspacecraftonthefarsideofthemoon.TheunmannedChange-4probe探测器一thenamewasinspiredbyanancientChinesemoongoddess-
36.touchdownlastweekintheSouthPole-Aitkenbasin.Landingonthemoonsfarsideis
37.extremechallenging.BecausethemoonsbodyblocksdirectradiocommunicationwithaprobeChinafirsthadtoputasatelliteinorbitabovethemooninaspot
38.itcouldsendsignalstothespacecraftandtoEarth.Thefarsideofthemoonisofparticular
39.interestingtoscientistsbecauseithasalotofdeepcraters环形山moreso
40.thefamiliarnearside.ChineseresearchershopetousetheinstrumentsonboardChange-
441.findandstudyareasoftheSouthPole-Aitkenbasin.nThisreallyexcitesscientists/1CarlePietersascientistatBrownUniversitysays/becauseit
42.meanwehavethechancetoobtaininformationabouthowthemoon
43.construct.nDataaboutthemoonscompositionsuchashow
44.iceandothertreasuresitcontainscouldhelpChinadecidewhether
45.itplansforafuturelunar月球的basearepractical.第三部分写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节应用文写作(满分15分)某中学生英语报正在举办题为“MyDrcamofTravellinginSpace”的征文活动请你用英语写一篇短文投稿要点如下.梦想去的星球;.想去梦想星球的理由注意词数100左右第二节读后续写(满分25分)阅读下面短文,根据所给情节进行续写,使之构成一个完整的故事ItwasanArtlesson.Rachelsatatthedeskwatchingherclassmatesbusypreparingthewaterjarsandpaints.SheunderstoodwhyMrsWestonaskedhertositdownandgotLisatofetcheverythingforher.ItwasalwaysadisasterwhenRacheltriedtodoArt!Rachelsi-hedandreachedouttodipherbrushinsomeblackpaintand—ohno!Sheknockedoverthejar.Thewaterspreadacrossthedeskanddrownedthepaper.LisacalledMrsWestontoseewhatRachelhaddone.Rachelwentredintheface.Shejumpedtoherfeettogetacloth.Herchairfelloverbackwards.SheturnedroundandherpaintbrushcaughtLisaacrossthefacegivingherablackmoustache.Lisawassosurprisedthatshefellbackagainstawirebookstand.Itcamecrashingdownandthebookswentalloverthefloor.Howclumsy(笨拙的)!Rachelthoughtasshewenthomeonthebus.Thebusstoppedoutsideherhouse.Shejumpedupandherelbow(月寸音B)knockedawomanshatrightoverhereyes.Ohno!Rachelsaidsorrygotoffandranindoors.Mumwasn*tinthekitchenbutlayinbedasshecaughtanawfulcold.RachelofferedtomakeacupofteabutMumwouldratherwaitforDad.Rachelsighed.SheunderstoodMumwasafraidshewouldspill(溅出)itButwouldyougotoMr.Willowforsomecoldmedicine1askedMum.Rachelturnedtothedooratonce.ButRachelMrsWillowshouseisfullofbeautifulthingssoifsheasksyoutocomeinyoudbettersayno.Rachelsighedandranout.MrsWillowwasanoldladywithwhitehairandsharpblueeyeslivinginanoldhouse.Sheopenedthedoorandinvitedherin.Rachelsaidwhyshecameandthatshepreferredtowaitoutsiderememberinghermotherswarning.MrsWillowinsistedRachelcomeinside.Racheltookadeepbreathandsteppedin.ShelookedroundMrsWillowssittingroomandsawatoncewhyMumhadbeenworried.注意
1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右;.应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语.续写部分分为两段,每段的开头语己为你写好,.续写完成后,请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语Paragraph1:Therewerebeautifulthingseverywhereprettyvasesandpots.Paragraph2:WithasmileMrsWillowcomfortedhersayingithadbeenbrokenbefore.。