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常考初三的英语语法知识点初三的英语学习是单词和语法的综合你必须要把单词和语法一起拿下,考试的时候才能获得一个好分数下面小编为大家带来常考初三的英语语法知识点,希望大家喜欢!初三英语语法知识点被动语态的动词主动语态比被动语态直接而有力,多用主动语态,可以使文章充满朝气呈现活力在下列两组句子中b比a有力a.MyfirstvisittoNewZealandwillalwaysberememberedbyme.b.IwillalwaysremembermyfirstvisittoNewZealand.a.Thecrowingofcockscouldbeheardatdawn.b.Thecockscrowcamewithdawn.虽然如此,在某些情况下,非用被动语态不可前此已提过这事,这里不再重述这里只有指出其中一点,就是有些动词,如basescheduleexpectsuppose”等,通常以被动语态形式出现例如1Thissurveywasbasedonfacts.2Thelasttrainisscheduledtoleaveat9pm.3Youareexpectedtocomeontime.Allaresupposedtoworkhard.除了上述这些动词之外,还有十种,几乎都以被动式出现一有关“疾病”的动词,如⑴Helensleftlungisinfected.2Heisconfinedtothehousebyillness.3Theoldmanwasseizedwithsuddenchestpains.二有关“疲乏”的动词,如Iamcompletelyexhaustedafterthegame.5Tomwasdoneupaftertherace.三有关“喜乐”的动词,如6Thechildrenwerefascinatedbythetoys.7Weweredelightedtohearthegoodnews.81amverypleasedtoseeyouhere.四有关“延迟”或“障碍”的动词,如9Theworkerswereheldupbytheheavyrain.10Theroadwasblockedbyice.11Thetrainwasdelayedby30minutes.五有关“惯性动作”的动词,如12Tomisaddictedtosmoking.13Foreignworkersarequiteusedtohardwork.六有关“烦恼”或“焦急”的动词,如14WhowasupsetbyJohnMotherwasannoyedtoknowthis.七有关“惊奇”或“震惊”的动词如Iwassurprisedtoseehimhere.17Allwereshockedtohearthebadnews.八有关“包围”的动词如18Thetroopsweresurrounded.19Troywasbesieged.
(九)有关“沾污”或“污化”的动词,如:20Judysreputationistarnished.21Thewaterwascontaminatedwithoil.十有关“害怕”或“混乱”的动词,如22Allwerefrightenedoutoftheirwits.23Hewaspuzzledaboutwhattodonext.要注意的一点是,上面这十类动词有些已渐渐失去了动词力量,转化为惯用语初三英语常考的语法知识点所谓垂悬结构TheDanglingConstruction就是一个句子成分,如分词短造,不定式动词短语等,找不到被修饰的主语或被修饰的对象不合逻辑垂悬结构是种错误的句法,应该避免下面是三种常见的垂悬结构及其改正方延.垂悬分词或分词短语,如
①Climbingupthehillseveralboarswereseen.这句子里的现在分词短语presentparticipialphrase修饰主语useveralboarsv是错的;改正方法有二a确定是逻辑主语,使句子变成“Climbingupthehilltheexplorerssawseveralboars.”b把现在分词短语扩大为副词分句也称状语从句“Whentheexplorersclimbedupthehilltheysawseveralboars/severalboarswereseen.”.垂悬副词短语,如
②Afterputtingashrimponthehookthefishbegantobite.这句的副词短语adverbphrase和主语“thefish”有什么逻辑关系呢?真正的逻辑主语应该是“thefisherman或“theangler才对改正方法和例
①同Afterputtingashrimponthehookthefishermanfoundthatthefishbegantobite.Afterthefishermanhadputashrimponthehookthefishbegantobite..垂悬不定式动词短语,如
③Towritewellalotofpracticeisneeded.Tobealoyalemployeeasenseofbelongingisamust.这两个句子的不定式动词短语infinitivephrases并不能修饰“practice”和“asenseofbelonging”真正的主语必须是“人”如Towritewelloneneedsalotofpractice/apersonhastopractisealot.Tobealoyalemployeeheorshemusthaveasenseofbelonging.上述三类垂悬结构中,第一类发生的频率最高,必须注意但是在下列三种情况下,分词短语是对的,它们并非垂悬结构第一,独立结构TheAbsoluteConstruction见3月7日《中英合谈》中的分词短语有自己的主语,所以不是垂悬结构例如Suchbeingthecasewecangohomenow./itisnotwrongtocallitaday.第二,当分词含有介词或连词性质时,它不需要逻辑主语,所以没有垂悬问题存在例如:Owingtoalackoffundstheprojecthastobediscontinued.Providedthatthereissufficienttimeeveryonecandothejobbetter.第三,当分词短语是用来表示说话者的态度或意见时,也不需要逻辑主语,因此也不存在着垂悬问题例如Judgingfromhisfaciallookthenewsmusthavebeenterrible.Takenasawholethereisnothingwrongwiththelogicbehindthatidea.初三英语语法知识点总结归纳下面这则广告中的形容词uirresistable里的后缀suffix不对,应该把“-able”改为“-ible”“Weoffer:competitivemonthlysalaryweeklyincentivesattractivetransportallowanceincentivetripsandirresistableperformancebonus.”到底是“-able”还是“-ible”?这两者有何不同?现在先从形容词的其他后缀谈起形容词后缀分两大类一类是加到名词上的;另一类是加到动词上的㈠加到名词上的主要有
①-y如bloodydirtyhealthyjuicymuddy;
②ly如costlyfriendlylovelyorderlytimely;3一ful如carefulfaithfulhelpfulpeacefuluseful;4-less如carelessharmlessnoiselesssenselessuseless;5-ous/-ious如dangerous;courageousenviousmysterious;@-al/-tal/-ial/-tial如accidentalhorizontalcolonialinfluential;0-ic/-etic/-atic如artisticsympatheticsystematic;§一ish如childishfoolishselfish;9-like如life-likebusiness-likewar-like;W-ed/-en如skilledhornedgoldenwooden.㈡加到动词上的有
①-ent/-ant如dependentdifferentobservantpleasant;2-able/~ible如agreeablecomfortabledefensiblesensible;3-ive/-tive/-ative/-itive如activeattentiveimaginativesensitive;4-ed/-en如advancednotedstolenswollen;5-ing如annoyingdisgustingentertaining.-able/ible出现在第二类后缀中,-able”后缀的形容词属英语体系的字-ible”后缀的形容词则来自拉丁体系前者数量大,后者数量少,主要的是下面这些,可以特别留意accessibleapprehensibleaudiblecompatiblecontemptibleconvertiblecorrigibledestructibledigestibledivisibledefensibleedibleeligibleexhaustiblefalliblefeasibleflexibleforciblehorribleillegibleintelligiblenegligibleperceptiblepossibleresponsibleresistiblesensiblesuspectibletangibleterriblevisible.现在顺便把名词、动词和副词主要后缀提出,作为参考⑴名词后缀-ment-t-ture-ion/-ition-al-ance-ent-er-ant等这些名词后缀都要加到适当的动词上,如arrangementrestraintfixturecelebrationextensioncompetitionrenewalassistanceresidentexporterattendant.-ness-y/-ty/-ity-th-ce/-cy等,可以加到适当的形容词上如darknesskindnesshonestyloyaltysimplicitytruthwarmthimportanceabsenceungencyefficiency.⑵动词后缀加到名词上的有一en-ise/-ize-fy-ate如frightenapologisebeautifymotivate.力口至U形容词上的有-ise/-ize一en如moderniserealisebrightenweaken.⑶副词后缀-ly可以加到形容词和某些名词上,如beautifullyclearlyleisurelyweekly.每个后缀都有一定的意思,但不能脱离词根独立生存,这点要特别注意,以免犯错⑴名词后缀。