还剩32页未读,继续阅读
本资源只提供10页预览,全部文档请下载后查看!喜欢就下载吧,查找使用更方便
文本内容:
2023年6月高校英语六级真题Writing30minutesDirections:Forthispartyouareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledTheCertificateCraze.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow..现在很多人热衷于各类证书考试.其目的各不相同.在我看来……TheCertificateCraze留意此部分试题在答题卡1上ReadingComprehensionSkimmingandScanning15minutesDirections:Inthispartyouwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet
1.Forquestions1-7choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedABCandD.Forquestions8-10completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.MinorityReportAmericanuniversitiesareacceptingmoreminoritiesthanever.Graduatingthemisanothermatter.BarryMillsthepresidentofBowdoinCollegewasjustifiablyproudofBowdoin^effortstorecruitminoritystudents.Since2023thesmalleliteliberalartsschoolinBrunswickMainehasboostedtheproportionofso-calledunder-representedminoritystudentsinenteringfreshmanclassesfrom8%to13%.ItisourresponsibilitytoreachoutandattractstudentstoSectionBDirections:Inthissectionyouwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassageyouwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.AfteryouhearaquestionyoumustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedABCandD.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.留意此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答PassageOneQuestions26to28arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.ATheythinktravelhasbecomeatrend.Theythinktravelgivesthemtheirmoneysworth.Theyfindmanyofthebanksuntrustworthy.Theylacktheexpertisetomakecapitalinvestments.ALowertheirpricestoattractmorecustomers.Introducetravelpackagesforyoungtravelers.Designprogramstargetedatretiredcouples.Launchanewprogramofadventuretrips.ATheroleoftravelagents.CThenumberoflast-minutebookings.BThewaypeopletravel.DThepricesofpolarexpeditions.PassageTwoQuestions29to31arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.ATheoldstereotypesaboutmenandwomen.Thechangingrolesplayedbymenandwomen.Thedivisionoflaborbetweenmenandwomen.Thewidespreadprejudiceagainstwomen.AOffermorecreativeandpracticalideasthanmen.Askquestionsthatoftenleadtocontroversy.Speakloudlyenoughtoattractattention.Raiseissuesonbehalfofwomen.AToprovethatshecouldearnherlivingasagardener.Toshowthatwomenaremorehardworkingthanmen.Toshowthatwomenarecapableofdoingwhatmendo.Toprovethatshewasreallyirritatedwithherhusband.PassageThreeQuestions32to35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.ACoveringmajoreventsofthedayinthecity.ReportingcriminaloffensesinGreenville.Huntingnewsforthedailyheadlines.Writingarticlesonfamilyviolence.AItisamuchsaferplacethanitusedtobe.Rapesrarelyoccurinthedowntownareas.Assaultsoftenhappenonschoolcampuses.Ithasfewerviolentcrimesthanbigcities.AThereareawiderangeofcases.Theyareverydestructive.Therehasbeenariseinsuchcrimes.Theyhavearousedfearamongtheresidents.AWriteaboutsomethingpleasant.COfferhelptocrimevictims.Dosomeresearchonlocalpolitics.DWorkasanewspapereditor.SectionCDirections:Inthissectionyouwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttimeyoushouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtimeyouarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanksyoucaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthemainpointsinyourownwords.Finallywhenthepassageisreadforthethirdtimeyoushouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.留意此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答InAmericapeoplearefacedwithmoreandmoredecisionseverydaywhetheritspickingoneof31icecream36ordecidingwhetherandwhentogetmarried.Thatsoundslikeagreatthing.Butasarecentstudyhasshowntoomanychoicescanmakeus37unhappy-evenparalyzedwithindecision.That*s38truewhenitcomestotheworkplacesaysBarrySchwartzanauthorofsixbooksabouthuman
39.Studentsaregraduatingwitha40ofskillsandinterestsbutoftenfindthemselves41whenitcomestochoosinganultimatecareergoal.InastudySchwartzobserveddecision-makingamongcollegestudentsduringtheir42year.Basedonanswerstoquestionsregardingtheirjob-hunting43andcareerdecisionshedividedthestudentsintotwogroups:maximizers*whoconsidereverypossibleoptionandsatisficerswholookuntiltheyfindanoptionthatisgoodenough.Youmightexpectthatthestudents
44.Butitturnsoutthat*snottrue.Schwartzfoundthatwhilemaximizersendedupwithbetterpayingjobsthansatisficersonaveragetheywerentashappywiththeirdecision.Thereason
45.Whenyoulookateverypossibleoptionyoutendtofocusmoreonwhatwasgivenupthanwhatwasgained.Aftersurveyingeveryoption46PartIVReadingComprehensionReadinginDepth25minutesSectionADirections:Inthissectionthereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.PleasewriteyouranswersonAnswerSheet
2.Questions47to51arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Howgoodareyouatsaying“no”?Formanyit*ssurprisinglydifficult.Thisisespeciallytrueofeditorswhobynaturetendtobeeagerandengagedparticipantsineverythingtheydo.Considerthesescenarios:Itslateintheday.Thatfront-pagepackageyouvebeenworkingonisnearlycomplete;onelasteditanditsfinished.Entertheexecutiveeditorwhomakesasuggestionrequiringamore-than-modestrearrangementofthedesignandtheadditionofaninformationbox.Youwanttoscream:No!It*sdone!*WhatdoyoudoThefirstruleofsayingnotothebossisdontsayno.Sheprobablyhassomethinginmindwhenshemakessuggestionsandit*suptoyoutofindoutwhat.Thesecondruleisdontraisethestakesbychallengingherauthority.Thatissueisalreadydecided.Thethirdruleistobereadytociteoptionsandconsequences.Thebossssuggestionsmightbeappropriatebuttherearealwaysconsequences.Shemightnotknowaboutthepagesbackingupthatneedattentionoraboutthedesignerwhohadtogohomesick.Tellhershecanhavewhatshewantsbutexplaintheconsequences.Understandwhatshe*stryingtoaccomplishandproposeaPlanBthatwillmakeithappenwithoutdestroyingwhatyouvedonesofar.Heresanothercase.Yourleast-favoritereportersuggestsadumbstoryidea.Thisoneshouldbeeasybutitsnot.Ifyousaynoevenpolitelyyouriskinhibitingfurtherideasnotjustfromthatreporterbutfromotherswhoheardthatyouturneddowntheidea.Thisscenarioiscommoninnewsroomsthatlackasystematicwaytofilterstorysuggestions.Twostepsarenecessary.Firstyouneedasystemforhowstoriesareproposedandreviewed.Reporterscantoleraterejectionoftheirideasiftheybelievetheyweregivenafairhearing.Yourgutreaction(本能反应)anddismissiverejectionevenofaworthlessideamightnotqualifyassystematicorfair.SecondthepeopleyouworkwithneedtonegotiateaWhatif…?”agreementcoveringWhatifmyideaisturneddownHowarepeopleexpectedtoreactIsthereanappealprocessCantheyrefinetheideaandresubmititByanticipating“Whatif...situationsbeforetheyhappenyoucanreachunderstandingthatwillhelpeaseyououtofconfrontations.InsteadofdirectlysayingnotoyourbossyoushouldfindoutTheauthorssecondwarningisthatweshouldavoidrunningagreaterriskby.Onewayofrespondingtoyourbossssuggestionistoexplainthetoherandofferanalternativesolution.Toensurefairnesstoreportersitisimportanttosetupasystemforstoriesto.PeoplewholearntoanticipateWhatif...1situationswillbeabletoreachunderstandingandavoid.SectionBDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedAfBCandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions52to56arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Attheheartofthedebateoverillegalimmigrationliesonekeyquestion:areimmigrantsgoodorbadfortheeconomyTheAmericanpublicoverwhelminglythinkstheyrebad.Yettheconsensusamongmosteconomistsisthatimmigrationbothlegalandillegalprovidesasmallnetboosttotheeconomy.Immigrantsprovidecheaplaborlowerthepricesofeverythingfromfarmproducetonewhomesandleaveconsumerswithalittlemoremoneyintheirpockets.SowhyistheresuchadiscrepancybetweentheperceptionofimmigrantsimpactontheeconomyandtherealityThereareanumberoffamiliartheories.Somearguethatpeopleareanxiousandfeelthreatenedbyaninflowofnewworkers.Othershighlightthestrainthatundocumentedimmigrantsplaceonpublicserviceslikeschoolshospitalsandjails.Stillothersemphasizetheroleofracearguingthatforeignersaddtothenationsfearsandinsecurities.Theressometruthtoalltheseexplanationsbuttheyarentquitesufficient.Togetabetterunderstandingofwhatsgoingonconsiderthewayimmigrationsimpactisfelt.Thoughitsoveralleffectmaybepositiveitscostsandbenefitsaredistributedunevenly.DavidCardaneconomistatUCBerkeleynotesthattheoneswhoprofitmostdirectlyfromimmigrants1low-costlaborarebusinessesandemployers-meatpackingplantsinNebraskaforinstanceoragriculturalbusinessesinCalifornia.Grantedtheseproducers*savingsprobablytranslateintolowerpricesatthegrocerystorebuthowmanyconsumersmakethatmentalconnectionatthecheckoutcounterAsforthedrawbacksofillegalimmigrationthesetooareconcentrated.Nativelow-skilledworkerssuffermostfromthecompetitionofforeignlabor.AccordingtoastudybyGeorgeBoijasaHarvardeconomistimmigrationreducedthewagesofAmericanhigh-schooldropoutsby9%between1980-
2000.Amonghigh-skilledbetter-educatedemployeeshoweveroppositionwasstrongestinstateswithbothhighnumbersofimmigrantsandrelativelygeneroussocialservices.Whatworriedthemmostinotherwordswasthefiscal(财政的)burdenofimmigration.Thatconclusionwasreinforcedbyanotherfinding:thattheiroppositionappearedtosoftenwhenthatfiscalburdendecreasedasoccurredwithwelfarereforminthe1990swhichcurbedimmigrantsaccesstocertainbenefits.Theironyisthatforalltheoverexciteddebatetheneteffectofimmigrationisminimal.Evenforthosemostacutelyaffected-saylow-skilledworkersorCaliforniaresidents-theimpactisntallthatdramatic.TheunpleasantvoiceshavetendedtodominateourperceptionssaysDanielTichenorapoliticalscienceprofessorattheUniversityofOregon.HButwhenallthosefactorsareputtogetherandtheeconomistscalculatethenumbersitendsupbeinganetpositivebutasmallone.HToobadmostpeopledon*trealizeit.留意此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答WhatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraphWhetherimmigrantsaregoodorbadfortheeconomyhasbeenpuzzlingeconomists.TheAmericaneconomyusedtothriveonimmigrationbutnowitsadifferentstory.Theconsensusamongeconomistsisthatimmigrationshouldnotbeencouraged.Thegeneralpublicthinksdifferentlyfrommosteconomistsontheimpactofimmigration.InwhatwaydoestheauthorthinkordinaryAmericansbenefitfromimmigrationTheycanaccessallkindsofpublicservices.Theycangetconsumergoodsatlowerprices.Theycanmixwithpeopleofdifferentcultures.Theycanavoiddoingmuchofthemanuallabor.Whydonativelow-skilledworkerssuffermostfromillegalimmigrationTheyhavegreaterdifficultygettingwelfaresupport.Theyaremorelikelytoencounterinten*acialconflicts.Theyhaveahardertimegettingajobwithdecentpay.Theyarenomatchforillegalimmigrantsinlaborskills.Whatisthechiefconcernofnativehigh-skilledbetter-educatedemployeesabouttheinflowofimmigrantsItmaychangetheexistingsocialstructure.Itmayposeathreattotheireconomicstatus.Itmayleadtosocialinstabilityinthecountry.Itmayplaceagreatstrainonthestatebudget.WhatistheironyaboutthedebateoverimmigrationEveneconomistscantreachaconsensusaboutitsimpact.Thosewhoareopposedtoitturnouttobenefitmostfromit.Peoplearemakingtoobigafussaboutsomethingofsmallimpact.Thereisnoessentialdifferencebetweenseeminglyoppositeopinions.PassageTwoQuestions57to61arebasedonthefollowingpassage.PictureatypicalMBAlecturetheatretwentyyearsago.Initthemajorityofstudentswillhaveconformedtothestandardmodelofthetime:malemiddleclassandWestern.Walkintoaclasstodayhoweverandyoullgetacompletelydifferentimpression.Forastartyouwillnowseeplentymorewomen-theUniversityofPennsylvaniasWhartonSchoolforexampleboaststhat40%ofitsnewenrolmentisfemale.Youwillalsoseeawiderangeofethnicgroupsandnationalsofpracticallyeverycountry.Itmightbetemptingthereforetothinkthattheoldbarriershavebeenbrokendownandequalopportunityachieved.Butincreasinglythisapparentdiversityisbecomingamaskforanewtypeofconformity.Behindthedifferencesinsexskintonesandmothertonguestherearecommonattitudesexpectationsandambitionswhichriskcreatingasetofclonesamongthebusinessleadersofthefuture.Diversityitseemshasnothelpedtoaddressfundamentalweaknessesinbusinessleadership.SowhatcanbedonetocreatemoreeffectivemanagersofthecommercialworldAccordingtoValerieGauthierassociatedeanatHECParisthekeyliesintheprocessbywhichMBAprogrammesrecruittheirstudents.Atthemomentcandidatesareselectedonafairlynarrowsetofcriteriasuchasprioracademicandcareerperformanceandanalyticalandproblemsolvingabilities.ThisisthencoupledtoaschooFspictureofwhatadiverseclassshouldlooklikewiththeresultthatpassportethnicoriginandsexcanallbecomeinfluencingfactors.Butschoolsrarelydigdowntofindoutwhatreallymakesanapplicantsucceedtocreateaclasswhichalsocontainsdiversityofattitudeandapproach-arguablytheonlydiversitythatinabusinesscontextreallymatters.ProfessorGauthierbelievesschoolsshouldnotjustbeselectingcandidatesfromtraditionalsectorssuchasbankingconsultancyandindustry.Theyshouldalsobeseekingindividualswhohavebackgroundsinareassuchaspoliticalsciencethecreativeartshistoryorphilosophywhichwillallowthemtoputbusinessdecisionsintoawidercontext.Indeedtheredoesseemtobeademandforthemoreroundedleaderssuchdiversitymightcreate.AstudybyMannazaleadershipdevelopmentcompanysuggeststhatwhilethebully-boychiefexecutiveofoldmaynothavebeeneradicatedcompletelythereisadefiniteshiftinemphasistowardslesstoughstylesofmanagement-atleastinAmericaandEurope.PerhapsmostsignificantaccordingtoMannazistheincreasinginterestlargecompanieshaveinmorecollaborativemanagementmodelssuchasthoseprevalentinScandinaviawhichseektointegratethehardandsoftaspectsofleadershipandencouragedelegatedresponsibilityandaccountability.cometoourkindsofplaceshetoldaNEWSWEEKreporter.ButBowdoinhasnotdonequiteaswellwhenitcomestoactuallygraduatingminorities.While9outof10whitestudentsroutinelygettheirdiplomaswithinsixyearsonly7outof10blackstudentsmadeittograduationdayinseveralrecentclasses.IfyoulookatwhoenterscollegeitnowlookslikeAmerica/saysHilaryPenningtondirectorofpostsecondaryprogramsfortheBillMelindaGatesFoundationwhichhascloselystudiedenrollmentpatternsinhighereducation.Butifyoulookatwhowalksacrossthestageforadiplomaitsstilllargelythewhiteupper-incomepopulation.*TheUnitedStatesoncehadthehighestgraduationrateofanynation.Nowitstands10th.ForthefirsttimeinAmericanhistorythereistheriskthattherisinggenerationwillbelesswelleducatedthanthepreviousone.Thegraduationrateamong25-to34-year-oldsisnobetterthantherateforthe55-to64-year-oldswhoweregoingtocollegemorethan30yearsago.Studiesshowthatmoreandmorepoorandnon-whitestudentswanttograduatefromcollege-buttheirgraduationratesfallfarshortoftheirdreams.ThegraduationratesforblacksLatinosandNativeAmericanslagfarbehindthegraduationratesforwhitesandAsians.AstheminoritypopulationgrowsintheUnitedStateslowcollegegraduationratesbecomeathreattonationalprosperity.Theproblemispronouncedatpublicuniversities.In2023theUniversityofWisconsin-Madison-oneofthetopfiveorsoprestigiouspublicuniversities-graduated81%ofitswhitestudentswithinsixyearsbutonly56%ofitsblacks.Atless-selectivestateschoolsthenumbersgetworse.DuringthesametimeframetheUniversityofNorthernIowagraduated67%ofitswhitestudentsbutonly39%ofitsblacks.留意此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答WhatcharacterisesthebusinessschoolstudentpopulationoftodayGreaterdiversity.CExceptionaldiligence.Intellectualmaturity.DHigherambition.WhatistheauthorsconcernaboutcurrentbusinessschooleducationItwillarousestudents*unrealisticexpectations.Itwillproducebusinessleadersofauniformstyle.Itfocusesontheoryratherthanonpracticalskills.Itstressescompetitionratherthancooperation.WhataspectofdiversitydoesValerieGauthierthinkismostimportantAgeandeducationalbackground.Socialandprofessionalexperience.Attitudeandapproachtobusiness.Ethnicoriginandgender.WhatapplicantsdoestheauthorthinkMBAprogrammesshouldconsiderrecruitingApplicantswithpriorexperienceinbusinesscompanies.Applicantswithsoundknowledgeinmathandstatistics.Applicantsfromoutsidethetraditionalsectors.Applicantsfromlessdevelopedregionsandareas.WhatdoesMannazsayaboutthecurrentmanagementstyleItiseradicatingthetoughaspectsofmanagement.Itencouragesmaleandfemaleexecutivestoworksidebyside.Itadoptsthebully-boychiefexecutivemodel.Itisshiftingtowardsmorecollaborativemodels.Cloze15minutesDirections:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedABCandDontherightsideofthepaper.YoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.留意此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答Organisedvolunteeringandworkexperiencehaslongbeenavitalcompaniontouniversitydegreecourses.Usuallyitisleftto_62_todeducethepotentialfromalistofextracurricularadventuresonagraduatesresume—63—nowtheUniversityofBristolhaslaunchedanawardtoformalisetheachievementsofstudentswho_64_timetoactivitiesoutsidetheircourses.BristolPLuSaimstobooststudentsinanincreasingly_65—jobmarketbyhelpingthemacquireworkandlifeskillsalongside_66_qualifications.“Ourstudentsareaprettyactivebunchbutwefoundthattheydidnt—67—appreciatethevalueofwhattheydid_68—thelecturehallJsaysJeffGoodmandirectorofcareersandemployabilityattheuniversity.Employersaremuchmore_69_thantheyusedtobe.Theyusedtolookfor_70_andsawitaspartoftheirjobtoextractthevalueofanapplicantsskills.Nowtheywantstudentstobeabletoexplainwhythoseskillsare_71_tothejob.Studentswhosign_72—fortheawardwillbeexpectedtocomplete50hoursofworkexperienceor_73_workattendfourworkshopsonemploy-abilityskillstakepartinanintensiveskills-relatedactivity_74—cruciallywriteasummaryoftheskillstheyhavegained.—75—effortswillgainanOutstandingAchievementAward.Thosewho_76—bestonthesportsfieldcantaketheSportingPLuSAwardwhichfostersemployer-friendlysportsaccomplishments.Theexperiencedoesnothavetobe_77—organised.HWerenotjustinterestedineasilyidentifiableskillssaysGoodman.-78—onestudenttooktheleadindealingwithadifficultlandlordandso_79—negotiationskills.Wetrytomaketheexperiencerelevanttoindividuallives/Goodmanhopesthe_80—willenableactivestudentstofillinanygapsintheirexperienceandencouragetheirless-active_81—totakeupactivitiesoutsidetheiracademicareaofwork.TranslationDirections:CompletethesentencesbytranslatingintoEnglishtheChinesegiveninbrackets.PleasewriteyourtranslationonAnswerSheet
2.留意此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答,只需写出译文部分Eventhoughtheywerealreadylatethey愿停下来观赏漂亮的景色thanjustgoon.Noagreementwasreachedinthediscussionbetweenthetwopartiesas(任何一方都不愿放弃自己的立场).(原来可以治愈那位癌症病人的)buthedidntfollowthedoctorsadviceandtakethemregularly.feelobligedtoyou.Thewarleftthefamilyscatteredallovertheworldanditwasthirty(他们才得以重聚).2023年6月份六级参考答案PartIWritingMyopiniononcertificatecrazeThegrowingtendencyamongcollegestudentstogetallkindsofcertificateshasnowevolvedintoacraze.Justrandomlyaskastudentwhatheorsheisbusilyengagedindoingquitepossiblyyouwouldgettheanswerthatheorsheispreparingforacertificateofsomekind.SowhysthecrazeThereasonbehindthisphenomenoniscommon—theenormouspressureoffindingajob.Facedwithaharshjobmarketmoststudentshavenochoicebuttoseekmorecertificatestoparlaytheirqualifications.Anotherfactoristhatdiplomaandcertificatesstillweighsheavilyintermsofsignifyingonesability.Forthesakeofincreasingtheiroddsoflandingabetterjobthestudentsarecompelledtorunfromoneexamtoanother.ThoughIhaveanopenmindtowardthecrazeoncertificatesIsuggestthatstudentsshouldbemorerationalwhenitcomestocertificatessincetheydonotnecessarilytelltheirability.Insteadtheyshouldbemoreinvolvedinlearningandcapabilityboostingthusopportunitieswouldcomequitenaturally.PartIIReadingComprehensionSkimmingandScanningthattheyarelessqualifiedsomepreparatorycourcesbeclosedPartIIIListeningComprehensionSectionASectionBSectionCCompoundDictationPartIVReadingComprehensionReadingindepthSectionAwhatisinyourbossmindchallengingourbosssauthoritypossibleconsequencesbeproposedandreviewedconfrontationsPartVClozePartVITranslationEventhoughtheywerealreadylatetheywouldratherstopforthebeautifulview(宁愿停下来观赏漂亮的景色)thanjustgoon.Noagreementwasreachedinthediscussionbetweenthetwopartiesaseithersiderefusestosoftentheirpositions(任何一方都不愿放弃自己的立场)Thepillscouldhavecuredthecancerpatient(原来可以治愈那位癌症病人的)buthedidntfollowthedoctorsadviceandtakethemregularly.Itisreallykindofyoutogivemesomuchhelp(你真好,给了我那么多帮助);Ireallyfeelobligedtoyou.Thewarleftthefamilyscatteredallovertheworldanditwasthirtyyearsbeforetheywereabletoreunite(他们才得以重聚)2023年6月高校英语六级听力英文名11M:Ileft20pagesheretocopyheresthereceiptW:TmsorrysirbutwearealittlebehindcouldyoucomebackinafewminutesQ:whatdoesthewomanmean12W:IhopeyouarenottoputoutwithmeforthedelayJhadtostopfortheFredshometopickupabookonmywayhereM:wellthatsnotabigdealbutyoumightatleastphoneifyouknowyouwillkeepsomeonewaitingQ:whatdowelearnaboutthewomen13W:MarkisthebestcandidateforchairmanofthestudentsunionisntheM:wellthatguywontbeabletowintheelectionunlesshegotthemajorityvotefromwomenstudentsandIamnotsureaboutitQ:whatdoesthemanmean14M:sorrytohavekeptyouwaitingMadamIvelocatedyourluggageitwasleftbehindinParisandwontarriveuntillaterthiseveningW:oh1cantbelievethishaveitbeentodeliveredtomyhotelthen1guessQ:whathappenedtothewomansluggage15W Idontthinkwehaveenoughinformationforourpresentation.Butwehavetogiveittomorrow.Thatdoesntseemtobemuchwecandoaboutit.M:Yeahatthispointwellhavetomakedowithwhatwevegot.Q:whatdoesthemansuggesttheydo16M:Imtakingthisgreatcoursepsychologyoflanguage.Itsreallyinteresting.Sinceyourepsychologymajoryoushouldsignupforit.W:ActuallyItriedtodothat.ButtheytoldmeIhavetotakelanguagestudiesfirst.Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation17W:CanyoubelievethewayLarrywastalkingtohisroommateNowondertheydontgetalong.M:WellmaybeLarrywasjustreactingtosomethinghisroommatesaid.Therearetwosidestoeverystoryyouknow.Q:WhatdoesthemanimplyaboutLarryandhisroommate18M:Wedonthavetheresourcestostopthosepeoplefrombuyingusout.Unlessamiraclehappensthismaybetheendofus.W:Istillhavehopewecangethelpfromthebank.Afterallwedontneedthatmuchmoney.Q:Whatdowelearnaboutthespeakersfromtheconversation长对话原文ConversationOneQuestions19to22arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.W:YouknowIveoftenwonderedwhypeoplelaughatthepictureofabigbellybusinessmanslippingonabananaskinandfallingonhisbottom.Wearetofeelsonyforthem.M:ActuallyLauraIthinkwelaughbecausewearegladitdidnthappentous.Butofcoursethereisalsoakindofhumoroussatisfactioninseeingsomebodyself-importantmakingafoolofthemselves.W:Yesandtherearealotofjokesaboutpeoplewhoaretoofatorphysicallyhandicappedyouknowdeaforshort-sightedthingslikethat.Afterallitsnotreallyfunnytobelikethat.M:OhIthinkthatsbecausewereembarrassed.Wedontknowhowtocopewiththesituation.Perhapsweareevenabitfrightenedwemaygetlikethatsowelaugh.M:WhataboutthecustardpieroutineW:WhatdoyoumeancustardpieroutineM:YouknowallthoseoldfilmswheresomeonegetssooutragedwithhisbossHepicksupacustardpieandplastersitallovertheotherpersonsface.W:Thatnevermakesmelaughmuchbecauseyoucanguesswhatsgoingtohappen.Butalotofpeoplestillfinditlaughable.Itmustbecauseofthesortofthethingwedalllovetodoonceinawhileandneverquiethavethecourageto.M:Ihadanoldauntwhousedtothrowcupsofteaatpeoplewhenshewasparticularlyimtated.Shesaiditrelievedherfeelings.W:Itmusthavecomeabitexpensive.M:Notreally.Shetookcarenevertothrowherbestchina.Whydoesthemansaywelaughedwhenweseesomeself-importantpeoplemakingfoolofthemselvesCommunitycollegeshavelowgraduationratesgenerally-butrock-bottomratesforminorities.ArecentreviewofCaliforniacommunitycollegesfoundthatwhileathirdoftheAsianstudentspickeduptheirdegreesonly15%ofAfrican-Americansdidsoaswell.Privatecollegesanduniversitiesgenerallydobetterpartlybecausetheyoffersmallerclassesandmorepersonalattention.ButwhenitcomestoasignificantgraduationgapBowdoinhascompany.NearbyColbyCollegeloggedan18-pointdifferencebetweenwhiteandblackgraduatesin2023and25pointsin
2023.MiddleburyCollegeinVermontanothertopschoolhada19-pointgapin2023anda22-pointgapin
2023.Themostselectiveprivateschools-HarvardYaleandPrinceton-showalmostnogapbetweenblackandwhitegraduationrates.Butthatmayhavemoretodowiththeirabilitytoselectthebeststudents.AccordingtodatagatheredbyHarvardLawSchoolprofessorLaniGuinierthemostselectiveschoolsaremorelikelytochooseblackswhohaveatleastoneimmigrantparentfromAfricaortheCaribbeanthanblackstudentswhoaredescendantsofAmericanslaves.HighereducationhasbeenabletoduckthisissueforyearsparticularlythemoreselectiveschoolsbysayingtheresponsibilityisontheindividualstudentsaysPenningtonoftheGatesFoundation.nIftheyfailitstheirfault.1Somecriticsblameaffirmativeaction-studentsadmittedwithlowertestscoresandgradesfromshakyhighschoolsoftenstruggleateliteschools.Butabiggerproblemmaybethatpoorhighschoolsoftensendtheirstudentstocollegesforwhichtheyareundermatched1:theycouldgetintomoreelitericherschoolsbutinsteadgotocommunitycollegesandlow-ratedstateschoolsthatlacktheresourcestohelpthem.SomeschoolsoutforprofitcynicallyincreaseWhydosomepeoplejokeaboutthosewhoarefatorhandicappedaccordingtothemanWhydomanypeoplefinditfunnytoseesomeonethrowingacustardpieontheirbosssfaceWhydothemansayshewoulddropcupsofteaatpeopleoccasionallyConversationTwoW YournameSanjayKumaristhatcorrectMYesmadam.W YouclaimyouaretravelingonascholarshipfromDelhiUniversity.M Thatfsright.W Nowitseemsthatahandgunwasfoundinyourluggage.DoyouadmitthatM Yesbut...W Accordingtothestatementyoumadeyouhadneverseenthehandgunbeforeitwasfoundinyourbag.DoyoustillmaintainthatM Butitstrue.Iswearit.W MmmyoudorealizeMr.KumarthattobringahandgunintoHongKongwithoutproperauthorizationisaseriousoffense.M ButIdidn*tbringit.I...ImeanIdidntknowanythingaboutit.ItwasnttherewhenIleftDelhi.Mybagsweresearched.Itwaspartoftheairportsecuritycheck.W Maybesobutsomeonemanagedtogetthathandgunontotheaircraftoritcouldnthavebeenthere.M Someonebutnotme.W TellmewherewasyourpersonalbagduringtheflightMIhaditdownbymyfeetbetweenmeandthemaninthenextseat.M:HewastheonlypersonwhocouldhaveopenedmybagwhileIwasasleep.Itmusthavebeenhim.W:Isee.HaveyouanyideawhothismanwasM:HetoldmehisnameAlfredFoster.HewasveryfriendlyafterIwokeupthatis.Hehadntspokenbefore.W:AlfredFosterwecancheckthatonthepassengerlist.M:Hesaidhehadacarcomingtomeethim.Heofferedmealift.W:OhWhyshouldhedothatM:Sohecangethishandgunbackthatswhy.PleasefindhimMadam.Questions23-25arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheardWhatisSanjayKumarsuspectedofWhatdoweknowaboutAlfredFosterWhatdoesSanjayKumaraskthewomantodofinally听力理解短文原文SectionBPassageOneEveryoneislookingforagoodinvestmentthesedays.Andwithstockscurrenciesandcompaniesallcrashingsomearefindingthattakingthetripofalifetimeisactuallyasmartmoverightnow.Pricesaregoodcrowdsarefewerandthedividendslikeexpandedworldviewlifelongmemoriesthesatisfactionofboostingtheglobaleconomy-cantbeeasilysnatchedaway.SylviaandPaulCustersonaretiredcouplefromCambridgeEnglandrecentlytooka16-dayvacationtoNamibiawheretheywentonbird-watchingexcursions.LaterthisyeartheyareplanningatriptoPatagonia.Wereusingourcapitalnow1saysSylviaAndwhynotWerenotgettinganyinterestinthebank.Ifitsaplacewereallywanttogothenwewillgo.Wemayaswelltravelwhilewerefitandhealthy.*Sometravelagentsarethrivinginspiteoftheeconomy.Wevehadmorepeoplebookinginthefirstquarterofthisyearthanlast**saysHubertMoineaufounderofTselanaTravelwhichisplanningtointroduceanewprogramoflongeradventuretripsincludingpolarexpeditionsandcruisesintheGalapagos.Werehearingthingslike*Wedontknowwhatthesituationwillbeinsixmonthssolet*stravelnowAshleyToftmanagingdirectoroftheU.K.touroperatorExplorehasbeensurprisedtoseeanincreaseinlast-minutebookingsofhigh-pricedtripstosuchplacesasIndiaBhutanandNepal.Itseemspeoplewouldrathergiveupsomethingelsethanthebigtriphesays.Travelhasbecomeanecessity.Itsjusthowwetravelthatischanging.Questions26to28arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.AccordingtothespeakerwhyaresomepeoplewillingtospendtheirmoneyontravelthesedaysWhatisTselanaTravelplanningtodoaccordingtoitsfounderAccordingtoAshleyToftmanagingdirectorofExplorewhatischangingnowwithregardtotravelsPassageTwoSomehowtheoldmaleandfemalestereotypesnolongerfit.Menandwomeninthiscountryhaventbeenfulfillingtheirtraditionalrolesforsometimenow.Andthereseemtobefewerandfewerdifferencesbetweenthesexes.Forinstanceeventhoughmorewomenthanmenarestillhomemakerswithoutpayingjobswomenhavebeentakingovermoreresponsibilityinthebusinessworldearninghighersalariesthaneverbeforeandenteringfieldsofworkthatusedtobeexclusivelymaleareas.Atofficemeetingsandingroupdiscussionstheymightspeakupmoreoftenexpressstrongopinionsandcomeupwithmorecreativeandpracticalideasthantheirmalecolleagues.Severaldaysagomy23-year-olddaughtercametomewithsomeimportantnews.Notonlyhadshefoundthehighestpayingjobofhercareerbutshedalsoacceptedadatewiththemostcharmingmenshedevermet.“ReaHy”,Irespondedtellmeaboutthem.”Receptionistinanattorneysofficeandawelderataconstructionsite.Sheansweredinamatter-of-factway.Theinterestingthingismydaughtersdateisthereceptionistandmydaughteristhewelder.Theoldstereotypesofmensandwomensworkhavebeenchangingmorequicklythaneverbeforeexceptperhapsinmyownmarriage.“Whosgoingtomowthelawn”1askedmyhusbandthismorning.“OhIheansweredpolitely.Thatsmenswork.”“What”IrritatedIraisedmyvoice.Thatsaridiculousstereotype.Illshowyouwhocandothebestjobonthelawn.Theworktook3hoursandIdiditallmyself.Questions29to32arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.WhatisthespeakermainlytalkingaboutWhatmightwomendoatofficemeetingsnowadaysaccordingtothespeakerWhydidthespeakermowthelawnherselfthatmorningPassageThreeFlorenceHayesisajournalistfortheGreenVilleJournalthedailynewspaperintown.SpecificallyshecoverscrimeintheGreenVillearea.Thisresponsibilitytakeshertomanydifferentplaceseveryweekthepolicestationthecourtandthehospital.Mostofthecrimesthatshewritesaboutfallintotwogroups:violentcrimesandcrimesagainstproperty.ThereisntmuchviolentcrimeinasmalltownlikeGreenVilleoratleastnotasmuchasinthelargeurbanareas.ButassaultsoftenoccuronFridayandSaturdaynightsnearthebarsdowntown.Theretoalsooneortworapesoncampuseverysemester.Florenceisveryinterestedinthistypeofcrimeandtriestowritealongarticleabouteachone.SheexpectsthatthiswillmakewomenmorecarefulwhentheywalkaroundGreenVillealoneatnightFortunatelytherewereusuallynomurdersinGreenVille.CrimesagainstpropertymakeupmostofMissHeyesreporting.TheyrangefromminorcasesofdeliberatedamagingofthingstomuchmoreseriousoffensessuchascaraccidentsinvolvingdrunkdriversorbankrobberiesbutFlorencehastoreportalloftheseviolationsfromthethiefwhotooktypewritersfromeveryunlockroominthedormitorytothethiefwhostoleonemilliondollarsworthofartworkfromtheuniversitymuseum.MissHayesenjoysworkingforanewspaperbutshesometimesgetsunhappyaboutallthecrimeshehastoreport.ShewouldprefertostartwritingaboutsomethingmoreinterestingandlessunpleasantsuchaslocalnewsorpoliticsmaybenextyearFlorenceHayesGreenVilleQuestions32to35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.WhatisFlorenceHayesmainresponsibilityasajournalistWhatdoesthespeakersayaboutsecurityinGreenVilleWhatdowelearnaboutcrimesagainstpropertyintheGreenVilleareaWhatwouldFlorenceHayesprefertodo复合式听写原文CompoundDictationInAmericapeoplearefacedwithmoreandmoredecisionseverydaywhetheritspickingoneofthirty-oneicecreamflavorsordecidingwhetherandwhentogetmarried.Thatsoundslikeagreatthingbutasarecentstudyhasshowntoomanychoicescanmakeusconfusedunhappyevenparalyzedwithindecision.4ThafsparticularlytruewhenitcomestotheworkplacesaysBarrySchwartzanauthorofsixbooksabouthumanbehavior.Studentsaregraduatingwithavarietyofskillsandinterestsbutoftenfindthemselvesoverwhelmedwhenitcomestochoosinganultimatecareergoal.InastudySchwartzobserveddecision-makingamongcollegestudentsduringtheirsenioryear.Basedonanswerstoquestionsregardingtheirjobhuntingstrategiesandcareerdecisionshedividedthestudentsintotwogroups maximizerswhoconsidereverypossibleoptionandsatisficerswholookuntiltheyfindanoptionthatisgoodenough.Youmightexpectthatthestudentwhohadundertakenthemostexhaustedsearchwouldbethemostsatisfiedwiththeirfinaldecisionbutitturnsoutthatsnottrue.Schwartzfoundthatwhilemaximizersendedupwithbetter-payingjobsthansatisficersonaveragetheywerentashappywiththeirdecision.Thereasonwhythesepeoplefeellesssatisfiedisthataworldofpossibilitiesmayalsobeaworldofmissedopportunities.Whenyoulookateverypossibleoptionyoutendtofocusmoreonwhatwasgivenupthanwhatwasgained.Aftersurveyingeveryoptionapersonismoreacutelyawareoftheopportunitiestheyhadtoturndowntopursuejustonecareer.tuitionsandcountonstudentloansandfederalaidtofootthebillknowingfullwellthatthestudentswontmakeit.Theschoolkeepsthemoneybutthekidleaveswithloadsofdebtandnodegreeandnoabilitytogetabetterjob.CollegesarenotholdinguptheirendsaysAmyWilkinsoftheEducationTrust.Acollegeeducationisgettingevermoreexpensive.Since1982tuitionshavebeenrisingatroughlytwicetherateofinflation.In2023thenetcostofattendingafour-yearpublicuniversity-afterfinancialaid-equaled28%ofmedian(中间的)familyincomewhileafour-yearprivateuniversitycost76%ofmedianfamilyincome.Moreandmorescholarshipsarebasedonmeritnotneed.Poorerstudentsarenotalwaysthebest-informedconsumers.Oftentheywindupdeeplyindebtorsimplyunabletopayafterayearortwoandmustdropout.Thereoncewasatimewhenuniversitiestookprideintheirdropoutrates.ProfessorswouldbegintheyearbysayingLooktotherightandlooktotheleft.Oneofyouisnotgoingtobeherebytheendoftheyear.1ButsuchaDarwinianspiritisbeginningtogivewayasatleastafewcollegesfaceuptothegraduationgap.AttheUniversityofWisconsin-Madisonthegaphasbeenroughlyhalvedoverthelastthreeyears.Theuniversityhaspouredresourcesintopeercounselingtohelpstudentsfrominner-cityschoolsadjusttotherigor(严格要求)andfasterpaceofauniversityclassroom-andalsotohelpminoritystudentsovercomethestereotypethattheyarelessqualified.Wisconsinhasanlaserlikefocus*1onbuildingupstudentskillsinthefirstthreemonthsaccordingtoviceprovost(教务长)DamonWilliams.Stateandfederalgovernmentscouldsharpenthatfocuseverywherebybroadlypublishingminoritygraduationrates.ForyearsprivatecollegessuchasPrincetonandMIThavehadsuccessbringingminoritiesontocampusinthesummerbeforefreshmanyeartogivethemsomepreparatorycourses.Thenewertrendistostartrecruitingpoorandnon-whitestudentsasearlyastheseventhgradeusinginnovativetoolstoidentifykidswithsophisticatedverbalskills.Suchpro-gramscanbeexpensiveofcoursebutcheapcomparedwiththemillionsalreadyinvestedinscholarshipsandgrantsforkidswhohavelittlechancetograduatewithoutspecialsupport.Witheffortandmoneythegraduationgapcanbeclosed.WashingtonandLeeisasmallselectiveschoolinLexingtonVa.Itsstudentbodyislessthan5%blackandlessthan2%Latino.Whiletheschoolusuallygraduatedabout90%ofitswhitesthegraduationrateofitsblacksandLatinoshaddippedto63%by
2023.WewentthroughadramaticshiftsaysDawnWatkinsthevicepresidentforstudentaffairs.Theschoolaggressivelypushedmentoring辅导ofminoritiesbyotherstudentsandpartneringwithparentsataspecialpre-enrolImentsession.Theschoolhaditsfirst-everblackhomecoming.Lastspringtheschoolgraduatedthesameproportionofminoritiesasitdidwhites.IftheUnitedStateswantstokeepupintheglobaleconomicraceitwillhavetopaysystematicattentiontograduatingminoritiesnotjustenrollingthem.留意此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答WhatistheauthorsmainconcernaboutAmericanhighereducationAThesmallproportionofminoritystudents.Thelowgraduationratesofminoritystudents.Thegrowingconflictsamongethnicgroups.DThepooracademicperformanceofstudents.WhatwastheprideofPresidentBarryMillsofBowdoinCollegeTheprestigeofitsliberalartsprograms.ItsrankingamonguniversitiesinMaine.Thehighgraduationratesofitsstudents.Itsincreasedenrollmentofminoritystudents.WhatistheriskfacingAmericaItsschoolswillbeoverwhelmedbythegrowingnumberofillegalimmigrants.Therisinggenerationwillbelesswelleducatedthanthepreviousone.Morepoorandnon-whitestudentswillbedeniedaccesstocollege.Itisgoingtoloseitscompetitiveedgeinhighereducation.HowmanyAfrican-AmericanstudentsearnedtheirdegreesinCaliforniacommunitycollegesaccordingtoarecentreviewFifty-sixpercent.CFifteenpercent.Thirty-ninepercent.DSixty-sevenpercent.HarvardYaleandPrincetonshowalmostnogapbetweenblackandwhitegraduationratesmainlybecause.theirstudentsworkharderCtheirclassesaregenerallysmallertheyrecruitthebeststudentsDtheygivestudentsmoreattentionHowdoesAmyWilkinsoftheEducationTrustviewminoritystudentsfailuretogetadegreeUniversitiesaretoblame.Studentsdontworkhard.Thegovernmentfailstoprovidethenecessarysupport.Affirmativeactionshouldbeheldresponsible.WhydosomestudentsdropoutafterayearortwoaccordingtotheauthorTheyhavelostconfidenceinthemselves.Theycannotaffordthehightuition.Theycannotadapttotherigoroftheschool.Theyfailtodevelopinterestintheirstudies.TotackletheproblemofgraduationgaptheUniversityofWisconsin-MadisonhelpsminoritystudentsgetoverthestereotypethatForyearsprivatecollegessuchasPrincetonandMIThaveprovidedminoritystudentswithduringthesummerbeforefreshmanyear.WashingtonandLeeUniversityiscitedasanexampletoshowthatthegapofgraduationratesbetweenwhitesandminoritiescan.PartIIIListeningComprehension35minutesSectionADirections:Inthissectionyouwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversationoneormorequestionswillheaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.DuringthepauseyoumustreadthefourchoicesmarkedABCandDanddecidewhichisthebestanswer.Thenmarkthecorrespond^ingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.留意此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答AShewillgivehimthereceiptlater.Themanshouldmakehisowncopies.Shehasnotgotthemanscopiesready.Themanforgottomakethecopiesforher.AShephonedFredaboutthebook.SheranintoFredonherwayhere.BShewaslatefortheappointment.Sheoftenkeepsotherpeoplewaiting.AMarkisnotfittotakechargeoftheStudentUnion.Markisthebestcandidateforthepostofchairman.ItwontbeeasyforMarktowintheelection.Femalesaremorecompetitivethanmalesinelections.AItfailedtoarriveatitsdestinationintime.Itgotseriouslydamagedontheway.ItgotlostattheairportinParis.Itwasleftbehindinthehotel.AJustmakeuseofwhateverinformationisavailable.Putmoreeffortintopreparingforthepresentation.Findmorerelevantinformationfortheirwork.Simplyraisetheissueintheirpresentation.AThemanhasdecidedtochooseLanguageStudiesashismajor.Thewomanisntinterestedinthepsychologyoflanguage.Themanisstilltryingtosignupforthecourseheisinterestedin.Thewomanisntqualifiedtotakethecoursethemanmentioned.ATheyarebothtoblame.Theyarebotheasytoplease.Theycanmanagetogetalong.Theywillmakepeaceintime.ATheyareindesperateneedoffinancialassistance.Theyhopetodomiracleswithlimitedresources.Theywanttoborrowahugesumfromthebank.Theyplantobuyouttheirbusinesspartners.Questions19to22arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.AWesimplycannothelpreactinginstinctivelythatway.Wewishtohideourindifferencetotheirmisfortune.Wederivesomehumoroussatisfactionfromtheirmisfortune.Wethinkitservesthemrightforbeingmeantootherpeople.ATheywanttoshowtheirgenuinesympathy.Theyhavehadsimilarpersonalexperiences.Theydontknowhowtocopewiththesituation.Theydontwanttorevealtheirownfrustration.ATheythemselveswouldliketodoitbutdontdareto.It*sanopportunityforrelievingtheirtension.It*sararechanceforthemtoseethebossloseface.Theyhaveseenthismanytimesinoldfilms.AToirritatethem.CTorelieveherfeelings.Toteachthemalesson.DToshowhercourage.Questions23to25arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.ASmugglingdrugsintoHongKong.Stealingafellowpassengersbag.Havingcommittedarmedrobbery.BringingahandgunintoHongKong.AHesaidnotasinglewordduringtheentireflight.HetookawayKumarsbaggagewhilehewasasleep.HewastravellingonascholarshipfromDelhiUniversity.HeissuspectedofhavingslippedsomethinginKumarsbag.AGivehimalift.CCheckthepassengerlist.FindAlfredFoster.DSearchallsuspiciouscars.
62.AadvisorsBspecialistsCcriticsDemployers
63.AwhichBbutCunlessDsince
64.AdivideBdevoteCdeliverDdonate
65.AharmoniousBcompetitiveCresourcefulDprosperous
66.AartisticBtechnicalCacademicDinteractive
67.AdominantlyBearnestlyCnecessarilyDgracefully
68.AoutsideBalongCoverDthrough
69.AgenerousBconsiderateCenlighteningDdemanding
70.AoriginBinitialCpopularityDpotential
71.ArelevantBresponsiveCreluctantDrespective
72.AoutBoffCawayDup
73.AcasualBelectiveCdomesticDvoluntary
74.AorBthusCsoDand
75.AOccasionalBExceptionalCInformativeDRelative
76.AperformBconveyCcirculateDformulate
77.AroughlyBrandomlyCformallyDfortunatelyl.B
2.D
3.B
4.C
5.B
6.A
7.Bll.C
12.B
13.C
14.A
15.A
16.D
17.A
18.A
19.C
20.B
21.A
22.C
23.D
24.D
25.B
26.B
27.D
28.B
29.B
30.A
31.C
32.B
33.D
34.A
35.A36flavors37confused38particularly39behavior40variety41overwhelmed42senior43strategies44whohadundertakenthemostexhaustedsearchwouldbethemostsatisfiedwiththeirfinaldecision45whythesepeoplefeellesssatisfiedisthataworldofpossibilitiesmayalsobeaworldofmissedopportunities.46apersonismoreacutelyawareoftheopportunitiestheyhadtoturndowntopursuejustonecareer.
52.D.
53.B.
54.C.
55.D
56.C
57.A.
58.B.
59.C.
60.C.
61.D.62employers63but64devote65competitive66academic67necessarily68outside69demanding70potential71relevant72up73voluntary74and75Exceptional76perform77formally78Forinstance79demonstrated80scheme81peers。