还剩12页未读,继续阅读
本资源只提供10页预览,全部文档请下载后查看!喜欢就下载吧,查找使用更方便
文本内容:
高二英语必拿下的知识点虽然学习很忙碌,很辛苦,但我并没有觉得疲倦,我觉得学习很快乐看到了自己有了优异的成绩,我会想学习是幸福的,当历尽了千辛而获得成功时,学习的果实是那么的甜啊!以下是小编给大家整理的高二英语知识点希望能帮助到你!高二英语知识点汇总meantodosth.打算做某事meandoingsth意味着做某事bemeantfor打算给予打算做用hadmeanttodo本来打算做而实际上未做byallmeans可以,当然行,没问题bymeansof借助的手段;依靠方法Bynomeant绝不,一点儿也不takeplace发生doharm/good有害处/好处gotocleangraves扫墓inmemoryof为了纪念incelebrationof为了庆祝infavorof赞同inpraiseof为了表扬intheshapeof以的形状offersbsth=offersthtosb提供某人某物/某物给某人offertodosth主动提出做某事/建议将做某事offersbmoneyforsth向某人出价多少买某物offersbsthformoney向某人开价多少卖某物G.动词adviseallowpermitforbid后面接单宾语时用动名词,接复合宾语时用动词不定式Doctorsadvisegivingupsmokingtobenefitoneshealth.Thedoctoradvisedhimtogiveupsmokingsoastoimprovehishealth.Shedoesntallowpermitsmokinginherroom.=Shedoesn,tallowpermitanyonetosmokeinherroom.Parkingisforbiddenhere.=Anycarsnotpermittedtoparkhere..做宾补不定式可以表示一次性、具体性行为,以及将来意义的行为现在分词可以表示当时正在发生的进行意义的行为,亦可表示一个持续时间的延续性的行为动作过去分词可以表示完成意义的行为或状态,及物动词的过去分词亦有被动意义,不及物动词的过去分词仍是主动意义WhenIcameinIsawherdancinghappily.IoftenhearhersingsongsinEnglishinherroom.Theyhadthelightsburningallnightlong.IsawLiPingpassbyandenterthenextroomjustnow.Themotherwillhavethedoctorexaminehersonagain.TomorrowI*11havemyhaircut.WhenIgothomeIfoundthewindowbrokenandthethiefgoneawayalready.Whentheyreturnedtotheirhometownafteranabsenceoftwentyyearstheyfoundeverythingchanged..做表语不定式和动名词做表语解释主语内容,且可以和主语颠倒,意思仍然通顺,回答what的问题它们有时存在经常性和一次性行为的区别,分词做表语表明主语的性质、特征和状态,不能和主语颠倒,可以回答how的问题Herjobiscleaningoffices.WhatisherjobCleaningofficesisherjob.Ourjobtodayistocleantheoffice.=Tocleantheofficeisourjobtoday.Thenewsisveryexciting.HowisthenewsTheyareverytiredafteralongwalk.Thedoorislockednow.Thechildrenarewelldressedthesedays..做定语不定式做定语与先行词有动宾、主谓和解释先行词内容等关系在时态上常是将来意义,现在分词做定语是现在时或进行时态意义;过去分词做定语则是完成时态意义此外,不定式做定语时只能后置,不可前置,而单个分词做定语可前置,分词短语做定语则须后置动名词做定语,须前置,且要重读,它表明先行词的用途而分词做定语表明先行词的性质、特征和状态aswimmingboy=aboywhoisswimmingaswimmingpool二apoolforswimmingtheboilingwater=thewaterthatisboilingdrinkingwater=waterfordrinkingTodayIhavealettertowrite.Pleasefindamantohelpus.ItisagoodchancetopractiseyourspokenEnglish.I1ikereadingbookswrittenbyLuXun.ThewomanstandingoverthereisourEnglishteacher.Thehousetobebuilt=whichwillbebuilt/whichistobebuiltnextyearwillbeournewlibrary.Thehousebeingbuilt=whichisbeingbuiltnowwillbeournewlibrary.Thehousebuilt=whichwasbuiltlastyearisournewlibrarynow.
6.做状语不定式和分词做状语各有不同分工动词不定式多做目的、结果和原因状语,且多放在句末;分词可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式状语,多置于句首,做伴随状语,多放在后面单独的动名词不能做状语,在介词后形成介词短语,从而做状语.目的状语通常有不定式表示,由于不定式的客观性和将来性特征不定式前还可加上inordersoas来加强说话的口气但soasto通常不用于句首TheSmithshavegonetoLondontospendtheirholidays.Icamehereinorder/soastohearthereport.Inorderto不用soastoseebetterwetookfrontseats..时间状语分词作时间状语相当于时间状语从句现在分词作时间状语一般位于句首,表示的动作和谓语动词的动作同时发生,有时现在分词前可以加上时间连词如果分词动作发生在谓语动词之前,用现在分词的完成体形式过去分词作时间状语与谓语动词构成同时性和被动意义分词前有时加上时间连词Arriving二Whenhearrivedatthebusstophefoundhissisterthere.Waiting=WhenIwaswaitingtoseethedoctorImetwithafriendofmine.Having=Whenwehavemadefullpreparationswearereadyforanexamination.Having=Whenhehadfinishedhishomeworkhewenttobed.Afterfinishinghishomeworkhewenttobed.Seen=Whenthetownisseenfromthehillthetownlooksmorebeautiful.Locked=Whenhewaslookedupintheroomhefoundhimselfisolatedfromtheouterworld.Whenaskedtomakeaspeechhesaidhewasgladtodoso.Oncerecoveredhewentallouttodohiswork..原因状语•不定式作原因状语往往用于形容词之后,这些形容词通常是happysorryfortunateangrygladashameddiscourageddelightedfrightenedshocked等分词作原因状语相当于原因状语从句一般位于句首Iamsorrytohearthatyouarenotwell.rmverysorrytohavekeptyouwaitingsolong.Wearegreatlydelightedtohaveanativeasourguide.Being=Sincehewasillalllastyearhelivedinasanatorium.Therebeingnoenoughmoneyhecouldn,Ibuythedictionarythathewanted.Having=Sincetheyhadbeenaskedtostaytheycouldn,tpossiblyleaverightaway.Moved二AshewasmovedbytheheroicdeedsofthePLAmanheburstintotears..条件状语通常用分词来表示,相当于条件状语从句一般位于句首Turning=Ifyouturntotheleftyouwillseethepostoffice.United=Ifweareunitedwestand;divided=ifwearedividedwefall.Given=Ifhehadbeengivenmoretimehewou1dbeabletodobetter..结果状语从句不定式作结果状语通常用于so+形容词或副词+astosuch+名词+astotoo…toenoughto和onlyto等结构现在分词作结果状语表示谓语动词的结果Hearrivedlatetofindthetraingone.IworkedlateintothenightonlytofindIhadnotfinishedhalfofthejob.Hewassofriendlyastobealwayshelpfultohisneighbours.HisissuchasadstoryastoarouseoutsympathyIranfasterthaneverreachingtheschoolyardquiteoutofbreath.Themandiedyoungleavingnothingbutdebt..让步状语通常有过去分词来表示,而且前面通常有表示让步意义的thoughoThoughwoundedthesoldiermanagedtogettothevi11agesafely.Thoughwarnedofthedangerhestillwentskatingonthethinice..伴随或方式状语分词作伴随状语通常位于句尾,表示谓语动词正在所处主动或被动的状态ChinesebusinessmentaxidriversandstudentstalkwiththemusingEnglish.Shecamerunningtowardsus.Theywalkedalongthestreetstalkingandlaughing.HewentintothehousefollowedbysomechiIdren.Hecontinuedtowalkupanddownlostinthought.dressup装扮playatrick/trickson=playajoke/jokeson开玩笑thearrivalof的回归gainindependence获得独立theagriculturalwork农活decorate•with用装饰winawards赢得奖品admirethemoon赏月admiresbforsth因为羡慕某人lookforwardtodoingsth期待做某事dayandnightR日夜夜colourfulclothingofallkinds各种各样的漂亮的衣服asthough/if好像becoveredwith被覆盖havefunwith取乐aworldwideholiday全世界的节日turnup/away/back/down/in/off/on/out/over/to出现/拒绝/原路返I可/关小,拒绝/上交/转变;关掉/打开/证明是;生产/翻转/转向;求助于inturn轮流/反过来taketurnstodosth/indoingsth轮流做某事dosthbyturns轮流干某事laughat嘲笑makefunof取笑keeponesword/promise守信用,履行诺言holdonesbreath屏住呼吸Itisobviousthat很明显wipethetable擦桌子fallinlovewithsb爱上某人beinlove相爱(与表示一段时间的动词连用)getmarried/bemarriedtosb/marrysb与某人结婚onceayear一年一次setoff出发setabout着手开始set…against把与比较/对比setback使……后退,阻碍,拨慢(钟表)setforward前进,促进,拨快(钟表)setdown写下setout动身,出发;摊开,陈列;表述(理由)throwaway扔掉remind…of使想起remindsbtodosth提醒某人干某事forgivesb原谅某人akindof+n.(s./pl.)+V(单)一种kindsof+n.(s./pl)+V(复)各种各样的holdback阻止,退缩holdonto抓住,不卖掉,不放弃holdon等一等,请稍等,坚持,忍受着holdup举起,拿起,延误,使停顿holdout伸出starvefor渴望,缺乏starvetodeath饿死importantreligiousfestival重耍的宗教性节Fllightlamps点灯apologizetosbfordoingsth因某事向某人道歉二saysorrytosbforsth=make/offeranapologizetosbfordoingsthapologizetosbforsb替某人向某人道歉高二英语知识点大全TheFrenchwriterJulesVernewrotefamousbookssuchas20000LeaguesUndertheSeaandAroundtheWorldin80days.法国作家儒勒?凡尔纳写了很多书籍,比如《海底两万里》和《八十天环游地球》lJulesVerne儒勒?凡尔纳法国科学幻想家和冒险小说家2suchas
①like;forexample像;诸如;例如eg:Wildflowerssuchasorchidsandprimrosesarebecomingrare.兰花和报春花之类的野花越来越少了©everythingthat凡是eg:Suchasremainsaftertaxwi11beyourswhenIdie.我死后全部财产除了交税以外全部给你3league[lig]n.
①formermeasureofdistanceabout3milesor
4.8km里格旧时长度单位,约3英里或
4.8公里eg:Thehorsecanrun50leaguesaday.这匹马一天能跑240公里
②groupofpeopleorcountriescombinedforaparticularpurpose联盟;同盟eg:TheLeagueofNationsisaninternationalorganization.国际联盟是一个国际组织Trythesmallsciencequizbelowtoseeifyouknowanybetter.试试下面的科学小测验,看看你是否了解得多些anybetter更好any[anl]adv.usedwithfasterslowerbetteretc.inquestionsandafterif/whether用于疑问句中,与fasterslowerbetter等连用;用于if/whether之后toanydegree;atall在任何程度上;丝毫eg:Icantrunanyfaster.我无法跑得更快了Isyourfatheranybetter你父亲有所好转了吗?Whatisthedistancefromtheearthtothemoon地球到月球的距离是多少?distance[dlstns]n.[CU]
①amountofspacebetweentwopointsorplaces距离;间距Agoodcyclistcancoveradistanceofoverahundredmilesaday.自行车骑得好的人一天可以行驶一百多英里
②distantplaceorpoint远处;远方eg:Atadistanceofsixmilesyoucantseemuch.距离六英里以外的东西很难看清atadistance稍远处,表示一定的距离,近距离或用以说明具体的距离,其不定冠词a有时可以略去或改用someeg:Thispicturelooksbetteratadistance.这幅画远看就好些inthedistancefaraway在较远处,强调距离之远eg:Theywereexpectingtoseeinthedistancesomesignsoftheenemy.他们期望着发现远处敌人的迹象keepsb.atadistance与某人保持一定距离;不愿与某人亲近eg:Healwayskeepsanyoneatadistance.他总是不愿与任何人亲近HowfastdoesaballoontravelHowaboutanairplaneHowaboutaspaceshuttle一只气球能走多快?一架飞机呢?还有一架航天飞机呢?ballon[blun]®n.brightly-colouredrubberbagthatisfilledwithairusedasachildstoyoradecoration用作玩具或装饰品的气球eg Theyboughttheirsonalotofballoonsyesterday.昨天他们给他们的儿子买了很多气球
②v.swelloutlikeaballoon如气球一般膨胀eg:Herskirtballoonedinthewind.她的裙子让风吹得鼓起来了
③goballooning乘气球eg:Theyliketogoballooningatweekends.他们周末喜欢乘气球玩2How/Whatabout••怎么样?常常用来打听消息或提出建议征求对方意见,后接名词,代词或动名词eg:HowaboutyourmotherDoesshefeelbettertoday你妈妈怎么样听?她今天觉得好点儿了吗?3spaceshuttle—spacecraftdesignedforrepeateduseegbetweenearthandaspacestationorthemoon航天飞机;太空穿梭机eg:Ihaveneverseenaspaceshuttle.我从未看见过航天飞机高二英语知识点总结.做主语一般来说,不定式和动名词成份相同时,表示客观性、一般性行为为多用动名词表示,而表示一次性、具体性行为则多用不定式Lookingafterchildrenisherjob.Tocleantheclassroomishisjobtoday..做宾语IlikeswimmingbutIdontliketoswimtodaybecauseIdon*tfeelwell..有些动词只能接不定式做宾语,这些动词接上不定式,含有明显的主观性和将来性意义如helphopeaskrefusedecidepromisewishpretendexpectarrange1earnplandemanddaremanageagreepreparefaildetermineofferchoosedesireelectlonghappenseem等等Herefusedtospeakontheradio.Hedesiredtoseeyou...有些动词只接动名词做宾语,这些动词接上动名词,含有明显的〃依据往事或经验来作出理解和判断〃的意思mindfinishenjoysuggestpermitappreciateconsidermissdislikekeeponavoidpermitimagineriskescapeadmitstand忍受,allowforbidexcuse等等短语动词:giveupputofflookforwardtofeellikeinsistonobjecttoprevent***fromsetaboutcan,thelpbe/getusedto等短语beworthdoingbenogooddoingbenousedoingbebusydoing等Themotherdidagreetolettheboyriskswimmingacrosstheriver.Shecan,tstandhavingnothingtodoathome.Hiswifedoesntallowsmokinginsidetheroomandoftenadvisedhimtogiveupsmoking.Allthefamilyinsistedonmystayingwiththemafewdayslonger.Itsnogoodlearningwithoutpracticing.rmlookingforwardtohearingfromyousoon.Shedoesn,tfeellikeeatinganythingbeingi11forafewdays..有些动词后面既可接不定式,又可接动名词,其意义基本相同,区别不大如;likelovehatedelaycontinueattempt企图,afford提供,preferomit省略,beginstart.TheEinsteinshowevercouldnotaffordtopayforor payingfortheadvancededucationthatyoungAlbertneeded.IpreferstayingtostayathomeonSunday.注意begin和start本身为进行时,或后面动词为心理变化意义的动词时,须接不定式Whenwecameintheywerebeginningtohavesupper.AfterhisexplanationIbegantounderstandit/realizethatIwaswrong..有些词后面既可以接不定式.亦可接动名词,但其意义有很大区别,须特别注意rememberforgetregret接动名词,表示完成意义=havingdone接不定式,表示将来意义PleaseremembertobringmethebookIwantnexttime.Irememberseeingher=havingseenhersomewherebefore.Dontforgettowritetomesoon.Ineverforgetvisiting=havingvisitedthemforthefirsttime.Iregretmissingthatgoodfilmlastweek.后悔干事Iregretnottakingnothavingtakenyouradvice.IregrettosayIcanttakeyouradvice.遗憾=besorrymean meantodo=wanttodo打算,想要;meandoing意味着,就是IamsorryIdidntmeantohurtyourfeelingsImeanttocallonyoubutIwassobusy.Learningaforeignlanguagedocsn,tmeanjustworkinginclass.stop stoptodo停下来,要干另一件事,不定式作目的状语;stopdoing停止干,动名词作宾语Aftersometimetheystoppedwalkingandhadarest.Afterwalkingsometimetheystoppedtohavearest.try trytodo努力,试图干事;trydoing试着干事Hesearchedeverywhereandtriedtofindhiskey.Hecametothecityfromthecountrysideandtriedtofindajob.Themotherisoutandtheboyhadtotrycookingforhimself.Theytriedtosucceedandtrieddoingtheirexperimentsagainandagain.wantneedrequire接动名词表示被动意义表示“需要、该;接不定式,表示〃想,要干……〃Theroomwantscleaning.Thebikerequiresrepairing.Theseyoungtreesrequirelookingafter.Thematterneedsthinkingover.=tobethoughtoverAMr.Wangwantstoseeyou.Youdontneedtoleavesoearly.goon goontodo继续干和原来不同的另一件事,不定式作目的状语goondoing继续干原来同一件事,动名词作宾语Afterasmokehewentontel1ingusthatinterestingstory.AfterwritinghisEnglishcompositionhewentontoworkouthismathsproblems.。