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2023年全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试试卷理工类B级第1部分词汇选项(第1・15题,每题1分,共15分)下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线,请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项Marshaconfessedthatsheknownothingofcomputer.AreportedBhopedCansweredDadmittedWeneedtoextracttherelevantfinancialdata.AstoreBsaveCreviewDobtainMr.Henleyhasacceleratedhissaleofsharesoverthepastyear.AheldBincreasedCexpectedDofferedThepolicebelievethemotiveforthemurderwasjealousy.AchoiceBideaCdecisionDreasonThehigh-speedtrainscanhavemajorimpactonourlivesAeffortBinfluenceCproblemDconcernHisshoeswereshinedtoperfection.AclearedBwashedCmendedDpolishedWeexploredthepossibilityofexpansionattheconference.AofferedBincludedCacceptedDinvestigatedThestudyalsonotesasteadydeclineinthenumberofcollegestudentstakingsciencecourses.AcontinuousBrelativeCgeneralDsharpAndersonleftthetableremarkingthathehadsomeworktodo.AsayingBdoubtingCthinkingDknowingWehavetoactwithintheexistinglegalframework.AlimitBsystemCprocedureDstatusShealwaysfindsfaultwitheverything.AsimplifiesBevaluatesCexaminesDcriticizesTheviewfrommybedroomwindowwasabsolutelyspectacular.AmagnificentBgeneralCtraditionalDstrongAtthattimewedidnotfullygraspthesignificanceofwhathadhappened.Aspartofthestudysome662highschoolteenagerscompletedupto20questionnairesabouttheiruseofcigarettesto55mood.SecondaryschoolswereselectedtoprovideamixofFrenchandEnglishparticipantsurbanandruralschoolsandschools56inhighmoderateandlowsocioeconomicneighbourhoods
6.Participantsweredividedintothree57:neversmokers;smokerswhodidnotusecigarettestoself-medicateimprovemoodorphysical58;smokerswhousedcigarettestoself-medicate.Depressivesymptomsweremeasuredusingascalethataskedhowfelttoofiredtodothings:had59goingtosleeporstayingasleep;feltunhappysad.ordepressed;felthopelessaboutthefuture;feltvexedantsyortense;andworriedtoomuchaboutthings.Smokerswhousedcigarettesasmood60hadhigherrisksofelevateddepressivesymptoms61teenswhohadneversmoked1saysco-researcherJenniferOLoughlinaprofessorattheUniversityofMontrealDepartmentofSocialandPreventiveMedicine.Ourstudyfoundthatteensmokerswhoreportedemotionalbenefitsfromsmokingare62higherriskofdepressivesymptoms.The63betweendepressionandsmokingexists64amongteensthatusecigarettestofeelbetter.1Itfs65toemphasizethatdepressivesymptomscores8werehigheramongteenagerswhoreportedemotionalbenefitsfromsmokingaftertheybegantosmoke“saysDr.Chaiton.AdiagnoseBincreaseCexamineDtreatAfinancialBmaterialCemotionalDpoliticalAWhateverBAlthoughCSinceDIfAroadBtermCjourneyDdistanceAaffectBjudgeCleadDstudyAlocatedBmovedCexposedDmixedAgroupsBsetsCspeciesDversionsAbeautyBstateCworldDactivityAtimeBcourageCtroubleDenergyAtellersBimproversCcreatorsDdesignersAnotBthanCbutDthatAatBinCaboutDwithoutAassociationBcooperationCdifferenceDagreementAprobablyBprincipallyCoccasionallyDscarcelyAimportantBmeaninglessCillogicalDfriendly参考答案第1部分词汇选项1A2D3B4D5C6D7C8A9A10B11D12A13B14C15D第2部分阅读推断16B17B18C19A20A21B22C第3部分概括大意与完成句子23F24C25E26D27F28A29C30B第4部分阅读理解31D32C33A34A35B36B37D38C39C40A41C42D43C44D45C第5部分补金短文46A47D48F49B50C第6部分完形填空51B52C53B54B55A56A57A58B59C60B61B62A63A64B65AAgiveBunderstandCattachDloseTheyconvertedthesparebedroomintoanoffice.AturnedBreducedCmovedDreformedJanesaidthatshecouldnttoleratethelonghours.AspendBtakeClastDstand第2部分阅读推断(第16-22题,每题1分,共7分)下面的短文后列出了7个句子,请依据短文的内容对每个句子做出推断假如该句供应的是正确信息,请选择A;假如该句供应的是错误信息,请选择B;假如该句的信息文中没有提及,请选择C.LakesTooFeelGlobalWarmingTheresnodoubt:InthelastfewdecadestheaveragetemperatureonEarthhasbeenhigherthanitsbeeninhundredsofyears.Aroundtheworldpeoplearestartingtomeasuretheeffectsofglobalwarming-andtryingtofigureoutwhattodoaboutit.Scientistsrecentlyusedsatellitestostudythetemperaturesoflakesaroundtheworldandtheyfoundthatlakesareheatingup.Between1985and2023satellitesrecordedthenighttimetemperaturesofthesurfacesof167lakes.Duringthose24yearsthelakesgotwarmer-byanaverageofabout
0.045degreeCelsiusperyear.Insomeplaceslakeshavebeenwarmingbyasmuchas
0.10degreeCelsiusperyear.AtthatratealakemaywarmbyafulldegreeCelsiusor
1.8degreesFahrenheitinjust10years.Thatdifferencemayseemsmall-youmightnotevennoticeitinyourbathtub.Butinalakeslightlywarmertemperaturescouldmeanmorealgaeandalgaecanmakethelakepoisonoustofish.Thestudyshowsthatinsomeregionslakesarewarmingfasterthantheairaroundthem.ThisisimportantbecausescientistsoftenusemeasurementsofairtemperaturetostudyhowtheEarthiswarming.Byusinglaketemperaturesaswellscientistscangetabetterpictureofglobalwarming.Thescientistssaydataonlakesgivescientistsanewwaytomeasuretheimpactofclimatechangearoundtheworld.Thatsgoingtobeusefulsincenocountryistoobigortoosmalltoignoreclimatechange.Scientistsarenttheonlyonesconcerned.EveryonewholivesonEarthisgoingtobeaffectedbytherapidwarmingoftheplanet.Manyworldleadersbelievewemightbeabletodosomethingaboutitespeciallybyreducingtheamountofgreenhousegasesweputintotheair.ThatswhytheUnitedNationsstartedtheFrameworkConventiononClimateChangeorUNFCCC.Everyyeartheconventionmeetsandrepresentativesfromcountriesaroundtheworldgathertotalkaboutclimatechangeanddiscussglobalsolutionstothechallengesofawarmingworld.Scientisthavebeenkeepingrecordsoflaketemperaturesforover30years.ARightBWrongCNotmentionedThetemperaturesoflakesaroundtheworldhaveincreasedgreatlybetween1985and
2023.ARightBWrongCNotmentionedLakesseemtobewarmingfasterinAsia.ARightBWrongCNotmentionedAslighttemperatureincreaseinalakecouldbeharmfultofish.ARightBWrongCNotmentionedScientistsgenerallyfocusonairtemperatureswhenstudyingglobalwarming.ARightBWrongCNotmentionedGloblewarmingislessthreateningtosmallcountries.ARightBWrongCNotmentionedUNFCCCsannualmeetingwillbeheldinMexicothisyear.ARightBWrongCNotmentioned第3部分概括大意与完成句子(第23〜30题,每题1分,共8分)下面的短文后有2项测试任务
(1)第23〜26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2〜5段每段选择1个最佳标题;
(2)第27〜30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项TheIPadTheIPadisatabletcomputer(平板电脑)designedanddevelopedbyApple.Itisparticularlymarketedasaplatformforaudioandvisualmediasuchasbooksperiodicals(期干Ll)moviesmusicandgamesaswellaswebcontent.Atabout
1.5pounds(680grams)itssizeandweightarebetweenthoseofmostcontemporarysmartphonesandlaptopcomputers.ApplereleasedtheIPadinApril2023andsold3millionofthedevicesin80days.TheIPadrunsthesameoperatingsystemasIPodTouchandIPhone.ItcanrunitsownapplicationsaswellasonesdevelopedforIPhone.WithoutmodificationitwillonlyrunprogramsapprovedbyAppleanddistributedviaitsonlinestore.LikeIPhoneandiPodTouchtheIPadiscontrolledbyamultitouchdisplay-abreakfrommostprevioustabletcomputerswhichusesapressure-triggeredstylus(触控笔).TheIPadusesaWi-Fidataconnectiontobrowse(阅读)theInternetloadandstreammediaandinstallsoftware.Somemodelsalsohavea3GwirelessdataconnectionwhichcanconnecttoGSM3Gdatanetworks.Thedevicesismanagedandsynchronized(同步)byITunesonapersonalcomputerviaUSBcable.AnIPadhasdifferentfeaturesandapplicationsonecanusetoexecutedifferentandinterestingthings.TherearelotsofIPadapplicationsthattheownercanusetoenhancethewaytheycommunicate.Someofthesearehowtousesocialnetworkingsitesandotheronlineoptions.Oneofthemostcommonusesisfore-mailservices.IPandapplicationslikeMarkdownMailallowtheadoptionofspecificandparticularoptions.Theyenabletheownertopersonalizetheiremailaccounts.WhiletheIPadismostlyusedbyconsumersitalsohasbeentakenupbybusinessusers.SomecompaniesareadoptingIPadsintheirbusinessofficesbydistributingormakingavailableIPadstoemployees.Examplesofusesintheworkplaceincludelawyersrespondingtoclientsmedicalprofessionalsaccessinghealthrecordsduringpatientexamsandmanagersapprovingemployeerequests.AsurveybyFrostSullivanshowsthatIPadusageinworkplacesislinkedtothegoalsofincreasedemployeesproductivityreducedpaperworkandincreasedrevenue.、Paragraph
2、Paragraph
325、Paragraph
426、Paragraph5AOnlinestoresBDifferencesfromIPhoneCDisplayanddataconnectionDBusinessusageEFeaturesandapplicationsFOperatingsystemInApril2023theIPaddevelopedbyApplewas.TheIPadwillonlyrunprogramsapprovedbyAppleifnot.IPadapplicationsenabletheownersemailaccountstobe.IPadusageinofficesenablesemployeeproductivitytobe.AmodifiedBreleasedCpersonalizedDbrowsedEdistributedFincreased第4部分阅读理解(第31〜45题,每题3分,共45分)下面有3篇短文,每篇短文后有5道题请依据短文回答其后面的问题,为每题确定一个最佳答案第一篇CellPhones:HangUporKeepTalkingMillionsofpeopleareusingcellphonestoday.Inmanyplacesitisactuallyconsideredunusualnottouseone.Inmanycountriescellphonesareverypopularwithyoungpeople.Theyfindthatthephonesaremorethanameansofcommunication-havingamobilephoneshowsthattheyarecoolandconnected.Theexplosionsaroundtheworldinmobilephoneusemakesomehealthprofessionalworried.Somedoctorsareconcernedthatinthefuturemanypeoplemaysufferhealthproblemsfromtheuseofmobilephones.InEnglandtherehasbeenaseriousdebateaboutthisissue.Mobilephonecompaniesareworriedaboutthenegativepublicityofsuchideas.Theysaythatthereisnoproofthatmobilephonesarebadforyourhealth.OntheotherhandwhydosomemedicalstudiesshowchangesinthebraincellsofsomepeoplewhousemobilephonesSignsofchangeintheissuesofthebrainandheadcanbedetectedwithmodernscanning(扫描)equipment.Inonecaseatravelingsalesmanhadtoretireatayoungagebecauseofseriousmemoryloss.Hecouldntrememberevensimpletasks.Hewouldoftenforgetthenameofhisownson.Thismanusedtotalkonhismobilephoneforaboutsixhoursadayeverydayofhisworkingweekforacoupleofyears.Hisfamilydoctorblamedhismobilephoneusebuthisemployersdoctordidntagree.WhatisitthatmakesmobilephonespotentiallyharmfulTheanswerisradiation.High-techmachinescandetectverysmallamountsofradiationfrommobilephones.Mobilephonecompaniesagreethatthereissomeradiationbuttheysaytheamountistoosmalltoworryabout.Asthediscussionabouttheirsafetycontinuesitappearsthatitsbesttousemobilephoneslessoften.Useyourregularphoneifyouwanttotalkforalongtime.Useyourmobilephoneonlywhenyoureallyneedit.Mobilephonescanbeveryusefulandconvenientespeciallyinemergencies.Inthefuturemobilephonesmayhaveawarninglabelthatsaystheyarebadforyourhealth.SofornowitswisenottouseyourmobilephonetoooftenPeoplebuycellphonesforthefollowingreasonsEXCEPTthatAtheyrepopularBtheyreusefulCtheyreconvenientDtheyrecheapTheworlddetectedinparagraph3couldbebestreplacedbyAcuredBremovedCdiscoveredDcausedThesalesmanretiredyoungbecauseAhecouldntremembersimpletasksBhedislikedusingmobilephonesChewastiredoftalkingonhismobilephoneDhisemployersdoctorpersuadedhimtoOnthesafetyissueofmobilephonesthemanufacturingcompaniesAholdthattheamountofradiationistoosmalltoworryaboutBdenytheexistenceofmobilephoneradiationCdevelopnewtechnologytoreducemobilephoneradiationDtrytoprovethatmobilephonesarenotharmfultohealthThewriterspurposeofwritingthisarticleistoadvisepeopleAtobuymobilephonesBtousemobilephoneslessoftenCtoupdateregularphonesDtostopusingmobilephones其次篇ThebookoflifeSofarscientistshavenamedabout
1.8millionlivingspecies(物种)andthatsajustasmallpartofwhatprobablyexistsonEarth.Withsomanyplantsanimalsandothercreaturescovetingtheplanetitcanbetoughtofigureoutwhattypeofspiderismovingupyourlegorwhatkindofbirdisflyingby.Asoon-to-be-startedWebsitemighthelp.AninternationalteamofresearchershasannouncedthecreationofWeb-basedEncyclopedia(百科全书)oflife(EOL).TheprojectaimstocatalogeveryspeciesonEarthinasingleeasy-to-usereferenceguide.Togettheencyclopediastartedthecreatorswilluseinformationfromscientificdatabases(数据库)thatalreadyexist.Andeventuallyinspecialsectionsofthesitenonscientistwithspecialized(特地的)knowledgewillgettojoinin.Bird-watchersforexamplewillbeabletoinputwhichbirdstheyveseenandwhere.Thetechnologyforthiskindoftoolhasonlybecomeavailable.AstheEOLdevelopsyoumightfinditusefulforschoolprojects.Thesitewillfeaturespecialpagesforkidswhoarestudyingecosystems(生态系统)intheirneighborhoods.Tomakesuretheencyclopediaisaccuratescientistswillreviewmuchoftheinformationaddedtoit.Peoplewhovisitthesitewillbeabletochoosetoleaveoutpagesthathaventbeenreviewed.AnotherconvenientfeatureoftheEOListhatyoullbeabletopickthelevelofdetailyouwanttoseetomatchyourinterestageandknowledge.Ifyouwantedtolearnaboutbearsforascienceclassreportforexampleyoucouldusethenovicesettingtogetbasicinformationabouttheanimals.Ontheexpertsettingontheotherhandyoucouldgetmuchmoredetailedinformationaboutthehistoryliteratureandexplorationofbears.Itnowtakesyearsforscientiststocollectallthedatatheyneedtodescribeandanalyzespecies.ThecreatorsoftheEncyclopediaofLifehopethattheirnewtoolwillspeedupthatprocess.SpiderandbirdmentionedinParagraph1areexamplestoillustrateAtherearenumerouslivingspeciesonEarth.Banimalsarepeoplesfriends.Citiseasytoseespidersandbirds.Dtherearemanytypesofspidersandbirds.ThegoalofthecreationoftheEOListoAcollectenoughdatatoanalyzethelivingsepeciesonEarth.BenlargeanexistingWebsiteofthelivingsepeciesonEarth.CaddnewinformationtotheexistingdatabasesofthelivingspeciesonEarth.Dworkoutaneasy-to-usecatalogofeverylivingspeciesonEarth.AtthestartingstagetheEOLwillgetinformationfromAalltheWebsitesavailable.Bdatabasesbuiltupbyitscreators.Ctheexistingscientificdatabases.Dnonscientistswithspecializedknowledge.ThewordnoviceinParagraph5couldbebestreplacedbyAscientist.Bcreator.CbeginnerDexpert.WhichofthefollowingstatementisNOTtrueAscientistwillrevieweverypieceofinformationaddedtoEOLBTheEOLwillbebeneficialtoschoolkidswithitsdevelopment.CScientistshavecatalogedonlyasmallpartofthelivingspeciesonEarth.DPeoplewithdifferentinterestsandknowledgewillinawayfindtheEOLuseful.第三篇LongerLivesforWildElephantsMostpeoplethinkofzoosassafeplacesforanimalswherestrugglessuchasdifficultyfindingfoodandavoidingpredators(猛兽)dontexist.Withoutsuchproblemsanimalsinzoosshouldlivetoaripe(成熟的)oldagel.ButthatmaynotbetrueforthelargestlandanimalsonEarth.Scientistshaveknownthatelephantsinzoosoftensufferfrompoorhealth.Theydevelopdiseasesjointproblemsandbehaviorchanges.Sometimestheyevenbecomeinfertileorunabletohavebabies.Tolearnmoreabouthowcaptivity(圈养)affectselephantsateamofinternationalscientistscomparedthelifespansoffemaleelephantsborninzooswithfemaleelephantslivingoutdoorsintheirnativelands.Zooskeepdetailedrecordsofalltheanimalsintheircaredocumentingfactorssuchasbirthdatesillnessesweightanddeath.Theserecordsmadeitpossibleformeresearcherstoanalyze40yearsofdataon800AfricanandAsianelephantsinzoosacrossEurope.Thescientistscomparedthelifespansofthezoo-bornelephantswiththelifespansofthousandsoffemalewildelephantsinAfricaandAsianelephantsthatworkinloggingcamps(伐木场)overapproximatelythesametimeperiod.TheteamfoundthatfemaleAfricanelephantsborninzooslivedanaverageof
16.9years.Theirwildcounterpartswhodiedofnaturalcauseslivedanaverageof56years-morethanthreetimesaslong.FemaleAsianelephantsfollowedasimilarpattern.Inzoostheylived
18.9yearswhilethoseintheloggingcampslived
41.7years.Scientistsdontyetknowwhywildelephantsseemtofaresomuchbetterthantheirzoo-raisedcounterparts.GeorgiaMasonabiologistattheUniversityofGuelphinCanadawholedthestudythinksstressandobesity(月已胖症)maybetoblame.Zooelephantsdontgetthesamekindofexercisetheywouldinthewildandmostareveryfat.Elephantsociallivesarealsomuchdifferentinzoosthaninthewildwheretheyliveinlargeherdsandfamilygroups.Thestudyraisessomequestionsaboutacquiringmoreelephantstokeepinzoos.Whilesomethreatenedandendangeredspecieslivinginzoosreproduce(生殖)successfullyandmaintainhealthypopulationsthatdoesntappeartobethecasewithelephants.Unlikeotheranimalsinzooszoo-raisedelephantsAlivealonglifeBgivebirthtomanybabiesCdeveloppoorhealthDhavedifficultygettingfoodWhichofthefollowingabouttheinternationalscientists*studyisNOTtrueATheycomparedzooelephantswithwildelephants.BTheyanalyzedtherecordsoftheelephantskeptinzoos.CThezoo-bornelephantstheystudiedarekeptinEuropeanzoos.DTheykeptdetailedrecordsofalltheelephantsintheircare.Itwasfoundthatcomparedwithfemalewildelephantsfemalezoo-bornelephantsAlivedlonger.Bgrewupfaster.Cdiedmuchearlier.Denjoyedthesamelifespans.OneofthepossiblereasonsfortheZoo-raisedelephantsproblemsisthatAtheydonotgetenoughexercise.Btheydotoomuchexercise.Ctheyliveinlargeherds.Dtheydonotliveinfamilygroups.ItcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthatAZoo-bornelephantsshouldbelookedaftermorecarefully.BZoosshouldkeepmoreanimalsexceptelephants.CItmaynotbeawisepolicytokeepelephantsinthezoo.DElephantsarenolongeranendangeredspecies.第5部分补全短文(第46・50题,每题2分,共10分)下面的短文有5处空白;短文后有6个句子,其中5个取自短文,请依据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置,以复原文章原貌FlyingintoHistoryWhenyouturnonthetelevisionorreadamagazinecelebrities(名人)areeverywhere.Althoughfameandthemediaplaysuchmajorrolesinourlivestodayithasnotalwaysbeenthatway.
(46)ManyhistoriansagreethatCharlesLindberghwasoneofthefirstmajorcelebritiesorsuperstars.LindberghwasborninDetroitMichiganin1902buthegrewupinLittleFallsMinnesota.Asachildhewasveryinterestedinhowthingsworkedsowhenhereachedcollegehepursuedadegreeinengineering.Attheageof20howevertheallure诱惑offlyingcapturedLindberghsimagination.47SoonafterLindberghboughthisownplaneandtraveledacrossthenationperformingaerialstunts空中绝技.In1924Lindberghbecamemoreseriousaboutflying.HejoinedtheUnitedStatesmilitaryandgraduatedfirstinhispilotclass.48DuringthesametimeawealthyhotelownernamedRaymondOrteigwasofferingagenerousawardtothefirstpilotwhocouldflynonstopfromNewYorkCitytoParisFrance.TheOrteigPrizewasworth$25OOO-alargeamountevenbytodaysstandards.Lindberghknewhehadtheskillstocompletetheflightbutnotjustanyplanewascapableofflyingthatfarforthatlong.49OnMay201927CharlesLindberghtookofffromRooseveltFieldinNewYorkCityandarrivedthenextdayatanairstrip简易机场outsideParis.NamedinhonorofthesponsorTheSpiritofSt.LouiscarriedLindberghacrosstheAtlanticOceanandintotherecordbooks.Hebecameanationalheroandahugecelebrity.WhenhereturnedtotheUnitedStatesLindberghrodeinaticker-tape热情的paradeheldtocelebratehisaccomplishmentwasevennamedforCharlesLindbergh-thekeptattheSmithsonianInstitutesNationalAir50AverypopulardanceLindyHop.TodayTheSpiritofSt.LouisisandSpaceMuseuminWashingtonD.C.AEightyyears*agoradioandmovieswerejustbeginningtohavethatkindofeffectonAmericans.BWorkingwithanaviationcompanyfromSanDiegoCaliforniaandwithfinancialhelpfromthecityofSt.LouisLindberghgotacustomized定制的airplanethatcouldmakethejourney.CHealsoreceivedaMedalofHonorthehighestUnitedStatesmilitarydecoration.DHequitschoolandmovedtoNebraskawherehe-learnedtobeapilot.EHischildhoodwasnotfulloffondmemories.FLindberghusedthisadditionaltrainingtogetajobasanairmailpilotflyingoutofStLouisMissouri.第6部分完形填空第51-65题,每题1分,共15分下面的短文有15处空白,请依据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项SmokingCanIncreaseDepressiveSymptomsinTeensWhilesometeenagersmaypuffoncigarettestoHself-medicatenagainstthebluesscientistsattheUniversityofToronto1andtheUniversityofMontrealhavefoundthatsmokingmayactually51depressivesymptomsinsometeens.“Thisobservationalstudyisoneofthefewtoexaminetheperceived52benefitsofsmokingamongteensHsaysleadresearcherMichaelChaitonaresearchassociateattheOntarioTobaccoResearchUnitoftheUniversityofToronto.*53cigarettesmayappeartohaveself-medicatingeffectsortoimprovemoodinthelong54wefoundthatteenswhostartedtosmokereported5higherdepressivesymptoms.。