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小升初英语语法知识点归纳必背知识点时态
1.一般现在时1表示经常发生的动作或事情,通常用“usually通常,often常常,every…每…sometimes有时,always总是,”等词2基本结构主语I/You/We/They/He/She/It肯定句主语+动词原形或动词第三人称单数形式否定句主语+dor/t+动词原形或者doesrft+动原一般疑问句Yes/NoDo***YesIdo.NoIdont.Does…动词原形…Yeshe/shedoes.Nohe/shedoesnt.特殊疑问句Whatdo•••Howdoesshe…动词原形…?3动词第三人称单数形式同名词单数变成复数方法相同.一般情况+s如:walk-walks.辅音字母+y结尾去y+iesfly-flies.结尾是sxshch+eswatch-watches.结尾是0+esdo-doesgo-goes.特殊have-has.现在进行时1表示正在发生的动作,通常用“now现在look看,linsen听”.2基本形式:be+动词-ingeg:Iamnotdoingmyhomework.You/We/Theyarenotreading.He/She/Itisnoteating.WhatareyoudoingIshereading3动词的现在分词形式动词+ing一般情况+ingwalk—walking结尾是不发音的e-e+ingcome一coming重读闭音节双写最后一个字母+ingswim-swimmingrun-running.一般过去时1表示过去已经发生的事情通常用“last…上一个…,justnow刚才,manyyearsago许多年前,yesterday昨天”等词be动词的过去式am/is-wasare-were3过去式基本结构肯定句主语+动词过去式Iwentshoppinglastnight.否定句主语+didnt+动词原形Ididntgoshoppinglastnight.一般疑问句句es/NoDid…+动词原形…Didyougoshoppinglastnight特殊疑问句wh-Whatdid…+动词原形…?Whatdidyoudolastnight4动词过去式的变化规则动词的变化⑴一般动词+edplantedwateredclimbed2以不发音的e结尾+dlikedtied3辅音字母加y结尾-y+iedstudy—studiedcry-cried4重读闭音节单词,末尾只有一个辅音字双写最后一个字母+edplan-plannedstop-stopped.一般将来时一般将来时表示将来打算做的事或将要发生的事情常常与tomorrownextSunday等时间状语连用结构:begoingto+动词原形或will+动词原形例如Imgoingtovisitmygrandpanextweek.(注:介词,动词后面跟宾格后面没有名词时用名词性物主代词)
1.一般名词+sbook-books2•辅音字母加y结尾-y+ies.story—stories3•以sxshch结尾+esglass-glasses;awatch-watches以结尾1有生命的+espotato-potatoes非绝对2无生命的+sphoto-photoes非绝对.以f或fe结尾-f或fe变为vesknife-knives;shelf-shelves.特殊的名词复数man-menwoman-womenpoliceman-polieemenpolicewoman-po1icewomenmouse-micechild-chi1drenfoot-feettooth-teethleaf-leavesChinese-Chinesebreadricewaterjuicemilkteacoffee...缩写形式hes=heishasnt=hehasgotits=itiswhos=whoiscant=cannotisnt=isnotdidnt=didnotwerent=werenotwasnt=wasnotlets=letusI11=1willa.an.the的用法.单词的第一读音是辅音读音:abookapeacha“U”单词的第一个读音是元音读音anegganhouranF”.the要注意的:球类前面不加theplayfootball乐器前面要加theplaythepiano序数词前面要加thethesecond介词.表示方位onininfrontofbetweennexttonearbesideatbehind.under.表示时间lat:几点前面用at如atsixoclock没有day的节日前用at如:atChristmas固定词组attheweekendsatnight2on:用于星期,日期,某一天的上午、下午、晚上指具体的某一天时onSunday在星期天onSundaymorning在星期天的上午onMarch8在3月8日;带有Day的节日前用on如onNationalDay3in:早晨,中午,晚上前用in:inthemorningintheafternoonintheevening月份前用in,如inDecember;季节前用in,如winter;年份前用in如in1999基数词变成序数词的方法.直接在基数词词尾加上th如seventh第七,tenth第十,thirteenth第十三,.以y结尾的基数词,变y为i再加上eth如twentieth第二十.不规则的如first第一,second第二,third第三,fifth第五,eighth第八,ninth第九twelfth第十二.有两个或以上单词组成的基数词只改最后一个单词如twenty-first第二十一some/any的用法.肯定句中用some:Ihavesometoysinmybedroom..问句和否定句中用any:DoyouhaveanybrothersorsistersHehasntgotanypencilsinhispencil-case..询问想要什么时用some WouldyoulikesomejuiceCanIhavesomestampstherebe结构.肯定句有…Thereis+单数或不可数名词Thereare+复数注:遵循就近原则看靠therebe最近的.一般疑问句有…吗:Isthere•••Yesthereis./Nothereisnt.Arethere***Yesthereare./Notherearent..否定句没有:Thereisnt・•・・Therearent・・・・.therebe句型与havehas的区别therebe表示在某地有某物或人;havehas表示某人拥有某物祈使句Sitdownplease.Dontopenthedoorplease.Letsgotothepark.(注:祈使句中动词用原形)(情态)动词canmaymustshouldwill后面直接用动词原形I/He/She/Theycansing.MayIcomeinImustgonow.Youshouldbequietinthelibrary...You’11begoodfriends.特殊疑问句What什么(问什么事什么物或什么工作等)WhatareyoudoingImreading.WhatdidyoudoyesterdayIplayedbasketball.WhatareyougoingtodoImgoingtodohomework.WhatisthatItsabook.Whatdoeshe/shedoShesanurse.WhattimeisitItsseven.Whatcolour问颜色WhatcolourisyourcoatItsred.when什么时候WhendoyougetupIgetupatsixthirty.WhenisyourbirthdayItsonthe21stofDecember.Which哪一^fWhichisyourwatchtheyellowoneorthewhiteoneTheyellowismine.5・Who谁WhoisthemanwithabignoseHesmyuncle.Whose谁的WhosebagisitItshisbag.Where哪里WhereismypenItsunderthebook.Why为什么WhydoyoulikesummerBecause・・・Howmany多少HowmanybooksarethereintheschoolbagTherearefourbooksintheschoolbag.Howold几岁HowoldistheyoungmanHesnineteen.Howmuch多少钱HowmuchisthetoybearTtselevenyuan.How怎么样(Howlong/big/tall)HowdoyougotoschooleverydayIgotoschoolbycar.HowlongistheriverIts10mileslong.人称代词主格I宾格me形容词性物主代词weyouhesheittheyusyouhimheritthemmyour名词性物主代词mineoursyourhisheritstheiryourshishersitstheris可数名词的复数形式不可数名词(没有复数形式)Fm=Iamyoure=youareshes=sheis。