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初二英语上册知识点UnitlWheredidyougoonvacation【重点语法】不定代词不指名代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词用法注意.some和any+可数名/不可数名some多用于肯定句,any多用于否定句、疑问句和条件从句有些问句中用some不用any问话者希望得到对方肯定回答.由someanynoevery与bodyonething构成的复合不定代词作主语时,其谓语动词用三单.不定代词若有定语修饰,该定语要置于其后如somethinginteresting【重点短语】buysthforab./buysb.sth为某人买某物taste+adj.尝起来nothing...but+V.(原形)除了……之外什么都没有seem+tobe+adj看起来.形容词和副词的比较等级1形容词和副词的原形就是原级2比较级,表示较……或更......3最级,表小最….比较级句型1A+be动词+形容词的比较级+than+BA比B更……注意A与B必须是同级的,即必须是人与人,物与物进行对比2A+实意动词+副词比较级+than+B表示A比B...”3比较AB两人/两事物问其中哪一个较……时用句型Who/which+谓语动词+adj./adv.比较级AorBVWhoisthinnerJennyorMary.比较级的特殊用法1比较级+and+比较级,意为越来越多音节比较级用moreandmore+原级2the+比较级…the+比较级…意思是越…越…Themorethebetter.3主+is+the形容词比较级+ofthetwo+名复〃主语是两者中较……的〃.两者在某一方面相同A+谓语动词/be动词+as+adj./adv.原级+as+B.HelenisastallasAmy.PeterstudiesashardasTom.表示两者在某一方面不及另一方时,用notas/so+形容词或副词原级+asIamnotastallasmysister..形容词,副词比较级前的修饰语当需要表示一方超过另一方的程度时,可以用muchalotalittleabit等来修饰形容词比较级注意比较级不能用verysotooquite等修饰【重点短语】moreoutgoing更外向/更开朗as.・・as・••与一样thesingingcompetition歌咏比赛themostimportant最重要的betalentedinmusic在音乐方面有天赋careabout关心/留意/关注bedifferentfrom与不同belikeamirror像一面镜子aslongas只要;与……一样长bringout显示/显出getbettergrades取得更好的成绩reachfor伸手达到/达到touchonesheart感动infact事实上makefriends交月月友begoodat在某方面成绩好theother另一个besimilarto与…相似begoodwith与…和睦相处havefundoingsth做某事很开心dothesamethingsasme.做和我一样的事情Itzs+adj+(forsb.)todosth.〃做某事(对某人来说)是…的〃makefriendswithsb.与某人交朋友aslongas只要;既然,引导条件状语从句【词语辨析】begoodat=dowellin其后可接名词、代词或动名词,表示擅长.…careabout关心carefor关爱takecare(当/小心)takecareof(照顾)=lookaftermakesb.dosth.:让(使)某人做某事(make后跟不带t的不定式)Hisfatheralwaysmakemegetupbeforefiveoclock.makesb.+形容词使某人保持某种状态Myfriendsalwaysmakemehappy.belike〃就像…Iamlikeyoursister.looklike〃外貌上的像〃Ilooklikemysister.Thatswhy+句子那就是…的原因/那就是为什么…ThatswhyIstudyEnglishhard.那就是我努力学习英语的原因bedifferentfrom与不同反:bethesameas与相同though
①adv.不过;可是;然而(句末补充说明使语气减弱)
②conj.虽然;尽管二although与but不能同时用在一个句子中Hesaidhewouldcome.Hedidntthough.他说他要来,可是并没有来Though/Althoughhehasbeendeadformanyyearsmanypeoplestillrememberhim.尽管他已经去世很多年了,但很多人仍然记得他getbettergrades取得更好的成绩does(助动词do/did)为了避免重复,可代替上文出现过的实意动词begoodwithsb.与某人相处得好Unit4Whatsthebestmovietheater【重点语法】.形容词最高级用于三者或三者以上的人或事物相比较标志词表比较范围时用in/of形容词最高级前须加定冠词the副词最高级前可省略the.表示三者或以上中最……的”的句型A+be+the形容词最高级+表示范围in/of介词短语A+实意动词+the副词最高级+表示范围的of/in介词短语.常用句式Who/Which...+最高级…,ABorConeof+the+形容词最高级+名词复数形式,意为最…之一3序数词后跟形容词最高级【重点短语】sofar到目前为止,迄今为止noproblem没什么,别客气have....incommon有相同特征(想法、兴趣等方面)相同beupto由.・・・・・决定/是・・・・・・的职责allkindsof...各种各样的playaroleindoingsth./sth.发挥作用有影响makeup编造(故事、谎言等)forexample=e.g.例如take.•…seriously认真对待noteverybody并不是每个人closeto离近moreandmore越来越【词语辨析】Howdoyoulike+名/代/V-ing二Whatdoyouthinkof:〃你认为…怎么样?Thanksfor=Thankyoufor+名/代/V-ing:感谢…〃Yourewelcome.=Notatall.不客气talentshow才艺表演talentedadj.有天赋的betalentedin在方面有天赋begoodat擅长・..二dowellin反义短语bepoor/weakin在…方面薄弱begoodfor对……有益后跟人或事物;其反义短语是bebadforbegoodto对……好和善;慈爰相当于befriendlyto后面通常接人allkindsof各种各样的differentkindsof不同种类的akindof一种*kindof有点+adj.:kindofboring/fat/thinwinvt.赢得+奖品winnern.赢者watchsb.dosth.观看某人做了某事watchdoingsth.观看某人正在做某事举例suchas常列举几个例子,不能穷尽,可和andsoon(等等)连用;like可和suchas互换;forexample一般只列举一个,作插入语用逗号隔开,可置于句首/句中/句末Unit5Doyouwanttowatchagameshow【重点语法】.询问某人对某物的观点及看法Whatdoyouthinkof...=Howdoyoulike....描述喜好Ilove/like/dontmind/dislike/can7tstand....复习巩固一般现在时态主语+V+其他;主语(三单)+V(三单)+其他)【重点短语】findout查出/发现bereadytodo准备做・・・dressup打扮/化妆成takeonesplace代替某人doagoodjob干的好/表演的出色gameshow游戏节目learnfrom向学习talkshow访谈节目soapopera肥皂剧goon继续watchamovie看电影oneof...其中之一tryonesbestto=doonesbestto竭尽全力apairof—双asfamousas一样闻名/出名looklike看起来像aroundtheworld世界各地haveadiscussionabout讨论oneday有一天/某一天arrivein+大地方/arriveat+小地方到达某地decidetodosth.决定做某事trydoingsth.尝试做某事/trytodosth.尽力做某事enjoydoingsth.喜欢做某事wanttodosth.想去做某事startdoingsth.开始做某事二begindoingsth.stopdoingsth.停止做某事区分stoptodosth.停下来去做某事dislikedoingsth.不喜欢做某事
14.so+adj+that+从句如此……以至于……tellsb.nottodosth.告诉某人不要做某事keepdoingsth.继续做某事forgettodosth.忘记去做某事/forgetdoingsth忘记做过某事【词语辨析】
1.takeaphoto/takephotos拍照quiteafew+名词复数〃许多…〃asymbolof一个象征/标志somethingenjoyable快乐的事情interestinginformation有趣的信息【词语辨析】want+n想要wanttodosth想要做某事wantsbtodosth想让某人做某事……mind介意,其后+名词/代词/V-ingstand〃站,站立e.g.Standup!起立2)忍受侈用于否定句、疑问句),后可+名/代/V-ingplanvt.vi.计划打算plantodosth.plan还可作名词,如makeplans制定计划5・v.discuss(讨论)+ion-n.discussionhadadiscussionaboutsth.对某事进行讨论happenv.发生;出现sth+happenstosb/7或sthhappened+时间/地点”句式情态动词may语气弱于can意为可能might表推测,语气最弱,意为可能may/mightnot表示否定推测时语气最弱,意为可能不Theymaynotbeveryexciting.它们可能不是那么令人兴奋expecttodosth.期盼做某事hopetodosth:希望干某事很多动词后面都可以跟动词不定式作宾语,如wantlikehopewishlearnstartbeginprefertryaskbefamousas作为而出名befamousforsth.因为而出名oneof...后跟可数名词复数,表示…之一其后的谓语动词用单数OneofmyfavoritemoviesisMr.Bean.我最喜欢的电影之一是憨豆先生shown节目TVshows/talentshows;v.展示showsth.tosb.二showsb.sth.Unit6rmgoingtostudycomputerscience.【重点词语/短语用法解析】wanttobe/become+职业名词〃想要成为..…〃IwanttobebeascientistwhenIgrowup.writestories写故事tellstories讲故事keepondoingsth.继续做某事表动作的反复keepingdoingsth.保持做某事表动作或状态的持续besureabout+名/代/V-ing〃肯定〃Areyousureaboutthatmakesurethat+从句”……确保……〃Makesurethatbothdoorsareclosedwhenyougoout.learnsth.WemustlearnEnglisheveryday.learntodosth.Iamgoingtolearntoplayplaythepiano.discussv.讨论;商量名词是discussiondiscusswithsb.与某人讨论:Discussthisquestionwithyourpartner.Letsdiscussthisproblem.让我们讨论一下这个问题Allweneednowisactionnotdiscussion.我们现在需要的是行动不是讨论beabletodosth.能够做某事lcan:can+动词原形,无人称和数的变化只能用于一般现在时和一般过去时,不能用于将来时beableto+动词原形,有人称和数的变化,可用于多种时态can常指客观上能够;beableto更侧重于经过努力、克服一定困难有能力做成某事Hewillbeableto能够speakEnglishnextyear.在此不能填canpromisen.承诺;诺言v.许诺;承诺;答应makeapromisetosb对某人许下诺言keepapromise遵守诺言breakapromise违背诺言promisesbtodosth.许诺某人干某事promisesb+that从句Hepromisedtohelpme.他许诺过要帮助我IpromisedthatIstudyhardfromnowon.我承诺从现在起努力学习havetodowith关于;与……有关系Thebookhastodowithcomputers.那本书与计算机有关takeupsth./doingsth.尤指为消遣学着做;开始做Iamgoingtotakeupcookingnextyear.B月年我外务要学煮饭Sometimestheresolutionsmaybetoodifficulttokeep.too+形容词/副词to+动词原形,表示太……而不能……如Thekidistooyoungtoplaythisgame.这个小孩太小,不能玩这个游戏onesown+名词某人自己的东西,强调某物为个人所有myownbook我自己的书本【重点语法】一般将来时“am/is/aregoingto+动词原形”结构.基本形式否定式am/is/arenotgoingto+动词原形一般疑问式am/is/are+主语+goingto+动词原形+其他?特殊疑问式特殊疑问词+一般疑问式?HeisgoingtospendhisholidaysinLondon.他打算在伦敦度假Lookatthedarkclouds.Thereisgoingtobeastorm.看月B乌云J快要下了©Ishegoingtocollectanydataforus他会帮我们收集数据吗Whatareyougoingtodotomorrow明天你打算作什么?.基本用法1表示事先经过考虑、安排好打算、计划要做某事DadandIaregoingtowatchanoperathisafternoon.今天下午我和爸爸打算去看歌剧2表示根据目前某种迹象判断,某事非常有可能发生,表示推测Look!Therecomethedarkclouds.Itisgoingtorain.瞧!乌云密集天要下雨了Unit7Willpeoplehaverobots【重点词语/短语用法解析】many+可数名词许多......much+不可数名词许多......livetobe+基数词+yearsold〃活到……岁〃beingreatdanger处在极大的危险中playapartin+名/代/V-ing.参与某事/做某事Everyoneshouldplayapartinsavingtheearth.help(sb.)withsth.帮助(某人)做某事HeoftenhelpsmewithmyEnglishhelpsb.(to)dosth.帮助(某人)做HeoftenhelpsmestudyEnglish.helponeself(to)自用(食物等)Helpyourselftothefish.请随便吃鱼thesameas...和一样……反义短语bedifferentfromIttakes/took/willtakesb.sometimetodosth.某人花了时间做某事(时态根据具体情况决定)Ittakesmeanhourtogettomyofficespendtime/moneyonsth.在上花费时间(金钱)sb.spendtime/money(in)doingsth.花费时间(金钱)做某事Ispenttwohoursonthismathproblem.这道数学题花了我个小时Theyspenttwoyearsbuildingthisbridge.造这座桥花了他们两年时间hundredsof+名词复数许多/大量……数词+hundred+名词复数几百......类似的数词还有thousand(千),million(万)Therearefourhundredstudentsinourgrade.TherearehundredsoftouristsinBeijingeveryyear.during在..•期I诃duringthevacation/thedaytime/theweekendthemeaningof的意思CanyoutellmethemeaningofthewordsUnit8Howdoyoumakeabananamilkshake【重点词语/短语用法解析】l.cut是切,害『的意思,过去式为cutcutup意为〃切碎“Cutupthebananas.=Cutthebananasup.Cutit/themup.turnon打开,接通(电流、煤气、水等)turnoff关掉,截断(电流、煤气、水等)turnup开大,调高(音量、热量等)turndown调低关小(音量、热量等)onemorething另外一件事情anothertenminutes再多十分钟数字+more+物品指另外的……another+数字+物品指另外的……当数字为one时常与more连用或只用anotheroGivemetwomorehamburgersanothertwohamburgersforgettodosth.忘记(去)做某事forgetdoingsth.忘记已做过某事It;satime(forsb).todosth.该是(某人)做某事的时期了Itstime(forsb.)todosth.=Itstimeforsth.该是(某人)做某事的时间了ItsatimeforyoutostudyEnglish.Itstimeforustogotoschool.(Itzstimeforschool.)givethanksfor+名/代V-ing〃感恩・・・・・.〃Weshouldgivethanksforourparents.Hegavethanksforlifeandfood.MostAmericansstillcelebratethisideasofgivingthanksbyhavingabigmeal.by+sth./doing:1)以方式IstudyEnglishbylisteningtoEnglishsongs.2)在的旁边Iamsittingbythepool.3)在之前Ihavetogotoschoolby8:
00.4)搭乘Igotoschoolbybus.Hereis+名单(宾语)〃这是…〃是倒装句Hereisaphotoofmyfamily.Hereare+名复HerearesomeEnglishbooks.当宾语是代词时,要用顺装如Hereyouare.(对)Hereareyou.(错)fillsth.withsth.用……把……装满(强调动作)befullof〃装满…〃(强调状态)1filledthecupwiththemilk.Thecupisfullofthemilk.put…in(into)…把・.•…放到・・・・・・里cover...with...用覆盖cut...into把……切成…Cuttheappleintofourpieces.cutup...切碎servev.月员务n.serviceserve+名/代〃提供・・.〃Theshopservesnicefood.servesb.sth.=servesth.tosb.Serveittoyourfriendswithsomevegetables.servesb.withsth.〃用某物招彳寺某人Servetheguestswithsometea.Unit9Canyoucometomyparty【重点词语/短语用法解析】
1.one…another…表示不确定数目中的另一个one…theother...表示两者中的另——个Idontlikethisonecanyoushowmeanother1havetwobrothers.Oneisalawyerandtheotherisamanager.some...others...表示没有范围限定的〃一些……另一些……〃some…theothers...表示某一范围的〃一些・・・・・・其余的・・・・・・〃Somegotoschoolbybikeandothersgotoschoolbybus.Somegotoschoolbybikeandtheothersgotoschoolbybus.invitev.邀请n.invitationinvitesb.todosth.邀请某人干某事invitesb.to+地点名词1)Mr.Greeninvitedmetovisithisfactorylastweek.2)Thanksalotforyourinvitation3)Thanksforinvitingmetoyourparty.
(1)Whatsthedatetoday意为〃今天是几月几号?〃Its+月+日
(2)Whatdayisittoday意为〃今天是星期几?〃Its+星期几一Whatsthedate—ItsSeptember10th.—Whatdayisittoday—ItsWednesday.havealesson(class)上课haveanEnglishlessonpreparev.准备n.preparationpreparesth.〃准备某物〃1所准备的东西就是后面的宾语prepareforsth.〃为……做准备,指为后面的宾语做准备preparetodosth.准备做某事bring…to...带来把某物从别的地方带到说话人的地方take」…带去把某物从说话的地方带到别处去(两者方向相反)Bringyourhomeworkhereandtakethebookaway.把你的作业拿过来,把这本书带走without(介词)没有反义词:with〃具有〃Wecantlivewithoutwater.Janeisabeautifulgirlwithlonghair.sothat+从句以便于;目的是IstudyhardsothatIcangetgoodgrades.surprisen.惊奇surprisedadj.感到惊奇的(指人)surprisingadj.令人惊奇的(指物)besurprisedatsth.〃惊奇于某事〃toonessurprise“令某人惊奇的是
①Fmsurprisedatthesurprisingnews.我对这个令人惊讶的消息感到很吃惊
②Tomysurpriseheleftwithoutleavingaword.令我惊奇的是,他一声不响地离开了lookforwardto(介词)+名/代/V-ingllookforwardtoyourreply.我期待你的答复Ilookforwardtoseeingyouagain.hearfromsb.=getaletterfromsb.收至U某人的来信Iheardfrommyfriendsyesterday.=Igotaletterfrommyfriendyesterday.seem+形容词看起来Youseemhappytoday.seem+todosth.似乎/好像做某事IseemtohaveacoldItseems+从句彳以乎Itseemsthatnoonebelieveyou.seemlike...好像以乎・・・・.Itseemslikeagoodidea.arrivein+大地点=getto=reach+地点名到达〃arriveat+小地点(注若后跟地点副词here/there/home介词需省略,如arrivehere;gethome)feellikesth感觉像…feeldoingsth.想要做某事wonder(想知道)+疑问词(whowhatzwhy)引导的从句becauseof+名/代/V-ingbecause+从句Hecanttakeawalkbecauseoftherain.Idontbuytheshirtbecauseitwastooexpensive.enough+名词足够的thebestwaytodosth.做某事的最好方式Exercisingisthebestwaytokeephealthy.howtodothat.〃该怎么做〃,疑问词+todosth常用来做宾语Idontknowhowtomakeabananamilkshake.Idontknowwhattodo.attheendof〃在.・沫尾”Nowitisattheendof
2014.反义短语atthebeginningof〃在..・开始”beglad/happy/sadtodosth.〃很高兴/难过做某事Iamgladtoseeyou.replytosb./sth.〃回复…〃Replyinwritingtotheinvitation〃以写信形式回复这份邀请函【重点语法】一.表示邀请的句型Can/Couldyou...cometomyparty
2.Wouldyouliketo..Wouldyouliketomyparty接受:Sure/Yes/OfcourseYdlove/liketo拒绝:
①FmsorryIcanhaveto/must+V原陈述理由2Fdlove/liketobutI…理由3TmafraidnotL.理由二.must与havetomust表示主观〃必须〃;must表示〃主观上的要求〃,无人称和时态的变化,否定回答:neednt或donthaveto(不必)mustnzt表示〃禁止”.
2.haveto表客观需要,有人称和时态变化,否:dont/doesnt/didnthaveto(没必要)一MustIbehomebeforeeightoclock8点之前我必须回家吗?一Yesyoumust./Noyouneednt./Noyoudonthaveto.UnitlOIfyougotothepartyyou1IIhaveagreattime!【重点词语/短语用法解析】haveagreattime意为“玩得愉快”,=enjoyoneselfhavefunhaveagood/wonderful/nicetimehaveagreat/goodtimeindoingsth.做某事彳艮开心、
2.asksb.nottodosth.要求某人不做某事Theteachersaskustododolotsofhomework.ordersth.from+地点”从某地订购食物”Iwanttoordersomebooksfromthebookstore.keep…tooneself保守秘密unlessconj.除非;如果不unless引导的条件句表示在特定条件下,才决定做或不做一件事-if...notTheconcertwillbeheldasscheduleunlessthereisatyphoon.=Theconcertwillbeheldasscheduleifthereisnotatyphoon.beafraidtodosth.害怕干某事Imafraidtospeakinfrontofotherpeoplebeafraidofsth.害怕某事Hetoldmenottobeafraidofdifficulties.beafraid+that从句ImafraidthatIcantfinishontime
7.beangrywithsb.Wewereangrywithhimforkeepinguswaitingbeangryat/aboutsth.Heisangryat/aboutyouranswer.Iwasveryangryatwhathesaid.intheend最后;终于二atlast/finallyattheendof在・..末端;至・尽头Hemarriedthenicegirlintheend/atlast/finally.Theschoolisattheendofthestreet.carelessadj粗心的;反义词careful意为“小心的Theboyisverycareless.这个男孩很粗心Heismorecarefulthanme.他比我认真advisev.“劝告;建议n.advice是不可数名词.Givemesomeadvice!advisedoingsth.建议做某事advisesb.nottodosth.建议某人不做某事Iadvisewaitingtilltherighttime我建议等到适当的时候Iadvisehimnottosleeplateeveryday.我建议他不要每天睡懒觉Itsbestnottodosth.最好不做某事ItsbesttospeakEnglisheveryday.runawayfrom从…逃离”“逃避”cut-inhalf“切成两半”【重点语法】if条件句if条件句条件句用于陈述语气,表示假设的情况可能发生,其中if是〃如果〃的意思,引导条件状语从句,if从句用一般现在时,主句则用一般将来时(主将从现)注意在与if条件句连用的主句中我们一般用will表示将来时而不用begoingto表示将来时PS:在when(当.时候)afterbefore等引导的时间状语从句中,如果主句为一般将来时,从句要用一般现在时表示将来(主将从现)如Iw川callyouwhenIreachCanada.我一到加拿大就给你打电话人教版八年级英语上册知识点总结归纳UnitlWheredidyougoonvacation【重点语法】不定代词不指名代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词用法注意l.some和any+可数名/不可数名some多用于肯定句,any多用于否定句、疑问句和条件从句有些问句中用some不用any问话者希望得到对方肯定回答.由someanynoevery与bodyonething构成的复合不定代词作主语时其谓语动词用三单.不定代词若有定语修饰该定语要置于其后如somethinginteresting【重点短语】buysthforab./buysb.sth为某人买某物taste+adj.尝起来nothing...but+V.原形除了……之外什么都没有seem+tobe+adj看起来arrivein+大地方/arriveat+小地方到达某地decidetodosth.决定做某事trydoingsth.尝试做某事/trytodosth.尽力做某事enjoydoingsth.喜欢做某事wanttodosth.想去做某事startdoingsth.开始做某事=begindoingsth.stopdoingsth.停止做某事区分stoptodosth.停下来去做某事dislikedoingsth.不喜欢做某事so+adj+that+从句如此……以至于……tellsb.(not)todosth.告诉某人(不要)做某事keepdoingsth.继续做某事forgettodosth.忘记去做某事/forgetdoingsth忘记做过某事【词语辨析】takeaphoto/takephotos拍照quiteafew+名词复数〃许多…〃seem+形容词看起来Youseemhappytoday.seem+todosth似乎/好像做某事IseemtohaveacoldItseems+从句彳以乎Itseemsthatnoonebelieveyou.seemlike...好像J以乎・・・・.Itseemslikeagoodidea.arrivein+大地点=getto=reach+地点名到达〃arriveat+小地点(注若后跟地点副词here/there/home介词需省略,如arrivehere;gethome)feellikesth感觉像…feeldoingsth.想要做某事wonder(想知道)+疑问词(whowhatwhy)引导的从句becauseof+名/代/V-ingbecause+从句Hecanttakeawalkbecauseoftherain.Idontbuytheshirtbecauseitwastooexpensive.enough+名词足够的形容词/副词+enoughUnit2Howoftendoyouexercise【重点语法】.频率副词alwaysusuallyoftensometimesnever频率副词在句中通常放在实义动词之前,be动词或助动词之后常用于一般现在时态中.次数”的表达方法一次once两次twice,三次或三次以上基数词+times如threetimesfivetimes.howoften多久一次”问频率,回答常含有频率词组或短语常见的how疑问词Howsoon多久以后一Howsoonwillhebeback他多久能回来?一Hewillbebackinamonth.他一个月后能回来howlong〃多久”一Howlongdidittakeyoutocleanthehouse你打扫房子用了多久?一Ittookmehalfanhourtocleanthehouse.我打扫这房子用了半小时Howmany十名复Howmuch+不可名多少问数量(howmuch还可问价格)【重点短语】gotothemovies去看电影lookafter=takecareof照顾surftheinternet上网healthylifestyle健康的生活方式goskateboarding去划板keephealthy=stayhealthy保持健康eatinghabits饮食习惯takemoreexercise做更多的运动thesameas与什么相同bedifferentfrom不同onceamonth一月一次twiceaweek一周两次makeadifferenceto对有影响/作用mostofthestudents=moststudents
15.shop=goshopping=dosomeshopping购物begoodfor对有益bebadfor对有害comehomefromschool放学回家ofcourse=certainly=sure当然getgoodgrades取得好成绩keep/beingoodhealth保持健康takeavacation去度彳取【词语辨析】maybe/maybemaybe是副词,意为大概,可能,或许,一般用于句首Maybe是情态动词,意为可能是…,也许是…,大概是…”.Thebabyiscrying.Maybesheishungry.Thewomanmaybeateacher.afew/few/alittle/littlePeoplecanliveto100butfewpeoplecanliveto
150.Thereislittletimeleft.Iwontcatchthefirstbus.Couldyougivemealittlemilkhard/hardlyhard作形容词,意为困难的,艰苦的,硬的;作副词,意为努力地,猛烈地hardly为副词,意为几乎不Thegroundistoohardtodig.Icanhardlyunderstandthem.Itsraininghard.Thepeoplecanhardlygooutside.Asforhomeworkmoststudentsdohomeworkeveryday.asfor…意思是〃至于;关于〃,+名词、代词或动词的-ing形式(即动名词)如:AsforhimIneverwanttoseehimhere.至于他,我永远不希望在这里见到Asforthestoryyoudbetternotbelieveit.关于那故事,你最好不要相信Thatsoundsinteresting.这是主语+系动词+表语”结构的简单句sound(听起来),look(看起来),smell(闻起来),taste(尝起来)feel(觉得),seem(好象),grow(变得)get(变得)等词在英语中可用作系动词,后跟形容词作表语如Ittastesgood.这味道好Themusicsoundsverysweet.这音乐听起来很入耳Thesmokegrewheavierandheavier.烟雾变得越来越浓了percent名词意为百分之……百分数的表示方法基数+percent(不用复数形式),percent做主语时,谓语动词的数要根据其后面的名词来确定50%:fiftypercent百分之五十Fiftypercentoftheapplesarebad.50%的苹果都坏了Twentypercentofthemeatisinthefridge.20%的肉都在冰箱not...atall意为一点也不,not应放在be动词、情态动词或助动词之后Thestoryisntinterestingatall.那个故事一点也没有趣Itis+adj.todosth.做某事是的Itisinterestingtoplaycomputergames.玩电脑很有趣takespendpayIttakessb.sometimetodosth.意为花费某人......时间来做某事”人sb.spend时间/钱onsth.买某物花了……钱”人sb.spend时间/钱indoing”花费多少时间来做某事”pay的主语必须是人,而花钱买某物”为pay...for…however副词,意为然而,可是,表示转折关系,可放在句首、句中、句末Unit3Immoreoutgoingthanmysister.【重点语法】.形容词和副词的比较等级1形容词和副词的原形就是原级2比较级,表示较……或更……3最高级表示最….比较级句型1A+be动词+形容词的比较级+than+BA比B更……注意A与B必须是同级的,即必须是人与人,物与物进行对比2A+实意动词+副词比较级+than+B表示A比B...”3比较AB两人/两事物问其中哪一个较……时用句型Who/which+谓语动词+a可./adv.比较级AorBVWhoisthinnerJennyorMary形容词/副词+enoughUnit2Howoftendoyouexercise【重点语法】.频率副词alwaysusuallyoftensometimesnever频率副词在句中通常放在实义动词之前,be动词或助动词之后常用于一般现在时态中.次数”的表达方法一次once两次twice三次或三次以上基数词+times如threetimesfivetimes.howoften多久一次问频率,回答常含有频率词组或短语常见的how疑问词Howsoon多久以后一Howsoonwillhebeback他多久能回来?一Hewillbebackinamonth.他一个月后能回来howlong〃多久”Howlongdidittakeyoutocleanthehouse你打扫房子用了多久?.比较级的特殊用法1比较级+and+比较级,意为越来越多音节比较级用moreandmore+原级2〃the+比较级.・・,the+比较级..・意思是〃越..•越...Themorethebetter.3主+is+the形容词比较级+ofthetwo+名复主语是两者中较……的.两者在某一方面相同A+谓语动词/be动词+as+adj./adv.原级+as+B.HelenisastallasAmy.PeterstudiesashardasTom.表示两者在某一方面不及另一方时,用notas/so+形容词或副词原级+asIamnotastallasmysister..形容词,副词比较级前的修饰语当需要表示一方超过另一方的程度时,可以用muchalotalittleabit等来修饰形容词比较级注意比较级不能用verysotooquite等修饰【重点短语】moreoutgoing更外向/更开朗as・・・as・••与一样thesingingcompetition歌咏比赛themostimportant最重要的betalentedinmusic在音乐方面有天赋thesameas与相同careabout关心/留意/关注bedifferentfrom与不同belikeamirror像一面镜子aslongas只要;与……一样长bringout显示/显出getbettergrades取得更好的成绩reachfor伸手达到/达到touchonesheart感动infact事实上makefriends交月月友begoodat在某方面成绩好theother另一个besimilarto与…相似begoodwith与..・和睦相处havefun=Haveagoodtime玩得开心havefundoingsth做某事很开心dothesamethingsasme.做和我一样的事情Itzs+adj+forsb.todosth.〃做某事对某人来说是…的〃makefriendswithsb.与某人交朋友aslongas只要;既然,引导条件状语从句【词语辨析】begoodat=dowellin其后可接名词、代词或动名词,表示擅长careabout关心carefor关爱takecare(当/小心)takecareof(照顾)=lookaftermakesb.dosth.:让(使)某人做某事(make后跟不带to的不定式)Hisfatheralwaysmakemegetupbeforefiveoclock.makesb.+形容词使某人保持某种状态Myfriendsalwaysmakemehappy.belike〃就像amlikeyoursister.looklike〃外貌上的像〃Ilooklikemysister.Thatswhy+句子那就是…的原因/那就是为什么…ThatswhyIstudyEnglishhard.那就是我努力学习英语的原因bedifferentfrom与不同反:bethesameas与相同though
①adv.不过;可是;然而(句末补充说明使语气减弱)
②conj.虽然;尽管=although与but不能同时用在一个句子中Hesaidhewouldcome.HedidnXthough.他说他要来可是并没有来Though/Althoughhehasbeendeadformanyyearsmanypeoplestillrememberhim.尽管他已经去世很多年了,但很多人仍然记得他getbettergrades取得更好的成绩does(助动词do/did)为了避免重复,可代替上文出现过的实意动词Unit4Whatsthebestmovietheater【重点语法】.形容词最高级用于三者或三者以上的人或事物相比较标志词表比较范围时用in/of形容词最高级前须加定冠词the副词最高级前可省略theo.表示三者(或以上)中最……的”的句型)A+be+the形容词最高级+表示范围(in/of介词短语))A+实意动词+(the)副词最高级+表示范围的of/in介词短语.常用句式Who/Which...+最高级...,ABorConeof+the+形容词最高级+名词复数形式,意为最…之一3)序数词后跟形容词最高级【重点短语】sofar到目前为止,迄今为止noproblem没什么,别客气have....incommon有相同特征(想法、兴趣等方面)相同beupto由决定/是的职责allkindsof...各种各样的playaroleindoingsth./sth.发挥作用,有影响makeup编造(故事、谎言等)forexample=e.g.例如take..…seriously认真对待noteverybody并不是每个人closeto离近moreandmore越来越【词语辨析】Howdoyoulike+名/代/V-ing=Whatdoyouthinkof:你认为…怎么样?Thanksfor=Thankyoufor+名/代/V-ing广感谢…〃Yourewelcome.=Notatall.不客气talent名(可)天赋talentshow才艺表演talentedadj.有天赋的betalentedin在方面有天赋begoodat擅长・・・(=dowellin)反义短语bepoor/weakin在…方面薄弱begoodfor对……有益后跟人或事物;其反义短语是bebadforbegoodto对……好(和善;慈爱)相当于befriendlyto后面通常接人allkindsof各种各样的differentkindsof不同种类的akindof一种*kindof有点+adj.:kindofboring/fat/thinwinvt.赢得+奖品winnern.赢者watchsb.dosth.观看某人做了某事watchdoingsth.观看某人正在做某事举例suchas常列举几个例子,不能穷尽,可和andsoon(等等)连用;like可和suchas互换;forexample一般只列举一个,作插入语用逗号隔开,可置于句首/句中/句末Unit5Doyouwanttowatchagameshow【重点语法】.询问某人对某物的观点及看法Whatdoyouthinkof...=Howdoyoulike....描述喜好Ilove/like/dontmind/dislike/cantstand....复习巩固一般现在时态主语+V+其他;主语(三单)+V(三单)+其他)【重点短语】findout查出/发现bereadytodo准备做…dressup打扮/化妆成takeonesplace代替某人doagoodjob干的好/表演的出色thinkof想到/思考gameshow游戏节目learnfrom向学习talkshow访谈节目soapopera肥皂剧goon继续watchamovie看电景oneof...其中之一tryonesbestto=doonesbestto竭尽全力
15.apairof—双asfamousas一样闻名/出名looklike看起来像aroundtheworld世界各地haveadiscussionabout讨论oneday有一天/某一天suchas例如asymbolof一个象征/标志somethingenjoyable快乐的事情interestinginformation有趣的信息【词语辨析】want+n想要wanttodosth想要做某事wantsbtodosth想让某人做某事……mind介意,其后+名词/代词/V-ingstand1〃站,站立〃e.g.Standup!起立2〃忍受〃多用于否定句、疑问句,后可+名/代/V-ingplanvt.vi.计划打算plantodosth.plan还可作名词,如makeplans制定计划v.discuss(讨论)+ion—n.discussionhadadiscussionaboutsth.对某事进行讨论happenv.发生;出现sth+happenstosb.或sthhappened+时间/地点”句式情态动词may语气弱于can意为可能might表推测,语气最弱意为可能may/mightnot表示否定推测时语气最弱,意为可能不Theymaynotbeveryexciting.它们可能不是那么令人兴奋expecttodosth.期盼做某事hopetodosth:希望干某事很多动词后面都可以跟动词不定式作宾语,如wantlikehopewishlearnstartbeginprefertryaskbefamousas作为而出名befamousforsth.因为而出名oneof...后跟可数名词复数,表示…之一其后的谓语动词用单数OneofmyfavoritemoviesisMr.Bean.我最喜欢的电影之一是憨豆先生
11.shown.节目TVshows/talentshows;v.展示showsth.tosb.=showsb.sth.Unit6Imgoingtostudycomputerscience.【重点词语/短语用法解析】.wanttobe/become+职业名词〃想要成为•….〃IwanttobebeascientistwhenIgrowup..writestories写故事tellstories讲故事.keepondoingsth.继续做某事表动作的反复keepingdoingsth.保持做某事表动作或状态的持续.besureabout+名/代/V-ing〃肯定〃Areyousureaboutthatmakesurethat+从句〃确保〃Makesurethatbothdoorsareclosedwhenyougoout.earnsth.WemustlearnEnglisheveryday.learntodosth.Iamgoingtolearntoplayplaythepiano.discussv.讨论;商量名词是discussiondiscusswithsb.与某人讨论:Discussthisquestionwithyourpartner.Letsdiscussthisproblem.让我们讨论一下这个问题Allweneednowisactionnotdiscussion.我们现在需要的是行动,不是讨论beabletodosth.能够做某事1can:can+动词原形,无人称和数的变化只能用于一般现在时和一般过去时,不能用于将来时beableto+动词原形,有人称和数的变化,可用于多种时态2can常指客观上能够;beableto更侧重于经过努力、克服一定困难有能力做成某事Hewillbeableto能够speakEnglishnextyear.在此不能填can.promisen.承诺;诺言v.许诺;承诺;答应makeapromisetosb对某人许下诺言keepapromise遵守诺言breakapromise违背诺言promisesbtodosth.许诺某人干某事promisesb+that从句Hepromisedtohelpme.他许诺过要帮助我IpromisedthatIstudyhardfromnowon.我承诺从现在起努力学习.havetodowith关于;与有关系Thebookhastodowithcomputers.那本书与计算机有关.takeupsth./doingsth.尤指为消遣学着做;开始做Iamgoingtotakeupcookingnextyear.明年我/各要学煮饭.Sometimestheresolutionsmaybetoodifficulttokeep.too+形容词/副词to+动词原形,表示太……而不能……如Thekidistooyoungtoplaythisgame.这个小孩太小,不能玩这个游戏
12.onesown+名词某人自己的东西,强调某物为个人所有myownbook我自己的书本【重点语法】一般将来时〃am/is/aregoingto+动词原形〃结构一Ittookmehalfanhourtocleanthehouse.我打扫这房子用了半小时3)Howmany十名复Howmuch+不可名多少问数量(howmuch还可问价格)【重点短语】gotothemovies去看电影lookafter=takecareof旦宾顾surftheinternet上网healthylifestyle健康的生活方式goskateboarding去划板keephealthy=stayhealthy保持健康eatinghabits饮食习惯takemoreexercise做更多的运动thesameas与什么相同bedifferentfrom不同.基本形式否定式am/is/arenotgoingto+动词原形一般疑问式am/is/are+主语+goingto+动词原形+其他?特殊疑问式特殊疑问词+一般疑问式?HeisgoingtospendhisholidaysinLondon.他打算在伦敦度假Lookatthedarkclouds.Thereisgoingtobeastorm.看月B乌云了Ishegoingtocollectanydataforus他会帮我们收集数据吗?Whatareyougoingtodotomorrow明天你打算作什么?.基本用法1表示事先经过考虑、安排好打算、计划要做某事DadandIaregoingtowatchanoperathisafternoon.今天下午我和爸爸打算去看歌剧2表示根据目前某种迹象判断,某事非常有可能发生,表示推测Look!Therecomethedarkclouds.Itisgoingtorain.瞧!乌云密集天要下雨了Unit7Willpeoplehaverobots【重点词语/短语用法解析】.many+可数名词许多……much+不可数名词许多…….livetobe+基数词+yearsold〃活到・・・・・・岁〃.beingreatdanger处在极大的危险中.playapartin+名/代/V-ing.参与某事/做某事Everyoneshouldplayapartinsavingtheearth..help(sb.)withsth.帮助(某人)做某事HeoftenhelpsmewithmyEnglish.helpsb.(to)dosth.帮助(某人)做……HeoftenhelpsmestudyEnglish.helponeself(to)自用(食物等)Helpyourselftothefish.请随便吃鱼.thesameas...和一样反义短语:bedifferentfrom.Ittakes/took/willtakesb.sometimetodosth.某人花了时间做某事(时态根据具体情况决定)Ittakesmeanhourtogettomyoffice.spendtime/moneyonsth.在上花费时间(金钱)sb.spendtime/money(in)doingsth.花费时间(金钱)做某事Ispenttwohoursonthismathproblem.这道数学题花了我个小时Theyspenttwoyearsbuildingthisbridge.造这座桥花了他们两年时间.hundredsof+名词复数许多/大量数词+hundred+名词复数几百……类似的数词还有thousand(千),million(万)Therearefourhundredstudentsinourgrade.TherearehundredsoftouristsinBeijingeveryyear..during在…期间duringthevacation/thedaytime/theweekend.themeaningof…的意思Canyoutellmethemeaningofthewords【重点语法】一般将来时
一、一般将来时的含义一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或状态,或将来经常发生的动作或状态
二、一般将来时的基本结构.will/shall+动词原形will在陈述句中用于各种人称;shall用于第一人称,常被will所代替否定式willnot=wont;shallnot=shant一般疑问式will/shall+主语+动词原形+其他?特殊疑问式特殊疑问词+一般疑问式?Iwill/shalldoabetterjobnexttime.下次我要做得好些Oilandwaterwillnotmix.油和水没法混在一起一WillhehelpyouwithyourEnglishtonight今天晚上他会帮助你学习英语吗?—Yeshewill./Nohewont.是的,他会/不,他不会一WhenwillyouarriveforAmerica你什么时候去美国Tomorrow.明天.am/is/aregoingto+动词原形否定式am/is/arenotgoingto+动词原形一般疑问式am/is/are+主语+goingto+动词原形+其他?特殊疑问式特殊疑问词+一般疑问式?HeisgoingtospendhisholidaysinLondon.他打算在伦敦度假Lookatthedarkclouds.Thereisgoingtobeastorm.看月B乌云「快要下雨了Ishegoingtocollectanydataforus他会帮我们收集数据吗Whatareyougoingtodotomorrow明天你打算作什么?
三、一般将来时的用法will+动词原形与am/is/aregoingto+动词原形的用法虽然都表示将来发生动作或情况,一般情况下能互换但它们的用法是有区别的.will主要用于在以下三个方面1表示主观意愿的将来Theywillgotovisitthefactorytomorrow.明天他们将去厂参观工厂FilcomewithWangBingLiuTaoandYangLing.我将和王兵、刘涛、杨玲一起来2表示不以人的意志为转移的客观的将来TodayisSaturday.TomorrowwillbeSunday.今天是星期六明天是将是星期日Hewillbethirtyyearsoldthistimenextyear.明年这个时候他就(将)三十岁
(3)表示临时决定,通常用于对话中一Maryhasbeenillforaweek.玛丽病了一周了—OhIdidntknow.Iwillgoandseeher.噢,我不知道我去看看她.begoingto主要用于一下两个方面
(1)表示事先经过考虑、安排好打算、计划要做某事DadandIaregoingtowatchanoperathisafternoon.今天下午我和爸爸打算去看歌剧
(2)表示根据目前某种迹象判断,某事非常有可能发生,表示推测LooklTherecomethedarkclouds.Itisgoingtorain.瞧!乌云密集天要下雨了Unit8Howdoyoumakeabananamilkshake【重点词语/短语用法解析】.cut是切,割”的意思过去式为cutcutup意为切碎Cutupthebananas.=Cutthebananasup.Cutit/themup..turnon打开,接通(电流、煤气、水等)turnoff关掉,截断(电流、煤气、水等)turnup开大,调高(音量、热量等)turndown调低,关小(音量、热量等)
3.onemorething另外一件事情anothertenminutes再多十分钟数字+more+物品指另外的……another+数字+物品指另外的……当数字为one时,常与more连用或只用anotherGivemetwomorehamburgersanothertwohamburgers.forgettodosth.忘记(去)做某事forgetdoingsth.忘记已做过某事.Itsatime(forsb).todosth.该是(某人)做某事的时期了Itstime(forsb.)todosth.=Itzstimeforsth.该是(某人)做某事的时间了ItsatimeforyoutostudyEnglish.Itstimeforustogotoschool.(Itstimeforschool.).givethanksfor+名/代V-ing〃感恩〃Weshouldgivethanksforourparents.Hegavethanksforlifeandfood..MostAmericansstillcelebratethisideasofgivingthanksbyhavingabigmeal.by+sth./doing:)以方式IstudyEnglishbylisteningtoEnglishsongs.)在的旁边Iamsittingbythepool.)在之前Ihavetogotoschoolby8:
00.)搭乘Igotoschoolbybus..Hereis+名单(宾语)这是…是倒装句Hereisaphotoofmyfamily.Hereare十名复HerearesomeEnglishbooks.当宾语是代词时,要用顺装如Hereyouare.(对)Hereareyou.(错).fillsth.withsth.用......把……装满(强调动作)befullof装满…(强调状态)Ifilledthecupwiththemilk.Thecupisfullofthemilk..put.・・in(into)...把放到里.cover…with…用覆盖.cut...into才巴切成Cuttheappleintofourpieces.cutup...切碎
13.servev.月艮务n.serviceserve+名/代〃提供・・.〃Theshopservesnicefood.servesb.sth.=servesth.tosb.Serveittoyourfriendswithsomevegetables.servesb.withsth.〃用某物招待某人Servetheguestswithsometea.【重点语法】名词名词是表示人、事物、地方、现象及其它抽象概念名称的词
一、名词分为专有名词和普通名词专有名词是表示具体的人、事物、地点、或机构等的专有名称如GuangzhouMikeUNESCO等专有名词一般情况下第一个字母要大写普通名词是表示一类人、事物或抽象概念的名称如policeeggsrice等
二、普通名词又可分为个体名词、集体名词、物质名词和抽象名词个体名词表示某一类人或某一类东西中的个体如:monkeypandarulerboy等集体名词表示一群人或一类事物的总称如:familypoliceclasspeople等物质名词表示无法分为个体或不具备确定形状和大小的实物如Waterairmilk等抽象名词表示抽象概念词如hopelovespirito英语的名词有可数名词和不可数名词两种一般来说,个体名词和集体名词多为可数名词,物质名词和抽象名词多为不可数名词
三、名词单数变复数的规则总结
1.规则变化1一般在名词词尾加-Smap-maps地图bird—birds鸟orange—oranges桔子bike-bikes自行车2以sxchsh结尾的名词加-esbox一boxes盒子class—classes壬旺级watch-watches手表dish-dishes盘,碟子,餐具3以结尾的无生命的名词后面加-sphoto-photos相片radio—radios收音机zoo-zoos动物园以结尾的有生命的名词后面加“-es”tomato-tomatoes西红柿potato-potatoes土豆hero—heroes英雄negro一negroes黑人4以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i加-esbaby-babies婴儿family-families家庭以元音字母加y结尾的名词直接加-sboy—boys男孩toy—toys玩具5以fe或f结尾的名词,把fe或f变为v加-esknife一knives小刀wife—wives妻子leaf—leaves树叶
2.不规则变化1child---childrenfoot---feetonceamonth一月一次twiceaweek一周两次makeadifferenceto对有影响/作用mostofthestudents=moststudentsshop=goshopping=dosomeshopping购物begoodfor又寸有益bebadfor又寸有害comehomefromschool放学回家ofcourse=certainly=sure当然getgoodgrades取得好成绩keep/beingoodhealth保持健康takeavacation去度彳取【词语辨析】maybe/maybemaybe是副词,意为大概可能,或许,一般用于句首Maybe是情态动词,意为〃可能是…,也许是…,大概是…〃.tooth---teethmouse---miceman---menwoman---women注意与man和woman构成的合成词,其复数形式也是-men和-women如:anEnglishmantwoEnglishmeno但German不是合成词,故复数形式为GermansBowman是姓,其复数是theBowmanso2单复同形的名词如deer鹿,sheep绵羊,fish鱼Chinese中国人Japanese日本人li里,jin斤,yuan元注意除人民币元、角、分外,美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式如adollartwodollars;ametertwometers3集体名词,以单数形式出现,但实为复数如people人police警察,cattle牛等本身就是复数不能说apeopleapoliceacattle.但可以说apersonapolicemanaheadofcattletheEnglishtheBritishtheFrenchtheChinesetheJapanesetheSwiss等名词,表示国民总称时,作复数用如TheChinesearehard-workingandbrave.中国人民是勤劳勇敢的
3.以s结尾,仍为单数的名词1maths数学,politics政治学,physics物理学等学科名词,为不可数名词,是单数2news消息、新闻是不可数名词3theUnitedStates美国,theUnitedNations联合国应视为单数TheUnitedNationswasorganizedin
1945.联合国是1945年组建起来的4以复数形式出现的书名,剧名,报纸,杂志名,也视为单数TheArabianNightsisaveryinterestingstory-book.〈一千零一夜是一本非常有趣的故事书
4.注意两点1表示由两部分构成的东西如glasses眼镜trousersclothes若表达具体数目,要借助数量词pair对双;suit套;apairofglasses;twopairsoftrousers
(2)还有一些名词,其复数形式有时可表示特别意思,如goods货物,waters水域,fishes(各种)鱼
四、不可数名词不可数名词意味着这些名词只能是单数,没有复数形式,不能与数目字如onetwo等连用,也不能加不定冠词a(n)o不可数名词没有单数、复数之分,但我们在生活中有时候又必需给这些词计量,我们于是采用这种方法a+表示这些东西的单位+of+不可数名词,如:acupofteaaboxofmilkapieceofpaper等如果为了表示多个的概念,我们就将表示这些东西的单位变成复数即可如:acupoftea---3cupsofteaaboxofmilk---12boxesofmilkApieceofpaper---100piecesofpaper【注意】a.当物质名词转化为个体名词时为可数例如Cakeisakindoffood.蛋糕是一种食物(不可数)Thesecakesaresweet.这些蛋糕很好吃(可数)b.当物质名词表示该物质的种类时,可数例如Thisfactoryproducessteel.这个工厂生产钢材(不可数)Weneedvarioussteels.我们需要各种各样的钢材(可数)c.当物质名词表示份数时,可数例如Ourcountryisfamousfortea.我国因茶叶而闻名Twoteasplease.请来两杯茶d.抽象名词表示具体的事例时也可数例如fourfreedoms四大自由thefourmodernizations四个现代化Unit9Canyoucometomyparty【重点词语/短语用法解析】one...another...表示不确定数目中的另一个one...theother...表示两者中的另一个IdontlikethisonecanyoushowmeanotherIhavetwobrothers.Oneisalawyerandtheotherisamanager.some...others…表示没有范围限定的一些……另一些......”some...theothers...表示某一范围的〃一些其余的”Somegotoschoolbybikeandothersgotoschoolbybus.Somegotoschoolbybikeandtheothersgotoschoolbybus.invitev.邀请n.invitationinvitesb.todosth.〃邀请某人干某事”invitesb.to+地点名词Mr.Greeninvitedmetovisithisfactorylastweek.ThanksalotforyourinvitationThanksforinvitingmetoyourparty.1Whafsthedatetoday意为〃今天是几月几号?〃Its+月+日2Whatdayisittoday意为〃今天是星期几Its+星期几一Whatsthedate一ItsSeptember10th.一Whatdayisittoday—ItsWednesday.havealesson(class)上课haveanEnglishlessonpreparev.准备n.preparationpreparesth.准备某物,所准备的东西就是后面的宾语prepareforsth.为……做准备”指为后面的宾语做准备preparetodosth.〃准备做某事〃bring..上…带来”把某物从别的地方带到说话人的地方take…to」带去”把某物从说话的地方带到别处去(两者方向相反)Bringyourhomeworkhereandtakethebookaway.把你的作业拿过来,把这本书带走without(介词)没有反义词:with具有Wecantlivewithoutwater.Janeisabeautifulgirlwithlonghair.sothat+从句以便于;目的是IstudyhardsothatIcangetgoodgrades.surprisen.惊奇surprisedadj.感到惊奇的(指人)surprisingadj.令人惊奇的(指物)besurprisedatsth.〃惊奇于某事〃toonessurprise〃令某人惊奇的是〃
①Fmsurprisedatthesurprisingnews.我对这个令人惊讶的消息感到很吃惊
②Tomysurpriseheleftwithoutleavingaword.令我惊奇的是,他一声不响地离开了
10.lookforwardto介词+名/代/V-ingIlookforwardtoyourreply.我期待你的答复Ilookforwardtoseeingyouagain..hearfromsb.=getaletterfromsb.收到某人的来信Iheardfrommyfriendsyesterday.=1gotaletterfrommyfriendyesterday..thebestwaytodosth.做某事的最好方式Exercisingisthebestwaytokeephealthy..howtodothat.〃该怎么做〃疑问词+todosth常用来做宾语Idontknowhowtomakeabananamilkshake.Idontknowwhattodo..attheendof〃在・・・末尾〃Nowitisattheendof
2014.反义短语:atthebeginningof〃在…开始〃
15.beglad/happy/sadtodosth.〃很高兴/难过做某事Iamgladtoseeyou.
16.replytosb./sth.〃回复…〃Replyinwritingtotheinvitation〃以写信形式回复这份邀请函”【重点语法】表示邀请的句型Can/Couldyou...cometomypartyWouldyouliketo..(Wouldyouliketomyparty)接受Sure/Yes/OfcourseTdlove/liketo.拒绝
①ImsorryIcant.Ihaveto/must+V原(陈述理由)
②Idlove/liketobutI…(理由)rmafraidnot.I…(理由)二.must与havetomust表示主观必须;must表示主观上的要求,无人称和时态的变化,否定回答neednt或donthaveto(不必)mustnt表示〃禁止〃.haveto表客观需要,有人称和时态变化否:dont/doesnt/didnthaveto(没必要)一MustIbehomebeforeeightoclock8点之前我必须回家吗—Yeszyoumust./Noyouneednt./Noyoudonthaveto.UnitIOIfyougotothepartyfyoullhaveagreattime!【重点词语/短语用法解析】haveagreattime意为〃玩得T俞‘快”,=enjoyoneselfhavefunhaveagood/wonderful/nicetimehaveagreat/goodtimein(doing)sth.估攵某事很开/匕asksb.(not)todosth.要求某人(不)做某事Theteachersaskustodo(do)lotsofhomework.ordersth.from+地点〃从某地订购食物〃Iwanttoordersomebooksfromthebookstore.keep...tooneself保守秘密unlessconj.除非;如果不unless引导的条件句表示在特定条件下,才决定做或不做一件事=if...notTheconcertwillbeheldasscheduleunlessthereisatyphoon.=Theconcertwillbeheldasscheduleifthereisnotatyphoon.beafraidtodosth.害怕干某事Imafraidtospeakinfrontofotherpeople.beafraidofsth.害怕某事Hetoldmenottobeafraidofdifficulties.beafraid+that从句FmafraidthatIcantfinishontimebeangrywithsb.Wewereangrywithhimforkeepinguswaiting.beangryat/aboutsth.Heisangryat/aboutyouranswer.Iwasveryangryatwhathesaid.intheend最后;终于=atlast/finallyattheendof在…末端;到…尽头Hemarriedthenicegirlintheend/atlast/finally.Theschoolisattheendofthestreet.carelessadj.粗心的;反义词carefulz意为〃小心的〃Theboyisverycareless.这个男孩很粗心Heismorecarefulthanme.他比我认真advisev.〃劝告;建议〃n.advice是不可数名词.Givemesomeadvice!advisedoingsth.建议做某事advisesb.(not)todosth.建议某人(不)做某事Iadvisewaitingtilltherighttime.我建议等到适当的时候Iadvisehimnottosleeplateeveryday.我建议他不要每天睡懒觉Itsbest(not)todosth.最好(不)做某事ItsbesttospeakEnglisheveryday.runawayfrom”从…逃离〃〃逃避〃cut...inhalf〃切成两半〃【重点语法】if条件句if条件句条件句用于陈述语气,表示假设的情况可能发生,其中if是如果的意思,引导条件状语从句,if从句用一般现在时,主句则用一般将来时(主将从现)Iwillbebusycallmepleasehewilltakeustothezoo.pleaseletmeknow.Imaytakeatrip.注意在与if条件句连用的主句中我们一般用will表示将来时,而不用begoingto表示将来时PS:在when(当…时候)afterbefore等引导的时间状语从句中,如果主句为一般将来时,从句要用一般现在时表示将来(主将从现)如IwillcallyouwhenIreachCanada.我一到加拿大就给你打电话Thebabyiscrying.Maybesheishungry.Thewomanmaybeateacher.afew/few/alittle/littlePeoplecanliveto100butfewpeoplecanliveto
150.Thereislittletimeleft.Iwontcatchthefirstbus.Couldyougivemealittlemilkhard/hardlyhard作形容词,意为困难的,艰苦的,硬的;作副词,意为努力地,猛烈地hardly为副词意为几乎不Thegroundistoohardtodig.Icanhardlyunderstandthem.Itsraininghard.Thepeoplecanhardlygooutside.Asforhomeworkmoststudentsdohomeworkeveryday.asfor…意思是〃至于;关于〃,+名词、代词或动词的-ing形式(即动名词)如:AsforhimIneverwanttoseehimhere.至于他,我永远不希望在这里见到Asforthestoryyoudbetternotbelieveit.关于那故事,你最好不要相信Thatsoundsinteresting.这是主语+系动词+表语”结构的简单句sound(听起来)look(看起来),smell(闻起来)taste(尝起来),feel(觉得),seem(好象),grow(变得)get(变得)等词在英语中可用作系动词,后跟形容词作表语如Ittastesgood.这味道好Themusicsoundsverysweet.这音乐听起来很入耳Thesmokegrewheavierandheavier.烟雾变得越来越浓了percent名词意为百分之……百分数的表示方法基数+percent(不用复数形式),percent做主语时,谓语动词的数要根据其后面的名词来确定50%:fiftypercent百分之五十Fiftypercentoftheapplesarebad.50%的苹果者B坏了Twentypercentofthemeatisinthefridge.20%的肉都在冰箱not...atall意为一点也不,not应放在be动词、情态动词或助动词之后Thestoryisntinterestingatall.那个故事一点也没有趣Itis+adj.todosth.做某事是……的Itisinterestingtoplaycomputergames.玩电脑很有趣takespendpayIttakessb.sometimetodosth.意为〃花费某人……时间来做某事〃人sb.spend时间/钱onsth买某物花了……钱”人sb.spend时间/钱indoing”花费多少时间来做某事”pay的主语必须是人,而花钱买某物为pay…for...however副词,意为然而,可是,表示转折关系,可放在句首、句中、句末Unit3Immoreoutgoingthanmysister.【重点语法】构成if从句主句(主辂从现)时一般现在时主+be(is/am/are)+其它(名/形)主+V原+其它主(三单)+V(三单)+其它L一般将来时主语+shall/will+V原.主句是祈使句.主句含有情态动词Canmaymust等词.主句含有wanthopewish等表愿望的词例句IfIamanteacher.IfyoucomebackIfhecomeIfyoucancomefIfIhavemuchmoneyIwillbebusycallmepleasehewilltakeustothezoo.pleaseletmeknow.Imaytakeatrip.afew(少数的,几个,一些)alittle(一点儿少量)表示肯定few(很少的,几乎没有的)little(很少的,几乎没有的)表示否定修饰可数名词修饰不可数名词构成if从句主句(主将从现)时态一般现在时主+be(is/am/are)+其它(名/形)主+V原+其它O主(三单)+V(三单)+其它L一般将来时主语+shall/will+V原.主句是祈使句.主句含有情态动词Canmaymust等词.主句含有wanthopewish等表愿望的词afew(少数的,几个,一^)alittle(一点儿,少量)表示肯定few(很少的,几乎没有的)little(很少的,几乎没有的)表示否定修饰可数名词修饰不可数名词。