第15讲阅读理解推理判断题（精讲）-2024年高考英语高频考点题型归纳与方法总结（新高考通用）.docx

【一第15轮复习讲义】年高考英语高频考点题型归纳与方法总结（新高考通用）2024讲阅读理解推理判断题（精讲）题型目录一览推断隐含意义推断作者写作意图推断作者态度或者语气推断文章出处入知识点梳理推理判断属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题，是指在理解原文字面意义的基础上，通过对语篇逻辑关系的分析和细节的暗示，作出一定的判断和推理，从而得出文章的深层含义及隐含意义高考对于推理判断的考查要求考生根据文章所提供的事实及自己的一些常识进行合理的推断，判断作者的意图、人物的动机及性格特征和事件发生的前因后果等解答该类型题目时要从整体上把握语篇内容，在语篇的表面含义与隐含意义、已知信息与未知信息间架起桥梁，透过字里行间，去体会作者的“弦外音”技巧点拨.推断隐含意义，题干中通常含有等标志性词语，根据题干1infer,suggest,imply,conclude内容，在文中找到定位词或句，理解信息句的字面意思，结合已有常识，进行符合情理的推断推断作者的观点和态度，要注意作者或文中人物的措辞及表达情感、态度或观点的词语、

2.句子，明确是问谁对什么事的态度，明确是作者或文中人物的观点而非主观臆断.推断写作意图，要通过文中所列事物使读者感受到其所传递的想法

3.推断文章出处或读者对象，需要根据文章体裁、题材、内容、措辞判断，这类问题应从4文章的内容或结构来判断其出处题型一推断隐含意义【典例1]例（•全国甲卷）12022form—so borrowersmay haveto refreshthe sitepage orkeep checkingback.The application will beavailablethrough Dec.31,2023What the application asksfor:It requiresonly basicinformation,including name,birth date,Social Securitynumber,phone numberand ane-mail address.Borrowers willnot needwhafs knownasan FSAID tolog into the application,nor willthey need to uploadany documents,including taxrecords.Will borrowersneed toprove theymeet theplans incomerequirements Insteadof providingdocumentsthat confirmyou,as anindividual,earned$125,000in2020or2021or,as acouple,less than$250,000,the applicationsimply asksborrowers tocheck abox toguarantee underthe lawsthat allinformationprovided onthis formis trueand correct.How longwill ittake toprocess eachapplication Amatter ofweeks.The departmentwants torelieveas manydebts aspossible beforestudent loanpayments restartin January.

9.What is the textA.An advertisement.B.A loanhandbook.C.An officialreport.D.Adepartment workplan.【解析】推理判断题根据第一段A“A newversion ofa studentloan forgivenessapplication will（教育部将于本月晚些时候正式be officiallylaunched by the EducationDepartment later this month.推出新版学生贷款减免申请）”以及每段粗体字部分（申请将“How longthe applicationwill beup持续多长时间广;（申请要求广;“What theapplication asksfor“Will borrowersneedtoprove they（借款人需要证明他们符合该计划的收入要求吗？）”以及meet theplans incomerequirements（处理每份申请需要多长时间？）“可知，本文How longwill ittake toprocess eachapplication主要介绍了学生贷款减免申请相关事项，所以是一篇广告（脊髓性肌萎缩症）

6.Cory,aged30,was diagnosed with spinalmuscular atrophyat a very youngage.Because of his condition,he beganusing a wheelchair at age

4.His mother,Sandy Gilbreath,raisedhim as a singleparent.Although takingcare ofa childwith adisability waschallenging,she ensuredthatCory didntmiss outon thefun thingsin life.Sandy tookhim onroad tripsduring summerbreaksthroughout hischildhood.The excitingexperiences ofexploring newplaces inspiredhim toset alifelonggoal ofvisiting all seven continents.Fortunately,Cory was able to do thatjust before the COVID-19started.He and his mothertraveledto Antarcticain February,just beforethe bordersclosed.It was the seventhand finalcontinent offhis list.He becamethe first-ever wheelchairuser tovisit allthe sevencontinents!According toCory,traveling in a wheelchairrequires awide range of planning and research.Hestarts his research six to twelve months before each trip,making sure that there are accessibletransportationoptions in the location.He wouldalso callup hotelsor rentalhomes toconfirm ifthey aretrulyas accessibleas theyclaim to be.When Corystarted goingon adventures,there weren*t manyonline resourcesdiscussing accessibletravel.To helpother travelerswith disabilitiesexplore the world ashe does,he decidedto sharehisknowledge inhis blog.Aiming topromote representationof thewheelchair-using community,Coiy andhismother wrotea childrens book,titled LetsExplore withCor Cor,which is about aboy whotravelsaround theworld inhis poweredwheelchair.Traveling toallsevencontinents wasn*t somethingI wassure wasgoing to be possible/he said.nBut ifyou staydetermined andkeep a positive attitude,the opportunitiesare limitless.

12.What worriesCorymost abouta tripA.Rental fees.B.Local attractions.C.Accommodation.D.Transportation.【解析】选推理判断题由第三段中的“According toCory,traveling in awheelchairrequires aDowiderangeofplanningandresearch.He startshisresearchsixtotwelvemonthsbeforeeachtrip,making（科里认为，坐轮椅旅行需要进行surethat thereareaccessible transportationoptions in the location.广泛的规划和研究他在每次旅行前的六到十二个月开始他的研究，确保在这个地方有方便的交通选择），可知科里因为身体原因要坐轮椅旅行，所以在每次旅行前他研究耍去的地方有没有方便的交通选择，可得出科里旅行时最担心的是交通问题故选项D

13.What can we learnfromCory*s storyA.Nothing canprevent adetermined heart.B.Disability canturn intoan opportunity,C.Travellingshapes apositive attitude.D.Mom is the creatorof childrensdreams.【解析】选推理判断题由第一段中的“Cory,aged30,was diagnosedwith spinalmuscular atrophyAo（脊髓性肌萎缩症）at avery youngage.Because ofhis condition,he beganusing awheelchair atage4丁（科里今年岁，在很小的时候就被诊断为脊髓性肌萎缩症因为他的身体状况，他从岁304开始使用轮椅第二段中的“He becamethe fkst-ever wheelchairuser tovisit allthe sevencontinents!”（他成为有史以来第一个访问所有七大洲的轮椅使用者！）和最后一段“Traveling toall sevencontinentswasn,t somethingI wassure wasgoing to be possible/1he said.nBut ifyou staydetermined andkeepapositiveattitude,the opportunitiesare limitless.,,,（他说“去所有七大洲旅行并不是我能确定的事“但如果你保持坚定和积极的态度，机会是无限的），可知科里从小坐轮椅，但因为保持着坚定和积极的态度，他才能完成游览所有七大洲的目标，可得出即使残疾，坚定的心也能帮助人们实现梦想，所以没有什么能阻止一颗坚定的心故选项A

7.Amazing FestivalsYiPeng LanternFestival,ThailandThis wonderfulunique Festivalis celebratedin ChiangMai,in November,every year.It isheld onthefull moonof thetwelfth lunarmonth everyyear.Locals believe that thisis thetime whenthe moonisat itsbrightest and the riversare filledto theirfullest,so thisisthe best time to lighta lanternor setafloating kratong“off on the PingRiver andmake awish.Holi Festival,IndiaHoli isa Hindufestival,which marksthe beginningof spring.The holidaysymbolizes thevictory ofgoodover evil,end ofwinter andit iscelebrated as a thanksgivingfor agood harvest.Day of the DeadMexicoThe originsof theDay of the Deadgo backin timesome3000years.Upon dying,a personwasbelieved to travel to the Landof theDead.The beliefis thatspirits return to theworld of the living,forone day.The spiritsare greetedwith offeringsof theirfavorite foodand drinks.Carnival ofVenice,ItalyThe originsof theVenice Carnivalare foundin twodifferent ancienttraditions:the LatinSaturnaliaand theGreek Dionysiancults-major religiousfestivals involvingthe useof masksand symbolicrepresentations.They are made ofleather,porcelain orusing theoriginal glasstechnique.The Carnivalendswith animportant Christianevent,the startof Lent,40days beforeEaster.

14.In whichsection of the Internetcanwefind this textA.Culture.B.Economy.C.Well-being.D.Advertisement.【解析】选推理判断题根据可知，文章主要介绍了几个世界各地有意A AmazingFestivals思的传统节日，所以推断属于文化范畴故选A

8.Along thecoastline innortheastern Australia,many flying foxes areinfected with a deadlydisease.Thafs wherePam Tullycomes in.Many motherflying fbxesfall from the treesand die.Pam walksmiles in the rainforest,collecting（依偎）babies still clinging to their dying mothers.Ifs verytiring work.Pam relieson afew volunteersto help rescuethe flyingfbxes duringthe migrationseason.Usually,they arecollege studentswho comeDownUnder for a semesterof lifein the rainforest.Canace camefrom Americato lenda hand to herauntPam,and tolook fbrsome kindof purposein life after her mother passed away.Losing yourmother isnever easy,but for a teenagegirl,the lossatatime of emotional needandguidance isparticularly affecting.Going offto livein wildernesshalf aworld awayseemed agood thingto do.Pam acceptedher withopen armsand invitedCanace tostay as long asshe wanted.After all,shedid needthe help.So Pamtaught Canaceto feedthe babyflying foxes,keep themwrapped innappies,nurse them back tohealth andtake themback into the wildernessto rejoin their families.Day afterday,Pam ledCanace through the rainforest,collecting babiesand bringingthembacktothe shedwhere theywere treatedby ananimal doctor,fed everytwo hoursby bottleand eventaught tofly.Each flyingfox releasedback into the wildwas avictory.And eachtime onewinged away,the lossCanacefelt seemedjust a little bitless.We neverreally getover theloss ofa lovedone,but whenwe takecare ofa weakcreature,or reachoutto somebodyelse who is hurting,the woundheals justalittlebit,and thehurt becomesa memoryofbeing loved.

15.What dowe knowabout CanaceA.She wasexpert atstudying wildlife.B.She neededa newenvironment.C.Her majorwas relatedto tourism.D.She hadrich experiencein thewild.［解析］选推理判断题根据第二段中的B“Many motherflying foxesfall from the treesand die.（依偎）.（许Pam walksmiles in the rainforest,collecting babiesstill clingingto theirdying mothers多狐妈妈从树上掉下来死掉了在雨林里走了几英里，收集那些还抱着垂死母亲的婴儿）Pam及Canace camefrom Americato lenda hand to heraunt Pam,andtolook for some kindof purposein（从美国来帮助她的阿姨并在她母亲去世后寻找生life afterher motherpassed away.Canace Pam,活的目标广及下文内容可推知，需要一个新的环境，以走出失去亲人的阴影故选Canace B

16.Which canbest describePam andCanaces jobin the forestA.Significant andrewarding.B.Colorful and amusing.C.Boring anddisappointing.D.Dangerous andchallenging.【解析】选推理判断题根据第二段中的Ao“Many motherflyingfoxesfall from the treesand die.（依彳畏）」许Pam walksmiles in therainforest,collecting babiesstillclingingtotheirdyingmothers多狐妈妈从树上掉下来死掉了在雨林里走了几英里，收集那些还抱着垂死母亲的婴儿）Pam及Canace camefrom Americato lenda handto heraunt Pam,andtolook fbrsome kindof purposein（从美国来帮助她的阿姨并在她母亲去世后寻找生lifeafterhermotherpassedaway.Canace Pam,活的目标广及下文内容可知，全文讲述了和在森林中拯救那些失去母亲的小飞狐，Pam Canace同时又能从失去亲人的阴影中走出来由此推知，她们的工作意义重大，同时也是非常Canace值得的故选A

9.Magic isa formof entertainmentthat isbased onpretending todo things that areimpossible.Themagician isa speciallytrained actor.He triesto makethe audiencebelievethathe hasthe powerto dothingswhich areagainst thelaws ofnature.Magic showsare entertainingaslongasthe audience doesnot discoverhow thetricks aredone.Themagician usuallydepends on his skillwith hishands,onhisknowledge ofpsychology,and,sometimes,（机械装置）.on mechanicaldevices Sincemagic performanceis meantto trickpeople,the useofpsychology isimportant.The magicianmust keeppeople firomnoticing allthe movementsofhishandsand fromthinking about the secretparts ofhis equipment.He mustalso leadthe audienceto drawfalseconclusions.The magicianssuccess dependson thefact thatmany thingsseen bythe eyeare notthethings thatmatter.Two basicmagic tricksare makingobjects seem to appearand makingobjects seemto disappear.Acombination of these twotricks makesforsomeinteresting effects.For example,the magicianputs asmallball underone ofseveral cups.The ballthen seemsto jumpfrom onecup toanother orto changecolour.What actuallyhappens is that the magician,employing quickhand movementsoramechanicaldevice,hides oneball.While doingthis hetalks totheaudienceand wavesa brightlycoloured clothwithone hand.The audienceis toobusy watchingthe clothand listeningtothemagicians wordsto noticethathis other hand ishiding theball.Another favouritetrick is to cut or bumsomething,and thenmake itappear wholeagain.Whatactually happensisthat themagicianmakes thecut orburned objectdisappear byquickly hidingit whiletheaudience watchessomething else.Then he“magically“makes itappear wholeagain bydisplaying（展示）another objectthat hasnot beencutorburned.

28.What isthe authorsmain purposein writingthe textA.To promotea magicshow.B.To teachpeople to be magicians.C.To explain the artof magic.D.To praisethe talentsof magicians.分析纵观全文，前两段概括介绍魔术师变魔术的原理所在，后两段通过举例具体介绍变魔术的技巧方法因此，通过对本文大意的理解可推断出本文的写作目的是向读者解释魔术的艺术故选C（风景）

10.Take aview,the LandscapePhotographer of the YearAward,was theidea ofCharlie Waite,one oftoday*s mostrespected landscapephotographers.Each year,the highstandard ofentries hasshownthat the Awards arethe perfect platform to showcase theveiy best photography of the Britishlandscape.Take aview isa desirableannual competitionfbr photographersfrom allcomers of the UKandbeyond.（）Mike Shepherd201l Skiddawin WinterCumbria,England It was anextremely coldwintersevening andfreezing fbghung inthe air.T climbedtothetop ofa smallrise andrealised that the mistwaslittle morethan afew feetdeep,and thoughit wasonly ashort climb,I foundmyself completelyabove itandlooking ata wonderfullyclear viewof Skiddawwith thesun settinginthewest.I usedclassicaltechniques,translated frommy collegedays spentinthedarkroom intoPhotoshop,to achievethe（图像）.black-and-white image（）Timothy Smith2014MacclesfieldForest Cheshire,England I was backin my home townof Macclesfieldto takesome winterimages.Walking upa paththroughthe forest towardsShutlingsloe,a localhigh point,I cameacross asmallclearing andimmediately noticedthe deadyellow grassesset againstthe freshsnow.The smallpineadded tothe interestand Iplaced itcentrally totake theview fromtheforeground rightthrough intotheforest.

23.Where canthe textbe foundA.In ahistory book.B.In anovel.C.In anart magazine.D.In abiography.分析通读文章可知，本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了英国的年度风景摄影师奖,Take aview并给出了两幅获奖作品的相关信息摄影属于艺术范畴,故选项CAs GinniBazlinton reachedAntarctica,she foundherself greetedby agroup oflittle Gentoo（企鹅）penguins longingto sayhello.These gentle,lovely gatekeeperswelcomed herand kick-startedwhat wasto be a tripGinni wouldnever forget.（职Ever sinceher childhood,Ginni,now71,has hada deeplove fortravel.Throughout hercareer业）as aprofessional dancer,she touredinthe UK,but alwayslonged toexplore further.When sheretiredfrom dancingand hersons eventuallyflew thenest,she decidedit wastimetotake theplunge.After takinga degreeat ChichesterUniversity inRelated Arts,Ginni begantotraveltheworld,eventually gettingwork teachingEnglish inJapan andChile.And it was inChile shediscovered shecouldget last-minute cheapdeals onships goingto Antarcticafromtheislands offTierra delFuego,the】southernmost tipof theSouth Americanmainland.”just decidedI wanted to goJ she says.had noideaabout whatId find there andI wasn!t nervous,I justwanted todo it.And Iwantedtodo italone asI alwayspreferit thatway.”In March2008,Ginni boardeda shipwith48passengers shednever metbefore,to beginthe journeytowardsAntarctica/Trom seeingthe wildlife to witnessingsunrises,the wholeexperience wasamazing.Antarctica leftan impressionon methat noother placehas JGinni says.I rememberthe firsttime Isaw ahumpbackwhale;it justrose outofthewater likesome prehistoriccreature andI thoughtitwassmiling atus.You couldstill hearthe operaticsounds itwas makingunderwater.”The realization that thisisaprecious land,toberespected byhumans,was one ofthebiggest thingsthathit hometo Ginni.3O.What doesGinni thinkabout Antarcticaafter thejourneyA.It couldbeahome fbrher.B.It shouldbe easilyaccessible.C.It shouldbe wellpreserved.D.It needstobefully introduced..【解析】选推理判断题根据第五段可知，意识到这是一块宝贵的土地,应该受到人类的30C尊重，这是最深刻的感受之一据此可推断,认为南极洲应该受到很好的保护Ginni Ginni故选Co【典例】2（•全国甲卷）2022Sometime inthe early1960s,a significantthing happenedin Sydney,Australia.The citydiscoveredits harbor.Then,one afteranother,Sydney discoveredlots ofthingsthat were justsort ofthere——broadparks,superb beaches,andaculturally diversepopulation.But itistheharbor thatmakes thecity.Andrew Reynolds,a cheerfulfellow inhis early30s,pilots Sydneyferryboats fora living.I spentthewhole morningshuttling backand forthacross theharbor.After ourthird runAndrew shutdown theengine,and wewent ourseparate ways—hefora lunchbreak,I toexplore thecity.4T11miss theseold boatsJ hesaid aswe parted.“How doyou mean”I asked.Oh,theyre replacingthem with catamarans.Catamarans arefaster,but theyre not so elegant,andtheyre notfun topilot.But thafsprogress,!guess.”（口号），Everywhere inSydney thesedays,change andprogress arethe watchwordsand traditionsareincreasingly rare.Shirley Fitzgerald,the citysofficial historian,told methat inits rushto modernityinthe1970s,Sydney sweptaside muchof itspast,including manyof itsfinest buildings.Sydney isconfusedabout itself/she said.We cantseemto make upour mindswhether wewant amodem cityora（解决）traditional one.Ifs aconflict thatwe arentgetting anybetter atresolvingOn the otherhand,being youngand oldatthesame timehas itsattractions.!considered thiswhen Imeta thoughtfulyoung businessmannamed Anthony/Many peoplesay thatwe lackculture inthiscountry/9he toldme.66What peopleforget isthat theItalians,when theycame toAustralia,brought2000years oftheir culture,the Greekssome3000years,and theChinese morestill.We*ve gota foundationbuilton ancientcultures butwith a drive anddynamism ofa youngcountry.Ifs apretty hardcombinationto beat.”He isright,but Icant helpwishing theywould keepthose oldferries.

33.What canwe learnabout AndrewReynolds A.He goesto workby boat.B.He looksforward toa newlife.C.He pilotscatamarans well.D.He isattached tothe oldferries.•【解析】选推理判断题根据第五段所说的话33Do AndrewReynolds“Oh,theyYe replacingthem可知,withcatamarans.Catamarans arefaster,but they*re notsoelegant,and they*renotfiin topilot.”他认为双体船虽然快，但并不那么优雅，而且驾驶起来也没有乐趣结合第三段可知，他怀念旧船据此可以推知，他喜欢旧船题型二推断作者写作意图【典例1]（•全国乙卷）2022一In1916,two girlsof wealthyfamilies,best friendsfrom Auburn,N.Y.Dorothy Woodruffand一Rosamond Underwoodtraveled toa settlementintheRocky Mountainsto teachinaone-roomschoolhouse.The girlshad gone to SmithCollege.They woreexpensive clothes.So forthem tomove toElkhead,Colo,to instructthe childrenwhose shoeswere heldtogether withstring wasa surprise.Theirstay inElkhead isthe subjectof NothingDaunted:The UnexpectedEducation ofTwo SocietyGirls intheWest byDorothy Wickenden,whoisa magazineeditor andDorothy Woodruffsgranddaughter.Why didthey gothen Well,they wantedtodosomething useful.Soon,however,they realizedwhatthey hadundertaken.They movedin witha localfamily,the Harrisons,and,like them,had littleprivacy,rare baths,and ablanketof snowon theirquilt whenthey wokeup inthe morning.Some mornings,Rosamond andDorothywould arriveattheschoolhouse to findthechildren weepingfromthecold.In spring,the snowwasreplaced bymud overice.In Wickenden*sbook,she expandedonthehistory ofthe Westand alsoon feminism,which ofcourseinfluenced thegirls*decision togo toElkhead.A hair-raising sectionconcerns thebuilding ofthe（牵涉）railroads,which entaileddrilling throughthe Rockies,often inblinding snowstorms.The bookendswith Rosamondand DorothysreturntoAuburn.（坚忍）Wickenden isaverygood storyteller.The sweepoftheland and the stoicismofthepeoplemove herto somebeautiful writing.Here isa pictureof DorothyWoodruff,on herhorse,looking downfroma hilltop:When thesun slippedbehind themountains,it sheda rosyglow allaround them.Then afullmoon rose.The snowwas markedonly bysmall animals:foxes,coyotes,mice,and varyinghares,which turnedwhite inthe winter.”

26.Which part of Wickenden*s writingis hair-raising A.The extremeclimate ofAuburn.B.The livingconditions inElkhead.C.The railroadbuilding inthe Rockies.D.The naturalbeauty ofthe West.•【解析】选推理判断题根据倒数第二段26“A hair-raising sectionconcerns thebuilding oftheCo（令人毛骨悚然的railroads,which entaileddrilling throughthe Rockies,often inblinding snowstomis.一段与修建铁路有关，这涉及在令人眩目的暴风雪中钻穿落基山脉厂可知,的作品Wickenden中谈到在修建落基山脉的铁路过程中有令人毛骨悚然的经历故选C【典例】2（,新高考卷）2021I We prefer to describe emotional intelligence asa specific set ofskills that can beusedfbr eithergood orbad purposes.The abilityto accuratelyunderstand howothers arefeeling maybeused bya doctortofindhow besttohelpher patients,while acheater mightuse itto controlpotentialvictims.Being emotionallyintelligent doesnot necessarilymake onea moralperson.

33.Why doesthe authormention“doctor”and“cheater“in paragraph2A.To explaina role.B.To clarifya concept.C.To presenta fact.D.To makea prediction.［解析］推理判断题根据B“Weprefertodescribeemotionalintelligenceasaspecificsetof skillsoo（我们更喜欢把情商描述为一组特定的技能，可以thatcanbe usedfor eithergood orbad purposes.用于好的或坏的目的）“，可知此处在讲情商的概念，接着作者举的例子是为“doctoF^Pcheater”了进一步阐明这个概念题型三推断作者态度或观点【典例】1（•新高考卷）2021I Althoughpopular beliefsregarding emotionalintelligence runfar aheadof whatresearchcan reasonablysupport,the overall effects ofthe publicity have been more beneficial thanharmful.The mostpositive aspectof thispopularization isa newand muchneeded emphasison emotionbyemployers,educators andothers interestedin promotingsocial well-being.The popularizationofemotional intelligencehas helpedboth thepublic andresearchers re-evaluate thefunctionality ofemotionsand how they servepeople adaptivelyin everydaylife.

28.What isthe authorsattitude tothe popularizationofemotionalintelligence

31.Favorable.B.Intolerant.C.Doubtful.D.Unclear.【解析】推理判断题根据A theoveralleffectsofthepublicityhavebeenmorebeneficialthan可知，情商的普遍化总体效果是利大于弊，可以看出作者是赞同态度harmful”【典例】2（•全国卷）2020I Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running,research shows,while mostlikely contributing to fewer injuries.It does,however,have itsown problem.As aresult,she says,some ofthe injuriesassociated withrunning,such asrunners knee,areuncommon amongrace walkers.But thesporfs strangeform doesplace considerablestress onthe anklesandhips,so peoplewithahistory ofsuch injuriesmight wanttobecautious inadopting thesport.In fact,anyone wishingto tryrace walkingshould probablyfirst consulta coachor experiencedracer tolearnproper technique,shesays.It takessome practice.

32.Which wordbest describesthe authorsattitude torace walkingA.Skeptical.B.Objective.C.Tolerant.D.Conservative.【解析】推理判断题根据“Racewalkingsharesmanyfitnessbenefitswithrunning,research shows,Bo可知，研究表while mostlikelycontributingtofewerinjuries.It does,however,have itsown problem.”明，竞走和跑步一样有很多健身益处，而且它还很少导致受伤不过，它也有自己的问题由此判断出作者对于竞走的态度是客观的题型四推断文章出处【典例1]（•新高考卷）2022IGrading Policiesfor Introductionto LiteratureGradingScale90-100,A;80-89,B;70-79,C;60-69,D;Below60,E.（）Essays60%Your fourmajor essayswill combineto formthe mainpartofthe gradefor thiscourse:Essay1=10%;Essay2=15%;Essay3=15%;Essay4=20%（）Group Assignments30%（作业）Students willwork ingroups tocomplete fourassignments duringthe course.All theassignmentswill besubmitted bythe assigneddate throughBlackboard,our onlinelearning andcoursemanagement system.

1.Where isthistextprobably takenfromA.A textbook.B.An exampaper.C.A courseplan.D.An academicarticle.【解析选推理判断题本文中一位文学老师主要介绍了文学概论的评分标准,所以文章可I C能摘自老师的课程安排故选C【典例】2（•全国甲卷）2021Take aview,the LandscapePhotographer ofthe YearAward,was theidea ofCharlieWaite,oneoftoday7s mostrespected landscapephotographers.Each year,the highstandard ofentries hasshown thattheAwards arethe perfectplatfonn toshowcase the very bestphotography ofthe Britishlandscape.Take aview isa desirableannual competitionfor photographersfrom allcomers oftheUKandbeyond.A.Where canthe textbe foundA.In ahistory book.B.In anovel.C.In anart magazine.D.In abiography.【解析】推理判断题根据Each year,the highstandard ofentries hasshownthattheAwardsare theCo（每年参赛作品的高perfectplatformtoshowcasetheverybestphotographyoftheBritish landscape.水准表明该奖项是展示英国风景最佳摄影作品的完美平台）“可知，文章介绍英国风景摄影师年奖，属于艺术范畴，应该刊登在艺术杂志上.【题型训练】

1.Plastic fishing nets,the so-called ghostnets,abandoned yearlyinthesea―about1million tons-aremore thanjust rubbish;theyre akiller.Fish,sea birds,and turtlesget caughtinthenetting anddie,withmore speciesat risk.Much shockedat this,Pranveer SinghRathore,a materials-science engineerand materialsRDmanager atSamsung,andhisteam setthemselves thetask ofgiving newlifetothe deadlynets.Lastmonth,Samsung revealeda newline ofGalaxy productsmade inpart fromrecycled plasticfishing netsforthe firsttime.The companyestimates thisyear aloneit canrecycle over50tons of ocean-bound plasticintothe keycomponents thatwill gointo itssmartphones,tablets,and computers,thus takinga biteout oftheglobal ghostnets problem.Ifs nosmall taskto givewaste fishing nets asecond act.The netsare typicallymade ofa substance（降解）called nylonwhich tendsto dramaticallydegrade thelonger itsits inthe oceanand isexposed tothesun.This makesit nearlyimpossible to use abandonedfishingnetsdirectly,“Rathore explains.Besides,high-performance smartphone,tablet,or PChas tobe waterproofand cansurvive severeweather.The nyloninthefishingnetsfalls farshort ofthat levelof durability.To dealwith thatproblem,Samsung lastsummer teamedup withtwo partners:onetocollect and（颗粒）transform thenets intotiny nylonpellets whilethe otherto strengthentheir toughnessanddurability.The endresult:The partnershit uponan eco-friendly andhigh-performance plasticmaterialthats being used to build the component parts for its latest line of products.For example,two partsofthe一Galaxy S22mobile phonethe keybracket andthe innercover-aremadeof thesefishing-net plasticmaterials.Samsung aimsto useeven moreupcycled materialsin futureproduct lines.“Thats thehope fbr the globeand ourmission JRathore smiles.

2.What canwe learnabout Rathoreswork

1.It makesplastic easierto breakdown.B.It marksthe shiftof Samsungsmission.C.It protectsthe planetfrom chokingon plastic.D.It raisespublic awarenessofoceanexploration.【解析】推理判断题根据倒数第二段“Samsung lastsummer teamedup withtwo partners:one toCo（颗粒）collect andtransform thenets intotiny nylonpellets whiletheotherto strengthentheir toughnessanddurability.The endresult:The partnershit uponan eco-friendly andhigh-performance plastic（的团队与material thafsbeingusedtobuildthecomponentpartsforitslatestlineofproducts.Rathore合作伙伴在对渔网进行处理以至于其被重复利用的时候，合作伙伴偶然发现了一种环保的高性能塑料材料，并用于制作三星最新产品系列的零部件）”以及Samsung aimstouseeven more（三星的目标是在未来的产品线中使用更多的升级循环upcycled materialsin futureproduct lines.材料厂可知，这样做必然会大量回收和利用废弃渔网，从而减少地球上的废弃渔网数量，故推知的工作可以保护地球不被塑料堵塞Rathore

2.When Jerrysgrandchildren turned13,his presentto eachof themwas fourjars:one fbrSpending,one fbrSaving,one fbrGiving,and anotherfor Investing.Itwasfrom thenonthathis grandchildrenstartedtobein controlof whattodo with the money theyreceive.The valuetaught with the Spendingjar isthat youare responsiblefor yourown happiness.Moneygives youindependence andthe opportunityto buysomething youlike.The wideraim ofthe jarsis toencourage teenagersto thinkmore objectivelyabout money and thethingsthat itcan do,so thatthey cangrow upunderstanding thevalue ofthe valuable.In thisway,theywill bebetter equippedin theiradult livestomakeinformed choicesabout how they usethemoneytheyhave.Indeed,the smallchange insidetheir jarscould meana bigchange inhowtheymanage theirmoney.

5.What isthe purposeofthelast paragraphA.To givesuggestions.B.To drawa conclusion.C.To makea comparison.D.To presentan example.【解析】推理判断题根据“The wideraim ofthe jarsistoencourage teenagersto thinkmoreBoobjectively aboutmoneyandthe thingsthat itcan do,so thatthey cangrow upunderstanding thevalue of.（这些罐子更广泛的目的是鼓励青少年更客观地思考金钱和它能做的事情，这样他the valuable们就能在成长过程中理解有价值的东西的价值）”以及最后一句“Indeed,the smallchange inside.（事实上，罐子里的小零钱可能their jarscould meana bigchange inhowtheymanage theirmoney意味着他们理财方式的巨大变化厂可知最后一段总结了这些罐子的用途和目的

3.California plansto treat35,000acres offorest ayear by2020,and60,000by2030——financed（拍卖）.fromtheproceeds ofthe statesemissions-permit auctionsThats onlya smallshare ofthe totallandarea thatcould benefit,about halfa millionacres inall,so itwill bevital toprioritize areasat greatestriskof fireor drought.State governmentsare wellaccustomed tomanaging forests,but traditionallytheyve focusedon（分水岭）wildlife,watersheds andopportunities forrecreation.Only recentlyhave theycome tosee thevital part forests will haveto playin storing carbon.California9s plan,which isexpected tobe finalizedbythe governor next year,should serveasamodel.

6.According tothe author,Californias Planis.A.impractical B.worthless C.promising D.appealing［解析］推理判断题根据C“Only recentlyhave theycome tosee thevitalpartforestswillhave toooplay instoringcarbon.Californias plan,which isexpected tobe finalizedbythegovernornextyear,（直至最近，他们才认识到森林在储存碳方面所起的重要作用加州should serveasamodel.U的计划有望在明年由州长最终确定，应该成为一个样板）”可知，作者认为，加州的计划是有希望的、有前景的

4.When thephone finallystopped ringingandthehouse laystill with grief,I filledmy homewith（米续存留）.the sweet smell of peach pie to mask the scent of woirythat still lingered4The weekendafter Dadsdiagnosis,Mom hadsent thesame textto eachconcerned relativeandfriend:Jay wasdiagnosedwithPicks disease.We aregoing backtothedoctor formore information.ThenMom putdown thephone,rubbed herforehead,and suggestedthatwego foradrive.On theinterstate,wepassed aboard withclear redletters:Fredericksburg peaches,thebestfruit youcan findin CentralTexas.Mom wentto negotiatewith thestand owner.Now inour kitchen,the sweetsmell ofpeach juicedrifted intothe livingroom andpulled Dadawayfrom thefootball gameon TV.（欢快）.“Oh!You gotpeaches^^He eyedthe fruitwith childishglee“Here JI handedhim aknife.We^e makingpeach pie.”I showedhim how to peelthe skinoff.As Imade piedough,he askedquestions:How longdoes ittaketo bakeAre youadding sugarHow manypeaches Whatshould Idowiththe seedsShowing himhowto slice and measure and mix ina calm,firm voice,I suddenlyfelt grownup.The summerhad reversedour roles;now,Iwasthe adult.I stayedhome allsummer andcooked hisdinner,washed hisT-shirts andhelped himmake phonecalls.I stayedup latethinking abouthim andmonitoredhim likean anxiouscaretaker.The sameday,beforetheafternoon driveand peachpie,I hadheld mytears asI readthe diagnosisfbrPicks disease:four toten years,depending onhow fastthe damagedproteins overpowerDads brain.Idecided then that I would be grateful forjust fourmore yearswith Dad,enough fbrhim tosee mebecomean adult fbr real.

7.What canwe learnaboutthefamily fromthe passageA.It takesyears forDad torecover.B.The authorenjoys thetime with Dad.C.Dad showslittle interestin footballgames.D.The authorgets annoyedby Dadsquestions.【解析】推理判断题根据文章倒数第三段中Bo“Showing himhowtosliceandmeasureandmixin（我向他展示了如何用平静、坚定的声音切分、测量和acalm,firm voice,I suddenlyfelt grownup.混合，我突然觉得自己长大了）”和最后一段中“I decidedthenthatIwouldbegratefulfbr justfour（我当时决定，我将感谢与more yearswithDad,enough fbrhim tosee mebecome anadultfbrreal.父亲再相处四年，足够他看到我真正成为一个成年人）”可知，作者很享受和父亲在一起的时光

8.Which ofthe followingbest describesthis summerfbrtheauthorA.Tough andconfusing.B.Boring butrewarding.C.Annoying andstruggling.D.Painstaking butmeaningful.【解析】推理判断题根据第一段“When thephone finallystopped ringingandthehouse laystillDo.withgrief,I filledmyhomewiththesweetsmellofpeachpietomaskthescentofworry thatstilllingered（当电话铃终于停了，整个房子都沉浸在悲伤之中时，我用桃子馅饼的甜味填满了我的家，以掩盖仍然挥之不去的忧虑的味道广可知，作者费尽心思不让家人感到忧虑同时通过向父亲展示了如何制作桃子馅饼，我突然觉得自己长大了，这又是很有意义的项D“Painstaking but（痛苦但有意义的）”符合题意meaningful

5.A newversion ofa studentloan forgivenessapplicationwill be officiallylaunched bytheEducation Departmentlaterthismonth.It isto cancelup to$10,000in debtfor thoseearning lessthan$125,000per yearand upto$20,000for thosewho receivedPell Grants.It willnot forgiveany studentloandebt underthe debtrelief planprior toOctober23,

2022.How longtheapplicationwillbeup:The departmentis offeringperiodic accesstothe。