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年高考英语一轮复习讲练测人教版20232019选择性必修二Unit4Journey acrossa VastLandI.单句语法填空
1.2020•新高考全国I卷Always makeyourpresentation justabit shorterthananticipate.
2.2020•浙江高考Takingpicturesofpolarbearsisamazingbutalsodangerous.Polarbearslikeallwildanimals—shouldphotograph froma safedistance.
3.2019•北京高考Sincehefirststartedvolunteeringhiscartotheyoungpeople,Wilsonhascoveredanastonish64,000miles,andhashadcountlesspleasantandoftenhumorousconversationswiththestudentshetransports loandfrom school.
4.2019•全国卷mostofus volunteersbreathasigh ofreliefwhen heseasoncomes toaclose.
5.2019•天津高考Submit afirstdraft ofyour essay,performance script,ordocumentary highlight.II.完成句子
1.1,smartphonesnotonlytakeupourvaluabletime,butalsodogreatharmtoourhealth.正相反,智能手机不仅占用我们宝贵的时间而且还对我们的健康有害
2.Seeing theirfavoritestarcome in,看到最喜欢的明星进来了,这些忠实的粉丝立马从座位上站了起来
3.his sonhad been caught cheating in theexams.他的儿子考试作弊被抓住了,这使他大为吃惊
4.Hehisfirst teacherofEnglish thathehad agood pronunciation.他良好的发音归功于他的第一位英语老师
5.today Chineseisone ofthemostimportantlanguages in theworld.亳无疑问,汉语是当今世界上最重要的语言之一III.语法填空Few peopleIknowseem tohave muchdesire ortimetocook.Making Chinese
1.dishis seenas especiallytroublesome.Many westerners
2.cometoChinacookmuchlessthanintheirowncountriesoncetheyrealizehowcheap
3.canbeloeatout.Istill remember
4.visitafriendwhodlivedherefbrfiveyearsandI
5.shockwhenIlearntshehadntcookedonceinallthattime.While regularlyeating outseems to
6.become commonfor manyyoung peoplein recentyears,itsnot withoutacost.Theobviousoneis money;eating outonceor twiceaweekmay be
7.affordbut doingthismost daysadds up.There couldbe aneven
8.high coston yourhealth.Researchers havefound thatthereisadirectlinkbetweentheincreaseinfoodeatenoutsidethehomeandtherisein
9.weighproblems.If youare notgoing tosuffer thisproblem,thenIsuggest that thenexttimeyou go to yourmumshome
10.dinner,get afewcooking tipsfrom her.Cookingfood canbe fun.You mightalso beginto noticetheeffectsnotonly onyourhealth butinyour pocket.IV.阅读理解ASciencefictionpaintsafuturewhererobotsplayanimportantpartineverydaylife.AtechnologyfirmistryingtomakethatfuturearealitytodaywithanaffordablerobotcalledArtibo.Artiboissmall.Itsbrain,orAIblock,isacube立方体thatfitsinyourhand.Thatblock connectstoamotorblockandtwosiliconwheels.Assembled,its aboutfour inchestall.Artibo ismuch more than justa robotthat youprogram tomovearound.Artibos designerswant ittoprovidecompanionshipandbearesourceforlearningcoding.Withitscamera,microphoneandconnectionto acloud-based AI,il canrespond tovoice commandsor functionlike awalkie-talkie对讲机.Il talkslikeachatbotand cantellbedtime stories.Il caneven help you learnotherlanguages!Artiboisnt quitereadyfbrstores yet,though.Its partofacrowdfimding project.Crowd fundingisaprogram whereyou pula requestonline oa crowdof people.Supporters canthen paylarge orsmallamounts to helpyoufinish aproject.Artibo willfirst be available topeople whohave paidtohelpbring itintoproduction.Using computercode toprogram yourown toysis nothingnew.LEGO firstreleased arobot kitin
1998.Sincethen,programmablerobotshavebecomeoneofthebest-sellingunitsintheLEGOproductline.Programmingrobotsmightsoundcomparabletorocketscience,butanyonecanprogramoneusingnothingmore thanatablet orasmartphone andcodeblocks.Codeblocksallowyoutoprogramsimpleorcomplexcommandsbyassemblingvisualblocksofcodeonthecanvas画布ofacomputerscreen.Justdraganddropavarietyofcodeblocksfromaprogrammingmenu linkthem together,and watchhow yourrobot responds.In Artiboscase codingdoesnt stopthere.Unlike othersimilar programmabletoys,Artibo willalso allowyou towrite yourown code.So asyourfamiliarity with codingincreases,you wontlose interestin Artibo.
1.According tothepassage,thepurpose ofdevelopingArtibo is.A.helping peoplelearn anythingthey wantand providingcompanionshipB.providing arobotthat canmove,accompany andhelp peoplelearncodingC.chatting withpeople,telling bedtimestoriesandsupplying languagesD.helping peopleraisemoney onlineandcreating programmablerobots
2.Whatcan beconcludedfrom thepassageA.Programming robotsis notreally complicated.B.Programming robotsis advancedlike arocket.C.Programming robotscan beusedin smartphones.D.Programming robotsused intoysisnot newat all.
3.The passageimplies that.A.people can program variousorders evenwithout code blocksB.anyone cancontrol Artibofreely unlikeotherprogramming toysC.themore familiaryourewithcoding,themoreyou11likeArtiboD.ariibo ispopular intheworldespecially amongyoung peopleBForseveraldecades,therehasbeenanextensiveandorganizedcampaignintendedtogeneratedistrustinscience,fundedbyregulatedindustriesandlibertarianthinklanks(自由主义智囊团)whoseinterestsandbeliefsarethreatenedbythefindingsofmodernscience.Inresponse,scientistshavetendedtostressthesuccessofscience.Afterall,scientistshavebeenrightaboutmostthings,fromthestructureoftheuniverseto therelativityoftimeand space.Quotingsuccessesisntwrong,butformanypeopleitsnotpersuasive.Whatistypicallydeclaredtobethe scientificmethod—develop asupposition,then designan experimentto testit—isnt whatscientistsactually do.Science is active sothat newmethods getinvented andold onesget abandoned.The scientificmethoddoesnt alwayswork.False theoriescan producetrue results,so evenif anexperiment works,itdoesnt provethat thetheoryit wasdesigned totest istrue.If thereisnoidentifiable scientificmethodthen whatisthe guaranteefor trustinscienceTheansweristhemethodsbywhichthoseclaimsareevaluated.Ascientificclaimisneveracceptedastnie untilit hasgone through a longprocess ofexamination byfellow scientists.Until thispoint,scientificfeedbackistypicallyfairlyfriendly.But(henextstepisdifferent:oncethepaperisready,itispresentedtoa scientificjournak wherethings geta wholelot tougher.Editors deliberatelysend scientificpapers(opeoplewhoarenotfriendsorcolleaguesof(heauthors,andthejobofthereviewersistofinderrorsorotherinadequacies.Wecall this process peerrevicw^^because thereviewersare scientificpeers butthey actintheroleofasuperiorwhohasboththerightandtheobligationtofindfault.Itisonlyafterthereviewersandthe editor arc satisfiedthat anyproblems havebeen fixedthatthepaper isaccepted forpublication andentersthebodyof“science.”Does(hisprocessever gowrong Ofcourse.Scientists arehuman.But ifwe lookcarefully athistoricalcases wherescience wentwrong,typically therewas noagreement reachedby all.Some peoplearguethat weshould nottrust sciencebecause scientistsare^always changingtheir minds”.Whileexamples of truly settled science beingoverturned arcfar fewerthan issometimes claimed,they doexist.Butthebeautyofthisscientificprocess isthatitexplainswhatmightotherwise叩pearparadoxical(矛盾的)thatscienceproducesbothnovelty(新颖性)andstability.Newobservations,ideas,interpretationsintroduce novelty:transformative questioningleads tocollective decisionsand thestability ofscientificknowledge.Scientists dochange theirminds inthe faceof newevidence,but thisisastrength ofscience,not aweakness.
1.Distrustin sciencehas beenfound because.A.scientists citingsuccessesisnt persuasivefbr manypeople tosomeextentB.mostscientists havetended tolaytoomuch emphasisonthe successofscienceC.a wide-ranging andorganized campaignhas beenfounded insomeindustriesand thinktanksD.someones benefitsand beliefsare endangeredbythefindings ofmodernscience
2.Whichofthefollowing statementswilltheauthoragree withabout ascientificmethodA.Ascientific methoddoesnt necessarilytake effectbecause scienceis changing.B.Ascientificmethod isnot rightbecause it isnt whatscientists actuallydo.C.Asuccessful experimentcan guaranteethe truthfulnessofaclaim byascientificmethod.D.True theoriescan producefalse resultsbecausethe scientificmethoddoesnt work.
3.What purposedocs“peer reviewin evaluatinga scientificclaimmainly serveA.The scientificclaimcan becompletelyaccepted bythereviewers inthesame field.B.The scientificpeerscan drawrightconclusions byfindingitsfaults orotherinadequacies.C.Thescienlific claimcan bepublishedand recognizedas trueinscience.D.The scientificpapercan besuccessfullysubmittedtoa scientificjournal.
4.It canbe inferredfrom(helast paragraphthat.A.not alltheclaims aboutthefalsehood ofwell-established sciencelead toitsbeing overturnedB.it isinevitablethatscience sometimesgoeswrong becauseitappears paradoxicalC.thebeauty ofscience liesin theparadoxofbeing bothnoveland stableD.science isnottrustful becausescientistsalways changetheirmindsV.七选五Friends shouldalways behonest withyou,right Sowhen theylie,it canbe reallyhard totake.Youwant totrust your friends andthat meansknowing thatthey Mltell itto youstraight nomatter what itis.1Whydoes thishappen2One ofthe biggestreasons friendslie issimply toavoid hurtingyour feelings.Some peopledontunderstand thedifference betweenbeing gentlyhonest witha friendandbeing sostraightforward thattheyleave averbalwound.They choosetoavoid thesetwoextremes intheform ofalie.They feelembarrassed.Sometimesfriendswilllieaboutthingsintheirlifebecausetheyaretooembarrassedtoadmitthetruth.Maybe theyare goingthrougharough timeand theyjust dont want you to knowabout it.Avoid trying tobadger(纠缠)your friendsinto tellingyouwhats wrong.3Avoid anargument withyou.Perhapsyourfriendsknowthatiftheytellyouthetruth,youllgetangrywiththein.Makesurethatifafriend tellsyou something unpleasant,you dontoveract.4If youdo endup arguing,do itin arespectableway.Excludeyou.Lying isntalways asign thatfriends aretrying toprotect you,however.5When youfind outwithcertainty that your friend is lyingto you,try andface it.If youfeel yourfriendislying becausehe orshedoesnt want tobe aroundyou,that,syour wake-up tomoveon.A.Protect yourfeelings.B.They wantto beyourcloser friends.C.But afriendwho liesisnl alwaystryingtohurt you.D.Considerwhats beingsaidand whyyourfriendis tellingyouthis.E.Being honestandmaking asincereeffort cankeep hefriendship strong.F.Sometimes theyliebecause theydontwantyoutobeincluded intheirplans.G.Instead,make itclearthatyouare thereforthem whenand iftheyare readytotalk.VI.完形填空Haveyou evertraveledaroundbybikeThisspringmyolderbrotherandI]hebusycityandspentalong weekendcycling inthe countryside.Our speedwas onlyaround14kph,but wedidnt
2.We hadnlcometobreak anyspeed records,after all.All wewantedwere some3air anda breakfrom schoolwork.Wereally4ourselveswhilecyclingalongtraffic-freecountrypaths.Therewasplentyofsunshine,butit wasquitecold,5inthemornings.Thegood newswas thatsoon we6_as werodealong.Our only7waswhenmybrakesstartedmakingaterriblenoise.ButIdidntcareasitgaveusan8tovisitacaf6whileabikemechanic机修工hada lookatit.Everyfewkilometrestherewasa9wherewecouldtalkwithlocalpeople.Oneofthewomenwasvery10andshowedushewaywhenwegotlost.OnSaturdaynightwewere11at2a.m.bysomeyoungpeople.They keptsinging loudlyinthenextroom,whichmadeussleepless allnight.Wefelt very12whenwegotup henext morning.Soon we
13.We weremore cheerfulon theway whenthe suncame out.Luckily,things likethat happenedonly once.Anyway Istill liketraveling aroundby bike—its14and itsfiin.Ifyoure lookingfbrashort breakthats activeand cheap,then cyclingis agreat15!
1.A.left B.visited C.found D.reached
2.A.regret B.mind C.fail D.realize
3.A.fresh B.hin C.cool D.dry
4.A.hurt B.hated C.changed D.enjoyed
5.A.probably B.especiallyC.specially D.immediately
6.A.came backB.gave upC.warmed upD.calmed down
7.A.wish B.problem C.decision D.memory
8.A.order B.opinionC.excuse D.explanation
9.A.city B.lake C.school D.village
10.A.friendly B.honestC.stupid D.nen-ous
11.A.saved B.paid C.woken D.greeted
12.A.shy B.busy C.bored D.tired
13.A.set offB.called backC.settled downD.brokedown
14.A.true B.simpleC.difficult D.dangerous
15.A.goal B.dream C.result D.choice参考答案I.
1.Always makeyourpresentation justabit shorterthananticipatedanticipate.
2.Taking picturesof polarbears isamazing butalso dangerous.Polar bears—like allwild animals—shouldbephotoRraihed photographfromasafe distance.
3.Since hefirst startedvolunteering hiscar tohe youngpeople,Wilson hascovered anastonishingastonish64,000miles,andhashadcountlesspleasantandoftenhumorousconversationswithhestudentshetransports toandfrom school.
4.StilL mostofus volunteersbreathe breathasigh ofreliefwhen theseasonconies toaclose.
5.Submita firstdraftofyouressay,performance script,ordocumentary hiRhlixhtshighlight.II.
1.Onthecontrary,smartphonesnotonlytakeupourvaluabletime,butalsodogreatharmtoourhealth.
2.Seeing theirfavoritestarconic in.thedevoted fansarose fromtheirseats iminediatels.
3.What astonishedhimwas thathis sonhadbeencaughtcheatingintheexams.
4.Heowed ittohisfirst teacherofEnglishthat hehadagoodpronunciation.
5.There isnodoubtthat todayChineseis oneofthemost importantlanguagesintheworld.HL【文章大意】因为做饭麻烦,所以很多人到饭馆吃饭,但经常这样不仅浪费钱,还容易发胖,导致健康问题l.disheso考查名词复数此处用名词复数泛指中国菜
2.who/lhal考查定语从句先行词指人,故用who/that引导定语从句,并在从句中作主语
3.ito考查代词it作形式主语,不定式teat out为真正的主语
4.visitingo考查非谓语动词remember doingsth.”记得做过某事”,为固定搭配
5.wasshocked考查时态和语态此处动作与后面的whenIlearnt...发生时间一致,应为过去时;I和shock之间为被动关系,指“我”感到震惊,故此处为过去时的被动语态
6.have become考查时态根据后面的时间状语in recentyears可知,此处应该用现在完成时
7.affordableo考查词性转换根据语境可知此处作表语,所以要用形容词形式
8.higher考查形容词比较级根据even可判断,此处要用形容词的比较级,表示付出比钱更高的代价
9.weighto考查词性转换表示体重方面的问题,要用名词作定语
10.for考查介词此处goto...for...构成搭配,表示目的IV.A
1.【解析】选Bo细节理解题根据第二段中Artiboismuchmorethanjustarobotthatyouprogramtomove around.Artibos designerswant itto providecompanionship andbearesource forlearning coding.阿蒂博不仅仅是一个你可以随意移动的机器人阿蒂博的设计者希望它能提供陪伴,并成为学习编程的资源可知阿蒂博机器人不仅能移动,也能提供陪伴,帮助学习编程故选B项
2.【解析】选Ao推理判断题根据第四段中Programmingrobotsmightsoundcomparabletorocketscience,but anyonecanprogramone usingnothingmorethana tabletorasmartphone andcodeblocks.编程机器人可能听起来像火箭科学,但任何人都可以用平板电脑或智能手机和代码块为机器人编程可知,编程机器人真的并不复杂故选A项
3.【解析】选C推理判断题根据最后一段中Unlikeothersimilarprogrammabletoys,Artibowillalsoallowyou towriteyourowncode.Soasyourfamiliaritywithcodingincreases,youwon,tloseinterestin Artibo.与其他类似的可编程玩具不同,阿蒂博还允许你编写自己的代码因此,随着你对编码的熟悉程度的增加,你不会对阿蒂博失去兴趣可知,你对编码越熟悉,就越喜欢阿蒂博故选C项B
1.【解析】选D0细节理解题根据第一段第一句可知,几十年来,有一个广泛的、有组织的运动,目的是产生对科学的不信任,由受管制的行业和自由主义智囊团资助,他们的利益和信仰受到现代科学发现的威胁:由此可知,人们发现对科学的不信任是因为某些人的利益和信仰受到现代科学发现的威胁,故D项正确
2.[解析]选A推理判断题©根据第二段中的“Scienceisactivesothatnewmethodsgetinventedandold onesget abandoned.Thescientific methoddoesnt alwayswork.”科学是活跃的,新方法被发明,旧方法被抛弃,所以科学的方法并不总是有效的可知,作者可能会同意“科学方法不一定有效,因为科学正在发生变化”这一说法,故A项正确
3.【解析】选C细节理解题根据倒数第二段中的最后两句“我们称这个过程为同行评审,因为评审人员是科学上的同行,但是他们扮演着上级的角色,有权利也有义务找出错误,只有在审稿人和编辑满意之后,任何问题都得到了解决,论文才会被接受发表并进入科学领域”可知,在评估一项科学声明时,同行评审的主要目的是说明这一科学论断可以在科学领域上发表并被认为是正确的,故C项正确
4.【解析】选A推理判断题根据最后一段中的“While examplesoftrulysettledsciencebeingoverturnedarefarfewerthanissometimesclaimed,theydoexist.”虽然真正解决的科学被推翻的例子比有时声称的要少得多,但它们确实存在可知,并非所有关于公认科学的谬误的说法都会导致它被推翻,故A项正确V.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文文章分析了朋友对你说谎的四种原因并给出了对应的处理办法
1.【解析】选C根据后文Whydocsthishappen为什么会这样?结合后文分析了朋友对你撒谎的原因可知,说谎的朋友并不总是试图伤害你故选C
2.[解析]选Ao根据本段第一句Oneofhebiggestreasonsfriendslieissimplyloavoidhurtingyourfeelings.句意朋友说谎的最大原因之•就是避免伤害你的感情由此可知,本段说明了朋友撒谎是为了保护你的感受故选A
3.【解析】选G根据上文Avoid tryingto badgeryour friendsintotelling youwhats wrong.句意不要纠缠你的朋友,让他们告诉你出了什么事由此可知,朋友对你撒谎是因为自己正在经历艰难的时期,因此最好的做法是不要纠缠你的朋友,而是在他们准备好跟你谈心的时候,清楚地告诉他们你在他们身边陪伴他们故选G
4.【解析】选Do结合上文Perhapsyourfriendsknowthatiftheytellyouthetruth,youllgetangrywiththem.Make surethat ifafriend tellsyousomethingunpleasant,you dontoveract.句意也许你的朋友知道如果他们告诉你真相,你会生他们的气确保如果朋友告诉你一些不愉快的事情,你不要反应过度由此可知,朋友对你撒谎可能是为了避免和你发生争执,避免让你生气,所以在朋友告诉你真相的时候,你应该冷静想想他们说了什么,以及为什么要跟你说这些故选D
5.【解析】选F根据上文Lying isntalways asignthatfriends aretryingtoprotect you,however.句意然而,撒谎并不总是朋友试图保护你的信号以及最后一句Ifyoufeelyourfriendislyingbecausehe orshe doesntwanttobe aroundyou,thats yourwakc-up tomove on.句意如果你觉得你的朋友在说谎,因为他或她不想和你在一起,那是你继续前进的警钟可知,有时候朋友们对你撒谎仅仅是因为他们不想跟你在一起,不想让你加入他们的计划故选F VI.【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文作者讲述了自己和哥哥在周末骑自行车去乡下游玩的经历
1.【解析】选Ao由该空后的spent along weekendcycling inthe countryside”可知,哥哥和“我离开left”繁忙的城市去了乡下
2.【解析】选B由该空后的“We hadntcome tobreak anyspeed records”可知,我们的车速只有14千米每小时,但是我们并不“介意miM”
3.【解析】选A从城市来到乡下应该是想呼吸一下“新鲜的fresh”空气
4.解析]选D由该空后的“cyclingalongtraffic-freecountrypaths”可知,在没有汽车的乡间小路上,我们无忧无虑地骑着自行车,十分享受enjoyonesel产过得愉快工
5.【解析】选B“特别especially”是早上非常冷
6.【解析】选Co由上文的“itwasquitecold”和“Thegoodnews”可知,我们骑了一会儿自行车感觉“暖和多了warmed up”
7.【解析】选B由该空后的“mybrakes startedmaking aterriblenoise”可知,这里是说“问题problem”
8.解析]选C由该空后的visitacafewhileabikemechanichadalookatit”可知,趁着机修工帮我们修自行车,我们就有“借口excuse”去咖啡馆逛一逛了
9.【解析】选Do由上文的“thecountryside”和该空格后的“we couldtalk withlocal people”可知,这里是说每隔几千米就有一个“村庄village”
10.【解析】选Ao由该空后的“showed ustheway whenwc gotlost”可知,这位妇女非常“友好friendly/\
11.【解析】选C由下文的They keptsingingloudlyinthenextroom”可知,我们被隔壁的一些年轻人吵醒woken”了o
12.【解析】选D一晚上没有休息好,所以早上起来后应该感觉很“累lired”
13.【解析】选A由该空格后的Wewere morecheerfiilontheway”可知,很快我们就“出发setoff”了
14.【解析】选骑着自行车游玩既“简单simple”又快乐15•【解析】选D总览全文可知,作者认为骑自行车游玩是一个很好的“选择choice”。