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1.一般过去时
(1)一般过去时的概念、构造以及用法一般过去时用来表示过去某一时间内发生的动作或存在的状态以及过去习惯性、反复性的动作谓语动词要用动词的过去式,常和表示过去的时间状语连用,如yesterday昨天、last flight昨晚、上周、去年,等.last weeklast year一般过去时主要表示过去的动作或状态在句子中由主语+动词的过去式来表达♦(一^现在时)
1.He walksto school.(一般过去时)
2.He walkedto school.例中的动词时现在式,由于主语是第三人称单数因此原因的必须加上,L walkshe,walk“s〃表示目前习惯性、经常性动作可译为“他现在经常步行上学〃例中的动词是过去式,过去式是表达过去事情的动词形式,所以这句话时表示的是
2.walked过去的某时,例如昨天、上周或学生时代等过去的某一时间,这句可译为“他曾经步行上学〃〔2〕一般过去时的几种构造动词的过去式
1.be与的过去式是am is was的过去式是are were动词的过去时的句型如下be肯定句主语动词的过去式〔+be was were]~否认句主语+动词的过去式〔be was,were]+not〜疑问句动词的过去式〔主语~be was,were]+(肯定句)他昨天很忙OHe wasbusy yesterday..(否认句)他昨天不忙OI lewas notbusy yesterday(疑问句)他昨天忙吗OWas hebusy yesterday〔〕动词过去时的肯定句1be麦克去年在美国Mike wasin theUnited Stateslast year.动词的现在式和过去式的句型用于一般过去时需把变为它们的be Thereis areis,are过去式There was were,••〔〕动词过去式的否认句2be他去年不在加拿大He wasnot inCanada last year.动词过去时的否认句的构造和现在时一^羊,只要在动词过去式〔]后面加be bewas,were上就可以了否认式的大多使用缩写形式和not wasnot,were notwasn tweren t.------前几天我不忙1wasn tbusy the other day.〔〕动词的过去时的疑问句〔一般疑问句〕3beWas itraining inBeijing yesterday------Yes,it was.------No,it wasn t.I twas cloudy.昨天下雨了吗?——是的,下了------不,没下雨昨天阴天动词过去时一般疑问句的构造和一般现在时一样,只要把动词的过去式调be bewas,we re到主语前面即可主语~答复时,需要用.或waswere+Yes,…waswereNQ…wasntwerent今天上午你爸爸有空吗?Was yourfather freethis morning.是的,他有空.不,他没空Yes,he wasNo,he wasnt练习题
一、用动词的适当形式填空be
1.I atschool just now.
2.He atthe camplast week.
3.We studentstwo years ago.
4.They on the farma momentago.
5.Yang Lingeleven years old lastyear.
6.There anapple onthe plateyesterday.
7.There somemilk in the fridgeon Sunday.
8.The mobilephone onthe sofayesterday evening..一般动词的过去时2★一般动词过去式的根本句型如下肯定句主语+动词的过去式否认句主语++动词原形〜did not〜疑问句主语+动词原形?Did+〜(肯定句)他上周打网了OHe playedtennis last week.(否认句)上周他没打网球OHe did not play tennis last week.(疑问句)上周他打网球了吗?ODid heplaytennislast week★规那么动词的过去式一般情况下,在动词原形后面加1-ed一look-looked playplayed startsstarted visit—visited pull-pulled,cook-cooked.以不发音结尾的动词,在词尾直接加2e-dlive-lived use—used taste-tasted.以“辅音字母〃结尾的动词,先将改为再加3+y yi,-cdstudy-studied trytried fly—flied.以重读闭音节〔即辅音+元音+辅音〕或音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,要先双4r写这个辅音字母后,再加-edstop-stopped plan—planned prefer-preferred那么什么是重读闭音节?♦
①必须是重读音节
②以一个辅音字母结尾
③元音字母发短音总结来说就是一元一辅,又重又短例子〔滴下〕beg dragdrop drip不规那么动词的过去式需特殊记忆
5.〔〕把动词原形中的改为变成过去式如:1i a,begin——began drink—drank give——gave,ring-rang,sing-sang,5〔〕把重读开音节中的改为变成过去式如sit——sat,swim—swam2i o,drive—drove,ride——rode,write——wrote〔〕改动词原形中的为变成过去式如3aw/ow ew,一一一〔动司除draw drew,grow—grew,know knew,throw threwi show夕卜,〕show—showed〔〕动词原形中的改为变成过去式如4eo,get—got,forget-forgot〔〕动词原形中的改为变成过去式口:5ee e,4feed——fed,meet-met〔〕动词原形中的改为变成过去式如一一6eep ept,keep kept,sleep slept,sweep一swept〔〕动词原形中的改为变成过去式如一一7eak oke,break broke,speak spoke〔〕动词原形中的改为变成过去式如一一8ell old,sell sold,tell told〔〕动词原形中的改为变成过去式如9an oo,stand——stood,understand——understood〔〕以和结尾,且读音是〔〕的过去式如10ought aughtt一bring-brought,buy bought,think—thought,catch—caught,teach-taught〔〕以结尾且读音为[]的情态动词过去式如11ould udcan—could,shall——should,will—would〔〕把动词原形中的改为变成过去式如12o a,e——came,bee——became〔〕在动词原形后加或变成过去式,并且发生音变如13d thear—heard,mean—meant〔〕动词的过去式与动词原形一样如14let——let,must-must,put——put,read——read,cost——cost,cut——cut,hit——hit,put——put,hurt——hurt〔〕不符合上述规律的动词过去式如15一一一一am,iswas,are-were,build built,do—did,eat-ate,fall fell,feel一一一一一felt,find found,fly flew,go went,have/has had,hold held,leave一left,make——made,may——might run——ran,see——saw,take——took,say——said★
1.一般动词过去式的肯定句.昨天我们过得很愉快We hada goodtime yesterday昨天他过得很快乐He hada goodtime yesterday.一般过去时没有人称和数的变化因此,主语即使是单数、第三人称,也和其他人称一羊化我看了一个小时的电视OI watchedTV foran hour.两年前他学俄语OShe studiedRussian two yearsago..一般动词过去时的否认句2昨天我们过得不好We did not havea goodtime yesterday.一般动词过去时的否认句的构造和一般现在时够定句的构造一样,不管主语是第几人称,还是单、复数,在主语后面加上〔而不是,或]就可以了否认式didnot do notdoes notdidnot常用缩写形式didn to今天上午他〉殳课.OHe dicint haveclasses thismorning.你没有尽力去做OYou didn tdoyour bestto doit..一般动词过去时的疑问句3他去那了吗Did hego there是的,他去了〔不,他没去〕Yes,he did.No,he dicint.今天早晨你几点钟起床的?六点钟When didyou getup thismorning Atsix.一般动词过去时一般疑问句的构造和一般现在时一般疑问句的构造一样,无论主语是第几人称,单数、复数,在主语前面加上即可did汤姆和你一^起去的吗?ODid Tomgo withyou.是的〔不,不是的〕Yes,he did.No,he dicint上学期你们学习几门功课OHow manysubjects didyou studylast term我们学习七门课We studiedseven.一般现在时一般过去时比拟一般动词的现在时和过去时♦肯定句I go〜.He goes〜.I went~・He went~・否认句I dont go〜.He doesnt go〜.1didnt go〜.He didntgo〜.疑问句??Do yougo〜Does hego〜Did yougo〜Did hego〜〔3〕一般过去时的几种用法.带有确定的过去时间状语时,要用过去时1如(昨天),〔两夭前〕,〔去年〕yesterday twodays agolastyearthe otherday〔前几天〕,〔过去曾经〕,〔刚刚〕,〔过去的once upona timejust nowin theold days日子里〕,〔解放前〕,〔当我八岁时〕.before liberationwhen Iwas8yearsold.表示过去一段时间内经常反复的动作常与等连用2always,neverOMrs.Peter alwayscarried anumbrella.彼得太太过去老是带着一把伞〔只是说明她过去的动作,不说明她现在是否常带着伞〕彼得太太老是带着伞OMrs.Peter alwayscarries anumbrella.〔说明这是她的习惯,说明她现在仍然还习惯总带着一把伞〕.有些句子,虽然没有表示过去确定时间的状语,但实际上是指过去发生的动作或存在的状3态的话,也要用过去时,这一点,我们要特别注意我不知道你在巴黎〔因为在说话时,我已经知道你OI didn,t knowyou werein Pairs.在巴黎了这句话指的是说话前,所以只能用过去时表示实际上,这句话暗指But now Iknowyou arehere.]我以为你病了呢〔这句话应是在说话前,我以为你病了,但是OI thoughtyou wereill.现在我知道你没病〕练习题
一、请用正确动词形式填空
1.He livein Wuxitwoyearsago.
2.The catcat abird last night.
3.We havea partylast Halloween.
44.Nancy pickup orangesonthefarm last week.
1.1make amodel shipwith Mikeyesterday.
6.They playchess inthe classroomlast PElesson.
7.My mothercook anice foodlast Spring Festival.
8.The girlsdance atthe partylast night.
9.I watcha cartoonon Saturdaylastweek.
10.youvisit yourrelatives lastSpringFestival
11.hefly akite onSunday Yes,he.
12.Gao Shanputup thepicture last night.
13.1sweep thefloor yesterday.
14.
14.What shefindinthegarden lastmorning
15.Her fatherreada newspaperlastnight.
16.Mikenot goto beduntil12o clocklastnight.
17.1listened buthearnothing.
二、改错题
18.How manypeoplebe therein yourclass lastterm
1.How isJane yesterday
2.He goto schoolby buslastweek.
3.He oftengoes homeat6:00last month.____________________________
4.I canfly kitesseven yearsago.__________________________________
5.Did yousaw himjust now.
三、按要求变换句型〔一般疑问句〕
1.Frank readan interestingbook abouthistoty.Frank aninterestingbook abouthistory〔划线提问〕
2.He cleanedhis roomjustnow..What he〔否认句〕
3.Thomas spentRMB10on thisbook.Thomas RMB10on thisbook.〔戈线提问〕
4.My familywent tothe beachlastweek.family lastweek。