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1the contact between coachand employeenot solvingall difficultiesat work2the discussionof howcertainsituations couldbe betterhandled if they occuragain3a coachencouraging anemployee to applywhat has been taughtto routine work situations4coaching providingnew interestto individualswho areunhappy in their current positions5coaching providing a supportiveenvironment todiscussperformance6employees beingasked to analyse themselvesand practisegreater self-awareness7coaching enablinga companyto respond rapidly to a lackof expertisein a certain areaCoachingACoaching involvestwo ormore peoplesitting downtogether totalk throughissues thathave comeuprecently at work,and analysinghow they were managed and how they might be dealt with moreeffectivelyon subsequentoccasions.Coaching thustransfers skillsand informationfrom oneperson toanotherin anon-the-job situationso that the workexperience of the coachis used to adviseand guidetheindividual beingcoached.It also allows successes and failures to be evaluated in a non-threateningatmosphere.BCoaching meansinfluencing thelearners personal development,for examplehis or her confidenceandambition.It cantake placeany timeduring anindividuafs career.Coaching is intended to assistindividuals tofunction more effectively,and it is apowerful learningmodel.It beginswhere skills-basedtraining ends,and helpsindividuals touse formally learnt knowledgein day-to-day workandmanagement situations.Individuals beingcoached are in ademanding situationwith theircoach,whichrequires them to consider their own behaviour and question their reasons fordoing things.CThe coachprofessionally assiststhe careerdevelopment of another individual,outside thenormalmanager/subordinate relationship.In theory,the coachingrelationship shouldprovide answersto everyproblem,but inpractice itfalls short of this.However,it canprovide aspace fordiscussion andfeedbackon topicssuch aspeople managementand skills,behaviour patterns,confidence-building andtimemanagement.Through coaching,an organisationcan meetskills shortages,discuss targetsand indicatehowemployees shoulddeal withchallenging situations,all atshort notice.DEffective coachesare usuallythose whoget satisfactionfrom thesuccess ofothers andwho givetime tothe coaching role.Giving peoplecoaching responsibilitiescan supporttheir development,either byencouragingmanagement potentialthrough small-scale one-to-one assignments,or byproviding addedjobsatisfaction to managers whofeel they are stuck in their present jobs.A coachis alsoa confidentialadviser,accustomed to developing positiveand effectiveapproaches tocomplex management,organisational andchange problems.这篇文章讲的是培训()的作用培训对一个公司的发展和员工的成长都是至关重要coaching的文章的内容比较泛,但是题目的答案比较明显第一题,教练和员工之间的接触不能解决工作中的全部困难答案是段的这么一句CIn theory,thecoachingrelationship shouldprovide answersto everyproblem,but inpractice itfalls.理论上,培训可以供应全部问题的答案但是实践中达不到这样是关short of this Fallshortof键词写信寄出information注销to decidethat someone or somethingis useless,unimportant,or afailureto officiallysay that a debtno longerhas to be paid,or officiallyaccept that you cannotget backmoney勾销you havespent orlost1Sometimes it is necessaryto insiston further explanation.2You shouldntfocus on your responsewhile others are stillspeaking.3People arereluctant to admit that they don*t listenwell.4There arebenefits inseeing things from the speakers perspective.5Keen observationof the speaker cansupport ourlistening skills.6It isrisky tothink about a different issue while someone isspeaking.7People do not mindhearing their own viewssummarised.Good listener,better managerAToooften weaccuse othersof notlistening,pretending thatwe ourselvesare faultless,yet inour heartswe know that many of the mistakeswe makecome about because we havent listened carefully enough.We get things wrongbecause wehaven*t quiteunderstood whatsomeone meantwhen they were talkingtous.Anyone whohas evertaken theminutes of a longmeeting willknow howhard it is toremember-despite thebenefit ofnotes-exactly whateveryone said.But successdepends ongetting thingsright-and thatmeans listening.BListening is not thesame thingas hearing;it is not aneffortless activity.It demandsattention andconcentration.It may mean quizzingthespeakerfor additional information orfor clarification-it isalways better to ask than to continueregardless and get thingswrong.However,if youallow yourmindto wander onto something else,even for a fewminutes,youll misswhat thespeaker is saying-probablyat thevery momentwhen he or sheissayingsomething critical.And nothaving heard,you won*t knowyouvemissed anythinguntil itstoo late.CThe mostcommon badhabit wehave isto start thinking of what we are going to say about the subjectlong before the other speaker has finished.We thenstop listening.Even worse,this oftenadds rudenesstoinattentiveness,as onceyou havedecided whatto saythere is a fairchance youwill interruptto sayit.Good listenersdont interrupt.In fact it is often worthexplaining the main ideaof what you havejustbeen told before going on to make your own points.Nobody isoffended bythis and it showsthat youhavelistened well.DAbove allbe patientand acceptthat many people are not verygood communicators.It*s helpful toremember that the wayspeople moveand position themselves whilethey arespeaking canreveal a greatdeal about what they are saying.Equally importantly you should put yourself in the other persons place,both intellectuallyand emotionally;it will help youto understandwhat they are gettingat andform aresponse.But dontbe tooclever.Faced with a know-all,many peoplekeep quietbecause they see nopointin continuing.这篇文章讲的是倾听的重要性一个好的管理者必定是一个好的倾听者,所以要讲究listening倾听的艺术第一题,有时坚持进一步的说明是很有必要的答案是段的这么一句B Itmaymeanquizzing thespeakerfor additionalinformation orfor clarification-it isalwaysbettertoaskthantocontinue它可能意味着为了进一步的信息和说明去询问说话的人问总比regardless andgetthingswrong不顾状况的接着并且把事情办错的好这里的对应additionalinformation于furtherexplanation.其次题,不能在别人还在说的时候就起先关注自己的回应答案是段的第一句C The mostcommon badhabit wehave isto startthinking of what we are going to sayabout thesubject longbefore我们最常见的坏习惯就是在讲话者远还没结束的时候就起先思索the otherspeaker hasfinished□我们将对这个话题说些什么这里的就是beforetheotherspeakerhasfinishedothersarestill就是speaking,focus onyour responsestartthinkingof whatwe aregoing tosayabout the subjecto第三题,人们不情愿承认自己没有听好答案是段的第一句A Toooften weaccuse othersof notlistening,pretending thatwe ourselvesare faultless,yet inour heartswe know thatmanyof themistakeswe makecome aboutbecause wehaven11listenedcarefullyenough我们经常指责另ij人没有好好听,假装我们自己是无可指责的,其实在我们心里知道,很多我们所犯的错误都是由于听的不够细致这句的意思就是说我们心里知道什么缘由,但是口头上宠爱指责别人也就是第三题题干说的不情愿承认第四题,从说话者的视角去考虑问题是有好处的答案是段的这么一句D Equallyimportantlyyou同样重要的是你必shouldput yourselfin theotherpersonsplace,both intellectuallyand emotionallyo需把自己置于别人的位置上,既是智力上的也是情感上的这里的putyourselfin otherperson s就是第五题,对说话者的敏锐视察可以提高倾place seeingthingsfrom thespeakers perspectiveo听技巧答案是段的这么一句D Kshelpfultoremember that the wayspeople moveand position记住说话人的themselves whilethey arespeaking canreveal agreat dealaboutwhat they aresayingo移动方式和姿态是很有用的,这些可以揭示出很多他们所说话的信息连说话的姿态都要记住,当然是了,可以对应于keen observationhelpful supporto第六题,当别人在说话的时候去想着另外一件事是很紧急的答案是段的这么一句B if you allowyourmind towanderonto somethingelse,even for a fewminutes,youll misswhat thespeaker issaying假如你让自己走神了,哪怕是仅有的几分钟,你也将错过别人所说的话allow yourmind wander也就是ontosomethingelse thinkabout a differentissue.第七题,人们不介意听到他们自己的观点被总结答案是段的这么一句C Infactit isoftenworthexplaining themain ideaof what you havejust beentoldbeforegoingonto makeyourownpoints.事实上在作出自己观点之前往往很值得说明下刚刚所听到内容的主要Nobody isoffended bythis观点没有人会被这个所冒犯也就是explaining themain ideaof what you havejust beentold也就是hearing their own viewssummarisedo donot mindnobody isoffended bythisoFinding the right peopleWhena smallcompany grows,managers musttake onmany newroles.Besides theday-to-day runningof the business,they findthemselves responsible for,among otherthings,relations withoutsideinvestors,increased levelsof cashflowand,hardest of all,recruitment.For mostmanagers ofsmall andmedium-sized enterprises,the jobof searchingfor,interviewing andselectingstaff isdifficult andtime-consuming.
0....G....Interviewing,for example,isahighly skilledactivityin itself.We havefound thewhole processvery hard,says DanBaker,founding partnerof aPR company.,Inseven yearswehavegrown fromfive toeighteen staff,but wehave notfound iteasy tolocate andrecruitthe right people.
1908.Worst of all,its customerswere buying fewer andfewerof its own-brand products,the majorpart of its business,and showinga preference for morefashionablebrands.But nowall thishas changed,thanks toRowena Baker,who becameSmithson,s firstwoman ChiefExecutivethree yearsago.Since then,while mostmajor retailersin Britainhave beenlosing money,Smithsons profitshave beenrising steadily.When Bakerstarted,a lot of improvementshad justbeenmade to the building,without havingany effecton sales,and shetook the bold decision to invite one ofEuropesmost excitinginterior designersto developthe fashion area,the heartof the store.This veryquickly led to rising sales,even beforethe goodson displaywere changed.And assales grew,so didprofits.Baker hadambitious plans for the store from the start.Were playinga biggame,to provewe*re uptherewith theleaders inour sector,and wehave to make surepeople getthat message.Smithsons hadfallenbehind thecompetition.It provideda traditionalservice targetedat middle-aged,middle-incomecustomers,whod beenshopping therefor years,and thecustomer basewas graduallycontracting.Ouridea isto sellsuch anexciting varietyof goodsthat everyone will want to comein,whether theyplan tospenda littleoralot.*Bakers visionfor thestore isclear,but achievingit isfar fromsimple.At first,many employees resisted herimprovements because they justwouldn*tbepersuaded that there wasanything wrong with the way theyd alwaysdone things,even if they acceptedthat thestore hadtoovertake itscompetitors.It tookmany longmeetings,involving theentire workforce,to win theirsupport.It helpedwhen theyrealised thatBaker was a very different kindof managerfrom the ones theyhadknown.Bakers staffpolicies containedmore surprises.The uniformthat hadhardly changedsince dayone hasnowdisappeared.Moreover,teenagers nowget youngshop assistants,and staffin thesportsdepartments arethemselves sportsfans intrainers.As Bakerexplains,fHow canyou selljeans if yourewearing a black suit Smithsons has a new identity,and thisneeds to be madeclear to the customers.*She*s alsogiven everysales assistantresponsibility forensuring customer satisfaction,even ifit meansoccasionallybreaking companyrules in the hopethat thiswill helpcompany profits.Rowena Bakeris provingsuccessful,but the City*s biginvestors haventbeen persuaded.According toretailanalyst,John Matthews,Money hadalready beeninvested inrefurbishment of thestoreand infactthat ledto theboost insales.She tookthe credit,but hadntdone anythingto achieveit.And in my viewthe companys shareholdersare notconvinced.The factis thatunless sheopens several more storesprettysoon,Smithsons profitswill start to fallbecause turnoverat theexisting storewill inevitablystartto decline.113According to the writer,in themid-1990s SmithsonsdepartmentstoreA wasmaking aloss.B hada problemkeeping staff.C wasunhappy withits advertisingagency.D mostlysold goodsunder theSmithsons name.14According to the writer,Smithsons profitsstarted risingthree yearsago because ofA animprovement in the retailingsector.B theprevious workdone on thestore.C Rowena Bakers choiceof designer.D achange in the productson sale.15According toRowena Baker,one problemwhich Smithsonsfaced when she joinedwas thatA thenumberof peopleusing thestore wasfalling slowly.B itscompetitors offereda morespecialised rangeof products.C thestores priceswere set at thewrong level.D customerswere unhappywith theservice provided.16According to the writer,many staffopposed Bakersplans becauseAtheywereunwilling tochange theirway of working.B theydisagreed with her goalsfor thestore.C theyfelt theywere notconsulted enoughabout thechanges.D theywere unhappywithherstyle of management.17Baker has changed staffpolicies becauseshe believesthatA thecorporate imagecan beimproved throughstaff uniforms.B theprevious ruleswere notfair tocustomers.C customersshould be able toidentify with the staffserving them.D employees should share in companyprofits.18What problemdoes JohnMatthews thinkSmithsons isfacingA Moremoney needs to beinvested in the presentstore.B The companys profitswill onlycontinue torise ifit expands.C Therefurbishment of thestoreis provingunpopular withcustomers.D Smithsonsshareholders expecta quickreturn on their investments.字面上是百货公司的魔力讲的是英国的一个百货公司如何摆脱逆Department storemagic,境第一段是点明公司所遭遇的逆境,接着其次段讲一个女上台起先转变局面,第三段和CEO第四段具体讲这位女的应对措施,最终一段总结革命尚未成功,同志仍需努力CEO题,问在年头中期这个百货公司的状况是什么样的答案是第一段的最终一句1390its customerswerebuyingfewerand fewerofits own-brand products,the majorpart ofits business,and showinga这个题目的答案有相当的迷惑性整个句子都是在讲客户preferenceformore fashionablebrands.购买的越来越少,偏好更多的时尚品牌所以很简洁误选但事实上这里并没有说亏损关键A,是这个地方自由品牌照旧是公司业务的主itsown-brand products,the majorpart ofits businesso要部分所以应当选D主要销售Smithson名下的产品Under theSmithson sname也就是itsown brandproductso题,问的利润从三年前起先增长,缘由是什么答案是其次段的这么一句14Smithsonshe tookthebolddecisiontoinviteone of Europesmost excitinginterior designerstodevelopthe她做出了一个大胆的确定,邀请了欧洲最刺激的室内设计师来开发时尚领域fashionarea后面紧接着就说所以答案选的设计师选择This veryquicklyledtorisingsales,C RowenaBaker题,问当加入时公司面临的一个问题是什么这题的关键是要理解一个句子15RowenaBaker中一个词的含义It provideda traditionalservice targetedat middle-aged,middle-income customers,whod beenshopping therefor years,and thecustomer basewas gradually它供应的传统服务目标人群是中年中等收入者,这些人已经在那购物多年并且contracting.o客户基数慢慢削减缩小,收缩的意思所以答案选Contracting:A题,问很多员工反对支配的缘由是什么答案是这么一句16Baker manyemployeesresistedherimprovements because they justwouldn*tbepersuaded that there was anythingwrongwiththe way不情愿被劝服他们以前做事情的方式有什么问题意思也就是不情愿they*d alwaysdone thingso变更他们工作的方式选A题,问变更员工政策的缘由是什么答案在第四段,的原话17Baker BakerHow canyou selljeansif you*re wearingablacksuitSmithsonshas a newidentity,and thisneeds to be madeclear to the你怎么能穿着黑西服卖牛仔?有一个新的身份,这些必需对客户很明确customers□Smithson也就是选项说的“客户必需能辨别出服务他们的员工”,不对,没有提到改善公司形象,C A和在原文没有提到B C题,问认为面临的问题是什么答案是最终一段的最终一句18John SmithsonThe factis thatunlessshe opensseveralmorestores prettysoon,Smithsons profitswill startto fallbecause turnoverat the事实上除非她尽快的开更多的店,汕的利润将existing storewill inevitablystarttodecline.Sm son会削减因为现有商店的营业额将不行避开的起先下降也就是所说的除非扩张,公司的利润B才会接着增长Managing acareer onthe way up isquite differentfrom managingone at the topof anorganisation.Individuals onthe wayup have to buildrelationships withthe peoplethey19to.They usuallyhave to20with subordinatesin additionto people at thesame levelas themselves.The mostsenior staffonlyhave thoseunder them to relateto.This book21the ideathat allworking relationships,including therelationshipwith ones boss,can andshould bemanaged.You donot have to be22than your manager in order to manage the relationship.Nor doyou haveto bebetter than your manager in any
23.Your managermay well be your career24and guide:he or shemay have taught you almost everything you know about your25of business-and maycontinue toteach you more.You may be planningto remainunder his or herguidancein the future.None of these26should alteryour relationshipwith your manager or27youoff managing upwards*.I usethis phraseto28to themanagement ofone*sbossbecause,for manypeople onthe wayup,it is the firstrelationship they haveto get right.You can,of course,get onat workjust by29positively to your manager,but that is notlikely to be the mostsuccessful way to30yourworking life.An activepolicy ofmanaging upwardswill makeyoumoresuccessful and,at thesametime,make the business ofgoing towork moreenjoable.It canalso be a wayto show31to yourmanager for the efforts he orshe has made onyour32Finally,managing upwardswill make it easierforyour managerto manageyou,leaving himor hermore timefor other33and tasks.19A notifyB informC accountD report20A uniteB contactC handleD deal21A promotesB pressesC advertises D convinces22A clearerB deeperC smarterD fuller23A respectB fashionC partD means24A leaderB supporterC adviserD helper25A courseB lineC pathD route26A factorsB aspectsC causes D topics27A putB seeC keepD take28A specifyB identifyC indicateD refer29A givingB operatingC reactingD co-operating30A runB forwardC moveD make31A appraisalB valueC appreciation D regard32A advantageB benefitC sideD behalf打理同上司的关系33A postsB rolesC positionsD actsManaging upwards,题,对什么负责,隶属;从属用在这里句子意思正好处于上升阶段的个19report to,人须要同他们所从属的人处理好关系、的词后面都接是说明的意思,用在这A Bof,account to里意思不对题,联系此空上下文,应当是说处理与下属的关系后接是表示处理和20deal withsomebody某人的关系、意思不对,是及物动词,后面不须要A BC with题,促进,推动推动某个想法21promote promotethe idea,题,依据意思选词处理与上司的关系不须要比上司更聪慧其他几个词用在此处的话都有22些怪异,很简洁解除题,指方面与同义常见的用法23respect,aspect题,这个空要联系上下文,并且参考后面的24guide”he orshe mayhave taughtyou almosteverything youknown,也就是说TA会对你的工作进行很多指导,因为有taught,所以不是supporter或者选又感觉拉远了距离,因此选helper,leader advisero题,一个让人头疼的商务英语固定词组有业务和经营产品的意思提供几25line of business,个例句就很好理解含义了我们特地经营此项服务;We specializein thisline ofbusiness我想知道这种产品属您经营的范围吗?Does thisitem comeunder yourline ofbusiness干我们这行,你会遇到很多好玩的人You meetsome veryinteresting peoplein myline ofbusiness题,依据前后文意思,选因素26factors,题,一般表示延迟,但它还有一个不太出名的意思是阻碍送行;远27put offsee off,keep off,离;起飞takeoff,题,依据意思选提及,描述28refer to,题,固定搭配,对什么作出反应用在这里意思也吻合29reactto,题,意思上应当填入表示经营、管理等30the mostsuccessful wayto30your workinglife,的意思,有这个意思和用法不对,是指转发邮件run C D forwardsomething题,表示感谢之情31appreciation,,题,站在某人的立场上,为某人的利益此处的意思是对他为你所做出32on ones behalf,的努力表示感谢题,职能,角色为经理腾出空来扮演其他的角色是位置,位置始终是经理,33role,position没别的;是行为,法案act其次题,探讨某些状况假如再度出现的话怎么样可以处理的更好答案是段的这么一句Aanalysing how theyweremanagedandhowtheymight bedealt with more effectivelyon subsequent,分析应当如何进行处理并且在接下来的状况下怎样可以处理的更有效这里的occasions dealt对应于题干中的就是withmoreeffectively betterhandled,on subsequentoccasions,tli occuragaino第三题,教练激励员工将所学应用到日常的工作中答案是段的这么一句B helpsindividuals to.帮助个人将学到的正use formallylearnt knowledgein day-to-day workand managementsituations式学问用在日常工作和管理状况下这里的就是题干day-to-day workand managementsituations中的也就是routineworksituations,what hasbeen taughtformallylearntknowledgeo第四题,培训为在现有岗位上不兴奋的个人供应了新的爱好答案是段的这么一句D providing对感觉自己在现有岗added jobsatisfaction tomanagers whofeel they are stuckin theirpresent jobso位上受困的经理们供应附加的工作满意感这里的就是题干中的stuckin theirpresentjobs可以对应于题干中的unhappyin theircurrentposition,added jobsatisfaction newinteresto第五题,培训供应了一个有力的、支持性的探讨工作表现的环境答案是段的A Italsoallows.它允许成功和失败在一个没successesandfailuresto beevaluatedin anon-threatening atmosphere有威逼的气氛下被评估成功和失败也就是可以对应于performance,supportive environmentnon-threatening atmosphereo第六题,员工被要求分析他们自己并且培育出更强的自知有必要理解下的含义,self-awareness不能简洁的从中文理解成自我意识,看英文说明所以knowledge andunderstanding of yourselfo答案是段的这么一句B requiresthem toconsider their own behaviourandquestiontheirreasonsfor.要求他们考虑自己的行为并且思索这么做的理由可doingthingsconsidertheir ownbehaviour以对应于题干中的思索这么做的理由也是为了进一步增进对自己的相识analyse themselves,第七题,培训可以使得公司对某个领域的技术缺失快速做出反应答案是段的最终——句C.指出员工怎样处indicate howemployeesshoulddeal withchallenging situations,all atshort notice理有挑战性的状况,在短时间内是一接到通知就,短时间内的意思,可以对应At shortnotice这一题的可以指代题干中的respondrapidly,challenging situationsa lackof expertisein a certain area.Managing acareer onthe wayup isquite differentfrom managingone atthe topof anorganisation.Individuals onthe wayup haveto buildrelationships withthe peoplethey19to.They usuallyhaveto20with subordinatesin additionto people atthesame levelas themselves.Themostsenior staffonlyhave thoseunder them to relateto.This book21the ideathat allworking relationships,including therelationshipwith onesboss,can andshould bemanaged.You donot haveto be22than yourmanagerin order tomanage therelationship.Nor doyou haveto bebetterthanyourmanagerinany
23.Yourmanager maywellbeyourcareer24and guide:heorshe mayhave taughtyoualmosteverythingyouknowabout your25ofbusiness-and maycontinue toteach youmore.You maybe planningto remainunderhisorher guidancein the future.None of these26should alteryour relationshipwith yourmanageror27you offmanaging upwards*.I usethis phraseto28to themanagement ofones bossbecause,for manypeople onthe wayup,it is the firstrelationship they havetoget right.You can,ofcourse,get onatworkjustby29positively toyourmanager,but that is notlikely to be the mostsuccessful wayto30your workinglife.An activepolicy ofmanagingupwardswill makeyou moresuccessfuland,atthesame time,make the business ofgoingtowork moreenjoyable.It canalso be away to show31toyourmanagerfor theeffortsheorshehasmadeonyour32Finally,managingupwards willmakeiteasier foryourmanagertomanageyou,leaving himorhermoretimefor other33and tasks.19A notifyB informC accountD report20A uniteB contactC handleD deal21A promotesB pressesC advertisesD convinces22A clearerB deeperC smarterD fuller23A respectB fashionC partDmeans24A leaderB supporterC adviserD helper25A courseB lineC pathD route26A factorsBaspects CcausesDtopics27A putB seeC keepD take28A specifyB identifyC indicateD refer29A givingB operatingC reactingDco-operating30A runB forwardC moveD make31A appraisalB valueC appreciationD regard32A advantageB benefitC sideD behalf打理同上司的关系33A postsB rolesC positionsD actsManaging upwards,题,对什么负责,隶属;从属用在这里句子意思正好处于上升阶段的个19report to,人须要同他们所从属的人处理好关系、的词后面都接是说明的意思,用在这A Bof,account to里意思不对题,联系此空上下文,应当是说处理与下属的关系后接是表示处理和20deal withsomebody某人的关系、意思不对,是及物动词,后面不须要A BC with题,促进,推动推动某个想法21promote promotethe idea,题,依据意思选词处理与上司的关系不须要比上司更聪慧其他几个词用在此处的话都有22些怪异,很简洁解除题,指方面与同义常见的用法23respect,aspect题,这个空要联系上下文,并且参考后面的24guide”heorshe mayhavetaughtyou almosteverythingyouknown,也就是说TA会对你的工作进行很多指导,因为有taught,所以不是supporter或者选又感觉拉远了距离,因此选helper,leader advisero题,一个让人头疼的商务英语固定词组有业务和经营产品的意思提供几25line ofbusiness,个例句就很好理解含义了我们特地经营此项服务;We specializein thisline ofbusiness我想知道这种产品属您经营的范围吗?Does thisitem comeunder yourline ofbusiness干我们这行,你会遇到很多好玩的人You meetsome veryinteresting peopleinmyline ofbusiness题,依据前后文意思,选因素26factors,题,一般表示延迟,但它还有一个不太出名的意思是阻碍送行;远27put offsee off,keep off,离;起飞takeoff,题,依据意思选提及,描述28refer to,题,固定搭配,对什么作出反应用在这里意思也吻合29reactto,题,意思上应当填入表示经营、管理等30the mostsuccessfulwayto30your workinglife,的意思,有这个意思和用法不对,是指转发邮件run CD forwardsomething题,表示感谢之情31appreciation,,题,站在某人的立场上,为某人的利益此处的意思是对他为你所做出32on ones behalf,的努力表示感谢题,职能,角色为经理腾出空来扮演其他的角色是位置,位置始终是经理,33role,position没别的;是行为,法案act《》SELL,SELL,SELLLast yearover£13bn wasspent onadvertising in the UKand researchindicates thatmost peoplewillhave seen2m salesmessages bythe timethey are
30.Advertising isbig businessand oftenacts as theinterface betweencommerce andculture.While there are manyadverts thatjust irritate,there aresomethat areminiature worksof art.
0....The advertisersthemselves believethey aredelivering animportantmessage becausetheyareprotecting andpromoting aclients brand and extendinggreater choiceto theconsumer.
5.5bn,live within60minutes ofthe centre.The developerssetaprecedent intheindustry bygetting thecountrys threebest-known departmentstores toopen verylarge brancheswithinthe centre,as wellas over300leading fashionand lifestylestores.DFollowing itsrecent stockmarket success,Lend Lease isnowdeveloping Overgateshopping centreinDundee.Construction iswell underway,and withseveral ofthecountrysbest-known retailersalreadysecured,Lend Leaseis promoting the centre asthe unrivalled shoppingdestination ofthe region.Theeconomic base ofthearea has improved continuously over the past decade,due tothe fastexpansion ofthebiomedical andservice sectors.With anestimated potentialmarket of500,000people,Overgate is这套题目的难度不一般,我估计能把这套题给吃透了,proving attractiveto leadingUK retailers.以后基本可以笑傲阅读的第一部分了文章有点散,题目的信息也是相当隐晦,很可能看了半天照旧找不着北写到这里多啰嗦几句,越是这种时候越要沉住气,全部人都一样,别人不会感觉比你简洁这是整个考试的第一部分,假如不应付好了,后面会溃不成军BEC文章四个部分分别介绍了四个不同的连锁店的发展状况因为是基本ABCD retaildevelopment,状况的介绍,所以有点泛,没法提炼重点,只能尽可能多的把文章里的疑似重点词汇划出来,以待备用第一题,说这个地区的消费支出潜力是整个国家最高的,这里的是关键词答案是段highest C的这句话,Eleven millionpeople,with acombined spendingpower predictedto exceeda record£
5.5bn意思是综合消费实力预料将超过记录预料也就是潜力也就是predict,potential hightest,前面有个是形容词,富有的exceedarecord affluent,其次题,说建筑这个中心的合作方曾多次负责其他的项目发展答案是段的一句话A aninitiativebetween threeofthelargest developersinthecountry,all withextensive experienceof urban意思是这三个国内最大的开发商都拥有广泛的城市建立阅历这里的regeneration schemes.with就是题干所说的extensive experiencehave beenresponsiblefornumerousotherdevelopments.第三题,说这个中心可能会成为将来城市发展规划的范例答案是段的一句B Thisdevelopment这种发展有望为即将is expectedto setthestandardfor towncentre regenerationschemestocome到来的城市中心再建方案树立标准对应于对应于setthestandard model,plans schemeso第四题,关键词是答案是段的这么一句:best,D LendLeaseispromotingthecentreastheunrivalled.是说打算促使该中心成为这个地区无与伦比的消shoppingdestinationoftheregion LendLease费目的地对应于Unrivalled best第五题,关键词是一个答案是段的close,A Planningpermissionisinplaceforthenewscheme,也就是which willbeashort distance fromexistingprimeretailareas oA shortdistancefromcloseo第六题,说这个发展方案提交给了住在这里的人,等待他们的评价和同意答案是段的B“The这个提议还在等当地proposals,which areawaiting theoutcome ofconsultation withlocalresidents居民协商的最终结果,完全一个意思第七题,说建立在了一个曾阅历了持续增长期的地区,答案是段的D“The economicbaseofthearea,这个地方的经济基础连续改善了十年hasimprovedcontinuouslyoverthepastdecade”sustained对应于growth improvedcontinuouslyoStaff AppraisalsAdirector ofthe advertisingagency ownedby tycoonBob Jacobyonce grumbledthat hewasnt enjoyinghiswork.Jacobys replywas,I dontpay yougood moneyto enjoyyourself.If youenjoyworkinghere,you shouldbe payingme money/Jacobys sentimentsusedtobe common.0Happily,things havechanged.Most organisationsnow undertakeregular staffappraisals,at whichemployees havetheopportunity todiscuss one-to-one withtheir linemanager theirambitions andhopes,their strengthsandweaknesses,theirachievementsand theirdisasters.But it is worthremembering hownew allthis is,andwhy.For astart,appraising isntsomething manymanagers donaturally oftheir ownaccord.They oftenfindappraisals difficult to handleand havetobemade tocarry themout.Appraisal systemshave becomewidespreadpartly asa resultof employmentlegislation,but moreparticularly becausecompanies havelearnedthat suchassessments canwork totheir advantage.
1.5million almostovernight.However,thecompanysgrowth wasnot assmooth asit soundsin retrospect.Robertson admits,Wewere closetotheedge duringthe growthperiod.Like manyunder-capitalised companiestrying togrow,it mighteasily havecollapsed.But that,she feels,isthechallenge ofdeveloping yourown business.A Butthereareplenty ofsimilar contractstobewon inthe eastof Scotland before Robertsonturns herattentionelsewhere.B Herway roundthis particularproblem was torecruitthe cateringmanager ofthe rival company.C Butthisdemand wasshort-lived,andbeforelong,increasing competitionmade ithardertomakeaprofit.D Itwasadramatic learningcurve andvery small amounts of money were earned at first,saysRobertson.E Shedecidedthatthe solution,since manycompanies requiredworking lunchesfor meetingswithclients,wasto prepare anddeliver mealsto businesspremises.F Onhearing this,Robertson immediatelycontacted alloftheirclients andoffered theservices ofGrapevineCaterers.G Instead,she studiedaccountancy afterleaving university,andasteady ifunspectacular professionalpathseemed set.《》,自助餐区域,在这篇文章里的意思应当是自助餐领域,讲的是一个在自助BuffetZone餐领域取得了惊人成果的杰出女性创业的故事这套题目不难,尤其比起第四辑的题目wouldhave beenwasted,debating exactlywhat hadhappened andwhen.Being preparedand appreciatingwhat it is liketobeonthereceiving endare,indeed,the keystosuccessful appraising.Itis important tobegin anappraisal bygiving membersofstaffa chance toexpress theirown viewsabout theirperformance.
23.......concentration iftheyseesomething asirrelevant.To makecertain thatthe meetingproceeds inan orderlyfashion,it istherefore usefulto
28.......their ideasand soon.If thisprocedure isadopted,the participantswillbeable tofollowthe variousissues ina consistentmanner,which willhelp withthe decision-making29lateron.It willalso
31......their say,rather thanjust theirmore outspokencolleagues.In
四、五段是公司的relocation,竞争状况,最终一段总结第八题,前面说一时冲动她买下了这个外卖餐馆事实上那个时候她对餐饮业一窍不takeaway,通空格后面说的是这段时间很困难,但是对获得所须要的阅历却是很有必要的所以第八题的空格部分应当填入跟学习、积累阅历有关的内容选型最吻合,D Itwasadramatic learningcurve,这里的是关键词,很明显的答案信号还有learning verysmallamountsofmoneywereearnedat first,也是关键词atfirst第九题,空格前面说largenumbersofofficeworkerswantingtakeawayfoodfortheir大量的办公室员工须要外卖食品做午饭,这里的是个很关键的词空格后面话lunches,wanting锋一转,说曾经一度公里内有家食品商店,但是经济转变了,一条街都空了526blocks started从上下文来分析,第九空的内容应当和办公室员工的外卖需求有关,同时带to becomevacanto有转折意思选项完全符合这一条件但是这种需求是短暂的,不久,慢慢增长的竞争使得C赢得利润变得更加困难第十题,上文说经济形势转变了,所以确定从事多样化的经营后面说这种做法恒Robertson久的变更了公司的经营方式所以第十空应当填入相应的对策,怎么样来应对经济形势的转变符合这一条件的是和都是关于解决问题的,但是选项所说的招募竞争对手的餐厅经理B E,B在上下文内容中没有提到应当选为商业大厦送饭,正好对应下一段所说的D,第十一题,这一题才应当选前面说竞争对手给自己造成了很大的困扰但是B,却不是那么简洁屈服的人后面说部分缘由是这个,营业额翻倍了所以中间应该也Robertson是填入对策和竞争对手有关的,所以应当选的是个关键词,也很明B,B particularrivalcompany显第十二题,前面说想收购一个竞争对手,但是没成功,结果人家公司自己破产倒闭Robertson了后面来了一个可以看出这中间应当填入的是人家公司破产后的一many accepted,Robertson些举措满意这一条件一听到这些,立即联系他们的客户并且供应了自己公司的F Robertson服务、1buffet:a mealat whichpeople servethemselves froma tableand thenstand orsit somewhere else to自助餐eat、2takeaway夕卜卖餐a arestaurant thatcooks andsells foodthatyoutake awayand eatsomewhereelse馆、外卖的饭菜;外卖食物bameal thatyou buyat thistype ofrestaurant、3in retrospect:thinking abouta pastevent orsituation,often withadifferentopinion ofitfromtheone回顾you hadatthetime、4under-capitalised:aboutabusiness nothaving enoughmoney capitaltobeable tooperate资金不足normally,pay debtsand grow、5Instead,she studiedaccountancy afterleaving university,andasteady ifunspectacular professionalpathseemed set.这个句子里的用法比较少见,参见朗文的说明if usedwhen addingone criticismofaperson orthingthat yougenerally likee.g:Lunch wasa grandif rathernoisy affair.所以选项的意思就是然而,离开高校后她学的是会计,一个平淡无奇的职业道路G似乎已经铺就HOW TOMARKET YOURSELFWemanage ourown careersnow.So knowinghow tobrand andposition yourselfinthe market as,Meplc*at differentstages of your workinglife isbecoming anincreasingly vitalskill.At leastthatiswhatimage expertMary Spillanebelieves.Employment asweknowitisdecreasing.Jobs don*t exist,workexists.In thenext decademost ofus willbe suppliers,not staff.We willhave clients not bosses.If youareunder30,you probablyknowthatthereis only one firm to join for life:Me plc.It promotesyou andyour potential to others/Were workingin multi-national,multicultural,multi-corporate teamsand itsimportant to understandthe implicationsofthis.We need to createa personalbrand thatis unique,butcomplements thebrandofthe corporationweareworkingfor.You haveto finda waytodoit so that youarenot justa typicalemployee,*advises Spillane.Tou haveto decidewhat centralvalues you want toproject,and alsowhat mayneed toalter fromsituation tosituation.,Many peopleonly rememberMarySpillane forthe yearsshe spentrunning acosmetics company,but sheactually hasmasters degreesininformation scienceand politics.She usedto hidethat hard-hitting side,but isnow eagertoshowit andforgetabout cosmetics.*Now thatIm workingintheboardrooms ofmajor plcsand globalcompanies,Tm playingup mydegrees andmanagement backgroundsothatthe imageside isseen onlyas anadditiontothevalue side,1says Spillane.Some contractstake longerthan others.The Citylaw firmsImcurrently workingfor arereally difficultbecausetheydont haveanyideaof what their brand shouldbe,and arestill verytraditional evenwhen talking about becomingmodern.Im showingthem how to doeverythingfrom changingtheir receptionareas-which tendtobevery off-putting withtheir high-frontedreception desks-to how tomakesmall talkthatisless formaland rigid.Companies rebrandthemselvesall thetime,spending millionson newoffice interiorsand soon.But withoutan underlyingchange ofattitudes,it canprove anempty exercise.,She arguesthat forindividuals too,there must be morethanasurface change,as rebrandinggoes deeperthana merechange ofwardrobe.Beyond adviceon appearance,she tellsclients,Remind yourselfofwhat you are selling:the personalvalues thatcomprise your brand.Learn to present yourselfinawaythat will project whatyouwantto deliver.Lifelong learningis essential,together withthe sort ofdiscovery andadventure thatpromote personalgrowth.Always havean up-to-the-minute CVready toprint out,refreshing itevery fewmonths withyour most recent achievements,just toremind othersofyour brandvalue.1She believesitisessential thatyou understandboth yourpublic selfand yourprivate self,aswellas yourblindspots andyour potential,inordertocreatean effectivebrand.The public self isthe imageyouproject tothe world,the private self iswhatyouknowabout yourself butothers dont,arid blindspots arethosethings thatothers seeaboutyoubut youcant seefor yourself.By decidingwhat imageyou wantother peopleto see,emphasising moreofyourprivate selfand sortingoutafew blindspots,you willincreasenotonlyyourpotentialto influenceothers,but alsoyour self-esteem andself-confidence.,13Inthe firstparagraph,Mary Spillane says peopleshould learnhowtomarket themselvesbecauseA itencourages companiesto givethemajob forlife.B inthefutureit willbeacompany requirement.C inmany careersitisbecoming difficultto succeed.D itwillhelpthem adaptto developmentsinthejob market.14Spillane saysthat,when creatinga personalbrand,itisimportant toA changethings dependingonthe circumstances.B decidewhat imagepeople wouldlike youtopresent.C makesure thatcolleagues feelat easewithyour image.D followthe exampleof someoneinthecompany youwork for.15What dowe learnabout Spillaneinthethird paragraphAShe isembarrassed abouther careerwithacosmetics company.B Shedoesnft liketalkingabouther academicbackground.C Shehas qualificationsmanypeopleare unawareof.D Sheworries abouthow otherpeople seeher.16Which problemdoes Spillanerefer towhen talkingabout thecompanies sheis presentlyworkingwithA Theyfind itdifficulttoaccept herideas.B Theyare unawareof howto rebrandthemselves.C Theydont wantto spendlarge amountsofmoney.DTheyare unwillingto modernisetheir workenvironment.17When advisingpeopleonrebranding themselves,Spillane tellsthem toAattend coursesto gainspecialist skills.B updateregularly theirwritten proofofwhatthey cando.C tryout differentways ofpresenting themselvestoothers.D rememberthat whatthey looklike isthemostimportant point.18Spillanesaysthat,inorderto rebrandyourself successfully,itisimportanttoA askfor otherpeoplesopinions aboutyourimage.B feelconfident aboutwhatyouare tryingto achieve.C learnhowtomake useof allaspectsofyour character.D modelyourself onpeople withacertainamount ofinfluence.《》,怎样开发你自己这篇文章主要是一个专家对个人How tomarket yourselfMary Spillane在职业生涯中的一些建议,包括怎么定位、怎样正确相识自己等等很好用很中肯的一篇文章看来这国外的专家并不也是夸夸其谈之辈啊题,问第一段认为人们应当学会开发他们自己的缘由是什么第一段里这个13Mary Spillane专家认为就业机会在削减,不存在了,存在的是在将来十年全部人都将成为才华和实job work,力的供应者而不是员工老板将变成自己的客户从专家的这段话可以看出她认supplier,staff,为人们应当学会开发自己的缘由是适应就业市场的发展,也就是答案所说的在原文没有D A提到,的理解有误,原文说生活中只有一个值得加B thereisonlyonefirmtojoinforlife:Me plco入的公司自我公司这句的意思还是说人们要学会开发自己,而不是将来有公司须要在C原文中也没有提到题,问在创建个人品牌的时候,很重要的是什么答案是其次段的最终一句14You haveto decide你必what centralvalues youwanttoproject,and alsowhat mayneedtoalter fromsituation tosituation.需确定自己要建立的中心价值什么,同时还有哪些是须要随着环境的变更而变更的的表述A正确,依据环境来变更事情不对,不是说确定人们想要你呈现的形象,而是自己确定自己B想要建立的中心价值、在原文都没有提到CD题,问第三段可以了解到的什么事第三段介绍说这个女人曾经经营过一家化妆品15Spillane公司,但其实她还拥有信息科学和政治的硕士学位当在化妆品公司的时候她试图把学历的一面深藏不露,但是现在换了一家公司,她迫不及待的想将这一面给呈现出来从这些可以看出这个女人的思路须要哪一面就表现哪一面题的答案是她拥有的素养很多人都不知道15C不对,没有提到尴尬,不对,在适当的时候才会去谈论自己的学历背景,在原文也没有A BD提到题,问指出了现在工作公司的什么问题答案是第四段的这么一句16Spillane theydont haveanyidea ofwhattheirbrandshouldbe,andarestill verytraditional evenwhen talkingabout becoming对于自己的品牌应当是怎么样的他们没有任何概念,同时在谈到变得现代时照旧很传统modern.这一段是讲这个公司在转变时的一些问题,他们投入了巨大的财力想重新树立自己的品牌,但是没有一个深层次的看法的转变,是很难有实效的答案是不知如何重新树立自己的品牌B,不对,没有说不情愿接受,不对,公司投入巨大,不对,不是不情愿现代化,而不知道A CD怎么现代化,说要现代化还是显得很传统题,问对于想要重新树立自己品牌的个人,的建议是什么答案是第五段的最终一17Spillane句Always havean up-to-the-minute CVready toprintout,refreshing itevery fewmonths withyour时刻要有一个打算打印的最新的简历,每隔几个月用你最新的成果来mostrecentachievements更新一次总结起来就是选项所说的“固定更新关于自己能做什么的书面证明”B题,问为了能成功的重新树立自己的个人品牌,很重耍的是什么最终一段强调了人应当了18解自己的儿个方面公我、私我、盲点和潜力,并且分别介绍了四种publicselfprivate self方面的含义答案是这么一句,须要提炼总结By decidingwhat imageyouwantotherpeopleto see,更多的强调私我,并且选择emphasising moreofyourprivateselfand sortingoutafew blindspotso出一些盲点总结起来就是所说的学会怎样全面利用自己性格的各个方面B理解一下选项一个词组的含义D modelyourself onaftersomebody totry tobe likesomeone elsebecauseyou admirethem这篇文章其实并不难,但是很有好用价值某些地道的商务英语表述可以用在口语里,而更具意义的是,这篇文章里提到了一些关于个人职业的建议,很中肯,值得人参考、1jobs dontexist,work exists.In thenext decademostofus willbe suppliers,not staff.We willhave这是一种比较新颖的工作观,不应当把自己看做是给老板打工的每个人都clientsnotbosses.是自己的老板,出售自己的才学和实力,老板只是自己的客户有了这样的心态,人在工作中就会变得主动主动不过有一点,客户的质量确定要好好把握啊、2You haveto decidewhat central.树立属于自己的values youwanttoproject,and alsowhat mayneedtoalter fromsituation tosituation品牌,并且相机而动、3Remind yourselfofwhatyouareselling:the personalvalues thatcomprise yourbrand.Learn to个企业要想立足商界须要核present yourselfinaway thatwillprojectwhatyouwanttodeliver.——心价值,同样的,一个人要立足社会也须要核心价值关键在于你如何定位自己找准了定位,就不会迷失方向PlanningIn anyplanning system,fromthesimplest budgetingtothemost complexcorporate planning,thereisanannual process.Thisispartly duetothefact thatfirms
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