初中复习资料：英语结构短语知识点

1.to do结构题ask sb.to do sth.请（叫）某人做某事tell sb.to do sth.请（叫）某人做某事help sb.to do sth.协助做某事want sb.to do sth.想要做某事wish sb.to do sth.希望做某事invite sb.to do sth.约请某人做某事drive sb.to do sth.驱使某人做某事expect sb.to do sth.希冀某人做某事forbid sb.to do sth.制止某人做某事force sb.to do sth.强迫某人做某事hope to do sth.希望做某事offer to do sth.自动提出做某事plan to do sth.方案做某事prepare to do sth.预备做某事pretend to do sth.伪装做某事promise to do sth.容许做某事refuse to do sth.回绝做某事fail to do sth.未能做某事happen to do sth.碰巧做某事need sb.todo sth.需要某人做某事need doing=need tobe done.某事需要被做advise sb.todo sth.建议某人做某事advise doing sth.建议做某事allow sb.todo sth.允许某人做某事allow doing sth.允许某人做某事

2.-ing结构consider doing sth.思索做某事enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事escape doing sth.逃脱做某事finish doingsth.完成做某事give updoingsth.放弃做某事imagine doingsth.想象做某事mind doingsth.介意做某事practice doingsth.练习做某事prevent doingsth.阻止做某事put offdoingsth.推延做某事risk doingsth.冒险做某事forbid doingsth.制止做某事forgive doingsth.原谅做某事

3.既+to又+ingremember todo sth.记住去做某事，表示这件事情还没有做remember doingsth.记得做过某事forget todosth.忘记要去做某事未做forget doingsth.忘记做过某事已做regret todosth.遗憾地（要）做某事（还未做呢）regret doingsth.后悔做过某事已经做过了）try todosth.努力做谋事,尽力做某事，但不一定成功try doingsth.试图做谋事stop todo表示停止现在在做的事情，开始做另外一件事情stop doing表示停止现在在做的事情mean todosth.计划做某事mean doingsth.意味着做某事can’t helptodosth.不能协助做某can’t helpdoingsth.禁不住做某事go ontodosth.做了一件事后,接着做另一件事go ondoingsth.继续做原来做的事

4.do动词原形let sb.dosth.让某人做某事make sb.dosth.使某人做某事make sth.done使某事完成have sb.dosth.使某人做某事have sthdone做完某事see sb.dosth.看见某人做某事see sb.doing看人某人正在做hear sb.dosth.听见某人做某事hear sb.doing听见某人正在做listen to sb.dosth.听着某人做某事listen sb.doingsth听着某人正在做look atsb.dosth.看着某人做某事watch sb.dosth.察看某人做某事feel sb.dosth.觉得某人做某事

5.双宾语give sb.sth=give sthto sb.给某人某物tell sb.sth=tell sthto sb.告诉某人某事borrow sthfrom sb.向某人借某物lend sthto sb.借某物给某人buy sthfor sb.=buy sb.sth给某人买某物show sb.sth=show sthtosb.向某人展示某物

6.be动词结构be athome=stay athome在家be introuble有麻烦be carefulof小心……be latefor因……迟到be free空闲的，有空be busydoing/with sth忙于……be coveredwith被……复盖be readyfor为……作好准备be surprisedat对……感到惊讶be interestedin对……感到举be excitedabout激动于be angrywith愤怒于be madat疯狂于be friendlyto友好地去be pleasedwith很高兴做be satisfiedwith对……很满意be famousfor因……而著名be famousas作为……而著名be strictwith对……严格be strictin在……方面严格be afraidof害怕……be afraidtodo害怕去做……be gladtodo很高兴去做……be goodfor对……有好处be badfor对……有害处be goodat=do wellin擅长be abletodo能去做……

7.固定搭配have alesson/a meeting上课/开会have atry试一试have agood time玩得很高兴have fun玩得高兴have breakfast/lunch/supper吃早饭/午饭/晚饭have ameal threemeals吃一顿饭have afever发烧have acold感冒have alook at看一看……have arest休息一会儿have atalk谈话have awalk=take awalk散步make friendswith与……交朋友make aliving谋生make amistake犯错误make asentence造句be madefrom/of由……制成be madein在……地方制造look after=take careof照管，照看，look for寻找look like看上去像look out当心，小心look around朝四周看look at看着……put on穿上衣服，戴上帽子put up张帖set up竖起，建起set off出发，动身set out出发send for派人去请take onesadvice听从某人劝告take out拿出，取出take down拿下take place发生take theplace of代替take iteasy别紧张take away拿走take off脱下,起飞，休假day off/have off休假take photos拍照take somemedicine服药turn on开，旋开电灯，收音机等turn off关上电灯，收音机等turn down把音量调低turn up调高turn in交出，上交turn…into…变成turn…over把……翻过来at once立刻at last最后at first起先，首先at theage of…在……岁时at theend of…在……之末by theend of…到……底为止at thebeginning of…在……之初at night/noon在夜里/中午in the day在白天in all总共in fact事实上in onestwenties在某人二十几岁时in ahurry匆忙in time及时in public公众，公开地in orderto为了……in front of在……前面in thefrontof在某物内的前面in theend最后，终于in turn依次of course当然from nowon从现在起from thenon从那时起for example例如far awayfrom远离a pieceof一张一片，块a cupof一茶怀a glassof一玻璃杯a boxof一盒a bottleof一瓶a setof一套a groupof一队，一组，一群a kindof一种all kindsof所有种类a type of一种类型的a differenttypeof一种不同型号的a greatdeal of非常多，大量的不可数名词a largegreat numberof非常多，大量的可数名词a greatmany大量，许多可数名词all overthe world/the country全世界/全国day afterday日复一日day byday一天天up anddown上上下下the dayafter tomorrow后天thedaybefore yesterday前天

8.其他固定搭配laugh at嘲笑be used to doing习惯于usedto过去常常use sthtodosth用某物做某事wake…up唤醒work out算出hurry up赶快，快点think about考虑……think of想到be anxiousabout担忧throw away扔掉hear of听说hear from收到……来信instead of代替……with oneshelp在某人的帮助下，由于with thehelp of…在……的帮助下to onessurprise令某人吃惊的是up anddown上上下下just now/then刚才/那时late on过后，后来work/study hard努力工作come out解出wait for等待do morningexercises做早操do eyeexercises做眼保健操get on/along wellwith与……相处（融洽）。