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全国英语专八考试阅读题型基础训练全国英语专八考试阅读题型基础训练以下是我Love howpeople thinkthats theirthing,you areyou.为大家搜寻整理的全国英语专八考试阅读题型基础训练,期望能给大家带来帮忙!更多精彩内容请准时关注我们应届毕业生考试网!“I havegreat confidencethat by the endof thedecade we’11knowin vastdetail how cancer cellsarise,“says microbiologistRobertWeinberg,an experton cancer.“But,”he cautions,“some peoplehavethe ideathat onceone understandsthe causes,the curewill rapidlyfollow.Consider Pasteur,he discoveredthe causesof manykinds ofinfections,but itwas fiftyor sixtyyears beforecures wereavailable.”This year,50percent of the910,000people whosuffer fromcancerwill surviveat leastfive years.In theyear2000,the NationalCancerInstitute estimates,that figurewill be75percent.For someskincancers,the five-year survival rate isas highas90percent.But othersurvivalstatistics are still discouraging--13percent forlungcancer,and2percent forcancer ofthe pancreas.With asmany as120varieties inexistence,discovering howcancerworks isnot easy.The researchersmade greatprogress in the early1970s,when theydiscovered thatoncogenes,which arecancer-causinggenes,are inactivein normal cells.Anything fromcosmic raystoradiation todiet mayactivate adormant oncogene,but howremainsunknown.If severaloncogenes aredriven intoaction,the cell,unableto turnthem off,becomes cancerous.The exactmechanisms involvedarestillmysterious,but thelikelihoodthat manycancers areinitiated atthe levelof genessuggeststhat wewill neverprevent allcancers.Changes are a normalpart oftheevolutionary process,“says oncologistWilliam Hayward.Environmental factorscan neverbe totallyeliminated;as Haywardpointsout,“We cant preparea medicineagainst cosmicrays.”The prospectsfor cure,though stilldistant,are brighter.“First,we needto understandhow thenormalcellcontrols itself.Second,we haveto determinewhether therearealimited numberof genesincells whichare alwaysresponsible forat leastpartofthe trouble.If we can understandhowcancerworks,wecancounteract itsaction.”习题
1.The exampleof Pasteurin thepassage isused to.[A]predict thatthe secretof cancer will bedisclosed ina decade[B]indicate thatthe prospectsfor curingcancer arebright[C]prove that cancer will be curedin fiftyto sixtyyears[D]warn thatthere isstill along wayto gobefore cancercanbe conquered
2.The authorimplies thatby theyear2000,.[A]there willbe a drastic risein thefive-year survival rateof skin-cancer patients[B]90percent ofthe skin-cancer patientstoday willstill beliving[C]the survivalstatistics willbe fairlyeven amongpatientswith variouscancers[D]there wont be a drasticincrease ofsurvivalrateof allcancer patients
3.Oncogenes arecancer-causing genes.[A]that arealways inoperation ina healthyperson[B]which remainunharmful solong asthey arenot activated[C]that canbe drivenout ofnormal cells[D]which normal cells cant turnoff
4.The worddormant”in the third paragraph most probably means.[A]dead[B]ever-present[C]inactive[D]potential全文翻译“我有极大的信念信任到这个十年期结束时我们将会详尽地知晓癌细胞的生成缘由,”一位癌症专家和微生物学家罗伯特温伯格说道“但是,”他告诫说,“有些人认为一旦人们弄清了病因,治疗方法很快就会跟上例如法国细菌学家巴斯德,他发觉了很多传染病的成因,但治疗方法却在五六十年后才问世”今年,万癌症患者中有一半将至少再活年国家癌症讨论所估915量,到年存活率将升至现在对于一些皮肤癌来说,年期的存200075%5活率高达但其他类型癌症的存活数据却仍令人懊丧——肺癌胰腺90%,13%,癌2%癌症种类现有多达多种,发觉其规律实属不易讨论者在年月12070取得了很大的进展当时他们发觉致癌基因,即那些可以引起癌症的基因,在正常细胞中是不活动的从宇宙射线到辐射到日常饮食,任何东西都有可能激活处于寂静状态中的致癌基因,但是如何激活不为人所知假如若干致癌基因被激活,而细胞无力排解,它们就演化成了癌细胞导致癌变的准确机制仍旧是个谜,但是很多癌症始于基因这一可能性表明我们将永久不能预防全部癌症变化是进化过程中的一个正常部分,”肿瘤专家威廉海沃德说道环境因素永久无法完全消退,正如海沃德所指出的那样“我们无法预备出一种抗宇宙射线的药”治癌前景虽然遥远,但却越来越明朗了“首先,我们需要了解正常细胞如何掌握其本身其次,我们必需查明细胞中是否有肯定数量的基因总是造成至少部分麻烦的缘由假如我们能弄清癌症的原理,我们就能实行相应的措施”重点句The prospectsfor cure,though stilldistant,are brighter.该句意义该句虽然简短,但是其将转折语气以插入语的结构进行了表达在考研写作中,我们可以完全参照写出相应的句子比如The prospectfor消退污染的eliminating pollution,though stilldistant,is brighter.前景尽管遥远,但是已经更加明朗了习题答案答案DDBC
1.The exampleof Pasteurin thepassage isused to.文章以为例的目的是
1.Pasteur[A]predict thatthe secretof cancerwillbedisclosed ina decade预言十年内癌症的隐秘将会被彻底揭开[A][B]indicate thatthe prospectsfor curingcancer arebright说明癌症治愈前景值得乐观[B][C]prove thatcancerwillbe curedin fiftyto sixtyyears证明五六十年后癌症将被治愈[C]_D]warn thatthere isstill along wayto gobefore cancercanbe conquered提示人们彻底战胜癌症的道路还很长[D]
2.The authorimplies thatbytheyear2000,..示意,到年22000o_A]there willbeadrastic riseinthefive-year survivalrateof skin-cancer patients皮肤癌患者的五年存活率会急剧增长[A][B]90percent ofthe skin-cancerpatientstoday willstill beliving如今的皮肤癌患者仍旧健在[B]90%[C]the survivalstatistics willbe fairlyeven amongpatientswith variouscancers各种癌症患者的存活几率基本全都[C][D]there wont beadrasticincrease ofsurvivalrateof allcancerpatients不是全部癌症患者的存活率都将急剧上升[D]
3.Oncogenes arecancer-causing genes.致癌基因
3.[A]that arealways inoperation ina healthyperson总活动在健康人体中[A][B]which remainunharmful solong asthey arenot activated只要不被激活,就保持无害[B][C]thatcanbe drivenout ofnormalcells能够从健康细胞中被赶走[c]_D]which normalcells cant turnoff其作用不能被健康细胞阻挡[D]
4.The worddormant inthethirdparagraphmostprobablymeans.单词在第三段中的大意是
5.dormant[A]dead死亡[A][B]ever-present无处无时不在的[B][C]inactive不活跃的[C][D]potential潜在的,可能的[D]文档内容到此结束,欢迎大家下载、修改、丰富并分享给更多有需要的人。