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.现在进行时表示正在发生的事情或进行的动作，常与now,listen,look等词连用，结构是主语+be动词am,is,are+动词ing.如It israining now.外面正在下雨It issix o’clock now.现在6点了My parentsare readingnewspapers in the sittingroom.我父母正在客厅看报纸Look!The childrenare havinga runningrace now.看！孩子们正在赛跑问句将be动词移前，否定句在be动词后+not.
02.一般现在时表示经常反复发生的事情或动作，常与often,usually,sometimes,always,every dayweekyear…on Sundays等词连用结构是主语+动词原形；当主语为第三人称单数即he,she,it,Tom,my mother,the boy等词时，动词后加s或es.如We havean Englishlesson everyday.我们每天都要上英语课Do the boys runfaster thanthe girlsYes,they do.男孩比女孩跑的快吗？是的问句借助于do,does否定句借助于don’t,doesn’t，后面动词一定要还原
03.一般过去时表示发生在过去的事情或存在的状态，常与just now;a momentago;…ago;yesterday;lastweek;month;year;Monday;weekend;this morning等词连用结构是主语+be动词的过去式（was;were）或主语+动词的过去式注意be动词与动词过去式不可同时使用如My earphoneswere on the groundjust now.我的耳机刚刚还在呢Where wereyou lastweek Iwas at a camp.你上个星期去哪了？我去野营了What didyou doyesterday Ivisited afarm你昨天去干嘛了？我去参观农场了问句有be动词将be动词移前，没有be动词借助于did，后面动词还原；否定句有be动词在后面加not，没有借助于didn\\\\\\\\\\\t后面动词还原
04.一般将来时表示将要打算发生的事情或动作，常与tomorrow,nextweekyear;Tuesday…,this weekweekend;evening;afternoon;…today等词连用结构是主语+beam,is,aregoing to+动原或主语+will+动原如What areyou goingto dotomorrow Iam goingto haveapicnic.你明天要去干嘛？我要去野餐The childreare goingto havea sportsmeeting nextweek.孩子们下个星期将参加运动会Tom will/is goingto seea play with hisfather thisevening.Tom今晚将和父母去看演出问句将be动词或will移前；否定句在be动词或will后加not.
05.情态动词can;can’t;should;shouldn’t;must;may后一定加动词原形如The girlcan’t swim,but shecan skate.女孩不会游泳，但是会滑冰Don’t talkin class,you shouldlisten tothe teachercarefully.不要在课上说话，你应该认真听老师讲
06.祈使句肯定祈使句以动词原形开头；否定祈使句以don’t加动词原形开头如Open thebox for me,please.请为我打开盒子Liu Tao!Please getup earliertomorrow.刘涛，明天请早点起床！Don’t walkon thegrass!不要在草地上走！Helen!Don’t climbthe tree,please.海伦！不要爬树
07.go的用法去干嘛用go+动词ing如:go swimming;go fishing;go skating;go camping;gorunning;go skiing;go rowing…
08.than as...as的用法than前用比较级；as…as之间用原级如My motheris twoyears youngerthan myfather.我妈比我爸年轻两岁Liu Taojumps asfar asBen.刘涛跳得和本一样远
09.喜欢做某事用like+动词ing或like+to+动原如Su Yanglikes growingflowers.苏阳喜欢种花The childrenlike toplaywithlanterns atSpring Festival.孩子们喜欢在春节去玩花灯
10.想要做某事用would like+to+动原或want+to+动原例I’d liketo visitthe HistoryMuseum.=I wantto visittheHistory Museum
11.some的用法用于肯定句中，在否定句和问句中改为any，但当表示委婉语气时仍用some如Can Ihave somewriting paperWould youlike someorangejuice
12.代词人称代词主格做主语用一般放在句首或动词前，主格分别是Iyou heshe itwe youthey宾格做宾语用，一般放在动词或介词后如Open themforme.Let us…,join me等宾格分别是me youhim herit usyou them形容词性物主代词放在名词前，不能单独使用，分别是my yourhisher itsour yourtheir名词性物主代词相当于形物加名词，它只能单独使用后面不好加名词，分别是mine yourshis hersits oursyours theirs
13.介词介词后要么不加动词，加动词只能加动词ing形式如be goodat running;do wellin jumping;
14.时间介词季节前，月份前用介词in如in summer；in March具体的哪一天如星期几，几月几日用介词on如on Saturday;onthe secondof April;on Wednesdaymorning在几点钟前用介词at如ata quarter tofour;只在上下午晚上用in如in themorning/afternoon/evening;但在夜间用at night另季节，月份和星期前不好加the.
15.名词复数构成的方法有规则的有1直接在名词后加s如orange—oranges;photo—photos;2以x,s,sh,ch结尾的加es如box—boxes;glass—glasses;waitress—waitresses;watch—watches;peach--peaches3以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加es如study—studies；library—libraries;hobby—hobbies;family—families;4以f,fe结尾的改f,fe为v＋es如knife—knives;thief—thieves（注:以o结尾的我们学过的只有mango加es,mango—mangoes其余加s,）不规则的有man—men;woman—women;people—people;child—children
16.动词第三人称单数的构成1直接在动词后加s如run—runs;dance—dances2以s,sh,ch,o结尾的加es如do—does;go—goes;wash—washes;catch—catches3以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加es如study—studies;carry—carries
17.现在分词的构成1直接在动词后加ing如sing—singing;ski—skiing.2双写词尾加ing如swim—swimming;jog—jogging;run—running.3以不发音的e结尾的去e加ing如ride—riding;dance—dancing;make—making.
18.规则动词过去式的构成1直接在动词后加ed如clean—cleaned;milk—milked;play—played.2以e结尾的直接加d如dance—danced;taste—tasted.3以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加ed如study—studied;carry—carried.4双写词尾加ed如stop—stopped;jog—jogged.不规则的有am,is—was;are—were;do,does—did;have,has—had;go—went;meet—met;sit—sat;see—saw;get—got;tell—told;run—ran;come—came;steal—stole;read—read.
19.形容词副词比较级的构成规则的1直接在形容词或副词后加er如；small—smaller;low—lower.2以e结尾的加r如late—larer.3双写词尾加er如big—bigger;thin—thinner;fat—fatter.4以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加er如heavy—heavier;early—earlier.不规则的有good,well—better最高级为best;many,much---more最高级为most;far---farther.
20.rain与snow的用法1作为名词意思是雨水和雪是不可数名词如There isa lotof rain there in spring.那儿的春天有很多雨水2作为动词意思是下雨和下雪，有四种形式分别是动词原形rain，snow；第三人称单数rains，snows；现在分词raining；snowing过去式rained；snowed;如
①Look!It israining now.瞧！天正在下雨
②It oftenrains inNantong insummer.南通夏天经常下雨
③It rainedyesterday.昨天下了雨
④It isgoingto raintomorrow.明天要下雨3形容词为rainy和snowy意思是有雨的和有雪的如It isoftenrainy hereinspring.这儿的春天经常是有雨的If itisrainy tomorrow,I’ll stayat home.如果明天是有雨的，我将呆在家里
21.比较级注意只有同类事物才可进行比较如My eyesare biggerthanhers.Your schoolbag isheavier thanmine.My computerisnicer thanNancy’s.My brotheris strongerthan me.
22.have,has表示某人有has用于第三人称单数；There is/are;There was/were表示某地存在有注意There be句型的就近原则单数或不可数用there is/was;复数用there are/were.
23.本身就是复数的词眼镜glasses;耳机earphones;鞋shoes;裤子trousers等词本身是复数如My glasseswere on the chairjust now.但如果表示这双，这副，一双的时候用单数如There isa pairofchopsticks onthe plate.This pairof earphonesis foryou.
24.元音字母五个元音字母分别是Aa,Ee,Ii,Oo,Uu.
25.一个的用法a用于辅音前不是辅音字母前；an用于元音前不是元音字母前如There isan’s’,a‘t’,a‘u’,a‘d’,an‘e’,an‘n’,and a‘t’in theword‘student’.
26.时间表示法有两种
（1）直接读时钟和分钟如6:10读成six ten;7:30读成seven thirty;8:45读成eight forty-five.2用to与past表示在半小时包括半小时以内用几分past几点如610读成ten pastsix;7:30读成half pastseven.过了半小时用下一个钟点差几分如745读成aquarterto eight;9:50读成ten tote.
27.基数词变序数词的方法基变序有规律，结尾加上th;一二三特殊例，结尾字母t、d即first,second,third;八去t，九去e，ve要用f替（即eigh—eighth;nine—ninth;five--fifth;twelve—twelfth）；ty改y为ie后加th别忘记即整十数如twenty—twentieth；forty—fortieth;几十几十位为基个位为序（如第二十一为twenty-first）另外强调序数词前一定要加the
28.日期的表示法用the+序数词+of+月如:三月三日the thirdof March;12月25日the25th ofDecember.
29.both all的用法both表示两者都如My parentsare bothteachers.all表示三者以上都如The studentsare allvery excited.
30.节日的表示法有day的节日前用on.没有day的节日前用at,如at Christmas;on Christmas Day;atNew Year;on NewYear’sDay.
31.激动兴奋的excited表示激动的，兴奋地主语是人；exciting表示令人激动的，令人兴奋的主语是事情如The runningrace isvery exciting,so allthe studentsare veryexcited.赛跑非常令人激动，因此所有的学生都很激动
32.比较两者比较用比较级，三者以上比较用最高级如Who runsfaster,theboyor the girl Theboy does谁跑得更快，男孩还是女孩？男孩Which seasondo youlike bestI likeautumn best.你最喜欢哪个季节？我最喜欢秋天Which seasondo youlike better,summer orwinter Ilikewinter better.你更喜欢哪个季节，夏天还是冬天？我更喜欢冬天
33.动词还原的用法前面用了do,does did,don’t,doesn’t didn’t后面动词要还原如Did shewatch TVlast nightHelendoesn’t liketakingphotos.
34.到了到达用get to但注意到家，到这儿，到那儿不可以加to如gethome;get here;get there,另外go home;come here;go there也一样
35.长着和穿着长着什么用with如thegirlwith bigeyes大眼睛的女孩；穿着什么用in如the manin black穿黑衣服的男人或the womaninthe whiteskirt穿白色短裙的妇女
36.让某人做某事用let sb后加动词原形如Let’s waterthe flowerstogether.是该做…的时候了用It’s timefor+名词或It’s timeto+动原帮助某人做某事是help sbwith sth如帮我学英语是help mewithmy English
37.树上外来的东西在树上用inthetree如the birdinthetree.树上长的用onthetree如the applesonthetree.
38.运动和乐器球类之前不加the;乐器之前必须加the如play thepiano;play football
39.get后加比较级get后加比较级，表示变得更怎么样如get stronger;get longer。
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