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第讲状语从句、名词性从句、定语从句
05.考点归纳、真题链接、考前巩固❖状语从句考点归纳状语从句在句中作状语,可修饰主句中的动词、形容词和副词等状语从句由从属连词引adverbial clause导状语从句可放在句首或句末放在句首时,从句后面常用逗号;放在句末时,从句前面往往不用逗号状语从句根据它们的含义分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、方式、让步、条件、比较等九种状语从句连词when,whenever,as,since,till,until,before,after,as soonas,once,the moment,时间immediately,the day,no sooner...than,hardlyscarcely...when,the minute,thesecond,everyeach time地点Where,wherever,everywhereif,unless,providing/provided that,asso longas,on conditionthat,suppose/supposing条件that,in case,only if,if onlybecause,since,as,now that,seeing that,considering that,in that,in viewof thefact原因鉴于thatthough,although,even ifthough,as,while,whatever,wherever,whoever,however,no让步词,matter+wh fbrall that,granting/granted,whether...or,in spiteof thefact that,despite thefact that比较as...as,not thesame as,not so...as,than方式as,as ifthoughthe way目的that,so that,in order that,in case,for fearthat,lest结果so that,so...that,such...that,but that❖状语从句真题精练
1.1like in the autumnwhen the weather isclear andbright.A.this B.that C.it D.one
2.You aresaying thateveryone shouldbe equal,and thisis Idisagree.A.why B.where C.what D.how
3.The roadis coveredwith snow.I cantunderstand theyinsist ongoing bymotor-bike.A.why B.whether C.when D.how
4.1think Fatherwould liketo knowIve beenup toso far,so Idecide tosend hima quicknote.A.which B.why C.what D.how
5.1have alwaysbeen honestand straightforward,and it doesnt matterIm talkingto.A.who isit B.who it is C.it iswho D.it iswhom
7.Parents aretaught tounderstand importanteducation isto theirchildren6s future.A.that B.how C.such D.so
7.A moderncity hasbeen setup inwas awasteland tenyears ago.A.what B.which C.that D.where
8.After YangLi weisucceeded incircling the earth,our astronautsdesire to do iswalk inspace.A.where B.what C.that D.how
9.A storygoes ElizabethI ofEngland likednothing morethat beingsurrounded byclever andqualifiednoblemen atcourt.A.when B.where C.what D.that
10.The ForeignMinister said,our hopethat the two sideswill worktowards peace/9A.This isB.There isC.That isD.It is
11.We cannotfigure outquite anumber ofinsects,birds,and animalsare dyingout.A.that B.asC.why D.when
12.It ispretty wellunderstood controlsthe flowof carbondioxide in and outthe atmospheretoday.A.that B.when C.what D.how
13.There is a newproblem involvedin thepopularity ofprivate carsroad conditions need.A.that...to beimproved B.which...to beimprovedC.where...improving D.when...improving
14.Theres afeeling inme wellnever knowwhat aUFO isnot ever.A.that B.which C.of which D.what
15.be sentto workthereA.Who do you suggestB.Who doyou suggestthat shouldC.Do yousuggest whoshould D.Do yousuggest whomshould一
16.Perseverance is a kindof qualityand thatsit takesto doanything well.A.what B.that C.which D.why
17.You cantimagine thata well-behaved gentlemanbe sorude toa lady.A.might B.need C.should D.would
18.Information hasbeen putforward more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.A.while B.that C.when D.as
19.A computercan onlydoyou have instructed it todo.A.how B.after C.what D.whenA.however B.whatever C.whichever D.Whenever
20.It isgenerally consideredunwise togive achild heor shewants.
21.——Do youremember he cameA.how B.when C.that D.if—Yes,I do,hecameby car.A.If B.Whether C.That D.Where
22.well gocamping tomorrowdependsontheweather.A.What;what B.What;that C.That;that D.That;what
23.we cantget seemsbetter than we have.A.There B.This C.That D.It
245.isafact thatEnglish isbeing acceptedas aninternational language.
25.-------1drove toZhuhai for the airshow lastweek.------Is thatyou had a few days offA.why B.when C.what D.where【答案与解析】该题是考查宾语从句中形式宾语的用法在等表示“喜怒哀乐”的词和等此
1.C enjoy,hate,like,love take后若跟宾语从句需用形式宾语把真正的宾语放后题意我喜欢秋天晴朗明亮的天气又如:it,I hatewhenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull.A.it B.that C.thoseD.them该题是考查名词性从句中的表语从句的用法据题意你一直说人人平等,这就是我不能苟同之处此
2.B处是指的这句话这一点,我不能苟同故选everyone shouldbe equalwhere该题根据交际情景考查名词性从句的用法根据前面“路为雪覆盖”和后面“他们骑摩托”得知此处应
3.A当是因果关系,故选择表示我不解的原因句意路上都是雪我不明白他们为什么坚持骑摩why托车去该题考查名词性从句关联词在宾语从句中作宾语,故选句意我认为父亲想知道我迄今在忙
4.C whato什么;因此我决定给他寄一个快笺该题根据交际情景考查名词性从句的用法是形式主语,后面是主语从句因此用陈述句语序选择
5.B it B最佳句意我一直诚实坦率,我和谁说话并不重要该题根据交际情景考查名词性从句的引导词的用法关键词是需要副词修饰由
6.B importanthow how引导宾语从句句意要教会父母懂得教育对孩子的未来是多么重要important该题根据交际情景考查名词性的用法根据题目此处作的介词宾语,在从句中作主语故选句
7.A inwhat意在年前还是废墟的地方,一座现代化的城市拔地而起10考查名词性从句的用法这是一个复杂句,首先是一个由引导的时间状语从句,在主句中又包含
8.B after一个主语从句,引导词在主语从句中作宾语,因此,用句意杨利伟成功环绕地球后,我们what的宇航员期望的是太空漫步考查名词性从句的用法本句是一个含有同位语从句的句子,与从句是一种同位关系,也就
9.D storythat是说,从句说明的内容,因此正确that storyD该题考查主语从句中形式主语的用法为了保持句子结构平衡,用形式主语代替,把真正主语放在
10.D it句子后面句意那位外长说“我们希望双方向好的方向努力”该题考查名词性从句中引导词的用法据题意我没想不出为什么大量的昆虫、鸟和动物濒临灭绝
11.C此处是表示原因考查名词性从句,在句中作形式主语代替后面的主语从句,在主语从句中又缺少主语,应选择连接
12.C It代词,既起连接作用,又担当句子成分,因此选择句意现在已相当清楚是什么在控制着二氧化碳C初入大气的流动考查名词性从句与动词与..是一种同位关系;与
13.A needoa newproblem roadconditionsneed.improve road之间是一个动宾关系,因此如果后接不定式应用被动语态,如接动名词应用主condition need动形式表示被动的意思,为正确答案A考查名词性从句,在此句中从句与形成一种同位关系,说明所包含的内容,为正确
14.A feelingfeeling that答案考查虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法,从以下两点来考虑()后接的宾语从句应用虚拟语气,动
15.A1suggest词用原形或动词原形()后接宾语从句,其疑问和否定形式前移到主句should+2suggest考查名词性从句,后面的部分是一个表语从句,所选择的连接词在表语从句中作宾语,因此选
16.A Thats择连接代词whato考查虚拟语气在宾语从句的运用的宾语从句谓语动词用()动词原形
17.C Imagineshould+考查名词性从句连接词的用法与
18.B.information thatmoremiddleschoolgraduateswill beadmittedintothe是一种同位关系,后者说明前者所包含的内容与信息只起连接作用,不能省略universities that该题考宾语从句连接词的用法从题干中后缺宾语来判断,所填的词一定同时满足两个条件
19.C“t do”
①引导宾语从句(作的宾语);
②本身充当后的宾语,所以用句意计算机“can onlydo”todo”what只能按人们的指令去做事该题考查由引导的宾语从句的用法该题的关键词是和要接双宾语,所以从
20.B whatevergive want,give句是宾语从句,从宾语从句看需要宾语,故选强调任意性,泛指;强调want whateverWhatever what特指句意普遍认为,孩子要什么就给他什么不是聪明之举该题考宾语从句连接词的用法该题的关键词是答语中的从此判断是对来的方式的提问,故用
21.A bycar,引导句意“你记得他怎么来的么?”“记得,他开车来的”how该题考查名词性从句的用法该题的关键是(取决于)说明是表示选择,故用引导
22.B dependon whether主语从句句意我们明天是否去野营要看天气而定该题考查名词性从句的用法从题干看,两个空中所给之词分别作和的宾语,故都必须用
23.A gethave来弓导和引导名词性从句的根本区别,做成份而只起到引导词的作用,不what Iwhat thatwhat that作成份句意我们得不到的似乎比我们所拥有的要好该题考查名词性从句的用法是形式主语,真正主语放到后面(,名词)以保持句子结
24.D ItIt s++that…构平衡使用形式主语的情况还有过去分词++形容词+Es+that...;Ifs that...;It happens/seems/appears句意事实上英语作为国际语言正为世人所接受that...o该题考查名词性从句的用法引导的表语从句是说明的原因句意“我上周
25.A whyhadafew daysoff开车去参加珠海的空展了”“这就是你请了几天假的原因吗?,,❖定语从句真题精炼
1.Do youstill rememberthe chickenfarm wevisited threemonths agoA.where B.when C.that D.what
2.The journeyaround theworld tookthe oldsailor ninemonths,the sailingtime was226days.A.of which B.during which C.from which D.for which
3.There arealtogether eleven books onthe shelf,five are mine.A.on which B.in which C.of whichD.from which
4.is oftenthe case,we haveworked outthe productionplan.A.Which B.When C.What D.As
5.Anyway,that evening,Ill tellyou moreabout later,I endedup stayingat Rachelsplace.A.when B.where C.what D.which
6.1work ina businessalmost everyoneis waiting for a great chance.A.how B.which C.where D.that
7.The factoryproduces halfa millionpairs ofshoes everyyear,80%are soldabroad.A.of whichB.which ofC.of themD.of that
8.Helen wasmuch kinderto heryoungest sonthan tothe others,,of course,made theothers envyhim.A.who B.that C.what D.which
9.American womenusually identifytheir bestfriend assomeone they can talkfrequently.A.who B.as C.about whichD.with whom
10.George Orwell,was EricArthur,wrote manypolitical novelsand essays.A.the realname B.what his real nameC.hisrealname D.whose realname
11.is reportedin thenewspapers,talks betweenthetwocountries aremaking progress.A.It B.As C.That D.What
12.The Englishplay mystudents actedat theNew Yearsparty was agreatsuccess.A.for whichB.at which C.in whichD.on which
13.I canthink ofmany casesstudents obviouslyknew alot ofEnglish wordsand expressionsbut couldntwrite agoodessay.A.why B.which C.as D.where
14.York,last year,isanice oldcity.A.that I visited B.which IvisitedC.where Ivisited D.in which Ivisited
15.Alec askedthe policemanhe workedto contacthim wheneverthere wasan accident.A.with himB.who C.with whomD.whom
16.We will be shownaround thecity,museum,and someother places,other visitorsseldom go.A.what B.which C.where D.when
17.Hes gothimself intoa dangeroussituation he is likelyto losecontrol overthe plane.A.where B.which C.while D.why
18.The filmbrought the hours backto meI wastaken goodcare ofin thatfar-away village.A.until B.that C.when D.where
19.is knownto everybody,the moontravels roundtheearthonce everymonth.A.It B.As C.That D.what
20.Dorothy wasalways speakinghighly ofher roleinthe play,,of course,made theothers unhappy.A.who B.whichC.this D.what
21.Carol saidthe workwould bedone byOctober,personally Idoubt verymuch.A.itB.that C.when D.which
22.After livingin Parisfor fiftyyears hereturned tothe small town hegrew upasachild.A.whichB.where C.that D.when
23.The weatherturned outto bevery good,was morethanwecould expect.A.what B.whichC.that D.it【答案与解析】该题考查定语从句的用法此处关系词在定语从句中作的宾语故选句意:你还记得三个月前LC visitedthat我们去参观的养鸡场么?该题是根据交际情景中考查定语从句的用法根据定语从句和现行词的关系选择适当的介词,还原定语
2.A从句.得知是从属关系,故选句意环球旅行用了这位老水the sailingtime of the journeywas226days A.手个月的时间,其中航海的时间是天9226该题根据交际情景考查定语从句的用法选择正确的介词,首先确定定语从句的先行词是
3.C elevenbooks,在看它和定语从句的关系是从属关系,故选句意书架上有十一本five ofelevenbooksaremine,C书,其中五本是我的该题考查定语从句的用法由引导的非限定性定语从句修饰整个句子,可以放在句首、句中或句尾;
4.D as引导的非限定性定语从句修饰整个句子只能放在句尾句意像以往一样,我们已经制订出了which生产计划该题根据交际情景考查定语从句的用法在定语从句中关系词应当作的宾语,故选句意
5.D tellwhicho反正那天晚上我最后在雷切尔那里停留了,关于那天晚上的事我以后再和你细说该题考查定语从句的关系词的使用关键是对一词的理解,意为商店;商行关系
6.C businessbusiness词在定语从句中作状语,故选句意我在一家商行工作几乎每个人都在等待时机where该提示根据交际情景考查“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句的用法两部分有逗号无连词,由此判断是
7.A定语从句,因此选择句意这家工厂每年生产万双鞋,百分之八十的用于出口A50该题根据交际情景考查定语从句中关系代词的用法根据句意得知是引导的非限制性定语从句
8.D which修饰整个句子句意海伦对她的小儿子比对其他孩子要好得多,这当然是其他孩子妒忌他了
9.D考查定语从句的用法先行词为someone表示人,关系代词作介词with的宾语,talk withsomebody”与…・・・交谈可以将介词放在关系代词前,因此,选D句意美国妇女通常把最好的朋友看成能经常在一起聊天的人该题考查定语从句的用法和的关系是从属关系,故选引导定语从句
10.D realname GeorgeOrwell whose句意乔治.奥韦尔真名叫埃里克.亚瑟写了很多政治题材的小说与论文该题考查引导非限制性定语从句修饰整个句子的用法句意据报纸报道,那两个国家的谈判正在
11.B as进展该题是考查介词+关系代词引导定语从句的用法关键是介词的选择,还原定语从句
12.C mystudents actedin据此应选介词句意我的学生在新年晚会上演的英语剧很成功theplayat theNew Yearsparty,in考查定语从句,意思是“情形、环境其在定语从句中只能作状语,因此选择关系副词句
13.D casewhere意我可以想出很多学生明显知道单词语短语但不能写出好论文的情况该题考查定语从句的用法先行词后面有逗号,故后面是非限制性定语从句不能选在定语从
14.B Yorkthat,句中关系代词做动词的宾语•,因此该题选择答案题意去年我访问过纽约,纽约是一个美丽visited Bo的古城考查定语从句是一个由关系代词引导的定语从句句意要求和他一起工作
15.C heworked with+Alec的警察无论什么时候出现事故都和他联系该题考查定语从句关系词的用法该题的现行词是从定语从句可以看出该词在句中作
16.C someother places,状语,因此选有人将领我们参观这座城市,如学校、博物馆以及一些别的游客很C.whereo少去的地方考查定语从句的关系词定语从句是一个主系表结构,在定语从句中只能用作地点状语因此
17.A situation选择关系副词whereo该题考查定语从句的用法解本题的关键是要先找准先行词然后理解关系副词本身在
18.C“the hours,“when”其引导的定语从句中充当时间状语因为动词+副词短语接宾语时可以放在动词与副词之间也可以放在副词后面,该题可以改为下列语序The filmbrought backthehoursI wastaken good这样就一目了然句意这部电影把我带到在那遥远的村庄我受到呵care ofinthatfar-away villageto me护的时光该题考查关系代词引导的定语从句在关系代词引导的定语从句中,指代整个句子(即没有具
19.B as asas体的先行词),的意思是“正如、就像从句可置于句前、句尾或句中(较灵活)句意众所周知,as月球围绕地球转该题考查引导非限制性定语从句该题主从句之间有逗号因此是非限制性定语从句,引导的
20.B whichwhich定语从句修饰整个主句,指代前面这件事题中的起到干扰作用句意总是高度地评of courseDorothy价她在剧中的角色,这当然使别人不高兴该题考查引导非限制性定语从句该题主从句之间有逗号因此是非限制性定语从句,引导的2LD whichwhich定语从句修饰整个主句,指代前面这件事不可引导从句;不可引导非限制性定语从句;不it thatwhen合题意句意卡罗说十月份要完成这项工作,我个人对此十分怀疑该题考查定语从句的用法先行词是地点的名词,定语从句中缺少地点状语,故用关系
22.B thesmalltown副词引导的定语从句句意在巴黎住了年后,他回到了孩提时代生长过的小城镇where50该题考查引导的定语从句的用法该题主从句之间有逗号,因此是引导的非限制性定
23.B whichwhich语从句,引导的定语从句修饰整个主句句意结果是天气很好,这比我们预料的好得多whichon.A.until B.unless C.after D.because
2.It isalmost fiveyears wesaw eachother lasttime.A.before B.since C.after D.when
3.Roses needspecial care theycanlive throughwinter.A.because B.so thatC.even ifD.as
4.you callme tosay youre not coming,Fil seeyou atthe theatre.A.Though B.Whether C.Until D.Unless
5.There weredirty markson hertrousers shehad wipedher hands.A.where B.whichC.when D.that
6.Several weekshad goneby Irealized thepainting wasmissing.A.as B.before C.since D.when
7.We weretold that we shouldfollow themain roadwe reached the centralrailway station.A.whenever B.until C.while D.wherever
8.It wasevening wereachedthelittle townof Winchester.A.that B.until C.since D.before
9.You caneat foodfree inmy restaurantyou like.A.whenever B.wherever C.whatever D.however
10.Parents shouldtake seriouslytheir childrensrequests forsunglasses eyeprotection isnecessaryin sunnyweather.A.because B.through C.unless D.if
11.Generally speaking,according tothe directions,the drughas noside effect.A.when takingB.when takenC.when totake D.when tobe taken
12.Come andsee mewhenever.A.you areconvenient B.you willbe convenientC.itisconvenient to you D.it willbe convenienttoyou
13.You shouldmake ita ruleto leavethings you can findthem again.A.when B.where C.then D.there
14.After thewar,a newschool buildingwas putup therehad oncebeen atheatre.A.that B.where C.whichD.when
15.Why doyou wanta newjob youvegot sucha goodone alreadyA.that B.where C.whichD.when
16.John playsfootball,if not better than,David.A.as wellB.as wellas C.so wellD.so wellas
17.Well haveto finishthe job,.A.long it takes howeverB.it takeshowever longC.long howeverit takesD.however longittakes
18.1,Mother willwait forhim tohave dinnertogether.[NMET]A.However lateis heB.However heis lateC.However ishe lateD.However lateheis
19.If wework witha strongwill,we canovercome anydifficulty,great itis.A.what B.how C.however D.Whatever
20.John shuteverybody outof thekitchen,he couldprepare hisgrand surprisefor theparty.A.whichB.when C.so thatD.as if
21.Dont beafraid ofasking forhelp itis needed.A.unless B.since C.although D.when
22.Someone calledup inthe middleofthenight,but theyhung upI couldanswerthephone.A.as B.since C.until D.before
23.—Dad,Ive finishedmy assignment.一Good,and youplay orwatch TV,you mustntdisturb me.A.whenever B.whether C.whatever D.no matter【答案与解析】该题是根据交际情景考查连词的用法据题意西蒙认为他的计算机坏了,一直到他弟弟指出他忘了开LA机得知选until意为到・・.为止
1.B该题是根据交际情景考查连词的用法力tis+时间+since.・.”意为自……多少时间了”是固定句型句意自从上次我们见面已有五年了该题考查从属连词引导目的状语从句的用法根据语境此处是表示目的因此选择句意玫
3.B B.so that瑰花需要特别的护理,才能过冬该题根据交际情景考查从属连词引导条件状语从句的用法从逻辑关系看是
4.D sayyou*renotcoming see的条件假设关系句意除非你打电话说你不来了,我就要在剧院见你you该题考查引导的地点状语从句的用法句意她的裤子在她擦手的地方有脏点
5.A where该题根据交际情景考查丛属连词引导时间状语从句的用法关键是主句的时态是过去完成时,表示过
6.B去只过去因此此处选择指“在…时间之前句意我意识到油画丢了时,已经过去了好几个before星期了该题根据交际情景考查引导状语从句的连词的用法根据句意有人告诉我们说我们应当沿大路一直
7.B走直到走到中心火车站为止应当选择untilo该题考查时间状语从句的用法据题意是代词,代替时间,故选句意我们还没到温彻斯特
8.D itbefore城天就黑了该题考查时间状语从句的用法关键词有地点、方式和事物因此,此处选择
9.A foodfree inmy restaurant,时间句意无论你愿什么时候来我的饭馆里吃饭,都免费考查装语从句的用法整个句子的前后两部分为因果关系,因此,正确句意父母应该认真对待
10.A A孩子对太阳镜的要求,因为,在有阳光的天气里太阳镜是必需的考查状语从句,当状语从句的主语如果与从句的主语相同,并有助动词时,可以省略主语与为
11.B bebe B正确答案该题考查交际情景中动词时态和形容词的使用在引导的时间状语从句中要用一般
12.C convenientwhenever现在时态,不能用将来时态,意为便利的,方便的指的是某物或者是某事对某人来说很方convenient便,主语不能是人故选题意你什么时候方便,什么时候来看我C该题考查引导地点状语从句的用法句意你应当养成习惯,将东西放在你能找到的地方
13.B where该题考查引导的地点状语从句的用法句子的题干中没有先行词,故是由引导的地点状语
14.B wherewhere从句,意为“在……地方”,相当于一个介词或副词短语作用句意:战后,在以前的剧院处建了一所新学校该题考查引导的状语从句的用法除了作“当…时”讲,还有其他意思,例如”如果;然而;
15.D whenWhen既然;考虑到;”讲据题意,句中的作“既然”讲句意既然已经有了一份这样好的工作,为when什么还要找新工作?又如既然能用塑料,为什么还要用木料?Why usewood whenyoucanuse plastic该题考查比较状语从句的用法该题的最大的干扰是如果将其去掉就很容易看出这是由
16.B ifnotbetterthan,引导的同级比较状语从句句意如果说的足球踢的不比好,至少和他踢的一样好as...as JohnDavid该题考查由引导的让步状语从句语序的用法状语从句应用陈述句语序,即形容词/
17.D however“however+副词+主谓结构”句意不管需要多长时间,我们都一定完成这项工作该题考查由引导的让步状语从句语序的用法状语从句应当用陈述句语序即+形容
18.D howeverhowever词/副词+主谓结构”句意不论他多晚回家,他母亲都会等他一起用餐该题考查由-词引导的让步状语从句的用法该题的关键词是因其是形容词,故选
19.C“wh+ever”great,however,后面多接名词词强调任意性,泛指;词”强调特指句意如果我们在工作中whatever“wh-+ever”“wh-有坚强的意志,不管有多大困难,我们都能克服该题考查由引导目的状语从句的用法相当于要根据逻辑推理
20.C sothat sothat inorderthat,he couldprepare his一句的目的,故用引导目的状语从句句意把其他人关在厨房grand surprisefortheparty.It sothat John外,目的是能够为晚会烹饪出人意料的东西该题考查引导的状语从句的用法据题意如果你需要时别不敢求援得知此处是由引导的
21.D when when状语从句,在这里既表示时间还表示条件,此处含有的意思还有“如果;虽然,whenwhenif When然而;既然;考虑到“之意该题考查由引导时间状语从句的用法题意有人半夜给我打电话,但是我还没来得及接他们就
22.D before挂断了用引导时间状语从句强调挂断在接电话之前发生before考查引导的状语从句句意“爸爸,我已经做完作业了”“好,你不论是玩还是看电视,你
23.B whether绝对不能打扰我”❖名词性从句考点归纳在复合句中具有名词的性质的作主语、表语、同位语、宾语的从句叫名词性从句因此,我们把主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句和宾语从句这四种从句统称为名词性从句当名词性从句要采用陈述句语序由一个含疑问意义的连词引起时,必须将该连词放在名词性从句的开头,且该从句语序不能倒装
⑤其他是无关紧要的It doesn^matter...It makesno difference...毫无区另....…无关紧要It isof littleconsequence that、由连接代词引导的主语从句2()连接代词等,弓|导主语从句1who,what,which,whom,whose,whatever,whoever,whomever,whichever时,它们分别在从句中担任主语、宾语或定语,不能省略走得最晚的应当关灯Whoever leavesthe roomlast oughttoturnoff thelights.你的行为可能伤害别人What youhave donemight doharm toother people.()引导主语从句”的东西/事情’’时,可用来表示⑸这种意思,引导从句,表示一2what thething which样东西与一件事情,这种用法的称为关系代词型可以和构成合成词,what what,who,whom,which,what ever和一样引导从句,起强调作用这些关系词在句子中充当成分,所以不能省略此类主语从句不what ever能用形式主语引导it()我所需耍的是一部移动电话What Ineed=The thinewhichIneed isa mobilephone.行()无论是谁离开办公室都应该Whoever leavesthe ofce=Any onewho leavesthe officeshould tellme.告诉我、连接副词引导的主语从句3连接副词有等引导主语从句时,它们在从句中担任状语,when,where,why,how,however,whenever,wherever不能省略此类主语从句可以转换为以作形式主语的句子it他为什么没来谁也不清楚Why hedidnt comehere isnot clearto anyone.
二、表语从句用作表语的从句叫作表语从句,它位于主句中的连系动词之后引导表语从句的词有从属连词、、that whether();关系代词等;关系as thoughif who,what,which,whom,whose,whatever,whoever,whomever,whichever副词等可以接表语从句的连系动词由when,where,why,how,however,whenever,wherever be,look,remain,等引导表语从句时,在口语中,间或可以省略seem That、由从属连词引导的表语从句1that,whether在引导表语从句时无词义,而有词义,意为、“是否”这时主句的主语常常是些抽象名词,that whether如(问题),(麻烦),(问题),(结果),(可能性),(建question troubleproblem resultchance suggestion议),(想法),(理由)等表语从句对主句主语进行说明、解释,使主语的内容具体化idea reason()麻烦的事是他丢了钱The troubleis that she haslost hismoney.问题是我们是否还需要一些冰淇淋The questionis whetherwe needmore icecream.、由关系代词引导的表语从句2关系代词等弓|导表语从句,在句who,what,which,whom,whose,whatever,whoever,whomever,whichever中作主语、宾语、表语,关系代词不能省略.问题是我们哪一个应该去The questionis whichof usshould eo问题是谁能做这项工作The problemwas whocould dothe work.、由关系副词引导的表语从句3去把雨衣拿来就在你原来放的地方Go andget yourcoat.It*s whereyou leftit.那就是他所担心的That iswhat heis worriedabout.、由连词等引导的表语从句4because,as if/as though.看起来好像要下雪了It lookedas ifit wascoiac tosnow
三、同位语从句用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句它一般跟在抽象名词fact,idea,news,hope,belief,thought,truth,doubt,等之后,对这些名词进行说明或解释引导同位语suggestion,warning,instruction,reason,information,question从句的词除连词外,还有关系代词以及关系副词等that,whether what,which,who,how,when,where,why、由从属连词引导的同位语从句1that,whether我没有听到会议被推迟的消息I didntreceive thenews thatthe meeticehad beenput off.、由关系代词引导的同位语从句2你根本想不到他说了些什么You canhave no idea whathe said.、由关系副词引导的同位语从句3我不知道他什么时候回来I haveno ideawhen hnwillbeback.、定语从句与同位语从句的区别4()同位语从句相当于名词,它对其前的名词起补充说明或进一步解释其内容的作用;而定语从句的功能1相当于形容词,它对其先行词起修饰、描述或限制作用()她提出的建议很好(定语从句)The suggestionthatshehas putforward isvery good.我们轮流打扫教室,这个建议很好(同位语The suggestionthat weclean theclassroom byturns isvery good.从句)()引导定语从句的是关系代词,在从句中充当某种成分,作宾语时可省略;而引导同位语从句的2that that是连接词,在从句中不作任何成分,也不能省略()我们所谈论的情况很重要(定语从句,作从句中介词The factthatwetalked aboutis important.that about的宾语).他的实验成功了,这使大家很高兴(同位语The factthat hesucceeded inthe experimentpleased everybody从句,在从句中不作任何成分)that()引导定语从句的是关系副词,不但在句中充当句子成分,还有与其含义相当的先行词;而3when,where引导同位语从句的是关系副词,虽可以在从句中充当句子成分,但没有与之含义相当的先行when,where词中国人民受欺侮的时候一去不复返了(定语从句,Gone foreverarethe days whenChinese peoplewere bullied.与构成含义相当的搭配关系the dayswhen.我不知道他什么时候回道同位语从句,与在含义上没有任何Ihavenoideawhen hewillbeback ideawhen搭配关系同位语从句的先行词应是表示抽象概念的词,$□4idea,belief,conclusion,impression,fact,news,idea,thought,等,而定语从句的先行词是各种抽象概念的词或具体概念的词hope,order,suggestion,belief他表示希望有一天能写小说同位语从句He expressedthe hopethathewould writea novelsomeday.我永远忘不了我们在良乡的日子定语从I willnever forgetthedayswhen wewere inLiancxianc together,句
四、宾语从句object clauses用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句宾语从句的位置与陈述句基本结构中的宾语相同宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语,也可以作介词和非谓语动词动词不定式、动名词、分词和某些形容词的宾语宾语从句可以由从属连词关系代词和关系副词等引导、作that whether if,what,who,whose,which whenwhere howwhy1动词宾语由从属连词引导的宾语从句引导宾语从句时,只起引导词作用,在句中不做成分,在口语和非1that that正式文体中常省去我认为他几天后就会好的I thinkthat hellbe rightinafewdays.我希望她理解我I wishthatshewould understandme.由关系代词引导的宾语从句,在句中作成分,即主语、宾语、表语和定语,关2what,who,whose,which系代词在句中不能省略、计算机只能按人的指令去做A computercan onlydo whatouhaveinstructedittdo.你知道他们在等谁吗Do youknow whomtheyarewaitingfor关系副词等引导宾语从句3when,where,how,why关系副词既有疑问意义,又起连接作用,而且在宾语从句中充当各种状语,分别when,where,how,why表时间、地点、方式、原因在句中不能省略请告诉我我们将何时讨论计划Please tellmewhenwe shalldiscuss ourplan.工我不知道我们将在哪里开会I dontknow wherewe areooine tohave themeetin由从属连词或引导的宾语从句4whether if我想知道在乡下女儿是否和I wonderwhetherifdaughters arevalued asmuch assons inthe countryside.儿子一样受到重视我不知道你是否愿意帮我I dontknow whetherif youarewilling tohelpme.。