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名词的数
1.规则名词的复数形式名词的复数形式,一般在单数形式后面加-s或-es现将构成方法与读音规则列表如下规则例词1一般情况在词尾加・s map-maps,sea-seas,girl-girls,day-days2以s,x,ch,sh结尾的名词后加-es class-classes,box-boxes,watch-watches,dish-dishesleaf-leaves,thief-thieves,knife-knives,wife-wives,变-f和-fe为v再加-eshalf-halves3以-f或・fe结尾的词加-s chief-chiefs,proof-proofs,roof-roofs4以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i加・es party-parties,family-families,story-stories,city-cities以元音字母加y结尾的名词,或专有名词以y结尾的,5toy-toys,boy-boys,day-days,ray-rays,Henry-Henrys加-SNegro-Negroes,hero-heroes,potato-potatoes,tomato-t般加・esomatoes6以辅音字母加•结尾的名词piano-pianos,photo-photos,auto-autos,kilo-kilos,solo-solos不少外来词加・s两者皆可zero-zeros/zeroes,volcano-volcanoes/volcanos7以兀音r母加-o结尾的名词加-s radio-radios,bamboo-bamboos,zoo-zoos8以-th结尾的名词加-s truth-truths,mouth-mouths,month-months,path-paths,
2.不规则名词复数英语里有些名词的复数形式是不规则的,现归纳如下:规则例词1改变名词中的元音字母或其他形式man-men,woman-women,foot-feet,goose-geese,mouse-mice2单复数相同sheep,deer,means,works,fish,yuan3只有复数形式trousers,clothes,thanks,goods,glasses,4一些集体名词总是用作复数people,policeclass,family,crowd,couple,group,government,population,team,pu blic,部分集体名词既可以作单数(整体)也5party可以作复数(成员)customs(海关),times(时代),spirits(情绪),drinks(饮料),sands(沙滩),6复数形式表示特别含义pap ers(文件报纸),looks(外表),brains(头脑智力),greens(青菜)7表示“某加-s Americans,Australians,Germans,Greeks,Swedes,Europeans国人”单复数同形Swiss,Portuguese,Chinese,Japanese以-man或-woman结尾的Englishmen,Frenchwomen改为・men,-women将主体名词变为复数sons-in-law,lookers-on,passers-by,story-tellers,boy friends合成名无主体名词时将最后一部8grown-ups,housewives,stopwatches词分变为复数将两部分变为复数women singers,men servants名词的所有格名词在句中表示所有关系的语法形式叫做名词所有格所有格分两种一是名词词尾加S构成,二是由介词of加名词构成前者多表示有生命的东西,后者多表示无生命的东西1/S所有格的构成:单数名词在末尾加s theboys father,Jacks book,her son-in-laws photo,一般在末尾加’the teachers*room,the twinsmother,复数名词不规则第数名词后加S thechildrens toys,womens rights,以s结尾的人名所有格加‘s或者’Dickens,novels,Charless job,the Smiths5house表示各自的所有关系时,各名词末尾均须加S Japansand Americasproblems,Janes andMarys bikes表示共有的所有关系时在最后一词末加S Japanand Americasproblems,Jane andMarys father表示“某人家“店铺“,所有格后名词省略the doctors,the barbers,the tailors,my uncles
2.s所有格的用法:1表示时间todays newspaper,five weeks5holiday2表示自然现象the earthsatmosphere,the treesbranches3表示国家城市等地方的名词the countrysplan,the worldspopulation,Chinas industry4表示工作群体the shipscrew,majoritys view,the teamsvictory5表示度量衡及价值a milesjourney,five dollars,worth ofapples6与人类活动有特殊关系的名词the lifestime,the playsplot7某些固定词组a birdseye view,a stonesthrow
3.of所有格的用法用于无生命的东西the legsof thechair,the coverof thebook用于有生命的东西,尤其是有较名词单复长定语时the classroomsof thefirst-year students用于名词化的词the struggleof theoppressed数的判断
1.如何判定是可数名词还是不可数名词;
①可数名词有单数和复数两种形式,如desk,desks
②可数名词前面可以被基数词,不定冠词a/an,many修饰,如:three boys,an apple,many studentso
2.如何判定是不可数名词;
①不可数名词没有复数形式,如tea,meat
②不可数名词,若表示数量,可用量词加不可数名词,如a pieceof paper,two cupsof teao
3.常见的名词修饰词
①只修饰可数名词的修饰语few几乎没有a few有几个several有几个many很多a coupleof两个a numberof若干a great/large numberof许多
②只修饰不可数名词的修饰语Httle很少,几乎没有a little有一点儿much很多a good/great dealof很多a bitof有一点儿a largeamount of大量的
③既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词的修饰语some一些a lotof很多lots of很多plenty of充足的enough足够的most大多数的hardly any几乎没有the restof剩下的名词拓展
1.voice,noise,soundvoice指人的说话声或唱歌声,指人的“嗓音”;noise是“吵闹声、噪音”,指不悦耳的声音;sound指自然界中的任何声音与
2.work jobwork是不可数名词,指需花费体力和脑力的工作;job是可数名词,多指“零工”或“短工”例:a part-time job一份兼职工作;out ofwork失业
3.family,home,housefamily强调整体,指“家、家庭”时,谓语动词用单数;强调个人,指“家庭成员”时,谓语动词用复数;不用于指住房home强调家的概念,指人们生活居住的地方,也指出生的国家或城市;house意为“房屋、住宅”,侧重房屋本身例:My familyis abig family.我家是个大家庭(强调整体)All myfamily werewatching TVwhen Tomcame in.(强调家庭成员)汤姆进来时,我们全家人都在看电视Tom considersBeijing tobe hissecond home.汤姆把北京视为他的第二故乡I boughta housewith abig gardentwo yearsago.两年前我买了个带大花园的房子和
4.place,room spaceplace意为“地点、地方”,为可数名词,指某一具体地点room作“房间”讲,是可数名词;作“空间”讲,是不可数名词,指供某物、某人或某个活动使用的空间space空间,表示万物存在之处,与time(时间)为相对概念
1.Ms.Liu gaveus someuseful onhow toprepare forthe exam.They reallyhelped mea lot.A.advantages B.expressionsC.suggestions D.experiences【答案】C【解析】考查名词词义辨析句意为刘老师给了我们一些关于如何准备考试的有用的它们真的帮助了我许多advantages优点;expressions表达;suggestions建议;experiences经历此处指有用的建议,故选C
2.Many highschool studentswant to go abroadfor further.A.surprise B.achievementC.education D.satisfaction【答案】C【解析】考查名词词义辨析句意许多高中生想去国外接受进一步的o surprise惊喜,惊讶;achievement成就;education教育;satisfaction满意结合句意可知此处是指去国外深造故选C
3.Peter didnttell hisparents thathe wouldgo homebecause hewanted togive thema.A.note B.surprise C.call D.gift【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析句意为彼得没有告诉父母他将要回家,因为他想给他们一个o note便条;surprise惊喜;call电话;gift礼物give sb.a surprise“给某人一个惊喜根据语境可知,此处指的是“给父母一个惊喜”故选B
4.1n thecenter ofthe squarestands astatue whichis theof ourschool.A.light B.book C.symbol D.star【答案】C【解析】考查名词词义辨析句意为在广场中间有一座雕像,它是我们学校的light灯;book书;symbol象征,标志;star星星,明星结合句意可知,雕像应该是学校的一个标志故C()
5.Bill willbe an tointerview thefootball playersin thecoming TokyoOlympics in
2020.A.doctor B.reporter C.tourist D.engineer【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析句意为比尔将作为一名在即将来临的2020年东京奥运会上采访足球运动员doctor医生;reporter记者;tourist游客;engineer工程师采访一般是记者做的事,故选B
一、完成句子
1.为了提高写作能力,我坚持写日记In orderto improvemy writing,I stickto adiary.
2.孩子们,请深吸一口气,放松自己Please takea deepand relax,kids.
3.不要害怕犯错误Dont beafraid of.
4..这里有一些如何掌握电脑技能的建议Here aresome onhow tothe computerskills.
5.商店里有许多种水果There aremany ofin the
6.大黄和他的朋友们昨天买了两把刀、两只老鼠、三个土豆Mr Huangbought twotwo andthree
7.这是Lucy和lily共有的房间The roomisL
二、语篇填电The Whitesare1(德国人),they comefrom2(德国).(老They keepmany petssuch as3鼠),4(鹅),5(绵羊),6(鹿.)They likehaving some7(土豆),8西红柿and some9(蔬菜)for()lunch.After lunchthey oftendrink some10orange.They()like11orange verymuch.Most oftheir clothesare12(orange).Last weekthey had a13(三天的)holiday.They madea14(决定)togoto chinatomeet15(他们的一个朋友)Tom.when theygotto16(Tom的家).They metseveral17(妇女),18(小孩)and two19(男医生).One ofthe doctorswas Tom.His main2(工作)is to help21(穷人)keephealthy.When heheard Mr.Whites22(声音)he feltvery happy.Then hegave Mr.White a23(建议)to stayin Chinatohelpthepeople.Because hehadawonderful24(经历)here.Tom regardsNingxiaas hissecond25(家)because hehas beenhere forover twentyyears.。