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初中英语从句知识点总结初中英语从句知识点总结初中英语从句知识点总结1从句分为定语从句,状语从句和名词从句三大类定语从句又分为限定性和非限定性从句两种,由关系代词或关系副词引导,修饰主句的某个成分状语从句分为时间、结果、让步、原因、条件及行为方式状语从句名词从句包括主语、宾语、表语和同位语从句及句型there be.定语从句1限定性定语从句中可代表人和事,而只代表事;二者在从that which,句中作主语或宾语作宾语时常可省略,则不能而且其后的”that which不及物动词+介词’中的介词不能省略作宾语时,先行词与which which之间的介词不能省例如
2.The firstdoll thatcould saymama was invented in
1830.
3.The secondhalf ofhis voyagewas byfar the more dangerouspart,during whichhe sailedround theCape Horn.代表等词时,用而all,anything,something,nothing,much that不用作宾语可省略例如which,that
1.1care anythingthat hassomething to do withit.
2.Youd betterdo somethinghe preferstodoto pleasehim.
3.That is the lasttime wemet eachother.
4.1came acrossthe woman you told me aboutyesterday.和引导的从句用来修饰人,分别作从句的主语和宾语who whom是关系副词,用于表示地点的定语从句,而用来表示时间where when是关系代词,修饰名词作定语例如whose
1.Henry Fordis theperson whois mostresponsible fordevelopingthe ideaof massproduction.
2.The kneeis thejoint wherethe thighbone meetsthe largebone of thelower leg.()定语从句中的既代替先行词,同时以在从句中作某个成分1that(主语或宾语),而同位语从句中的是连词,只起连接主句与从句的that作用,不充当句中任何成分()定语从句是形容词性的,其功能是修饰先行词,对先行词加以限2定,描述定的性质或特征;同位语从句是名词性的,其功能是对名词进行补充说明例如)1The newsthat hetold meis that Tom would go abroadnext.(他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国)(第一个引导的从句year that是定语从句,在从句中作宾语)that)(汤姆将2The newsthatTomwouldgoabroad istold byhim.出国的消息是他讲的)(同位语从句,在句中不作任何成分)初中that英语从句知识点总结3:英语从句三大类型按一般说法,可分为三大类种从句PART114一,名词性从句主语从句1Whether its right or not remainsto beseen.宾语从句2I wonderwhether itsright or not.同位语从句3This is a questionwhether it*sright or not.表语从句!4The questionis whetherit srightornot.二,定语从句限定生定语从句1t She is the student who can speak Englishwell.非限定性定语从句2She isthestudent,whocanspeakEnglishwell.三,状语从句时间状语从句3The factwill comeout whenhe comeshere.地点状语从句4You cango whereveryou like.原因状语从句5Pay moreattention toyour lessonsbecause youarea student.方式状语从句6He walksas if he werea king.目的状语从句7She went to Japanso thatshe couldlearnJapanese well.结果状语从句8She wentto Japanso thatshe learnedJapanesewell.条件状语从句9I willunderstand itifhetells me.让步状语从句10He knowsa lotthough he is little.经典名词性从句PART2:主语从句在复合句中起主语作用的从句叫主语从句subject clauses引导主语从句的词有从属连词、、关系代词、连接副词等引导主语从句的.关联词有从属连词关系代词that,whether who,what,which,z关系副词whom,whose,whatever,whoever;whomever,whichever;等when,where,how,why,however,whenever,wherever.你不喜欢她不管That you don tlike himisnone ofmy business我的事.他说的是真的What hesaidis trueDoyou rememberhow he arrivedalmost at the endof the你记得他几乎是在宴会快结束时才到的吗?party Thispartys啊,这个晚会真棒!reallywhere itsat,man!告Tell ushowyou fulfilledthe heavytask aheadof schedule•诉我们,你们是怎样提前完成这一艰巨任务的We havereason to believethat thefighting onthe border may喻我们有理由相信边境上的冲突可能发develop intoa full-blown war.展成一场全面战争他说他要来He saidthat he wouldcome.Whether thefootball gamewill beplayeddepends onthe足球比赛是否举行将视天气而定weather.表语从句用作表语的从句叫作表语从句,它位于主句中的连系动词之后引导表语从句的词有从属连词、关系代词that whetheras thoughif;xwho,what,which,whom,whose,whatever,whoever,whomever,等;关系副词whichever when,where,why,how,however,whenever,等可以接表语从句的连系动词由等wherever be,look,remain,seem引导表语从句时,在口语中,间或可以省略That困难是我]资金短缺The troubleisthat weare shortof money.6That iswhystone wallsare usedinstead offences aroundNew这就是为什么在新英格兰用石头墙而不用栅栏的原因England fieIds.At thattime,it seemedas if Icouldnt thinkof the right word当时,我似乎怎么也想不出一个恰当的字眼来anyhow.宾语从句用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句宾语从句的object clauses位置与陈述句基本结构中的宾语相同宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语,也可以作介词和非谓语动词动词不定式、动名词、分词和某些形容词的宾语宾语从句可以由从属连词关系代词that whether if,what,who,和关系副词、、、等引导whose,which whenwhere howwhy他说他想去城里He saidhewanted togo totown.我希望你能很快好起来I hopeyoullbe bettersoon.你能设法抽rmso gladthat you wereable tocome tothis party.空出席这个交际会,我很高兴除I knownothing aboutit exceptwhat I haveread in the papers.了在报上读到的以外,我对这件事一无所知Most of the Chinesepeople usuallygo towork onthe bike除了雨天,大多数中国人一般都骑自行车上班exceptwhen itrains.他问我,她来还是不来He askedmewhether shewas coming.同位语从句用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句它一般跟在抽象名词fact,idea,news,hope,belief,thought,truth,doubt,suggestion,等之后,对这些名warning,instruction,reason,information,question词进行说明或解释引导同位语从句的词除连词外,还有关that,whether•系代词以及关系副词等what,which,who,how,when,where,why吸烟危害健康,这是It is a factthatsmoking isa dangerto health.事实.我一点儿也不明白你的意思I haveno ideawhat you mean.他建议我彳门坐火车He madethe suggestionthat we goby train去毫无疑问,他是有罪的There isno doubtthat he isguilty.:经典定语从句PART
3.窗户朝南的那间房间是我的1The roomwhose window faces south is mine.=The roomofwhich thewindowfacessouthismine.整座城市躺在废墟中,其中百分子的工厂和大楼消失不见了L75The wholecity,75%of whosefactories andbuildings weregone,lay inruins..我们公司有工人,三分之二是女工22000Our companyhas2000workers,of whomtwo thirds/two thirdsofwhom arewomen..那些被困在废墟里的人已经得救了3Those whowere trappedunder theruins finallygot rescued..你们刚才谈论的那场地震好可怕呀!4The earthquakethat youwere talkingabout soundedfrightening/shocking.=The earthquakeabout which you weretalkingsounded frightening..我的家人都是音乐爰好者,今晚将去看电影5My family,all ofwhom aremusic lovers,are goingto the movietonight..我们正在看的这幢大楼过去曾经是一家医院6The buildingwhich weare lookingat used tobea hospital..约翰向母亲说起过把他在国外见过的人和城市7John oncetalked tohis momabout the people andcities thathehad visitedabroad..他是去过伦敦的一位以观光者之一8He isone ofthe touristswho havebeen toLondon..他是这些观光者当中唯一去过伦敦的9He isthe onlyoneofthe visitorsthat/who has been toLondon..这就是你们上个礼拜参观过的学校吗?10Is thisthe schoolthat you visited last Sunday.这所学校就是你们上个礼拜参观过的那所吗?11Is thisschool theone that youvisitedlastSunday.他们曾经居住过的是在这个地方里12It isin thisplace that he once lived.这是他们曾经住过的地址13It isthe placewhere heoncelived..他有两个儿子,每一位都看起来像他14He hastwo sons,either ofwhom looks like him..他有连个儿子,并且每一个都看起来像他15He hastwo sons,and eitherof themlookslikehim..这是一本封面是蓝色的书
1617.This isa book whose cover is blue.=This isa book,of whichthe coveris blue=This isa bookthecoverof which isblue.z.他不说令她生气的话18He saidnothing thatmade herangry..那就是他拒绝在会上发言的理由19That was the reasonwhy/forwhich herefused tospeak at the meeting.=That wasthe reasonwhich/that herefused tospeak forat themeeting..那就是前几天麦克给我的理由20That wasthe reasonthat/which Macgave me..正如我们大家都知道的一样,比尔盖茨创建了微软公司21As is known tous all,Bill Gates founded Microsoft on his own..比尔盖茨创建了微软公司是我们大家都知道的22It isknown tous allthat Bill Gates foundedMicrosoftonhisown.=That Bill GatesfoundedhisownMicrosoft isknown tousall..是他那夹杂着乡村音乐,布鲁斯音乐和福音的风格成就了他的名23气你是同谁一起去看的电影?It ishis voice,with hiscountry,blues andGospel styles,thatmade himfamous.Who was it that you wentto themovie togetherwith=With whomwasit that youwentto themovietogether...他不像是那种把工作留下一半的那种人24He isnt such a manas wouldleave hiswork halfdone..我要用与你们工厂里用过相同的那种工具25I preferto usethe sametools as were usedin yourfactory..我丢了一本书,书名我一时记不起来了26I havelost abookwhosetitle escapes me at the moment.=I lostabook,of which the titleescapesmeatthemoment.像你在读的那本小说我不欣赏27I don t enjoysuch abook as you arereading.=1don tappreciatethe samebook asyou arereading..擦黑板的那一位应该受到表扬28The onewho cleansthe blackboardshould bepraised.
0.我在初中度过的那三年我永远不会忘记29I willnever forget the threeyears that I spentin thejuniormiddle school那不是我做事情的方法
30.That isnttheway in which/that Ido it..他们能用不同的方法拼写单词,这是你们发现有趣的方法31They couldspell wordsin differentways which/thatyoumightfind interesting.=They couldspell wordsby differentmeans that/whichyoumight findinteresting..照现在的样子抄写这个表达词语,不要有任何更改32zCopy thisexpression asit is;dontmake anychange..我们将尝试着帮助家长改善他们与孩子交谈的方式33()We willtry tohelp parentsimprove the ways that/in whichtheytalk with their children..只有用这种方法才会停止比尔盖茨的快速成功34Only in this way/by thismeans canBillGatesquick successbezstopped.=Only inthis way/By thismeans can they stopBillGatesquick successo.这位在救援中左脚受伤的士兵,年仅二十岁、35The soldierwhose leftfoot gotwounded duringthe rescueisonly twentyyears old..他们破坏法律的方式开始的时候是和平的36At firstthewaysthat/inwhichthey broke the lawswerepeaceful.经典状语从句PART
4.条件状语从句1).(除三若不;1Lets goout fora walkunlessyou are tootired£相当于)if—not即:If youare tootired,we IInot goout fora walk.)(要,2You mayborrow mybookas longasyou keepit clean.R表示条件的唯一性))(以防---,以免---)3Take yourumbrellain caseitrains.)4I cantell youthe truthoncondition thatyoupromise tokeep(条件是)a secret.—-)5Supposingit rains,shall wecontinue thesports(如果,假如)meeting)6He wont be againstus in the(假meetingprovided/providingthat weask forhis advicein advance.如,除非以……为条件))7You will be successfulin theinterviewonceyou have(一旦--就--)confidence..时间状语从句8).(当---的时候,表示瞬1Whenshe camein,I stoppedeating时动词〃))2Whilemy wifewas readingthe newspaper,I waswatching TV.(当---的时候,是延续性的动词,和was readingwas readingwas同时发生)watching)(然而,3I like playing footballwhileyoulikeplayingbasketball.表示对比))(弓虽调句中两个4Aswe wasgoing out,it beganto snow.as动作紧接着先后发生,而不强调开始下雪的特定时间))(表示〃一边一边〃)5We alwayssingaswe walk.as)(〃在—6Einstein almostknocked medownbeforehe sawme.之前〃或----------才〃))(7My fatherhad leftfor Canadajustbeforethe letterarrived.刚好在一之前或…就))8Afteryou thinkit over,please letme knowwhatyoudecide.(在---之后))()(直到-9Ididntgo tobeduntil tillmy fathercame back.---才”,主句中的动词为非延续性动词))(直到——才,主句中的动词10I workeduntilhecame back.为延续性动词))(自从---)11Where haveyou beensincellast sawyou)就121will gotheredirectlyl have finished mybreakfast/———---,另夕卜有)immediately,instantly)(13The momentI heardthe news,I hastenedto thespot.———就---,另夕卜有)the instant,the minute,ect.)(―——就---)14As soona sireachCanada,I willring youup.)15He hadno soonerarrived homethanhewas askedto starton就——另夕卜有another journey/———hardly/scarcely——when—)-)(“至」16By thetimeyou cameback,I hadfinished thisbook.I-一时为止〃,从句是一般过去时,主句是过去完成时))17By thetimeyou comehere tomorrow,I willhavefinishedthis(到---时为止〃,从句是一般现在时,主句是将来完成时)work.)(〃每当18Each timehecame toHarbin,he wouldcall onme.---的时候或每次,复习和)each time,every timewhenever.有关时间状语从句的重点句型3)(1It willbefour daysbeforethey come back.It willbe--)过很久才—before—)(2It wont befourdaysbeforetheycomeback.It wontbe--不久就)before----)3It was not untilthemeeting wasoverthathe beganto teach〃(/z的强调句型)me English.It wasnot until—that——not until)4Not untilthemeeting wasover didhe beginto teachme(的倒装句型)English.not until).我们老4It is/has beenfivemonthssinceour bosswasinBeijing板离开北京有五个月了(自从---以来多长时It is/hasbeen---since间))我刚坐下,他就进来5Hardlyhad Isat downwhenhestepped in.了(z//同注意时hardly/scarcely——when---no sooner---than”态的应用).原因状语从句5)(弓虽调〃直l Thesweater shrankbecauseitwas washedbadly.接原因〃))z(由于)2Since[As]we veno money,we cant buyit.)3Sinceyou arefree today,you hadbetter helpme withmy〃(〃既然〃强调双方共知的原因,复习mathematics.nowthat,seeing thatconsidering that,in thatz弓|导的4He couldnot haveseen me,fori wasnot there.for原因状语从句并不说明主句行为发生的直接原因,只提供一些辅助性的补,充说明引导的原因状语从句只能放于主句之后并且必须用逗号将其for与主句隔开)).国弓虽不在大5The countryisnotstrongbecauseit islarge(结构中的否定的是引导的整个从句)not...because notbecause5结果状语从句lThere issorapidan increasein populationthatafood shortage.太---以至于is caused2They aresuchfineteachersthatwe allhold themin great太一以致于respect.以致于3It wasvery cold,so thattheriver froze.注意状语从句与结构的不同4too….to..enough to...,so...as to目的状语从句61You mustspeak loudersothat/in orderthatyou canbe为了;以便heard byall.生怕,以免2He wrotethe namedownfor fearthat heshouldforget it.以免3Better takemore clothesincase theweather iscold..以便4Say itloudersothat everyonecan hearyou.让步状语从句71Although/Thoughhe wasworn out,still hekept on虽然,纵然,尽管working.Y虽然,纵然,尽管2Objectasyou may,II go.虽然,纵3Hardas/thoughhe works,he makeslittle progress.然,尽管4Childas/thoughhe was,he knewwhat wastherightthing to虽然,纵然,尽管do.〃艮5We IImake atripeven if/thoughthe weatheris bad.
3.The nextmorning,when shecame downto breakfast,Marywas beamingwiththepleasure ofa new,great discovery.
4.The visitingprofessor isa famousscientist whose son studiesinmy department.在下列情况艮定性定语从句的关系代词可以省略)当关系代词在从句中作宾语或表语;或它们在从句中作介词的宾语,1而该介词又在句末时;)当先行词是2that,all,only,everything,something,nothing等代词时,或先行词前有一个最高级形容词修饰时;)当先行词前有等修饰时,或先彳3only,any,all,first,no,last亍词就是()等名time,moment,way anyway,direction,distance词时,关系代词即可省略例如l.The delegationwe hadbeen waitingfor finallyarrived.
2.1met thewomanyoutoldmeabout.
3.She gaveme allshe couldafford.
4.With TVwe cansee thingshappen almostattheexactmoment theyare happening.非限定性定语从句,其作用为对所修饰的成分作进一步的说明,它与主句用逗号隔开此类从句省略后其余部分仍可成立在非限定性定语从句中,可代表前面的整个句子;代表人时只能用而Which who,whom,不能用也可用作关系代词例如that;as
1.The telephone,asweknow,wastheinvention ofAlexanderGraham Bell.
2.The LittleWhite Housein WarmSprings wasthe GeorgiahomePresident
3.Franklin D.Roosevelt,who diedthere onApril12,
1945.
74.Living ina damphouse fora longtime isharmful toone shealth,whichisknown toeveryone..状语从句5状语从句可分为时间状语从句(主要由when,whenever,使……〃))6Youll haveto attendthe ceremonywhether youre freeorbusy.(不论是否......,不管是……还是……))7No matterwhoyou are,you mustkeep thelaw.((无论谁,复习=Whoeveryou are,you mustkeep thelaw.no matter+疑问词引导的状语从句)尽管)()8Whilel like the colour,I dontliketheshape..方式状语从句8)1Just aswe sweepour roomssowe shouldsweep backwardzideasfrom ourminds.)()2They completelyignore thesefactsas if as thoughtheynever existed.)说明也可以引导一个分词短语、不定式短语或3:asif/as though无动词短语,例如He staredat measif seeingme forthe firsttime.(他目不转睛地看着我,就像第一次看见我似的)(他清了清嗓子,像要He clearedhis throatasif tosay something.说什么似的).(波涛冲击着岩石,The wavesdashed onthe rocksasif inanger好像很愤怒)).(用---方式)4Please pronouncethe wordthewayl do)(按照---)5Leave thethingsasthey are..比较状语从句9)1You seemto knowmusicas wellasyou knowastronomy.(结构)as--as)(2There wasnogardensolovely ashisinthiscity,noso---as结构))3There werenot somany ticketsavailable aswere askedfor.(结构)not so—as)(4Finally hehas madeasmuch moneyashe wanted,as+adj结构)+n.+as)(结构)5Your watchis notthe same ashis.the sameas)(结6I nevermetsucha manasyouryounger brother.such--as构))(7She studiesmorediligently thanherclassmates.more than结构))(否定8Noother bookhas hadagreaterinfluence onmy life.词和比较级连用表示最高级含义))9This teacherexplained theproblem moreclearly thanany(比较级与,z连用表示最高级含义)other teacher.any otherone)(10The moreyou read,the betterwill youwrite.the more-结构))---the more11He earnednomore than800dollars amonth.他一个月只挣美元(+比较级结构).800no+than.地点状语从句10)l Wherethere isawill,there isa way.)2You shouldhave putthe bookwhereyoufound it)3Whereverthere issmoke,thereisfire.)4When youread thebook,youdbetter makeamarkwhereyou haveany questions.)5You shouldmake ita ruleto leavethingswhereyou canfindthem again初中英语从句知识点总结4
一、比较状语从句引导比较状语从句的从属连词为(和……一样),as...asnotas/so…as(和不一样),(比),(越越)这类从句than the more...themore常以省略形式出现如这工作不像你想像的The workis notso difficultasyouimagine.那么困难你看上去比你的实际年龄要年轻You lookyounger thanyouare.你学的知The moreyou study,themoreknowledge youcan get.识越多,你的知识越丰富z他工作不像她那样努力He doesnt workas hardas shedoes.
二、方式状语从句引导方式状语从句的从属连词有正如,或好像as asifasthough等如按我告诉你的那样做Do asI toldyou.,正如人能活也能死As aman lives,so hedies.整个这I remember the wholething asif ithappened yesterday.件事我记得很清楚,就仿佛是昨天发生似的注口语中也可用连词引导方式状语从句如like照他那样做Do itlike hedoes.她菜做得没有她妈那样好She cant cooklike hermother does.初中英语从句知识点总结5
一、关系代词引导的定语从句、由引导的从句1who,whom,that,Whose这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,作主语指人,who whom作宾语指人,既可作主语又可作宾语作宾语可以省略,可以指人也that可以指物用来指人或物,只用作定语Whose他是那个想见你的1Is hethe manwho/that wantsto see you男人吗在从句中作主语who/that他就是我昨天见的2He isthe manwhom/thatIsaw yesterday.那个人在从句中作宾语whom/that3The manwhom youspoke tojust nowis ourEnglish teacher你刚刚说话的那个男人是我们的英语老师那个儿子是医4he manwhosesonisadoctor isour professor.生的男人是我们的教授、由引导的从句2which,that它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等,作宾语时可以省略,例如()1Prosperity which/that hadnever beenseen before农村出现了前所未有的繁荣(appears in the countryside.which/that在从句中作主语)()()2The package which/thatyouare carryingis aboutto你拿那个包裹快要散开了(在从句中come unwrapped.which/that作宾语)注意代表物时多用,但在下列情况中用而不用which thatwhich:)先行词是等不定代词时;a anything,everything,nothing,none)先行词由等修饰时,b every,any,all,some,no,little,few,much这时的常被省略;that)先行词前有序数词或被形容词最高级修饰时;c)先行词中既有人又有物时;d)整个句中前面已有时;ewhich,who,that)当先行词为物并作表语时;f)先行词为时;g one)先行词同时又被修饰时;htheonly,the very,the same
二、关系副词引导的定语从句、指时间在定语从句中做时间状语也可做连接词用1whenI stillrememberthe day whenI firstcame tothe school.、指地点在定语从句中做地点状语2where Shanghaiis thecitywhere I was born.、指原因在定语从句中做原因状语,用在后面3why reasonPleasetell methe reasonwhy youmissed theplane.常见考法对于定语从句的考查,多以单选的形式考查学生灵活运用的能力一般情况下,常从关系词的意义和功能的角度考查,重点是that,which,who引导的定语从句典型例题Youre theonly personIve evermet could do it.A.who B.whom C.whom D.who解析先行词后有两个定语从句,第一个从句省略了关系代person词因为,作从句中的宾语,可以省略.第二个从句whom.whom metwho在从句中作主语,不可省略.coulddoit.who答案D误区提醒当表示时间或地点的名词作先行词时,要判断出它们在从句中作状语还是主语或宾语作状语时用关系副词,反之用关系代词典型例题I cannever forgetthe day we workedtogether andthedaywespent together.A.when;which B.which;when C.what;that D.on which;when解析两个先行词都是表示时间的名词,但第一个空白处要theday填的关系词在从句中作状语,因此要用关系副词第二个空白处要填when.的关系词在从句中作动词的宾语,因此要用关系代词或spent whichthat来引导定语从句.答案A等连词引导),after,before,a5,since,once,assoonas,Until,while结果状语从句(由和连接),让步状语从句(由so...that such...that等词引导),though,although,no matter,even if,however,whatever原因状语从句(由和引导),条件状语从句(由as,because,since forif,等词引导),地点状语从句(由whether,as longas,provided thatwhere引导),行为方式状语从句(由引导)有时条件状语从句中,主句as不可以用将来时,而用一般时代替例如
1.The smallgreenish flowersoftheelm treeappear intheSpring,long beforethe leavesgrow.
2.QiongYaos novelsusedtobe sopopular thather booksappearedon best-seller lists.
3.Gas balloonis lesssafe thanhot balloonbecause itmay catchfire.(同样的加速)
4.Uniform accelerationoccurs ifthe rateof changeremainsthesameover successiveequal intervalsof time.
5.Thousands ofChinese collegestudents wenttotheUSConsulate
6.Shanghai,where theyprotested NATOsbombing atChinasEmbassy inYugoslavia.〃状语从句中的主语可以省略,前提是从句主语和主句主语+be一致,且从句谓语省略后的结构为〃连词+现在分词/过去分词介词短be语/形容词/名词短语〃)例如
6.When wellfitted,glasses cancorrect mostsight defectsinhealthy eyes.
7.If necessary,I wouldlike toseeyouin youroffice.
3.Although seriouslywounded,he nevercomplained..名词从句3名词从句包括主语从句、宾语从句,其中有介词与形容词的宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句)主语从句1主语从句常出现在名词、形容词、分词+主语从句〃的形式it is+中例如l.It isreported thatTaiwanese popsinger MengTingwei willholda soloconcert inShanghai somedaythis month.
2.It mustbe pointedout thatyou havefailed tomeet thedeadline.
3.It usuallyhappened thatIwaslate becauseof trafficjams.主语从句还可用等连接副词,when,where,how,why,whether和who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,■等连接代词来引起例如whichever
1.How toarrange themeeting isnot yourtask.
2.Whose candidatewill winthe electionisthequestion bothpoliticalparties areasking.
3.When Ileave ismy owndecision.
4.Whoever willgo tothe partywont changemy mindofstaying athome.)宾语从句2宾语从句可由疑问代词或副词和等引出例that,how,why where如
1.To postponethe conferenceuntil next month indicatedthatthey wereunprepared.
2.Nearly allthe staffagreed withwhatIsaid.
3.Everyone worriedabout herbecause noone wasaware ofwhereshe hadgone.
4.Could youoffer moredetails exceptthat ithappened atnight由引导的宾语从句可用在介词后,而由what,whether,how that引导的从句只跟之后例如but,besides,except,in,save
1.1can hardlybelieve inwhat theyhave done.
2.He doesnt knowmy phonenumber exceptthat thecity codeis
021.一些表语性的形容词,如alarmed,amazed,annoyed,astonished,certain,confident,disappointed,glad,pleased,proud,sad,shocked,.做表语时,后面可跟由等引导sure,surprised,worried,ect that,how的宾语从句例如
1.1was amazedhowhecould pass the examwithout attendingthelectures.
2.He isconfident thathe willpass theBand6examination.
3.She wassurprised howsimple hisproblem is.
4.We areall pleasedthathewillbeable topassthefinalexamination.)表语从句3表语从句对主语的内容起解释和阐述的作用;若表语从句用引起,that起连接作用,不能省略表语从句也可用连接词that bhow,when,弓|起由引起的表语从句通常只用在where,why,what because结构中例如this/that/it isbecause(又寸数)(代l.A logarithmis whatisknownin algebraexponent数的指数).
2.One thingI admiremost aboutthem isthat theyarehospitable.
3.She workstoo hard;That iswhy sheis exhausted.
4.1must pointout thatwhere youintend tobuild asupermarketis wherethe elderlydo exerciseevery day.)同位语从句4同位语从句是由两个或两个以上同一层次语言单位组成的结构,其中前项与后项所指相同,句法功能相同同位语从句由引导,也可由that等来引导例如whether,how,why,where,whenl.She ignoredthe teachersinstruction thatshe muststudy hard.
2.The questionwhether ornot Ishould helphim insuchacasetroubled megreatly.初中英语从句知识点总结2-.主语从句主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句,通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语代替,而本身放在句子末尾it止作形式主语和引导强调句的比较L it止作形式主语代替主语从句,主要是为了平衡句子结构,主语从句的连接词没有变化而引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调,无论it强调的是什么成分,都可用连词被强调部分指人是也可用that0例如who/whomozIt isa pitythatyoudidn tgo tosee thefilm.,It doesnt interestme whetheryou succeedornot.It isinthemorning that the murdertook place.It isJohn thatbrokethewindow.用作形式主语的结构
2.it+名词+从句1It is事实是…It isa factthat...…非常荣幸It isan honorthat是常识It iscommon knowledgethat…+形容词+从句2it is很自然...It isnatural that...奇怪的是…It isstrange that...+不及物动词+从句3it is似乎…It seemsthat...碰巧...It happenedthat...+过去分词+从句4it据报道...It isreported that...已证实...It hasbeen provedthat...主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况
3.引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首1if…结构中的主语从句不可提前例如2It issaid,reportedIt issaid thatPresident Jingowill visit our school next week,rightThat PresidentJiang willvisitourschoolnextweek issaid,wrong结构中的主语从句不可提前例如3It happens...,It occurs...Itoccurred tohim thathe failed inthe examination,right Thathefailedintheexaminationoccurred tohim.wrong,…结构中的主语从句不可提前4It doesnt matterhow/whether例如It doesnt matterwhether heis wrong ornot.right Whether,含主语从句的复合heiswrongornot doesnt matter,wrong5句是疑问句时,主语从句不可提前例如Is itlikely thatit will rainin theeveningrightIs thatwillrainintheevening likelywrong与在引导主语从句时的区别
4.What that引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分,如主语.宾语.What表语,而则不然例如that1What yousaid yesterdayis right.2That sheis stillalive isa consolation.二,宾语从句宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句,通常放在主句谓语动词及物动词或介词之后作动词的宾语
1.由引导的宾语从句通常可以省略,例如1that thatIheard thatbe joinedthe army.由引导的宾语从句,例如2what,whetherif1She didnot knowwhat hadhappened.2I wonderwhetheryoucan changethis notefor me.动词+间接宾语+宾语从句例如3She toldme thatshe wouldaccept myinvitation..作介词的宾语2例如:Our successdepends uponhow wellwe cancooperatewith oneanother..作形容词的宾语3例如:I amafraid thatF vemade amistake.引导的从句常跟在下列形容词后作宾语ThatAnxious,aware,certain,confident,convinced,determined,glad,proud,surprised,worried,sorry,thankful,ashamed,disappointed,等也可以将此类词后的annoyed,pleased,hurt,satisfied,content that从句的看作原因状语从句可以作为形式宾语
4.It不仅可以作为形式主语,还可以作为形式宾语而真正的宾语从It that句则放在句尾,特别是在带复合宾语的句子中例如We hearditthatshe wouldget marriednextmonth..后边不能直接跟从句的动词
5.that这类动词有Allow,refuse,let,like,cause,force,admire,等这类词后可condemn,celebrate,dislike,love,help,take,forgive以用不定式或动名词作宾语,但不可以用引导的宾语从句例如thatI admiretheir winningthe match,rightI admirethat theywon thematch,wrong有些动词不可用于〃动词+间接宾语+从句〃结构中,常见的有thatEnvy,order,accuse,refuse,impress,forgive,blame,denounce,等例如:advise,congratulateHe impressedthe manageras anhonest man.rightHe impressedthe managerthathewas anhonest man.wrong否定的转移
7.若主句谓语动词为Think,consider,wuppose,believe,expect,等,其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义,一般要fancy,guess,imagine把否定词转移到主句谓语上,从句谓语用肯定式例如我认为这件衣服不适合你I dont thinkthis dressfits youwell.穿三.表语从句表语从句在复合句中作表语的名词性从句,放在系动词之后,一般结构是主语+连系动词+表语从句〃可以接表语从句的连系动词有be,look,等引导表语从句的常可省略另外,常用的还有remain,seem that the和等结构例如reason isthat...It isbecause1The questionis whetherwe canmake goodpreparation insucha shorttime.2This iswhy wecantgetthesupport ofthe people3But thefact remainsthatweare behindthe otherclasses.4The reasonheislate forschool isthathemissed theearlybus.四.同位语从句同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句.同位语从句的功能1同位语从句对于名词进一步解释,说明名词的具体内容,一般由that引导,例如1The kings decisionthattheprisoner wouldbe setfreesurprised allthepeople.2The orderthat allthe soldiersshould staystill isgiven bythegeneral.同位语在句子中的位置
2.同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面,而是被别的词隔开例如He gotthe newsfrom Marythatthesports meetingwas putoff.同位语从句与定语从句的区别
3.。