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小学六年级英语必须要掌握的语法知识点
一、名词复数形式规则一般情况下,直接加如
1.・s,book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds以结尾,力如
2.o.s.x.sh.ch n-es,bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches以“辅音字母结尾,变为再加
3.y y i,・es,family-families,strawberry-strawberries以或结尾,变或为再加如
4.“f fe”f fev,-es,knife-knivesleafleaves不规则名词复数
5.man-men woman-women policeman-policemenpolicewoman-policewomen child-children foot-feet tooth-teethfish-fish people-people Chinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese练习、写出下列各词的复数I himthis herwatchchild photodiaryday footbook dresstooth_______sheep_______box______strawberry_______peach sandwichdish busmanwoman
二、一般现在时.一般现在时的功能
16.Gao Shanpullup carrotslast NationalDay holiday.
7.Isweep thefloor yesterday,but mymother.
8.What shefindin thegarden lastmorning Shefinda beautifulbutterfly.
六、人称代词和物主代词第一人称第二人称第三人称单数复数单数复数单数复数主格1we you you shehe itthey人称宾格me usyouyouher himit them代词物形容词my ouryour yourher hisits their主性代名词mine oursyours yourshers hisits theirs词人称代词指代人或物,在句中作主语或宾语,所以有主格和宾格宾格代词用于替代处于宾语位置上的名词,可以用作直接宾语和间接宾语如(主语)(直接宾语)I ama student.I Pleasehelp me.me(间接宾语)Give mea book,me物主代词是表示所有关系的一种代词,亦称所有格代词物主代词有两种形式形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词形容词性物主代词为限定词,放在名词或名词短语前作定语如:This is my book.名词性物主代词起名词的作用,后面不可以再接名词在句子中可以作主语、宾语或表语如Your penis red.Mine isblack.你的钢笔是红色的,我的是黑色的He didn t usehis ink.He usedmine.他没有用他自己的墨水,他用了我的习题
一、用所给词的适当形式填空
1.That is notkite.That kiteis verysmall,butisvery big.I
2.The dressis.Give itto.she
3.Is thiswatch youNo,ifs not.I
二、用
4.ismybrother.name isJack.Look!Those stampsare.heam,填空is,are
1.I a boy.you a boy No,I not.
2.The girlJackssister.
3.The dogtalland fat.
4.The manwith bigeyesa teacher.
5.your brotherin theclassroom
6.Where yourmother Sheat home.
7.How yourfather
8.Mike andLiu Taoat school.
9.Whose dressthis
10.Whose socksthey
七、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级-构成规则一般单音节词和少数以结尾的双音节词,比较级在后面加最1-er,-ow-er,高级在后面加・est单音节词如1small-smaller-*smallest short-*shorter-*shortest双音节词如2clevercleverercleverest narrownarrowernarrowest以不发音结尾的单音节词,比较在原级后加最高级在原级后加
2.e・r,如-st large-^larger-^largest nice-^nicer-*nicest在重读闭音节即辅音+元音+辅音中,先双写末尾的辅音字母,比较
3.级加最高级加;如・er,・est big-*bigger-*biggest hothotter-hottest fat-^fatter-fattest以“辅音字母结尾的双音节词,把改为比较级加最高级力如
4.+y”y i,n-esteasy-easier-easiest heavy-heavier^heaviest busy-busier-*busiest happy-*happier-*happiest其他双音节词和多音节词,比较级在前面加最高级在前面加
5.more,most如beautiful fmore beautiful—most beautifuldifferent-more注意()形容different—most differenteasily-more easily-^most easily1词最高级前通常必须用定冠词副词最高级前可不用如the,The Saharaisthe biggestdesert in the world.()形容词前面没有不表示最高级的含义,只表示“非常2most the,It isa mostimportant problem.=lt isa veryimportant problem.有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的,必须熟记
6.如goodbetter-best wellbetter-^best bad-*worseworst illfworse fworstold older/elder foldest/eldest many/much moref mostlittle-Hess-*least far-further/farther-*furthest/farthest
(二)形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法形容词比较级+意思为比更,,
1.“A+be+than+B”“A B如:这棵树比那棵树高This treeis tallerthan thatone.注意
①在含有连词的比较级中,前后的比较对象必须是同一范畴,即than同类事物之间的比较
②在比较级前面使用表示程度程度“强得多”much,如A watermelonis muchbigger thanan apple.
③一般只能修饰原级,不能修饰比较级very,quite“比较级+比较级”或+原级”表示“越来越
2.and+“more andmore Itis天气越来越凉爽getting coolerand cooler.在含有的选择疑问句中,如果有两者供选择,前面的形容词要用比较
3.or级形式如谁更高,还是Who istaller,Tim orTom TimTom比较级比较级”,表示越…越…”
4.“the+...,the+如越快越好The sooner,the better.习题
一、出下列形容词、副词的原级,比较级,最高级一small__fatter_hot__thin__heavy-*-*bad-*习题
二、用适当形式填空
1.Bob isyoungthan Fredbuttall thanFred
2.Yingtian isnot astall asYongxian.
3.Almost allthe studentsfaces arethe samebut LiDeming looksfatthan before.
4.Which isheavy,a henor achicken
5.-How tallis Sally-Shes
1.55metres tall.What aboutXiaoling-She*s only
1.40metrestall.She ismuchshort thanSally.She isalsotheshortgirlin theclass.
①表示事物或人物的特征、状态如,天空是蓝色的
②The skyis blue表示经常性或习惯性的动作如我天天六点起床I getup atsix oclockevery day.
③表示客观现实如.地球绕着太阳转The earthgoes aroundthe sun.一般现在时的构成2
①肯定句:动词(有一顺口溜体现了它的用法我用,你用a.be amare,is用于他,她,它,单数复数)is,are.主语+()其他如我是一个男孩be am/is/are+I ama boy.行为动词(实义动词)主语+行为动词+其他[除主语是第三人称单数外,b.都用动词原形;当主语是第三人称时,则在行为动词词尾加或]如:・s We.我们学习英语study English她骑自行车去上班She goesto work by bike.
②否定句主语+()+其他如a.be am/is/are+not I am notaboy.主语行为动词原形+其他如b.+dont/doesnt+We dontstudy English.She doesnt go to workby bike.
③一般疑问句()主语+其他?a.Be Am/Is/Are+简略回答(肯)主语+()(否)主语+(Yes,be am/is/are.No,be am)/is/are+not.如:你是一个男孩吗?(肯)」(否)Are youaboyYes am.No,Tm not.主语+其他?b.Do/Does+简略回答(肯)主语+(否)主语+Yes,do/does.No,dont/doesnt.如(肯)(否)Do youstudy EnglishYes,we do.No,we dont.-Does shego to workbybike-Yes,she does./No,she doesnt.
④特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+一般疑问句?如动词a.be Whoare you行为动词b.What doyou doHow doesshe go towork.动词三单的变化规则即“如何从动词原形变为第三人称单数”3
①一般情况下,直接加如-s,cook-cooks get-gets
②以结尾,直接加如o.s.x.sh.ch・es,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes
③以“辅音字母结尾,变为再加如一般现在时用y yi,・es,study-studies法专练
一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数drinkgostaymakelookhavepasscarrycomewatchplantflystudy brushdo teachwash_______
二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空
1.He oftenhavedinner athome.
2.Daniel andTommybe inClass One.
3.Wenot watchTV onMonday.
4.Nicknot goto thezoo on Sunday.
5.theylike theWorld Cup
6.What theyoftendo onSaturdays
7.your parentsreadnewspapers everyday
8.The girlteachus Englishon Sundays.
9.She andItake awalk togetherevery evening.
10.Therebe somewater in the bottle.
11.Mikelike cooking.
12.Theyhave thesame hobby.
13.My auntlookafter herbaby carefully.
14.You alwaysdoyour homeworkwell.
15.Ibe ill.Im stayingin bed.
16.Shego toschool fromMonday toFriday.
17.Liu Taodonot likePE.
18.The childoftenwatch TVinthe evening.
19.Su Haiand SuYanghave eightlessons thisterm.
20.—What daybeit today—If sSaturday
三、现在进行时现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的
1.活动或现阶段正在进行的动作现在进行时的构成动词的现在分词形式
2.be+ing肯定句:主语动词+动词其他如+be ing+We arestudying.否定句:主语动词动词其他如+be+not+ing+We arentstudying.一般疑问句:动词+主语+动词其他如Be ing+Are youstudying肯定回答主语动词如Yes++be Yes,we are.否定回答主语动词如No++be+not No,we arent.(注可以缩写成可以缩写成但是在现isnotisnt,are notarent,am not代英语中不可以缩写)特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+一般疑问句?如What areyou doing现在分词的变化规则一般情况下,直接加如
1.ing,cook-cooking think—thinking以不发音的字母结尾的单词,去掉字母再加如
2.ee,ing make-makinghave-having.以重读闭音节(重读闭音节即两个辅音中间夹一个元音并且重读的音节)3结尾,呈现“辅,元,辅”结构的动词,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加如ingstop—stopping sit—sitting run—running以结尾的动词,把改为再加4ie iey,ing die—dying lie—lying现在进行时专项练习
一、写出下列动词的现在分词playrunswimmakego likewrite studyreadhave singdanceput seebuylovelivetakecomegetstopsitbeginshop
二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空()I.The boydraw apicture now.
2.Listen.Some girlssingin theclassroom.
3.My mothercook somenice foodnow.
4.What youdonow
5.Look.They havean Englishlesson.
6.Theynot,water theflowers now.
7.Look!the girlsdanceintheclassroom.
8.What isour granddaughterdoing Shelistento music.
9.Its5oclock now.Wehavesupper now
10.Helenwash clothesYes,she is.
四、一般将来时
一、概念表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或预备做某事句中一般有以下时间状语tomorrow,next dayweek,month,year---,soon,the后天等day aftertomorrow
二、基本结构肯定句主语其他可用于所有人称,a,+shall/will+do+will只用于第一人称和如shall Iwe Iwill go swimming tomorrow.主语+其他注意动词要与主语的人称和数一致b.be going to+do+be如I amgoing to go swimming tomorrow.否定句主语可缩写成a.+shall/will+not+do willnot wontb.主语+be+not+going to+do如I won,tgo swimmingtomorrow.Iamnotgoing togoswimmingtomorrow.一般疑问句主语+其他?主语其a.Shall/Will+do+b.Be++goingto+do+他?如Will you goswimmingtomorrow Areyou goingtogoswimmingtomorrow特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+一般疑问句?如What willyou gotomorrowWhat areyou goingto dotomorrow练习填空我打算明天和朋友去野炊
1.Ihave a picnic with my friends.I haveapicnicwithmyfriends..我们将要学习英语2We learnEnglish.We learnEnglish.
五、一般过去时一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去
1.的时间状语连用,如yesterday,yesterday morning,yesterday afternoon,前天,yesterday evening,the daybefore yesterdaylast night,last week,等一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作last month,last year一般过去式的基本结构
2.动词在一般过去时中的变化BeDam和is在一般过去时中变为was wasnot=wasn,t2are在一般过去时中变为were werenot=weren,t
①肯定句主语+动词过去式+其他如上个I wasin Shanghai last month.月我在上海我们上个月去了上海We wentto Shanghai last month.
②否定句主语其他a+wasn t/weren t+如I wasnt in Shanghai last month.主语动词原形+其他b.+didnt+did+not=didn,t如We didntgotoShanghailast month.
③一般疑问句主语+其他?a.Was/Were+如Were youinShanghailastmonth主语+动词原形+其他如b.Did+Did yougotoShanghailastmonth
④特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+一般疑问句?如Where wereyou lastmonthWhere didyougolastmonth动词过去式变化规则一般情况下,在动词原形后面加如
1.・ed;计lookf lookedplay-*played start-*started visit-*vis ed以不发音结尾的动词,在词尾直接加;如
2.e・d livefiveduse-^used以“辅音字母结尾的动词,先将改为再加;如
3.+y”yi,-ed studyfstudied,try-*tried fly-*flied以重读闭音节即辅音+元音+辅音或音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅
4.r音字母的动词,要先双写这个辅音字母后,再加—ed,如stopf stoppedplan-planned不规则动词过去式
5.am,is-was,are-were,do-did,see-saw,say-said,give-gave,get-got,go-went,come-came,have-had,eat-ate,take-took,run-ran,sing-sang,put-put,make-made,read-read,write-wrote,draw-drew,drink-drank,swim-swam,sit-sat练习
一、写出下列动词的过去式is/amplantaredrinkplaygomakedoesdanceworryasktasteeatputkick passdo练习
二、用动词的适当形式填空be
1.I atschool justnow.
2.He atthe camplast week.
3.Westudents twoyears ago.
4.Theyon thefarm amoment ago.
5.Yang Lingelevenyears oldlast year.
6.There anapple onthe plateyesterday.
7.There somemilk inthe fridgeonSunday.
8.The mobilephone onthe sofayesterday evening.练习
三、用所给动词的适当形式填空
8.1watch acartoon onSaturday.
2.Her fatherreada newspaperlast night.
3.Weto zooyesterday,weto thepark.go
4.youvisit yourrelatives lastSpring Festival
5.hefly akite onSunday Yes,he.。