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年中考英语专项复习分类汇编专题十五定语从句2022本章节内容
1.定语从句概述
2.关系代词的用法
3.关系副词的用法
4.定语从句解题技巧定语从句作为初中英语的难点,在语篇阅读中对定语从句的考查必不可少因此掌握定语从句的简单用法是非常有必要的在做此类试题时,首先确定先行词是指物还是指人,指人就从that,who,whose,whom中选择;指物就从(hat,which中选择然后再根据关系词在从句中所作的成分来确定到底应该用哪一个关系词1定语从句概述在复合句中作定语的从句叫定语从句被定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词,通常位于定语从句之前引导定语从句的是关系代词that,which,who,whose,whom和关系副词when,where.why关系代词或关系副词既起连接作用,又充当从o句中的一个成分关系词作用先行词例句that,who,主语、宾whom(只Do youknow theold manwho/that isstanding underthe tree你认识站在树下的那人作语、表语个老人吗?宾语)主语、宾She gota computerwhich/that herparents boughtfor her.她有——台电脑,这台电that,which物语、表语脑是她父母买给她的The boywhose father isa doctorstudies veryhard.这个男孩学习非常刻苦,他爸爸whose定语人/物是位医生
21.People oftenlike clothescan makethem lookyoung.A.when B.who C.that【答案】C【解析】考查定语从句的引导词定语从句的先行词clothes是“物”,所以,定语从句的引导词用which或that引导,故选Co
22.I cannever forget the storiesmy grandmatold me.A.what B.who C.them D.that【答案】D【解析】此题考查定语从句引导词的用法定语从句的先行词thestories是“物”,所以,定语从句的引导词用which或that引导,故选D
23.The littleboy waswrapping the present wouldbe sentto histeacher.A.who B./C.what D.that【答案】D【解析】此题考查定语从句引导词的用法定语从句的先行词由epresent是“物”,在定语从句中充当主语,所以,定语从句的引导词用which或mat引导,故选D
24.—There areso manygirls over there.Which oneis yoursister—The onehat isyellow.A.who B.whose C.that D.which【答案】B【解析】此题考查定语从句引导词的用法定语从句的先行词是theone/girl,在定语从句中充当hat的定语,所以,定语从句的引导词用whose引导,故选B.
25.This is the primaryschool Istudied hreeyears ago.A.where B.when C.that D.which【答案】A【解析】此题考查定语从句引导词的用法定语从句的先行词theprimaryschool,在定语从句中充当的是地点状语,所以用关系副词where引导,故选A.
26.Its interestingthat therearc manypeople speakFrench inCanada.A.which B.where C.who【答案】C【解析】此题考杳定语从句引导词的用法定语从句的先行词manypeople是“人”,在定语从句中充当主语,所以,定语从句的引导词用who或that引导,故选C.
27.
1.Please passme thecartoon bookhas aMickey Mouseon thecover.A.whom B.whose C.who D.which【答案】D【解析】此题考查定语从句引导词的用法定语从句的先行词thecartoonbook是“物”,在定语从句中充当主语,所以,定语从句的引导词用which或that引导,故选D.
28.—I want to finda partnerto practiceroller skating.—My friendFred is a personmay helpyou alot.A.which B.so C.who D.and【答案】C【解析】此题考查定语从句引导词的用法定语从句的先行词aperson是“人”,在定语从句中充当主语,所以,定语从句的引导词用who或ihat引导,故选C.
29.
1.—Now manypeople smokeand getill.—So weshould dosomething canhelp slopsmoking.A.what B.who C./D.that【答案】D【解析】此题考查定语从句引导词的用法定语从句的先行词something是不定代词,只能用关系代词that引导,故选D
30.1still remember the timewe spenttogether atXisai Mountainlast year.A.when B.what C.who D.which【答案】D【解析】此题考查定语从句引导词的用法定语从句的先行词【he time是“物”,在定语从句中充当宾语,所以,定语从句的引导词用which或that引导,故选D.
31.One of the mostdelicious drinksI likeis orangejuice.A.which B.that C.whose D.whom【答案】B【解析】此题考查定语从句引导词的用法定语从句的先行词是drinks,受到形容词的最高级修饰,只能用that引导,故选B.
32.Success willbelong tothose neversay impossible.A.whom B.what C.who D.which【答案】C【解析】此题考查定语从句引导词的用法定语从句的先行词those表示的是“人”,在定语从句中充当的是主语,所以用引导词who引导,故选C.
33.—Do youenjoy Myheart willgo on—No,I prefersongs loud.A.that isB.which isC.that areD.what are【答案】C【解析】此题考查定语从句引导词的用法定语从句的先行词songs表示的是“物”,所以用引导词which或that引导,同时表示的是名词复数,系动词应用are,故选C.The roomwhose windowis openis mine.开着窗户的那个房间是我的when状语时间IstillrememberhedaywhenyouleftforBeijing.我仍然记得你前往北京的那一天where状语地点This isthe schoolwhere mymother works.这就是我妈妈工作的那所学校why状语原因Could youexplain thereason whyyou werelate你能解释一下你迟到的原因吗?2关系代词的用法一般情况下,ihal既可指人乂可指物,可以代替who,whom和which.在从句中作主语、表语或宾语;which指物,在从句中作主语、表语或宾语;who在从句中作主语、表语或宾语;whom在从句中作宾语;whose在从句中作定语A doctoris a-crson wholooks aftera patient.先行词主语谓语宾语句意:医生就是照顾病人的人
1.下列情况下,先行词指物时,只能用that引导,不能用which引导1当先行词是all,little,much,none,everything,anything,nothing等代词时Is thereanything that you dontunderstand你有什么不懂的地方吗?Tom toldhis motherall thathad happened.汤姆把发生的一切都告诉了他的妈妈2当先行词前面有the onlyjhcvery,the last等修饰时This isthe onlybook thatI canfind.这是我能找到的唯一的一本书3当序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时This isthe bestbook thatI haveever read.这是我读过的最好的书4当主句是以特殊疑问词which开头的特殊疑问句时Which isthe hotelthatyoulike best哪个是你最喜欢的旅馆?
2.关系代词的省略一般情况下,关系代词作宾语时可以省略,但关系代词which,whom在从句中作介词的宾语并且介词位于关系代词之前时,不能省略Ill neverforgetthe day onwhich Ijoined theclub.我永远不会忘记我加入俱乐部的那一天注意:that,which,who在从句中作主语时,不能省略Who isthe boythat istalking withour teacher正在和我们老师谈话的那个男孩是谁?3关系副词的用法This isthe factorywhere myfather works.先行词地点状语主语谓语句意:这就是我爸爸工作的那个工厂
1.when表示时间,在定语从句中作时间状语I stillremember theyear whenyou graduatedfrom No.8Middle School.我依然记得你从八中毕业的那一年
2.why表示原因,在定语从句中作原因状语,其先行词是表示原因的reason一词We dontknow thereason whyhe waslate forschool我们不知道他为什么上学迟到
3.where表示地点,在定语从句中作地点状语That ishe schoolwhere Istudied threeyears ago.那就是我三年前就读的学校4定语从句解题技巧Running Manis avery relaxingTV programwhich ispopular amongthe youngpeople.主句Running Manisavery relaxingTV program从句which ispopular amongthe youngpeople先行伺TV program关系代词:which因此,如果确定是考查定语从句,我们就可以排除不是关系代词或关系副词的选项,如what在此过o程中要掌握“三看”原则
(1)一看指人还是物先行词指人that,who,whose,whom先行词指物that,which,whose
(2)二看句中作何用主语who(人),which(物),that(人/物)宾语who/whom(人),which(物),that(人/物)定语whose(人/物)状语where(地点),when(时间),why(原因)如My brotherlikes the stories werewritten byMark Twainbecause theyarc oftenhumorous.先行词(thestories)指物,关系词在从句中作主语,可用关系代词which/thato如He isthe boyI talkedwith justnow.先行词(the boy)指人,关系词在从句中作宾语,可用关系代词whom/who/that/不填如:What4sthe name of the girl_fatherisa doctor先行词(the girl)指人,关系词在从句中作定语,可用关系代词whoseo如:I stillremembertheday ournew schoolwas built.从句中不缺成分,先行词(theday)指时间,关系词在从句中作状语,可用关系副词w hen
(3)看是否是特殊情况关系词只能用that的几种情况
①当先行词是all,little,much,none,everything,anything,nothing等不定代词时如Tom toldhis motherall thathad happened.汤姆把全部情况告诉了他的妈妈
②当先行词前面有the only,(he very,the last等修饰时如:This isthe onlybook thatI canfind.这就是我能找到的唯------------本书
③当序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时如:The tallestplayer thatplays footballfor ourteam isfrom Shanghai.为我们足球队踢足球的那个最高的运动员来自上海
④当先行词既有人又有物时如Lets talkabout thepeople andthe thingsthat we can remember.让我们谈论我们能够记起的人和事关系词只能用which的几种情况
①关系代词放在介词之后如This isthe factoryin whichwe onceworked.这就是我们曾经工作过的工厂
②非限制性定语从句中如This isa famousbook,which waswritten byLu Xun.这是鲁迅写的一本有名的书
③that,those作主语时如Those whichare on the deskare Englishbooks.桌子上的那些是英语书用who而不用that的情况
①当先行词为people和those时,只能用who如:Those whowanttogo therecome hereplease,那此想去那儿的人请来这边
②当先行词为one,ones,anyone,everyone,none,all(指人)时,只能用who如Anyone whois againstus isour enemy.任何反对我们的人就是我们的敌人
③先行词指人,而关系代词在从句中作主语时,一般多用who如The manwho camehere yesterdaysaid hewould comeagain ina fewdays.昨天来这儿的那个人说过几天他会再来练一练
1.—What shallwe donext—Take theadvice isgiven byDr.Bloch.A.who B.which C.whose【答案】B【解析】先行词advice,指物体,关系代词应用which.
2.
1.Mr.Smithis smokingis looking for helost yesterday.A.whom:which B.who;whatC.that;who D.which;where【答案】B【解析】先行词Mr.Smith指人,关系代词应用who;在寻找他昨天丢失的物体,从选项来看,关系代词应用what.
3.
1.Steve Jobsis oneofthepersons foundedApple ComputerCompany.His deathmarked theend ofanera(时代).A.who B.whom C.which D./【答案】A【解析】从句子结构来看先行词Steve Jobs,指人,且作主语关系代词应用who.
1.
1.—Do youknow thegirl istalking tothe headmasteroverthere—Of course.She ismy sister.A.who B.whom C.which D.what【答案】A【解析】选A考查考查定语从句先行词是thegirl,指人,在定语从句中作主语,因此用关系代词who
5.Foshan isa cityhas avery longhistory.A whose B.which C.who【答案】B【解析】先行词是Foshan,是地方,引导词用which.
6.The PalaceMuseum isthe bestplace Iveever visited.【答案】c【解析】选C考查定语从句先行词是The PalaceMuseum,指物,且在定语从句中做visited的宾语,因此选C
7.—Do youknow thegirl ishelping theold woman.-Oh,thats mysister,A.whom B.whose C.who D.where【答案】C【解析】选C考查定语从句先行词是thegirl,指人,在定语从句中作主语,因此用关系代词who
8.—Do youknow the lady istalking withMr.Smith—Yes,shes ournew chemistryteacher,Miss Brown.A.who B.which C.whom【答案】A【解析】选A先行词是由elady,指人,在定语从句中作主语,因此用关系代词who
9.I waslookingfor the penI boughtyesterday whenyou calledme.A.who B.where C.which D.what【答案】C【解析】选C考查定语从句引导词前置语为the pen名词,用which代替what不能作定语从句的引导词
10.Please passme thecartoon bookhas aMickey Mouseonthecover.A.whom B.whose C.who D.which【答案】D【解析】选D考查定语从句引导词前置语为由e canonbook,名词,用which代替
1.11like the friends todo thesame thingsas meso thatwecancommunicate betterwith eachother.A.who likesB.what likeC.who like【答案】C【解析】选C先行词是【hefriends,指人,在定语从句中作主语,因此用关系代词who,由于friends是复数,谓语动词用原形
12.There willbe aflower showin the park wevisited lastweek.A.who B.when C.what D.which【答案】D【解析】考查定语从句引导词的用法定语从句的现行词thepark是“物,在定语从句中充当的是visited的宾语,因此用关系代词which或that引导来引导,故选D.
13.Most studentslike theteachers understandthem wellA.who B.when C.what D.which【答案】A【解析】考查定语从句引导词的用法定语从句的现行词theteachers是“人”,在定语从句中充当的是主语,因此用关系代词who或Ihal引导来引导,故选A.
1.
1.Zhang Liliis consideredas hemost beautiful teacher gaveher loveto herstudents indanger.A.who B.that C.whom D.which【答案】B【解析】考查定语从句引导词的用法定语从句的现行词the mostbeautifulteacher是“人”,在定语从句中充当的是主语•,因此用关系代词who或thal引导来引导,同时先行词受到形容词的最高级修饰,只能用ihat来引导,故选B.
1.
2.The English-Chinese dictionarymyfather boughtfor memany yearsago isstill ofgreat value.A.whoseB.when C.who D.that【答案】D【解析】考查定语从句引导词的用法定语从句的现行词dictionary是“物,在定语从句中充当的是宾语,因此用关系代词which或that引导来引导,故选D.
16.What do you thinkoftheschool uniforms”Very good.I likeclothes makeme feelcomfortable/*A.that B.what C.who【答案】A【解析】考查定语从句引导词的用法定语从句的先行词clothes是“物”,所以,定语从句的引导词用which或that引导根据句意你觉得校服怎么样呀?很好,我喜欢让我穿着舒服的衣服故选A.
17.—What areyou lookingfor—Im lookingfor the ring myhusband boughtme lastyear.A.that B.who C.whom D.it【答案】A【解析】此题考查引导词的用法定语从句的先行词是“thering”表示“物”,故定语从句的引导词用that或which,故选Ao
1.
1.Robert isjust one young overseas Chinese hascome tovisit hisancestors homeland.A.who B.where C.when D.which【答案】A[解析]此题考查引导词的用法定语从句修饰的先行词“oneyoungoverseasChinese”表示的是“一个年轻的海外华人“,所以定语从句的引导词用ihat或who,故选A.
19.—What areyou lookingfor一Im lookingforthe pen myfather gaveme lastweek.A.who B.which C.whose D.whom【答案】B【解析】此题考查引导词的用法定语从句的先行词是“thepen”表示“物”,故引导词用Ihal或which,故选Bo
20.—What kindof moviesdoyoulike一I likethe moveare aboutChinese history.A.who B.whom C.whose Dwhich【答案】D【解析】此题考查引导词的用法定语从句的先行词是“the move”表示“物”,故引导词用ihat或which,故选Do。