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新课标人教版Unit4Astronomythe scienceof thestars—一天文学恒星科学核心词汇
1.Do youthink oureducation(制度)needs improving
2.The(气候)of southernFlorida attractsthousands oftourists eachwinter.
3.Without practicethere wouldbe no(理论).
4.The henwas oldand itstopped.(下蛋)eggs.
5.The idea(存在)only in the mindsof usyoung people.
6.Professor Lihas solvedthe(难题)and everyoneis cheering.
7.Mars(万有引力)is onlyabout38%of Earths.
8.Raising yourchild totell thedifference betweenright andwrong isone of the ftasksof parenthood.
9.用harm的适当形式填空
(1)Air pollutionwill getworse andthis will be topeople,for example,it cancausecancer.
(2)Rubbish canbe changedinto things.⑶Don tyour eyesby readingin thedim light.
10.Last nightwe hada discussion,which becamemore andmore.Finally wereached anagreementthat wewill neveruse whateverhappens,(violent)
1.system
2.climate
3.theory
4.laying
5.exists
6.puzzle
7.gravity
8.fundamental
9.
(1)harmful,
(2)harmless
(3)harm
10.violent;violence高频短语
1.准时,最终
2.下蛋
3.产生;分娩
4.轮到某人;接着
5.阻挡;制止
6.拦住(光线)
7.感到快乐;感到兴奋
8.既然
9.突发;爆发
10.亲密凝视;留神;提防
1.in time
2.lay eggs
3.give birthto
4.in one,h out重点句式
1.was uncertainuntil between
4.5and
3.8billion years ago whenthe dustsettledinto asolid globe.随后它会变成什么没有人知道,直到3845亿年前,这团尘埃才渐渐地形成一个固体的球状〜物
2.The earthbecame itwas notclear whetherthe shapewould lastor not.地球变得如此猛烈,以至于它的外形能否长久还不清晰
3.This produceda chainreaction,which.这就产生了一系列的反响,使得生命有可能开展了
4.We watched,on theoutside of the spaceshipas the earthJ sgravity increased.我们惊异地看着,随着地球引力的增加,宇宙飞船的外层燃烧起火
5.But whenI triedto stepforward,I foundI wascarried on the earth and fell over.而当我试着向前迈步时,我觉察我被送出很远,步伐的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍,因而我摔倒了
6.“walking doesneed abit ofpractice gravityhas changed.,z♦♦♦“……既然重力转变了,走路也的确需要练一练了〃
1.What itwas tobee
2.so violentthat
3.made itpossible forlife todevelop
4.amazedas firebroke out,
5.twice as far as
6.now that学问详解
1.exist vi.存在,生存(回归课本P26)They laideggs tooand existedon the earth formore than140millionyears.它们也生蛋,在地球上生存了一亿四千多万年[归纳拓展]
①(牛津P697)They can t existonthemoney hes earning.他们靠他挣的那点钱无法维持生活
②There existsa goodway to solve theexisting problemin geography.有——个解决现存地理问题的好方法
③No oneknows howthis worldcame into existence.没有人知道这个世界是怎样形成的[例句探源][即境活用]
1.完成句子⑴巴基斯坦在战后就以一个的国家存在了Pakistancountry afterthewar.答案came intoexistence asan independent⑵就我所知,他们收入微薄,几乎无法维持生活As faras Iknow,they arepaid hardlyenough.答案toexiston
2.puzzle n.谜;难题vt.vi.(使)迷惑;(使)犯难(回归课本P27)How lifebegan onearth isone ofthe biggestpuzzles thatscientistsfound hardto solve.地球生命如何起源是科学家们觉得很难解次的最大的难题之一[归纳拓展]
①(牛津P1616)What puzzlesme iswhy heleft thecountry withouttelling anyone.令我不解的是,他为什么静静地离开了这个国家
②The policeare stillpuzzling about/over howthe accidentcould havehappened.警察仍旧正在苦思这起事故是怎么发生的[例句探源]©Scientists have been trying tosolvethis puzzlefor years.多年来科学家们始终试图解开这一谜团
④(牛津P1616)He lookedpuzzled soI repeatedthe question.他好似没听懂,于是我又把问题重复了一遍
2.She lostheart sinceshe failedintheexam.She feltabout herfuture.A.puzzle B.puzzlingC.puzzled D.puzzles解析选C后句句意她对她的将来感到迷惑puzzled adj.(人)迷惑的,迷惘的;puzzlingadj.(物)令人迷惑的[即境活用]
3.pull n.vt.拉(力);拖;牵引力(回归课本P30)As therocket roseinto theair,we werepushed backinto ourseatsbecause wewere tryingto escapethe pulloftheearth sgravity.随着的升空,由于我们在努力摆脱地球的引力,我们被向后推在座位上[归纳拓展]
①He pulledthe dooropen andrushed out.他拉开门,冲了出去
②(牛津P1604)The policecar signalledto usto pull in.警车发出信号,要我们驶向路边停靠
(3)We wavedas thetrain pulledout ofthe station.火车驶出车站时我们挥手辞别
④The doctortold methat Iwould pull through.医生告知我,我会康复的[例句探源]【高效记忆】
3.用pull down;pullin;pull out;pull through填空:
(1)Houses wereto makeway fora newhighway.答案pulled down
(2)Cheer up!Take moreexercise everyday and you will.答案:pullthrough[即境活用]
(3)John behindme andparked.答案pulled in
(4)Be carefulwhen youofthedriveway.答案pull out
4.in time准时;最终,总有一天(回归课本P25)They werein timeto producecarbon,nitrogen,water vapourand othergases,which wereto maketheearth,s atmosphere.最终产生了碳、氮气、水蒸气和其他多种气体,从而形成了地球的大气层[归纳拓展]
①The kidswillbeleaving homein notime.孩子们很快就要离开家了
②(朗文P2162)Will yoube backin timefor dinner你会准时赶回来吃晚饭吗?
③(朗文P2162)I shouldbe backin timeto watchthe show.我应当准时赶回来看那场演出
④The panyfired himfor notingtowork on time.那家公司因他不按时上班而解雇了他[例句探源]
4.Will yoube hometo seethe childrenbefore theygo tobedA.on time B.in timeC.at atime D.at onetime解析选B句意你会在孩子们上床睡觉之前回来看他们吗?in time意为“准时〃,符合题意on time按时;at atime每次;at onetime曾经[即境活用]
5.,I lostheart inEnglish learning,but myteacher oftensaid tome,“Keep onstudyinghard,andyou11succeedA.At atime;in timeB.At atime;on timeC.At onetime;in timeD.At onetime;on time解析选C考查由time构成的固定搭配的用法句意曾经,我对英语学习失去信念,但老师常对我说“坚持不懈的努力,最终会铸就你的胜利〃at atime“每次〃;at onetime”曾经,一度〃相当于once;in time“准时,迟早〃,当“迟早”讲时相当于sooner orlater;ontime”按时,准时由句意知应选C
6.(2010年江西景德镇模拟)一Does heoften askyou forhelp一Oh,no,only.A.all thetimeB.at onetimeC.at atime D.at times解析选Dall thetime始终;at onetime曾经;at atime一次;at times有时
7.一I amafraid Ican treturn thebook toyou beforeFriday.A.Don tbe afraidB.Be carefulC.Not atall D.Take yourtime解析选D句意一一唯恐我不能在星期五之前把这本书还给你一一渐渐来,别焦急Don tbe afraid别可怕;Be careful当心,留神;Not atall一点也不;Take yourtime即to useas muchtime asyou needwithout hurrying“不用急,渐渐来依据题意只有D项符合句意
5.in ones turn轮到某人;接着(回归课本P26)Thus theyhave,in theirturn,bee themost importantanimals ontheplanet.于是,他们接着成为了这个行星上最重要的动物[归纳拓展]
①When itis inmy turn,I amtoo excitedto speak.当轮到我时,我冲动得都说不出话来了
②The customerpraised themanager,who in turn praisedhis staff.顾客表扬了经理,经理转而表扬了员工
③All theoriesare derivedfrom practiceand inturn servepractice.全部的理论都来源于实践,并反过来为实践效劳
④Now itis yourturn tolook afterthe children.现在轮到你照看孩子了[例句探源]
8.People tryto avoidpublic transportationdelays byusing theirown cars,and thiscreatesfurther problems.A.in shortB.in caseC.in doubtD.inturn解析选Din turn在该题中的意思为“反之;反过来〃[即境活用]
6.prevent...from...防止某事发生(回归课本P26)They areputting toomuch carbondioxide intothe atmosphere,whichprevents heatfrom escapingfrom theearth intospace.他们把过多的二氧化碳释放到大气层中,这使得地球上的热不能释放到太空中去[归纳拓展]
①(朗文P16⑵Guards stoodat thedoors toprevent anyonefrom leaving.保卫站在门口阻挡任何人离开
②Once hehas madeup hismind,no onecan preventhim fromcarrying outthe plan.一旦他下定决心,谁也阻挡不了他执行这个方案
③His advicekept mefrom makinga seriousmistake.他的忠告使我免于犯一个严峻的错误[例句探源]
9.All possiblemeans.However,nothing canhim dyingof lungcancer.A.has tried;stopB.have tried;keepC.has beentried;preventD.havebeentried;stop解析选D前一句的主语是All possiblemeans,means用all修饰,看作是复数,后面的谓语动词要用复数形式并且用被动语态;后一句是“阻挡某人做某事〃,him后省略了from,应选Do[即境活用]
7.cheer up(使)快乐;使兴奋;感到兴奋(回归课本P31)I cheeredup immediatelyand floatedweightlessly aroundin ourspaceshipcabin watchingtheearthbee smallerand themoon larger.我立即感到很快乐,由于失重我在太空舱里飘来飘去,我望着(身后的)地球越来越小,而(前方的)月球越来越大[归纳拓展]
①(牛津P327)Give Marya call;she needscheering up.给玛丽打个,她需要人抚慰
②The goodnews cheered(up)everybody whoheard it.喜讯使每一个听到的人感到快乐
③The crowdcheered wildlyat thesight ofLiu Xiang.看到刘翔后,人群热闹欢呼起来
④They dothis inorder toencourage crowdsto cheertheir sportsteams.她们这样做是为了鼓舞人们为她们的球队加油[例句探源]
10.一I mafraid Ican tpass thistime.一!I msure you11make it.A.Go aheadB.Good luckC.No problemD.Cheer up解析选D句意一一我正在考虑明天考试的问题,唯恐这次我会不及格一一振作起来!我信任你会通过的依据上下文只有Cheer up”振作起来〃符合题意,而Go ahead连续;Good luck好运气;No problem没问题,均不符合题意句型梳理1【教材原句】“walking doesneed abit ofpractice now_that gravityhas changed.,・・・z P31“……既然重力转变了,走路也的确需要练一练了〃【句法分析】now that由于;既然,引导缘由状语从句,有时that可以省略
①Now thatyou havefinished yourwork,you dbetter havea rest.既然你的工作已经做完了,最好休息一下吧
②Now thatthe weatheris fine,let sgo fora ride.既然天气那么好,我们开车去兜风吧
③Now youhave grownup,you canmake upyour mindby yourself.你已长大了,可以自己做打算了[易混辨析]because,since,as,for,now that1because语气最强,一般指事情发生的直接缘由,答复提问时,一般放在主句之后2since语气较弱,指双方都明确的缘由或众所周知的缘由,侧重主句,从句表示明显的或的理由3as语气比because弱,所引导的从句表示的是显而易见的缘由和理由,从句一般放在主句前4for是并列连词,表示推断的缘由,或对前一分句补充说明理由for表示这一用法时需放在两句之间
①He wasabsent fromthe meetingbecause hewas illyesterday.
②Since youcantanswer thequestion,I11ask someoneelse.3As therewas noanswer,we wrotehim again.
④It musthave rainedlast night,for theground iswet.[即境活用]
11.you vegot achance,you mightas wellmake fulluse ofit.A.Now thatB.AfterC.Although D.As soonas解析选A句意既然你得到了一次时机,不妨充分利用它
12.一Did youreturn Freds call—I didnt needto V11see himtomorrow.A.though B.unlessC.when D.because解析选D依据语意看,后面的句子表示“没有必要的缘由〃,所以用because2【教材原句】But whenI triedto stepforward,I foundI wascarried twice asfarason theearthandfellover.P31而当我试着向前迈步的时候,我觉察我被送出去很远,步伐的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍,因而我摔倒了【句法分析】倍数的表达方式1“A+倍数+形容词或副词的比拟级+than+B〃,表示“A比B大长、高、宽等多少倍〃2“A+倍数+as+形容词或副词的原级+as+B〃,表示“A是B的多少倍〃3“A+倍数+the size/height/length/width,etc.+of+B,表示A是B的多少倍”4A+倍数+what从句
①There arefive timesmore booksin ourlibrary thanin yours.我们图书馆里的书比你们图书馆里的书多五倍
②Our cityhas experiencedtwice as much rainthis yearas itdid lastyear.我们的城市今年的降雨量是去年的两倍
③My houseis twicethe sizeof myparents,.我的房子是我父母的两倍大
④The productionnow isthree timeswhat itwas tenyearsago.现在的产量是10年前的3倍[即境活用]
13.2009年高考辽宁卷Peter sjacket lookedjust thesame asJack s,but itcosthis.A.asmuchtwice asB.twice asmuch asC.much as twice asD.as twicemuch as解析选B句意彼得的夹克衫看起来与杰克的一样,但是却是他的价钱的两倍考查倍数句型“倍数+as+原级+as..〃・
14.Ten yearsago thepopulation ofour villagewas thatof theirs.A.as twicelarge asB.twice aslarge asC.twiceasmuch asD.astwicemuch as解析选Bo句意十年前我们村的人口是他们村的两倍population往往与large或small搭配,且形容词比拟级的结构之一为倍数+as+形容词原级+as..・。