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句型—.There is no结构其意为〃不可能无法…〃
1.There isno doing4567这一事实不容否认There sno denyingthe fact.这困难无法克服There isno gettingover thedifficulty.无法知道他下一步要干什么There isno knowingwhat he will donext.没法知道她什么时候回来There wasno tellingwhen shewould be back结构意为“做某事没有困难”
2.There isno difficultyin doing sth找到了他的办公室没费一点劲There isno difficultyin findinghis office.执行这项计划没什么困难There wasno difficultyin carryingout theplan.结构意为“毫无疑
3.There sno doubtof sth./dong sth/that...问…”毫无疑问他一定会成功:There isno doubtof hissuccess.毫无There couldbe nodoubt that he wasone ofthe bestwriter inthis country.疑问他是这个国家最优秀的作家之一形容词+不可数名词+陈述语序What+句式其意为“不用急于做某事”:4There isno hurryto do sth7现在不急于还书There sno hurryto returnthe book.7不用赶时间,要慢慢细心There sno hurry,so doit slowlyand carefully.地做具体说来,表达强烈情绪喜、怒、哀、乐、惊、恐等的句子叫做感叹句,强烈情绪的表达通常有下列三种方式使用感叹词;a只用情绪感觉的语词,例如水!水!快!bWater!Water!Quick!——如救火或救人时这是什么味道啊!——如吃到怪味时What taste!使用或的句式,例如cHow...!Whata...!”How beautifulyou are,Helen!海伦,你是多么美!What abeautiful flowerit is!这一朵花多么美!本句式的主语动词也可以省去以突显情绪的强烈感,例如How cruelthey are!真是惨绝人寰!一一如听到绑票的撕票案等这些花多美啊!How beautifulthese flowersare!使用简短的陈述句配合音调也可以表达感叹,例如dYou arekidding!你在开玩笑!一一表示惊讶I loveyou我爰你!——表示喜欢(我恨你!——表示愤怒或绝望I hateyou!
一、用引导的感叹句有三种句式,此时,为形容词,用作定语,修饰它what what后面的名词或名词词组形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!例如
1.What+a/an+(多么好的天气啊!)What afine dayit is!(那是一栋多么破旧的楼房啊What anold buildingthat is!!)形容词+可数名词复数形式+主语+谓语!例如
2.What+What goodteachers they are!(他们是多么好的老师啊!)(这些是多么美丽的花啊!)What beautifulflowers theseare!形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语!例如
3.What+(我们这儿的冰多厚啊What thickice weare havinghere!!)(这是一块多么圆的面包啊)What roundbread it is!!
二、用开头的感叹句也有三种句式,此时,是副词,用作状语,修饰how how后面的形容词、副词或动词+形容词+主语+谓语!
4.How例如今天天气多热啊!How hotit istoday!How beautifulthe flowersare!这些花多么美丽啊!+副词+主语+胃语!
5.How i例如How hardhe works!他工作多么努力啊!How wellshe sings!她歌唱得多好啊!主语+谓语!
6.How+例如她跳舞跳得多好啊!How shedances!注意和引起的感叹句,在口语中常可以省略主语、谓语或其它what how句子成分例如How coldit is!What agood girl!What deliciousfish十三.句型It被强调部分+L It is+that…该句型是强调句型将被强调的部分放在前面,其它部分置于之后被强调that部分可以是主语,宾语,表语或状语强调的主语如果是人,可以由换that who用如果把这种句型结构划掉后,应该是一个完整无缺的句子这也是判断强调句型与其它从句的方法It was about600years agothat the first clockwith aface andan hourhandwas made.It wasthey thatwhocleaned theclassroom yesterday.It wasin the street that I mether father.
2.被强调部分+It isnot until+that.・.该句型也是强调句型主要用于强凋时间状语,译成汉语直到……才……”,可以说是的强调形式not...until...It wasnot untilshe tookoff herdark glassesthatIrealized she was afamousfilm star.二Not untilshe tookoff herdark glassesdid Irealize shewas afamous filmstar.二I didntrealize shewasafamous filmstar untilshe tookoff herdark glasses.
3.It isclearobvious,true,possible,certairi・・・that・・・该句型中是形式主语,真正的主语是引导的主语从句,常译为清it that楚显然,真的,肯定……是主语从句最常见的一种结构It is very clearthat hesround andtall likea tree.=That hesround andtall likea treeisveryclear.
4.It isimportantnecessary,right,strange,naturaL・・that.・・该句型和上一个同属一个句型由于主句中的形容词不同,后的从句中要用that虚拟语气动词原形可以省去建议记住该句型中的形容词should+,shouldIt isimportant thatwe shouldlearn Englishwell.It isnecessary that he shouldremember thesewords.
5.It issaid reported,learned...that...该句型中的仍是形式主语,真正主语是引导的主语从句该结构常译为it that据说据报道,据悉……”It issaid thathe hascome to Beijing.It isreported thatanother man-made satellitehas beenput intoorbit
6.It issuggestedordered,required・・・that・・・该句型和上一个同属一个句型主句中的过去分词是表示请求,建议,命令等词时,后的从句要用虚拟语气动词原形,可以省常译为that should+should据建议;有命令……It issuggested thatthe meetingshouldbe putoff.It wasordered thatweshouldarrive therein twohours.
7.It isa pitya shame・・・that・・・该句型中,后的从句一般用虚拟语气动词原形,可省去that should+should•表示出乎意料,常译为“竟然没有这种意义时,则不用虚拟语气It isa pitythat sucha thingshouldhappen inyour class.这种事竟然发生在你们班上,真是遗憾!他生病了,真遗憾It isa pitythathe is ill.!
8.It istimeabout time,high timethat…该句型中后的从句应该用虚拟语气,值得注意的是
①常用过去时态表示虚that拟.
②有时也用动词原形,不能省常译为是正是……的时should+should侯……”It istime thatchildren shouldgo to bed.=It istime thatchildren went to bed.
9.It/This isthe firstsecond・・.time that.・・该句型要和上一个句型区别开来该句型中的从句不用虚拟语气,而用完成that时态至于用什么完成时态,由主句的谓语动词的时态决定如果是一般现在时,后面从句用现在完成时态;如果是一般过去时,后面从句则用过去完成时态该结构中可以省去;有时用替换,常译为是第一that itthis二……次……”It isthe firsttime Ihave beenhere.二This isthefirsttime Ihave beenhere.
10.It is・♦・since・・・该句型主要用作处理瞬间动词的完成时,又要和表示一段时间的时间状语连用的问题主句中是时间作表语,其时态是现在时或完成时,引导的从句通常是since一般过去时态,而且是瞬间动词如果主句是一般过去时,从句则用过去完成时It ishas been5years sincehis fatherdied.
11.It is.・・when・♦・该句型中的引导的是一个时间状语从句,主句中的指时间,表语由具体when it的时间充当常译为当……的时候,是……It was5oclock whenhe camehere.
12.It be.・・before・・・该句型主句中的指时间,主句中的时态常是将来一般时或过去时两种时态.主句it中的表语多是,2等表示时间段的词或短语常译long,not long,3days weeks为〃……过了多久之后就/才……〃It was3days beforehe wenttoBeijing.It willbe notlong beforehe finisheshis job.
13.It happensthat...该句型中是形式主语,引导的是主语从句,主句中的是不及物动词.it thathappen碰巧……It happenedso happenedthathemet histeacher in thestreet.
14.It takessb.・・・to do sth.该句型中的不定式是真正的主语,是形式主语,句型中的直接宾语是时间it常译为做……要花费某人……It tookthousands ofpeople manyyears tobuild theGreat Wall.
15.It isno goodusedoing sth.该句型中的真正主语是动名词短语,主句中的表语可以是no good,notany good,no use,not anyuse oIt isnogood learningEnglish withoutspeaking English.
16.It doesntmatter whether...该句型中引导的从句是真正主语,该句型常译为不论是否……没关whether系……It doesntmatter whether theyareold ornot.
17.It is kindof sb.to do sth.该句型中的不定式短语是真正主语,如果不定式的逻辑主语是由引起,主句中of的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语特征的形容词常见的有bad,brave,careless,clever,cruel,foolish,good(好/心的),honest,horrible,kind,lazy,modest,naughty,nice(有教养的)/polite,rude,silly,stupid,wise,wrong(错误的)等这个句型可以改写为:sb.iskind to do sth.二It iskind ofyou to say so.You arekindtosay so.
18.It isnecessary(for sb.)to do sth.该句型与上一个同属一个句型不定式的逻辑主语由引起,形容词通常表示for重要性,紧迫性,频繁程度,难易,安全等情况常见的形容词有1important,necessary,natural2easy,safe,common)/normal,hard,difficult,dangerous,unusual,impossible,pleasant等如:It isimportant forher tocome tothe party.()=It isimportant that she shouldcome tothe party
19.It seems/appears that看来It seems/appears thathewillbebackin afew days.()…该句型中无意义It looksseems as if it引导一个状语从句常译为「看起来好像……如果与事实不相符合,则用虚as if拟语气.(真的病了)It looksas ifheisill.(虚拟语气)It seemedas ifhe weredying.z…结构其意为“不需要或不必
5.There sno needfor sb.to do sth.••••不需要帮助There isno needfor help.你没有必要去There isno needfor youto go.结构意为“做某事没有道理或好处”
6.There isno sensein doing sth1批评他也没有用There sno sensein criticizinghim.7等三小时是不没有道理的There sno sensein waitingthree hours.,句式意为“做某事没有用”
1.should have done noughtto have done本来就会去做某事而没做
2.would have done=二本可以做某事而没做
3.could have done本可以做而没做
4.might havedone例:他们本该道歉的They oughtto haveapologized.一定做过某事
5.must havedone sth否定形式7cant/couldn thavedone例:She musthave comehere lastnight.She canthave gonethere可能做过某事
6.may havedone sth否定形式may not havedone例:Philip mayhave beenhurt seriouslyinthecar accident.或许做过某事否定形式
7.might havedone sthmight nothavedone例:She mighthave knownwhat thebottle contained.估计已经做了某事
8.should havedone sth否定形式should nothavedone例:She shouldhave arrivedin heroffice bynow.八.动词不定式句型.某人花/花了/将Q Ittakes/took/will takesb.some time/money to dosth花多长时间/多少钱做某事.例句:It tookme yearsof hardwork tospeak goodEnglish.2It is+adj+for/of sbto dosth例:It wascareless ofTom tobreak thecup.某人除了做另[无选择.3Sb.have/has/had no choice but to do.・,J例句We hadnochoicebuttotake ataxi forwed missedthe lastbus.的行为不/正像某人的一贯作风.4Its not/just likesb.todosth……例:Its notlike Jimtobelate forclass.He regardstime asthe mostimportantthing inlife.…形容词/副词+5enough todosth.例:I wasfortunate enoughto travelto SouthAfrica..…是值得的6It paysto+V例句It paysto helpothers.⑺It costsb sometime/money todosth例:住这儿一定会花很多钱的It mustcost agood dealto livehere.⑻do allhe couldtodosthdo whathe couldtodosthdo everythinghecouldtodosth例:They weredoing everythingthey couldto helpthe fatherland.彳艮难想象/说9It ishard toimagine/say.・.例:It ishard toimagine howEdison managedto worktwenty hourseach day.Its hardtosaywhethertheplan ispractical.九.动名词常用句型有困难Q...have trouble/difficulty/a hardtime/a difficulttime indoingsth.做某事例:People fromthe twocountries donothaveany difficultyin understandingeachother.就⑵upon/on doingsth,—例:Upon/On hearingthe unexpectednews,hewasso surprisedthat hecouldntsay aword.3There isno/some difficultv/trouble indoingsth.例:There isno difficultyin solvingthis socialproblem.4There isno need/use harm/hurry indoingsth例:There isno needin sendingsuch expensivepresent.⑸spend sometime/money indoingsth例:They saychildren spendtoomuchtime chattingand playinggames insteadoffocusing ontheir schoolwork.⑹Its no use/good/worth doingsth例:Itsnousetalking withhim.He wont listento you.7Its awaste oftime/money/energy doing例:Its awaste oftime watchingTV programmeas this.句型•since过去式,现在完成式1Since+S+S+例句:Since hewenttosenior highschool,he hasworked veryhard.自从他上高中,他一直很用功+持续性谓语动词表否定2It is+--+since S例她已三年不住这儿了It isthree years since shelived here.瞬间谓语动词表肯定例3Itis/has been+--+since S+ItisyearssinceI我戒烟已经数年了stopped smoking.句型H—.more…than二与其……不如……1more than例:二He ismore lazythan slowat hiswork.He isless slowthan lazyat hiswork.超过;不仅仅是;非常2more than例:These flagsare more than justcolorful piecesof clothand threadsewntogether.最多不超过3not morethanz例:They finishedthe projectin notmorethanone year.仅仅4no morethan例:The officialscould seeno morethan theEmperor.十二.感叹句句型what+名词+陈述语序What形容词+名词+陈述语序What+a+形容词+复数名词+陈述语序What+。